List of national parks of Sweden
Template:Short description Template:Swedish National Parks Template:GeoGroup National parks of Sweden are managed by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (Template:Langx) and owned by the state. The goal of the national park service is to create a system of protected areas that represent all the distinct natural regions of the country.<ref name="swedishepa"/> In 1909, Sweden became the first country in Europe to establish such parks when nine were opened following the Riksdag passing of a law on national parks that year. This was followed by the establishment of seven parks between 1918 and 1962 and thirteen between 1982 and 2009, with the latest being Åsnen National Park in 2018.<ref name="swedishepa">Template:Cite web</ref> Template:As of there are 30 national parks in Sweden, comprising a total area of Template:Convert.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
According to the EPA, Swedish national parks must represent unique landscape types and be effectively protected and used for research, recreation, and tourism without damaging nature.<ref name="criteria">Template:Cite web</ref> Mountain terrain dominates approximatively 90% of the parks' combined area. The reason for this is the extensive mountain areas taken up by the large northern parks—Sarek National Park and Padjelanta National Park each cover approximately Template:Convert.<ref name="sarek"/><ref name="padjelanta"/> Many of the northern parks are part of the Laponian area, one of Sweden's UNESCO World Heritage Sites due to its preserved natural landscape and habitat for the native reindeer-herding Sami people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The southernmost parks—Söderåsen National Park, Dalby Söderskog National Park and Stenshuvud National Park—are covered with broadleaf forest and together cover approximately Template:Convert.<ref name="söderåsen"/><ref name="dalby"/><ref name="stenshuvud"/> Fulufjället National Park is part of PAN Parks,<ref name="Fulufjället"/> a network founded by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) to provide better long-term conservation and tourism management of European national parks.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
National parks
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Name | Location<ref name="naturvårdsverket">Template:Cite web</ref> | Area<ref name="naturvårdsverket"/> | Established<ref name="naturvårdsverket"/> | Description | Coordinates |
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Abisko National Park | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 1909 | The park is composed of valleys framed by mountain ranges in the south and west and Scandinavia's largest alpine lake, Torneträsk, in the north.<ref name="abisko">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Template:Sort | Stockholm County | Template:Sort | 1909 | Ängsö is an island in the Stockholm archipelago. The park is known for its "ancient farm landscape in the archipelago environment, the spring flowers, and the varied bird life".<ref name="Ängsö">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Template:Sort | Kronoberg County | Template:Sort | 2018 | Lacustrine archipelago, covered with a virgin forest. Rich animal and plant life, whether in the aquatic or terrestrial part.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Björnlandet National Park | Västerbotten County | Template:Sort | 1991 | Björnlandet's geography is distinguished by its large virgin forest and mountain terrain with steep ravines and cliffs. The park features traces of several forest fires.<ref name="Björnlandet">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Blå Jungfrun National Park | Kalmar County | Template:Sort | 1926 | Blå Jungfrun is an island in the Baltic Sea dominated by clefts and hollows in the north and forest in the south.<ref name="BlåJungfrun">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Dalby Söderskog National Park | Skåne County | Template:Sort | 1918 | Deciduous forest surrounded by a Template:Convert earth bank that takes up a large part of the park.<ref name="dalby">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Djurö National Park | Västra Götaland County | Template:Sort | 1991 | Djurö National Park consists of an archipelago with about 30 islands in Sweden's biggest lake, Vänern.<ref name="Djurö">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Template:Sort | Dalarna, Gävleborg, Uppsala, and Västmanland counties | Template:Sort | 1998 | Dalälven River passes through the park and the uneven shoreline encloses over 200 islands and islets.<ref name="Färnebofjärden">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Fulufjället National Park** | Dalarna County | Template:Sort | 2002 | The park consists mainly of bare mountain heights, and heaths that are unique in the Swedish mountains.<ref name="Fulufjället">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Garphyttan National Park | Template:Sort | Template:Sort | 1909 | Garphyttan National Park consists of landscape altered by humans through agriculture and forestry, such as meadows and deciduous forest.<ref name="Garphyttan">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Gotska Sandön National Park | Gotland County | Template:Sort | 1909 | Gotska Sandön is an island composed of sand. Its scenery is dominated by beaches, dunes, and pine forests.<ref name="GotskaSandön">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Hamra National Park | Template:Sort | Template:Sort | 1909 | Hamra National Park contains two low moraine hills covered with virgin forest and large rock boulders.<ref name="Hamra">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Haparanda Archipelago National Park | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 1995 | Located in the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia, the park is composed of low islands with wide sandy beaches.<ref name="Haparanda">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Kosterhavet National Park | Västra Götaland County | Template:Sort | 2009 | Kosterhavet National Park is the first national marine park of Sweden and was inaugurated in September 2009. It consists of the sea and shores around the Koster Islands, however excluding the islands themselves.<ref name=koster-en>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=svd>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Kosterhavet">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Muddus National Park* | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 1942 | Muddus National Park is home of deep ravines and primeval forests. Sweden's oldest pine tree is located in the park.<ref name="Muddus">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Norra Kvill National Park | Kalmar County | Template:Sort | 1927 | Norra Kvill is an ancient forest with tall pine trees that are over 350 years old. Three lakes are situated in the park: Stora Idegölen, Lilla Idegölen and Dalskärret.<ref name="NorraKvill">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Padjelanta National Park* | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 1962 | The park, which borders Norway in the west, is primarily composed of a flat and open landscape that surrounds the two lakes Vastenjávrre and Virihávrre.<ref name="padjelanta">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Pieljekaise National Park | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 1909 | Pieljekaise National Park is composed of birch forest, mountain terrain, and several lakes. The park is named after Pieljekaise Mountain, a landmark in the area.<ref name="Pieljekaise">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Template:Sort | Jämtland County | Template:Sort | 1909 | The park is named after the Template:Convert mountain Sånfjället. The mountainous area is intersected by streaming lakes and a forest area.<ref name="Sånfjället">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Sarek National Park* | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 1909 | The park features an alpine landscape with high peaks and narrow valleys. More than 100 glaciers are found in the park, and several mountains are over Template:Convert high.<ref name="sarek">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Skuleskogen National Park* | Västernorrland County | Template:Sort | 1984 | Skuleskogen National Park is composed of ancient forest, high mountains, and sea coast. The mountain peaks are covered with pine forest and are separated by valleys formed by the sea and ice sheets.<ref name="Skuleskogen">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Template:Sort | Skåne County | Template:Sort | 2001 | The park features an especially contoured landscape with up to Template:Convert ravines. The valleys are covered with broadleaf forest, mostly beech.<ref name="söderåsen">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Stenshuvud National Park | Skåne County | Template:Sort | 1986 | Stenshuvud is a hill that faces the Baltic Sea. Because the surrounding landscape is relatively flat, it can be seen from a great distance and has been used by seafarers as an aid to navigation at sea. Most of the area is covered with broadleaf forest.<ref name="stenshuvud">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Stora Sjöfallet National Park* | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 1909 | The park's northern portions lie in the Scandinavian Mountains, home to some of Sweden's highest peaks. The lower hills in the park's southern part are covered with forest.<ref name="StoraSjöfallet">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Store Mosse National Park | Jönköping County | Template:Sort | 1989 | Store Mosse National Park is the home of the largest bog area in southern Sweden. The lake Kävsjön, containing many species of birds, is located within the park.<ref name="StoreMosse">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Tiveden National Park | Template:Sort and Västra Götaland counties | Template:Sort | 1983 | Tiveden National Park is a part of the large Tiveden forest. The park is situated in the most inaccessible part of the forest. The landscape is mountainous and stony.<ref name="Tiveden">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Template:Sort | Dalarna County | Template:Sort | 1930 | Töfsingdalen National Park consists of two mountain ridges separated by a valley covered with fields and virgin forest.<ref name="Töfsingdalen">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Tresticklan National Park | Västra Götaland County | Template:Sort | 1996 | This park contains a rift valley landscape and is one of the few remaining areas of pristine forest in southern Scandinavia.<ref name="Tresticklan">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Tyresta National Park | Stockholm County | Template:Sort | 1993 | Tyresta is a gorge landscape with stony slopes. The park, covered with pine forest, is one of the largest virgin forests in Sweden.<ref name="Tyresta">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Vadvetjåkka National Park | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 1920 | Located in a mountain region north-west of Lake Torneträsk, Vadvetjåkka National Park is the northernmost national park in Sweden. The park is named after Vadvetjåkka Mountain, which is located within the park.<ref name="Vadvetjåkka">Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Coord |
Future national parks
[edit]In 2008, after investigations and interviews with the participating counties, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency laid down a plan to establish 13 new national parks in the near future. According to the plan, seven of the parks will be established between 2009 and 2013, the first being Kosterhavet National Park which was inaugurated in September 2009. It is currently unknown when the six remaining parks will be established.<ref name="förslag2">Template:Cite news</ref>
Name | Location<ref name="förslag">Template:Cite news</ref> | Area<ref name="förslag"/> | Date of establishment<ref name="förslag"/> |
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Template:Sort | Gotland County | Template:Sort | 2009–2013 |
Blaikfjället National Park | Västerbotten County | Template:Sort | 2009–2013 |
Kebnekaise National Park | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 2009–2013 |
Tavvavuoma National Park | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | 2009–2013 |
Vålådalen-Sylarna National Park | Jämtland County | Template:Sort | 2009–2013 |
Nämdöskärgården National Park | Stockholm County | Template:Sort | TBA |
Koppången National Park | Dalarna County | Template:Sort | TBA |
Reivo National Park | Norrbotten County | Template:Sort | TBA |
Rogen-Juttulslätten National Park | Dalarna County and Jämtland County | Template:Sort | TBA |
Sankt Anna National Park | Östergötland County | Template:Sort | TBA |
Vindelfjällen National Park | Västerbotten County | Template:Sort | TBA |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Template:National parks of Sweden Template:Sweden topics Template:Europe in topic Template:Portal bar