Lilium lancifolium
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Lilium lancifolium (syn. L. tigrinum) is an Asian species of lily, native to China, Japan, Korea, and the Russian Far East.<ref name=POWO_537628-1/> It is widely planted as an ornamental because of its showy orange-and-black flowers, and sporadically occurs as a garden escapee in North America, particularly the eastern United States including New England,<ref name=flora-of-northamerica-online/> and has made incursions into some southern states such as Georgia.<ref>Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map</ref>
It has the English name tiger lily, but that name has been applied to other species as well.
Description
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Like other true lilies, the flowers are borne on upright stems that are Template:Convert tall and bear lanceolate leaves Template:Convert long and Template:Convert broad. L. lancifolium produces aerial bulblets, known as bulbils, in the leaf axils.<ref name="ohwi" /> These bulbils are uncommon in Lilium species and they produce new plants that are clones of the original plant.<ref name="flora-of-northamerica-online" />
The flowers are odorless.<ref name="ohwi" /> Each lasts a few days and if pollinated produce capsules with many thin seeds.<ref name="flora-of-northamerica-online" />
Extrafloral nectaries on the species were first noted by Zimmerman 1932.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Taxonomy
[edit]Varieties
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The names of names considered as varieties at some time are: Template:Bulleted list
The Lilium tigrinum flore pleno, the double-flowered variety, had been exported out of Japan by William Bull since 1869.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
Names
[edit]Scientific names
[edit]Botanists for many years considered L. tigrinum (after Ker Gawler<ref>Ker Gawler, J. G.; Bellenden, John (1809) "Lilium tigrinum, Tiger-spotted Chinese lily". Botanical Magazine 31: plate 1237ff.</ref>) the correct scientific name until it was determined that older name L. lancifolium (after Thunberg<ref>Thunberg, Carl Peter (1794), Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2: 333 Template:In lang</ref>) refers to the same species, and the latter became the accepted name.<ref name="flora-of-northamerica-online" />Template:Efn
Vernacular names
[edit]Its common name is tiger lily. Although this name is ambiguous across several species, it is correctly applied to this species alone.<ref name="flora-of-northamerica-online" />
Cat toxicity
[edit]A case study of the successful treatment of a cat that ingested this particular species was published in 2007.<ref>Berg, Rebecca IM, Thierry Francey, and Gilad Segev (2007) "Resolution of acute kidney injury in a cat after lily (Lilium lancifolium) intoxicationTemplate:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore". Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 21(4), pp. 857–859.</ref>
Uses
[edit]It is cultivated and wild foraged in Asia for its edible bulbs.<ref name=dai-nihon-nokai/> The cultivar 'Splendens' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In Taiwan, both the flower and bulbs are used as food, as are the other related species: L. brownii var. viridulum, L. pumilum and L. candidum.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>