The Ladykillers (1955 film)

The Ladykillers is a 1955 British black comedy crime film directed by Alexander Mackendrick for Ealing Studios. It stars Alec Guinness, Cecil Parker, Herbert Lom, Peter Sellers, Danny Green, Jack Warner, and Katie Johnson as the old lady, Mrs. Wilberforce.<ref name="The Ladykillers 1955">Template:Cite web</ref>

William Rose wrote the screenplay,<ref name="The Ladykillers 1955"/> for which he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and won the BAFTA Award for Best British Screenplay. He claimed to have dreamt the entire film and merely had to remember the details when he awoke.

Plot

Mrs. Wilberforce is a sweet and eccentric old widow who lives alone in a gradually subsiding house, built over the entrance to a railway tunnel in Kings Cross, London. With nothing to occupy her time and an active imagination, she is a frequent visitor to the local police station where she reports fanciful suspicions regarding neighbourhood activities. The officers there humour her but give her reports no credence whatsoever.

She is approached by a sly and sinister character, "Professor" Marcus, who wants to rent rooms in her house. Mrs Wilberforce is not aware that Marcus has assembled a gang of hardened criminals for a sophisticated security van robbery at the nearby railway station, who plan to use Mrs. Wilberforce's house as a base of operations. The gang includes the jittery and gentlemanly con-man Major Courtney, the Cockney spiv Harry Robinson, the punch-drunk ex-boxer 'One-Round' Lawson and the cruel and vicious continental gangster Louis Harvey. As a cover, Marcus convinces the naive Mrs. Wilberforce that the group is an amateur string quintet using the rooms for rehearsal space. To maintain the deception, the gang members carry musical instruments and play records of Boccherini and Haydn during their planning sessions.

The criminals successfully carry out the heist, and trick Mrs. Wilberforce into retrieving the disguised money from the railway station herself. As the gang departs her house with the loot, One-Round accidentally gets his cello case full of banknotes trapped in the front door. As he pulls the case free, banknotes spill forth while Mrs. Wilberforce looks on. After she learns from a visiting friend that a robbery has taken place nearby, Mrs. Wilberforce finally sees the gang's true colours and informs Marcus that she is going to the police.

Stalling, the gangsters try to convince Mrs. Wilberforce that she will be considered an accomplice for holding the cash. Marcus asserts that the heist was a victimless crime as insurance will cover all the losses and the police will probably not even accept the money back. Mrs. Wilberforce wavers, but eventually she rallies, and the criminals decide they must kill her. No one wants to do it, so they draw lots using matchsticks. The Major loses, but he tries to make a run for it with the cash.

While Mrs. Wilberforce dozes off, the criminals double-cross each other and end up killing one another in rapid succession. The Major falls off the roof of the house after being chased by Louis, Harry attempts to escape with the money, but he is killed by One-Round, and One-Round is killed by Louis after he leaves his gun's safety catch on and fails to shoot Louis and Marcus. Marcus kills Louis by luring him down a ladder by the bridge overlooking the railway and dislodging it, causing Louis to fall into a passing railway wagon. Before falling into the carriage, Louis fires a last shot at Marcus which nearly hits him. Within moments, Marcus himself is struck on the head by a changing railway signal, and his body drops into another wagon. All the other bodies have been dumped into railway wagons passing behind the house and are now far away.

Mrs. Wilberforce is now left alone with the plunder. She goes to the police station, but they do not believe her story. They humour her, telling her to "keep the money". She is puzzled but finally relents and returns home. Along the way, she leaves a banknote of large denomination with a perplexed starving artist.

Cast

File:Katie johnson ladykillers.jpg

Katie Johnson with (l to r) Cecil Parker, Herbert Lom, Alec Guinness and Danny Green

• Alec Guinness as Professor Marcus
• Cecil Parker as Major Claude Courtney
• Herbert Lom as Louis Harvey
• Peter Sellers as Harry Robinson
• Danny Green as 'One-Round' Lawson
• Jack Warner as the Superintendent
• Katie Johnson as Mrs Louisa Wilberforce
• Philip Stainton as the Station Sergeant
• Frankie Howerd as the barrow boy
• Kenneth Connor as the taxi driver (uncredited)
• Lucy Griffiths as Miss Pringle (uncredited)
• Harold Goodwin as the parcels clerk (uncredited)
• Stratford Johns as a security guard (uncredited)

Alec Guinness is thought to have based his performance of Professor Marcus on the actor Alastair Sim, as he believed that the role was made for Sim; although critic Philip French wrote in 2015 that "there’s another possible source for the appearance of Marcus, with his prominent teeth and pale, cadaverous features, and that is the self-publicising critic and man of the theatre Kenneth Tynan, who had written a monograph on Guinness and been an assistant on the disastrous 1951 Festival of Britain production of Hamlet starring Guinness."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Robinson was the first major film role for Peter Sellers; he would later appear with Lom in five of The Pink Panther films.

Sellers and Guinness would appear together again in Murder By Death (1976).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Production

The Ladykillers was the last Technicolor three-strip movie filmed in the UK.<ref name="vcF/tlk">Template:Cite web</ref>

"When Alec, as the Professor, is killed by a railway signal falling onto his head, the production crew made sure that this would not in fact happen by placing a metal pin half an inch above the level of Alec's head. Lines were drawn in chalk to mark where he should stand for the shot. When it came to the take, however, the signal sheared the metal pin and tore the back of Alec's jacket. He had been standing an inch or two in front of the chalk mark – a mistake that saved his life."<ref name="ppr/AG">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="sF/end">Template:Cite news</ref> – Piers Paul Read

William Rose left the production midway, following arguments with director Alexander Mackendrick and associate producer Seth Holt, leaving them to complete the script from his notes.<ref name="sO/441533">Template:Cite web</ref>

Awards and nominations

Award	Category	Nominee(s)	Result
Academy Awards	Best Screenplay – Original	William Rose	Template:Nom
British Academy Film Awards	Best Film from any Source	The Ladykillers	Template:Nom
	Best British Film		Template:Nom
	Best British Actress	Katie Johnson	Template:Won
	Best British Screenplay	William Rose	Template:Won

Reception

Box office

According to the National Film Finance Corporation, the film made a comfortable profit.<ref>U.S. MONEY BEHIND 30% OF BRITISH FILMS: Problems for the Board of Trade: The Manchester Guardian, 4 May 1956. p. 7.</ref>

Critical response

The film received critical acclaim from critics. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rare approval rating of 100% based on 31 reviews, with an average score of 8.7/10. The website's consensus reads, "The Ladykillers is a macabre slow-burn with quirky performances of even quirkier characters."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On Metacritic, the film received a score of 91 based on 7 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The British Film Institute ranked The Ladykillers the 13th greatest British film of all time. In 2017 a poll of 150 actors, directors, writers, producers and critics for Time Out magazine saw it ranked the 29th best British film ever.<ref>"The 100 best British films". Time Out. Retrieved 24 October 2017</ref>

Reputation

In 2000, readers of Total Film magazine voted The Ladykillers the 36th greatest comedy film of all time, and The Guardian labelled it the 5th greatest comedy of all time in 2010.

Adaptations

File:The Ladykillers at the Gielgud (6481418261).jpg

The Ladykillers playing at the Gielgud Theatre in the West End, December 2011.

• In 1966, the film was adapted into an opera by the Czech composer Ilja Hurník under the name The Lady and the Robbers (Dáma a lupiči), which was premiered in Brno in October 1973.<ref>James Helme Sutcliffe. Czechoslovakia : 'The Ladykillers'. Opera, January 1974, Vol. 25 No. 1, p.40 & 57.</ref>
• In 1969, the film was adapted into Egyptian film "Thieves But Funny" (original name: لصوص ولكن ظرفاء) starring Ahmed Mazhar and Adel Emam.<ref>Losos Laken Dhurafa'a on IMDb, Retrieved 30 December 2023</ref>
• On 13 January 1996, an adaptation for radio of the film, by Bruce Bedford, was first broadcast on BBC Radio 4 starring Edward Petherbridge and Margot Boyd.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• In 2004, the Coen brothers directed an American remake of the film, starring Tom Hanks, Irma P. Hall, Marlon Wayans, J. K. Simmons, Tzi Ma and Ryan Hurst. The setting of the film is moved from London to Saucier, Mississippi, home of a riverboat casino.<ref name="The Ladykillers 2004">Template:Cite web</ref>
• In 2011, the film was adapted as the play The Ladykillers by Graham Linehan. It premiered at the Liverpool Playhouse in November that year before transferring to the Gielgud Theatre in London with Peter Capaldi as Professor Marcus.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• In 2013, the play was revived at the London Vaudeville Theatre<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and subsequently toured the UK and Ireland.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> This revived production featured a new cast.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• In June 2019, the play had its North American premiere at the Shaw Festival in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada with Damien Atkins as Professor Marcus and Chick Reid as Mrs. Wilberforce.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See also

• BFI Top 100 British films
• The Pardoner's Tale

External links

• Template:Cite news – video
• Template:TCMDb title
• Template:Rotten-tomatoes
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• Then and now photographs of locations Martin Underwood, January 2014
• 'The Ladykillers' Locations at Reelstreets.com
• 'The Ladykillers' locations documentary at YouTube