Yvelines
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox settlement
Yvelines (Template:IPA) is a department in the western part of the Île-de-France region in Northern France. In 2019, it had a population of 1,448,207.<ref name=pop2019>Populations légales 2019: 78 Yvelines, INSEE</ref> Its prefecture is Versailles, home to the Palace of Versailles, the principal residence of the King of France from 1682 until 1789, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1979. Yvelines' subprefectures are Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Mantes-la-Jolie and Rambouillet.
History
[edit]Yvelines was created from the western part of the former department of Seine-et-Oise on 1 January 1968 in accordance with a law passed on 10 January 1964 and a décret d'application (a decree specifying how a law should be enforced) from 26 February 1965. It inherited Seine-et-Oise's official number of 78 since it took up the largest portion of its territory. In addition to this, it inherited Seine-et-Oise's prefecture, Versailles.
Yvelines derives its name from the Forest of Yveline, next to Rambouillet.<ref>Busson (abbé G.) Ledru(abbé A.) Actus pontificum Cenomannis in urbe degentium (1902), Template:P..</ref>
It gained the communes of Châteaufort and Toussus-le-Noble from the adjacent department of Essonne in 1969.
The departmental capital, Versailles, which grew up around Louis XIV's château, was also the French capital for more than a century under the Ancien Régime and again between 1871 and 1879 during the early years of the Third Republic. Since then the château has continued to welcome the French Parliament when it is called upon to sit in a congressional sitting (with both houses sitting together) in order to enact constitutional changes or to listen to a formal declaration by the President.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Geography
[edit]Situation
[edit]Yvelines is bordered by the departments of Val-d'Oise on the north, Hauts-de-Seine on the east, Essonne on the southeast, Eure-et-Loir on the southwest and Eure on the west.
The eastern part of the department, as well as its northern part along the Seine, is part of the Paris metropolitan area, but the rest of the department is rural, much of it covered by the Forest of Rambouillet (also known as the Forest of Yveline, from which the name of the department is derived).
Two regional parks can be found in Yvelines: Haute Vallée de Chevreuse Regional Natural Park and part of Vexin Français Park. Yvelines is home to one of France's best known golf courses, La Tuilerie-Bignon, in the village of Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche.
Principal towns
[edit]Besides Versailles (the prefecture and most populous commune) and the subprefectures of Mantes-la-Jolie, Rambouillet, and Saint-Germain-en-Laye, important cities include Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, Poissy, Les Mureaux, Houilles, Plaisir, Sartrouville, Chatou, Le Chesnay, and the new agglomeration community of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. As of 2019, there are 21 communes with more than 20,000 inhabitants. The 10 most populous communes are:<ref name=pop2019/>
| Commune | Population (2019) |
|---|---|
| Versailles | 84,808 |
| Sartrouville | 52,774 |
| Saint-Germain-en-Laye | 44,806 |
| Mantes-la-Jolie | 43,921 |
| Poissy | 39,187 |
| Conflans-Sainte-Honorine | 35,536 |
| Les Mureaux | 33,203 |
| Houilles | 32,801 |
| Trappes | 32,645 |
| Montigny-le-Bretonneux | 32,282 |
Demographics
[edit]In French, a man from the Yvelines is called Yvelinois (plural Yvelinois); a woman is Yvelinoise (plural Yvelinoises).
Population development since 1876
[edit]Template:Historical populations
Place of birth of residents
[edit]Tourism
[edit]Palaces and châteaux
[edit]- Palace of Versailles
- Château de Breteuil
- Château du Haut-Buc
- Château de Dampierre
- Château de Jouy-en-Josas
- Château de Maisons
- Château de Rambouillet
- Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
- Château of Thoiry
- Château de Vaux-sur-Seine
- Château de Mauvières
- Château du Pont
- Château de Villette
- Château de Millemont
Museums
[edit]- Museum of National Antiques (Saint-Germain-en-Laye)
- Museum of River and Canal Craft (Conflans-Sainte-Honorine)
- Horse-drawn Coach Museum (Versailles)
- Toy Museum (Poissy)
- Sheep Museum (Rambouillet)
- Cloth Museum of Jouy (Jouy-en-Josas)
- National Barn Museum of Port-Royal (Magny-les-Hameaux)
- International Museum of Naive Art
- Musée Lambinet (Versailles)
- Musée de la Grenouillère (Croissy-sur-Seine)
- Musée Fournaise (Chatou)
Artists' and writers' houses
[edit]- Maurice Denis's house, the Musée départemental Maurice Denis (Saint-Germain-en-Laye)
- André Derain's house (Chambourcy)
- Alexandre Dumas, père's Château de Monte-Cristo (Port-Marly)
- Maurice Ravel's house/museum (Montfort-l'Amaury)
- Jean-Claude Richard's family estate (Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche)
- Elsa Triolet-Aragon's house (Saint-Arnoult-en-Yvelines)
- Ivan Turgenev House (Bougival)
- Émile Zola's house (Médan)
Parks and gardens
[edit]- Chèvreloup Arboretum (Rocquencourt)
- Marly Estate (Marly-le-Roi)
- Vaux-sur-Seine Castle Garden (Vaux-sur-Seine)
- The King's Vegetable Garden (Versailles)
- Outdoor and entertainment base of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Trappes)
-
The Grand Trianon
-
The Venus of Brassempouy from the collection of the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
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Politics
[edit]In both local and national elections, the department generally supports centre-right political candidates. Michel Rocard, who served as Prime Minister of France from 1988 to 1991 under President François Mitterrand, was an MP for the department in the Socialist Party. The president of the Departmental Council is Pierre Bédier, first elected in 2014.
Presidential elections 2nd round
[edit]| Election | Winning Candidate | Party | % | 2nd Place Candidate | Party | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2022<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | Emmanuel Macron | LREM | 71.05 | Marine Le Pen | FN | 28.95 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2017<ref name="auto">Template:Cite web</ref> | Emmanuel Macron | LREM | 77.15 | Marine Le Pen | FN | 22.85 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2012 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 54.30 | François Hollande | PS | 45.70 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2007 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 58.71 | Ségolène Royal | PS | 41.29 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 2002<ref name="auto"/> | Jacques Chirac | RPR | 85.59 | Jean-Marie Le Pen | FN | 14.41 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | 1995<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | Jacques Chirac | RPR | 60.64 | Lionel Jospin | PS | 39.36 |
Members of the National Assembly
[edit]In the 2024 legislative election, Yvelines elected the following representatives to the National Assembly:
Senators
[edit]In the Senate, Yvelines is represented by:
- Toine Bourrat (DVD), since 2020
- Marta de Cidrac (LR), since 2017
- Gérard Larcher (LR), since 2007 (President of the Senate since 2014)
- Michel Laugier (UDI), since 2017
- Martin Lévrier (REM), since 2017
- Sophie Primas (LR), since 2011
See also
[edit]- Cantons of the Yvelines department
- Communes of the Yvelines department
- Arrondissements of the Yvelines department
References
[edit]<references/>
External links
[edit]- Template:In lang Prefecture of Yvelines
- Template:In lang Departmental council of Yvelines
- Template:In lang History of Famous People and Yvelines