SourceForge
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SourceForge is a web service founded by Geoffrey B. Jeffery, Tim Perdue, and Drew Streib in November 1999. SourceForge provides a centralized software discovery platform, including an online platform for managing and hosting open-source software projects, and a directory for comparing and reviewing B2B software that lists over 104,500 business software titles.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It provides source code repository hosting, bug tracking, mirroring of downloads for load balancing, a wiki for documentation, developer and user mailing lists, user-support forums, user-written reviews and ratings, a news bulletin, micro-blog for publishing project updates, and other features.
SourceForge was one of the first to offer this service free of charge to open-source projects.<ref name="earthweb2007">Template:Cite web</ref> Since 2012, the website has run on Apache Allura software. SourceForge offers free hosting and free access to tools for developers of free and open-source software.
Template:As of, the SourceForge repository claimed to host more than 502,000 projects and had more than 3.7 million registered users.<ref name="sourceforge-about">Template:Cite web</ref>
Concept
[edit]SourceForge is a web-based source code repository. It acts as a centralized location for free and open-source software projects. It was the first to offer this service for free to open-source projects. Project developers have access to centralized storage and tools for managing projects, though it is best known for providing revision control systems such as CVS, Subversion, Bazaar, Git and Mercurial.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Major features (amongst others)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> include project wikis, metrics and analysis, access to a MySQL database, and unique sub-domain URLs (in the form http://project-name.sourceforge.net).
The vast number of users at SourceForge.net (over three million as of 2013)<ref name="compete1">Template:Cite web</ref> exposes prominent projects to a variety of developers and can create a positive feedback loop. As a project's activity rises, SourceForge.net's internal ranking system makes it more visible to other developers through SourceForge directory and Enterprise Directory.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Given that many open-source projects fail due to lack of developer support, exposure to such a large community of developers can continually breathe new life into a project. Template:Citation needed
Revenue model
[edit]SourceForge's traditional revenue model is through advertising banner sales on their site. In 2006, SourceForge Inc. reported quarterly takings of US$6.5 million.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2009, SourceForge reported a gross quarterly income of US$23 million through media and e-commerce streams.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2011, a revenue of US$20 million was reported for the combined value of the SourceForge, slashdot and freecode holdings, prior to SourceForge's acquisition.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Since 2013, additional revenue generation schemes, such as bundleware models,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> have been trialled, with the goal of increasing SourceForge's revenue. The result has in some cases been the appearance of malware bundled with SourceForge downloads.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On February 9, 2016, SourceForge announced they had eliminated their DevShare program practice of bundling installers with project downloads.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Negative community reactions to the partnership program led to a review of the program, which was nonetheless opened up to all SourceForge projects on February 7, 2014.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The program was canceled by new owners BIZX, LLC on February 9, 2016.<ref name="auto2" />
On May 17, 2016, they announced that it would scan all projects for malware and display warnings on downloads.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
History
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SourceForge, founded in 1999 by VA Software, was the first provider of a centralized location for free and open-source software developers to control and manage software development and offering this service free of charge.<ref name="earthweb2007" /> The software running the SourceForge site was released as free software in January 2000<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web Early code releases</ref> and was later named SourceForge Alexandria.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The last release under a free license was made in November 2001.<ref name="lwn2002">Template:Cite web</ref> After the dot-com bubble, SourceForge was later powered by the proprietary SourceForge Enterprise Edition, a separate product re-written in Java<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> which was marketed for use in offshore outsourcing.<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref>
SourceForge has been temporarily banned in China three times: in September 2002,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> in July 2008 (for about a month)<ref>SourceForge Unblocked in China. Moonlight Blog. July 24, 2008.</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and on August 6, 2012 (for several days).
In November 2008, SourceForge was sued by the French collection society Société civile des Producteurs de Phonogrammes en France (SPPF) for hosting downloads of the file sharing application Shareaza.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2009, SourceForge announced a new site platform known as Allura, which would be an extensible, open source platform licensed under the Apache License, utilizing components such as Python and MongoDB, and offering REST APIs.<ref name="sf-anopenforge">Template:Cite web</ref> In June 2012, the Allura project was donated to the Apache Software Foundation as Apache Allura.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In September 2012, SourceForge, Slashdot, and Freecode were acquired from Geeknet by the online job site Dice.com for $20 million, and incorporated into a subsidiary known as Slashdot Media.<ref name="dice2012">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=theh2012>Template:Cite web</ref> In July 2015, Dice announced that it planned to sell SourceForge and Slashdot,<ref name="ars-dhisell">Template:Cite web</ref> and, in January 2016, the two sites were sold to the San Diego–based BIZX, LLC for an undisclosed amount.<ref name="sdbj-bizx">Template:Cite web</ref> In December 2019, BIZX rebranded as Slashdot Media.<ref name="markets.businessinsider.com" />
On September 26, 2012, it was reported that attackers had compromised a SourceForge mirror, and modified a download of phpMyAdmin to add security exploits.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Installer with adware
[edit]In July 2013, SourceForge announced that it would provide project owners with an optional feature called DevShare, which places closed-source ad-supported content into the binary installers and gives the project part of the ad revenue.<ref>Today We Offer DevShare (Beta), A Sustainable Way To Fund Open Source Software | SourceForge Community Blog. Sourceforge.net (July 1, 2013). Retrieved on 2013-09-18.</ref> Opinions of this new feature varied; some complained about users not being as aware of what they are getting or being able to trust the downloaded content, whereas others saw it as a reasonably harmless option that keeps individual projects and users in control.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In November 2013, GIMP, a free image manipulation program, removed its download from SourceForge, citing misleading download buttons that potentially confuse customers as well as SourceForge's own Windows installer, which bundles potentially unwanted programs with GIMP. In a statement, GIMP called SourceForge a "once useful and trustworthy place to develop and host FLOSS applications" that now faces "a problem with the ads they allow on their sites".<ref name="Register: Gimp departs SourceForge">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In May 2015, SourceForge took control of pages for five projects that had migrated to other hosting sites and replaced the project downloads with adware-laden downloads, including GIMP.<ref name="arstechnica.com">Template:Cite web</ref> This came despite SourceForge's commitment in November 2013 to never bundle adware with project downloads without developers' consent.<ref name="sf-bundle">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="nmap-hijack">Template:Cite web</ref>
On June 1, 2015, SourceForge claimed that they had stopped coupling "third party offers" with unmaintained SourceForge projects.<ref name="sf-20150601">Template:Cite web</ref> Since this announcement was made, a number of other developers have reported that their SourceForge projects had been taken over by SourceForge staff accounts (but have not had binaries edited), including nmap<ref name="nmap-hijack" /><ref name="ars-nmap">Template:Cite web</ref> and VLC media player.<ref name="vlc-sf">Template:Cite web</ref> On June 18, 2015, SourceForge announced that SourceForge-maintained mirrored projects were removed and anticipated the formation of a Community Panel to review their mirroring practices.<ref name="sf-20150618">Template:Cite web</ref> No such Community Panel ever materialized, but SourceForge discontinued DevShare and the bundling of installers after SourceForge was sold to BizX in early 2016.<ref name="auto3">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="auto3" /> On May 17, 2016, SourceForge announced that they were now scanning all projects for malware and displaying warnings on projects detected to have malware.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Usage
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Template:As of, the SourceForge repository hosted more than 300,000 projects and had more than 3 million registered users,<ref name="what-is-sourceforge">Template:Cite web</ref> although not all were active. The domain sourceforge.net attracted at least 33 million visitors by August 2009 according to a Compete.com survey.<ref name="compete1"/>
In its terms of use,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> SourceForge states that its services are not available to users in countries on the sanction list of the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (including Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan and Syria). Since 2008 the secure server used for making contributions to the site has blocked access from those countries. In January 2010, the site had blocked all access from those countries, including downloads. Any IP address that appeared to belong to one of those countries could not use the site.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> By the following month, SourceForge relaxed the restrictions so that individual projects could indicate whether or not SourceForge should block their software from download to those countries.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> This, however, had been reversed by November 2020 for North Korea and other countries.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Crimea has been blocked since February 1, 2015.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Better source needed
See also
[edit]References
[edit]External links
[edit]- Template:Official website
- "The SourceForge Story", by James Maguire (2007-10-17)