1222

Template:Use mdy dates Template:About year Template:Year nav Template:C13 year in topicYear 1222 (MCCXXII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Asia

• The Ghurid dynasty capital of Firozkoh (in modern-day Afghanistan) is destroyed, by Mongol Emperor Ögedei Khan.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

• After the invasion and destruction of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1221, Genghis Khan returns to Mongolia, and a rebellion sparks in Helmand, to which the response is a large army led by Ögedei Khan sent into the region to put an end to the rebellion of Muhammad the Marghani, resulting in the killing of every man in Ghazni and Helmand, and the enslavement and selling of most of the women of the region.

• Genghis Khan’s armies were said to have killed approximately 1.6 million people in the city of Herat, in Northwestern Afghanistan.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Mesoamerica

• Chiconquiauhtzin becomes Ruler of the City-state Azcapotzalco at the Valley of Mexico<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Europe

• April 17 – Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury in England, opens a council at Osney Abbey, Oxford.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• May 9 – Synod of Oxford - The 1222 Christian Synod of Oxford passed anti-Semitic laws that forbade social interactions between Jews and Christians, placed a specific tithe on Jews and required them to wear an identifying badge.<ref>The 1222 Christian Synod of Oxford passed laws that forbade social interactions between Jews and Christians. placed a specific tithe on Jews and required them to wear an identifying badge.</ref><ref name="i24N_2022">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="IT_2022">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="IIS_2022">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="DpC_2022">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="TJC_2022">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="DoO_2022">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="OJH_2022">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="TOI_2022">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="TN-2022">Template:Cite news</ref>
• May 11 – 1222 Cyprus earthquake.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August – After the death of John I of Sweden on March 10, 6-year-old Erik Eriksson is elected new King of Sweden (sometime between this time and July 1223).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• December 15 – The Golden Bull of 1222 is issued in Hungary, limiting the power of the monarchy over the nobility.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• December 25 – The 1222 Brescia earthquake is so powerful that the inhabitants of Brescia leave their city en masse and camp outside so that falling buildings would not crush them, according to chronicler Salimbene de Adam.<ref name="Salimbene">Salimbene de Adam, Chronicle of Salimbene de Adam.</ref>
• Livonian Crusade – The Danish fail in their attempt to conquer Saaremaa Island from the Estonians.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Ottokar I of Bohemia reunites Bohemia and Moravia.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• The Cistercian convent in Alcobaça, Portugal, is completed.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Approximate date – The Royal Standard of Scotland is adopted.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Traditional date – The University of Padua is founded in Italy, by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Births

• February 16 – Nichiren, founder of Nichiren Buddhism (d. 1282)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 4 – Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (d. 1262)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Queen Jeongsun (Wonjong) of Korea (d. 1237)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Deaths

• February 1 – Alexios Megas Komnenos, first Emperor of Trebizond<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• March 10 – Johan Sverkersson, king of Sweden since 1216 (b. 1201)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• June 23 – Constance of Aragon, Holy Roman Empress, queen consort of Hungary (b. 1179)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 2 – Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse (b. 1156)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 12 – Vladislaus III, Duke of Bohemia<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Theodore I Lascaris, founder of the Byzantine Empire of Nicaea<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>