1529

April 22: The Treaty of Zaragoza is signed, dividing the Portuguese and Spanish Empires

Year 1529 (MDXXIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–March

January 6 – Basarab VI is installed as the new Prince of Wallachia (now in Romania) in the capital at Târgoviște, days after the assassination of the Voivode Radu of Afumați by the other boyars (Wallachian nobles).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Basarab's reign lasts only a month and he is removed on February 5.
January 8 – Zhang Qijie becomes the most powerful woman in Ming dynasty China as the primary wife of the Jiajing Emperor, shortly after the death of the Empress Xiaojiesu.<ref>"Zhang Qijie", in Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644, ed. by L. Carrington Goodrich and Fang Chaoying (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976) p. 1751 Template:ISBN</ref>
January 20 – In India, the Mughal Emperor Babur departs from the capital at Agra toward Ghazipur to fight the Rajputs and the rebel Afghans who had captured the city.
January 28 – Peter Vannes, the Italian-born envoy for England's King Henry VIII, arrives in Rome on a mission to get Pope Clement VII to give a dispensation for King Henry to divorce one wife and marry another, with both marriages to be declared valid. The mission fails.
February 2 – The Örebro Synod provides the theological foundation of the Swedish Reformation, following the economic foundation of it, after the Reduction of Gustav I of Sweden.<ref>Carl Alfred Cornelius: Svenska kyrkans historia efter reformationen, förra delen (1520-1693), 1886-87</ref>
March 9 – The Battle of Shimbra Kure is fought in Ethiopia as the Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, with 12,000 men, including special forces armed with matchlock firearms, defeats the 200,000 man army of the Emperor Dawit II.<ref>Sihab ad-Din Ahmad bin 'Abd al-Qader, Futuh al-Habasa: The conquest of Ethiopia, translated by Paul Lester Stenhouse with annotations by Richard Pankhurst (Hollywood: Tsehai, 2003) p.86</ref>
March 25 – A blood libel is carried out against the Jewish community of Bosen in Hungary (now Pezinok in Slovakia), on the first day of Passover, after a boy in the town disappears. Three Jews are accused and killed. The boy is later discovered alive, having been kidnapped for the benefit of the scheme.

April–June

April 8 – The Flensburg Disputation is held, a debate attended by Stadtholder Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (later King Christian III of Denmark), between Lutherans (led by Hermann Fast) and the more radical Anabaptists (led by Melchior Hoffman). Johannes Bugenhagen, a close associate of Martin Luther, presides. The Disputation marks the rejection of radical ideas by the Danish Reformation.<ref>Collins, WE (1903) The Scandinavian North, in AW Ward, GW Prothero & Stanley Leathes (eds.) The Cambridge Modern History. Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 599-638.</ref>
April 9 – The Westrogothian rebellion breaks out in Sweden.
April 19 – Diet of Speyer: A group of rulers (German: Fürst) and independent cities (German: Reichsstadt) protest the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms, beginning the Protestant movement.
April 22 – The Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern hemisphere between the Spanish and Portuguese empires, stipulating that the dividing line should lie 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
May 10 – The Ottoman army under Suleiman I leaves Constantinople, to invade Hungary once again.
May 31–July – Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, Archbishop of York, opens a legatine court at Blackfriars, London, to rule on the legality of King Henry VIII of England's marriage to Catherine of Aragon.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The court lasts until July 16.<ref>"Anne Boleyn: Traditionalist and Reformer", by Chloe Fairbanks and Samuel Lane, in Tudor and Stuart Consorts: Power, Influence, and Dynasty, ed. by Aidan Norrie and Joseph Massey (Springer International, 2022) p.64</ref><ref name=CBH>Template:Cite book</ref>
June 21 –
- War of the League of Cognac – Battle of Landriano: French forces in northern Italy are decisively defeated by Spain.
- King Henry VIII and Queen consort Catherine of Aragon appear in person before the Blackfriars court, with Catherine making a pathetic display before the court and her husband, and the king making a speech about his uneasiness about his marriage.<ref name=GGP>G. G. Perry, A History of the English Church: Second period: From the accession of Henry VIII to the silencing of convocation in the 18th century, 1509-1717 (John Murray, 1900) p.48-49</ref>

July–September

July 23 – The Blackfriars court is adjourned after word is received that Pope Clement VII has revoked its charter.<ref name=GGP/>
July 30 – The only continental outbreak of English sweating sickness reaches Lübeck, spreading from there into Schleswig-Holstein in the next few months.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
August 5 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and Francis I of France sign the Treaty of Cambrai, or Ladies' Peace in the War of the League of Cognac: Francis abandons his claims in Italy, but is allowed to retain the Duchy of Burgundy. Henry VIII of England accedes on August 27.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">Template:Cite book</ref>
September 1 – Sancti Spiritu, the first European settlement in Argentina, is destroyed by local natives.
September 8
- Buda is recaptured by the invading forces of the Ottoman Empire.
- The city of Maracaibo, Venezuela is founded by Ambrosius Ehinger.
September 27 – Vienna is besieged by the Ottoman Turks commanded by Suleiman the Magnificent.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

October–December

October 15 – With the season growing late, Suleiman abandons the Siege of Vienna (a turning point in the Ottoman wars in Europe).
October 26 – Cardinal Wolsey falls from power in England, due to his failure to obtain an annulment of Henry VIII's marriage and to prevent Habsburg expansion in Europe. Thomas More succeeds him as Lord Chancellor.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
November 4 – The English Reformation Parliament is first seated.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
December 17 – The first session of the Reformation Parliament ends.