1619

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File:Decapitation of Johan van Oldenbarnevelt - Onthoofding van Oldenbarnevelt (Iustitie aen Ian van Oldenbarnevelt geschiet)(1619, Claes Jansz. Visscher).jpg

May 13: Grand pensionary Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague

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Events

January– March

January 12 – James I of England's Banqueting House, Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire.<ref name=Fires>"Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p. 29</ref> Inigo Jones is commissioned to design a replacement.
February 14 – Earthquake flattens the town of Trujillo, Peru, killing hundreds in the town and causing landslides in the surrounding countryside killing hundreds more.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
March 20 – Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor dies, leaving the Holy Roman Empire without an official leader, to deal with the Bohemian Revolt.

April–June

April 18 – Battle of Sarhu: Manchu leader Nurhaci is victorious over the Ming forces.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
May 8 – The Synod of Dort has its final meeting.
May 13
- Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague, after having been convicted of treason.
- Anne of Denmark, queen consort of England, is buried at Westminster Abbey.<ref>Jemma Field, Anna of Denmark: The material and visual culture of the Stuart courts, 1589-1619 (Manchester, 2020), p. 202.</ref>
May 30 – Jan Pieterszoon Coen, Governor General of the Dutch East Indies, conquers Jayakarta, and renames it Batavia.
June 10 – Thirty Years' War – Battle of Sablat: Protestant forces are defeated.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
June 21 – Dulwich College founded by Edward Alleyn, in Dulwich, London.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

July–September

July 30 – In Jamestown, Virginia, the first English-speaking representative assembly in the Americas, the Virginia General Assembly (later named House of Burgesses), convenes for the first time.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
August 5 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Věstonice – Bohemian forces defeat the Austrians.
August 10 – The Treaty of Angoulême ends the civil war between Louis XIII of France and his mother, Marie de' Medici.
August 20 – A group "twenty and odd" enslaved Africans, onboard the privateer ship White Lion (the first in the state of Virginia), are landed at Point Comfort in colonial Virginia.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>"The First Africans". Jamestowne Rediscovery. Historic Jamestowne. Retrieved August 18, 2019.</ref>
August 26 – Frederick V of the Palatinate is elected King of Bohemia by the states of the Bohemian Confederacy.
August 28 – Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria and King of Bohemia, is elected Holy Roman Emperor unanimously by the prince-electors.
September 5 – In the course of a revolt against the Habsburg Empire, Prince Gabriel Bethlen of Transylvania (now in Romania) conquers Kassa (now Košice in Slovakia) with the help of George I Rákóczi.
September 7 – Gaj Singh Rathore becomes the new Raja of Marwar (within the Mughal Empire) at Jodhpur in what is now the Indian state of Rajasthan, succeeding his father, Sur Singh.
September 9 – The coronation of Ferdinand II takes place in Vienna.
September 18 (7 Thout 1336 on the Coptic calendar) – Abba Yoannis El-Mallawany of Egypt becomes the new head of the Coptic Christian Church as Pope John XV of Alexandria succeeding the late Pope Mark V, who died on September 11.

October–December

October 8 – Thirty Years' War – The Treaty of Munich is signed by Ferdinand II and Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
November 10 – While stationed along the Danube river with Bavarian troops, René Descartes, according to his biographer Adrien Baillet, has a series of dreams giving him the idea of applying the mathematical method to philosophy.
November 16 – William Parker School, Hastings, England, is founded by the will of Reverend William Parker.
November 23 – Thirty Years' War– Battle of Humenné: Polish Lisowczycy troops assist the Holy Roman Emperor by defeating a Transylvanian force, forcing Gabor Bethlen to raise his siege of Vienna.
December 4 – Thirty-eight colonists from England disembark in Berkeley Hundred, Virginia from the Margaret of Bristol and have a day of celebration to give thanks to God, in what is considered by some historians to be the first Thanksgiving in the Americas.

Date unknown

Jahangir grants a British mission important commercial concessions at Surat, on the west coast of India.
Salé Rovers declare the port of Salé on the Barbary Coast to be the Republic of Salé, independent of the Sultan of Morocco, with the Dutch-born corsair Jan Janszoon as president.
The Danish–Dutch whaling settlement of Smeerenburg is founded in Svalbard.
An expedition in Sri Lanka, led by Filipe de Oliveira, deposes and executes the last Jaffna king (Cankili II), putting an end to the Jaffna Kingdom.
A Spanish expedition sails around Tierra del Fuego, mapping the coast and discovering the Diego Ramírez Islands.

Births

File:AnnaSophiaRheinQued.jpg

Anna Sophia I, Abbess of Quedlinburg

File:Jan van Riebeeck.jpg

Jan van Riebeeck

File:Carel van Savoyen - Self-portrait.jpg

Carel van Savoyen

File:Rijcklof.jpg

Rijcklof van Goens

File:Belliard - Anne Geneviève de Bourbon, Duchesse de Longueville.jpg

Anne Geneviève de Bourbon

January–March

January 10 – Philip Sidney, 3rd Earl of Leicester, English politician (d. 1698)
January 14
- Thomas Archer, English politician (d. 1685)
- Alexander von Spaen, German general (d. 1692)
January 17 – Johanna Elisabeth of Nassau-Hadamar, by marriage Princess of Anhalt-Harzgerode (d. 1647)
January 21
- Anders Bording, Danish writer (d. 1677)
- John Rashleigh, English politician (d. 1693)
January 24 – Yamazaki Ansai, Japanese philosopher (d. 1682)
January 30 – Michelangelo Ricci, Roman Catholic cardinal, mathematician (d. 1682)
February 1 – Robert Phelips, English politician (d. 1707)
February 2 – Walter Charleton, English natural philosopher (d. 1707)
February 9 – Queen Inseon, Korean royal consort (d. 1674)
February 15 – Tsugaru Nobuyoshi, Japanese daimyō (d. 1655)
February 24
- Robert Aske, merchant in the City of London (d. 1689)
- Charles Le Brun, French painter and art theorist (d. 1690)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
February 26 – Francesco Morosini, Doge of Venice from 1688 to 1694 (d. 1694)
February 28 – Giuseppe Felice Tosi, Italian composer (d. 1693)
March 2 – Marcantonio Giustinian, 107th Doge of Venice (d. 1688)
March 5 – Joseph Ames, English naval commander (d. 1695)
March 6 – Cyrano de Bergerac, French soldier and poet (d. 1655)
March 13 – Tobias Lohner, Austrian Jesuit theologian (d. 1697)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
March 15 – Jean Le Vacher, French Lazarist missionary and French consul (d. 1683)
March 20 – Georg Albrecht, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth-Kulmbach (d. 1666)
March 25 – Peter Mews, English Royalist theologian and bishop (d. 1706)
March 28 – Maurice, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz (1657–1681) (d. 1681)

April–June

April 2
- Onofrio Gabrieli, Italian painter (d. 1706)
- Anna Sophia I, Abbess of Quedlinburg, Dutch abbess (d. 1680)
April 11 – Abraham van der Hulst, Dutch admiral (d. 1666)
April 21 – Jan van Riebeeck, Dutch founder of Cape Town (d. 1677)
April 30 – Johannes Spilberg, Dutch painter (d. 1690)
May
- James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount of Stair, Scottish lawyer and statesman (d. 1695)
- André Félibien, French court historian (d. 1695)
- Andrew Ramsay, Lord Abbotshall, Scottish judge and politician (d. 1688)
May 20 – Abiezer Coppe, English "Ranter" and pamphleteer (d. 1672)
May 24 (bapt.) – Philips Wouwerman, Dutch painter (d. 1668)
May 26 – King Pye Min of Burma (d. 1672)
June 13 – Jan Victors, Dutch painter (d. 1676)
June 14 (bapt.) – Sir Jeffrey Hudson, English court dwarf (d. 1682)
June 24 – Rijcklof van Goens, Dutch colonial governor (d. 1682)

July–September

July 3 – Hyojong of Joseon, 17th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (1649–1659) (d. 1659)
July 13 – Birgitta Durell, Swedish industrialist (d. 1683)
July 27 – Sir Henry Felton, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (d. 1690)
August 5 – Thomas Hall, English politician (d. 1667)
August 6 – Barbara Strozzi, Italian singer and composer (d. 1677)
August 7 – Anna Catherine Constance Vasa, Polish princess, daughter of King Sigismund III Vasa (d. 1651)
August 15
- Francesco Maria Farnese, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1647)
- Hubertus Quellinus, Flemish artist (d. 1687)
August 21 – Sir John Borlase, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1672)
August 28
- Anne Geneviève de Bourbon, French princess who is remembered for her beauty and amours (d. 1679)
- Louis Thomassin, French bishop and theologian (d. 1695)
August 29 – Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of finance (d. 1683)
September 20 – Sophie Elisabeth Pentz, daughter of Christian IV of Denmark (d. 1657)
September 21 – Sir John Wray, 3rd Baronet, English politician (d. 1664)

October–December

October 8 – Philipp von Zesen, German poet (d. 1689)
October 10
- Josias Calmady, English Member of Parliament (d. 1683)
- Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg, German princess (d. 1680)
October 14 – Sir John Bright, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1688)
October 16 – Johann Friedrich König, German Lutheran theologian (d. 1664)
October 18 – Jean Armand de Maillé-Brézé, French admiral (d. 1646)
October 27 – Frederick Louis, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (d. 1681)
November 5 – Philips Koninck, Dutch painter (d. 1688)
November 7 – Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French writer known for his Historiettes (d. 1692)
November 14 – Thomas Howard, 3rd Earl of Berkshire, English politician, earl (d. 1706)
November 25 – Henry Mildmay, English politician (d. 1692)
December 10 – Thomas Dyke, English politician (d. 1669)
December 13 – Andrij Savka, Lemko bandit (d. 1661)
December 17 – Prince Rupert of the Rhine, Bohemian-born Royalist commander in the English Civil War (d. 1682)
December 28 – Antoine Furetière, French writer (d. 1688)
December 31
- John Fitzjames, English politician (d. 1670)
- Sylvester Maurus, Italian Jesuit theologian (d. 1687)

Date unknown

Donald Cargill, Scottish Covenanter (d. 1681)
Gu Mei, politically influential Chinese Gējì, poet and painter (d. 1664)
Samuel Collins, English doctor and author (d. 1670)
Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 8th Duke of Alburquerque, Spanish military officer and viceroy (d. 1676)
Willem Kalf, Dutch painter (d. 1693)
Kumazawa Banzan, Japanese philosopher (d. 1691)
Shalom Shabazi, Jewish Yemeni rabbi and poet (d. c. 1720)
Wang Fuzhi, Chinese philosopher (d. 1692)