Foreign relations of Hungary

Template:Short description Template:Politics of Hungary Hungary wields considerable influence in Central and Eastern Europe and is a middle power in international affairs.<ref name="Solomon">Solomon S (1997) South African Foreign Policy and Middle Power Leadership Template:Webarchive, ISS</ref><ref name="Higott-Cooper">Template:Cite journal</ref> The foreign policy of Hungary includes commitments to international development, international law, European integration, Atlantic co-operation and increased co-operation within the Global East.<ref name=":6" /> The Hungarian economy is fairly open and relies strongly on international trade.

Hungary has been a member of the United Nations since December 1955 and holds current membership with the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, the WTO, the World Bank, the AIIB and the IMF. Hungary took on the presidency of the Council of the European Union for half a year in 2011 and the next will be in 2024. In 2015, Hungary was the fifth largest OECD Non-DAC donor of development aid in the world, which represents 0.13% of its Gross National Income. In this regard, Hungary stands before Spain, Israel or Russia.

Hungary's capital city, Budapest is home to more than 100 embassies and foreign representative bodies.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary hosts the main and regional headquarters of many international organizations as well, including European Institute of Innovation and Technology, European Police College, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Centre for Democratic Transition, Institute of International Education, International Labour Organization, International Organization for Migration, International Red Cross, Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe, Danube Commission and even others.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

From 1989, Hungary's top foreign policy goal was achieving integration into Western economic and security organizations. It joined the Partnership for Peace program in 1994 and has actively supported the IFOR and SFOR missions in Bosnia. It also improved its often frosty neighborly relations by signing basic treaties with Ukraine, Slovakia, and Romania. These renounce all outstanding territorial claims and lay the foundation for constructive relations. However, the issue of ethnic Hungarian minority rights in Romania, Slovakia and Ukraine periodically causes bilateral tensions to flare up. Hungary since 1989 has signed all of the OSCE documents, and served as the OSCE's Chairman-in-Office in 1997. Hungary's record of implementing CSCE Helsinki Final Act provisions, including those on the reunification of divided families, remains among the best in Central and Eastern Europe.

Except for the short-lived neutrality declared by the anti-Soviet leader Imre Nagy in November 1956, Hungary's foreign policy generally followed the Soviet lead from 1947 to 1989. During the Communist period, Hungary maintained treaties of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance with the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Romania, and Bulgaria. It was one of the founding members of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact and Comecon, and it was the first country to withdraw from those organizations. After 1989, it began to orient more towards the West, joining NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004. In 2010, Hungary initiated its Eastern Opening Policy, marking a commitment to enhancing its relations with other nations within the Global East.<ref name=":6">Template:Cite web</ref>

File:Necasmeeting.jpg

Meeting of Visegrád Group leaders, plus Germany and France in 2013

File:BIMUN 2012 opening 1.jpg

United Nations conference in the assembly hall of House of Magnates in the Hungarian Parliament

Overview

As with any country, Hungarian security attitudes are shaped largely by history and geography. For Hungary, this is a history of more than 400 years of domination by great powers—the Ottomans, the Habsburg dynasty, the Germans during World War II, and the Soviets during the Cold War—and a geography of regional instability and separation from Hungarian minorities living in neighboring countries. Hungary's foreign policy priorities, largely consistent since 1990, represent a direct response to these factors. From 1990, Hungary's top foreign policy goal was achieving integration into Western economic and security organizations. Hungary joined the Partnership for Peace program in 1994 and has actively supported the IFOR and SFOR missions in Bosnia. The Horn government achieved Hungary's most important foreign policy successes of the post-communist era by securing invitations to join both NATO and the European Union in 1997. Hungary became a member of NATO in 1999,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and a member of the EU in 2004.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Hungary also has improved its often frosty neighborly relations by signing basic treaties with Romania, Slovakia, and Ukraine. These renounce all outstanding territorial claims and lay the foundation for constructive relations. However, the issue of ethnic Hungarian minority rights in Slovakia and Romania periodically causes bilateral tensions to flare up. Hungary was a signatory to the Helsinki Final Act in 1975, has signed all of the CSCE/OSCE follow-on documents since 1989, and served as the OSCE's Chairman-in-Office in 1997. Hungary's record of implementing CSCE Helsinki Final Act provisions, including those on the reunification of divided families, remains among the best in eastern Europe. Hungary has been a member of the United Nations since December 1955.

The Gabčíkovo - Nagymaros Dams project

This involves Hungary and Czechoslovakia, and was agreed on September 16, 1977 ("Budapest Treaty"). The treaty envisioned a cross-border barrage system between the towns Gabčíkovo, Czechoslovakia and Nagymaros, Hungary. After an intensive campaign, the project became widely hated as a symbol of the old communist regime. In 1989 the Hungarian government decided to suspend it. In its sentence from September 1997, the International Court of Justice stated that both sides breached their obligation and that the 1977 Budapest Treaty is still valid. In 1998 the Slovak government turned to the International Court, demanding the Nagymaros part to be built. The international dispute was partially solved in 2017.

On March 19, 2008, Hungary recognized Kosovo as an independent country.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Relations between Hungary and its Western partners have strained, because Orban's government has maintained relations with Russia despite sanctions against Russia after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Illicit drugs: Major trans-shipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and cannabis and transit point for South American cocaine destined for Western Europe; limited producer of precursor chemicals, particularly for amphetamines and methamphetamines

Refugee protection: The Hungarian border barrier was built in 2015, and Hungary was criticized by other European countries for using tear gas and water cannons on refugees of the Syrian Civil War as they were trying to pass the country.<ref>Hungary border crackdown, The Guardian 16 September 2015</ref><ref>Hungarian police spray tear gas water cannons at migrants, CBS News 16 September 2015</ref>

Since 2017, Hungary–Ukraine relations have rapidly deteriorated over the issue of the Hungarian minority in Ukraine.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>"Hungary-Ukraine relations hit new low over troop deployment Template:Webarchive". New Europe. 26 March 2018.</ref>

Hungary and Central Asia

File:Istanbul hosts 8th Summit of Cooperation Council of Turkic-Speaking States (2).jpg

Viktor Orbán at the 8th Summit of the Organization of Turkic States

A number of Hungarian anthropologists and linguists have long had an interest in the Turkic peoples, fueled by the eastern origin of the Hungarians' ancestors.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The Hungarian ethnomusicologist Bence Szabolcsi explained this motivation as follows: "Hungarians are the outermost branch leaning this way from age-old tree of the great Asian musical culture rooted in the souls of a variety of peoples living from China through Central Asia to the Black Sea".<ref>ipos, János Kazakh Folksongs from the Two Ends of the Steppe Template:Webarchive</ref>

Since the political transformation in 1990, Hungary has prioritized its diplomatic engagements with the Turkic world.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> in 2018, Hungary became an observer within the Organisation of Turkic States, underscoring a deepened engagement in regional cooperation.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Hungary maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of Hungary.svg
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Relations by region and country

Multilateral

Organization	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag		(See Hungary in the European Union) Hungary joined the European Union as a full member on 1 May 2004.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary in NATO) Hungary joined NATO as a full member on 12 March 1999.

Africa

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag		Cape Verde is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium. Hungary is accredited to Cape Verde from its embassy in Lisbon, Portugal<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and maintains an honorary consulate in Praia.<ref name="kormany.hu">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag		Ethiopia is accredited to Hungary from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland. Hungary has an embassy in Addis Ababa.
Template:Flag		(See Ghana–Hungary relations) Ghana is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Prague, Czech Republic. Hungary has an embassy in Accra.
Template:Flag		Guinea-Bissau is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Moscow, Russia. Hungary is accredited to Guinea-Bissau from its embassy in Lisbon, Portugal.<ref name="kormany.hu"/>
Template:Flag		Hungary is accredited to Mauritania from its embassy in Rabat, Morocco.<ref name="ReferenceA">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag		Hungary has an embassy in Rabat. Morocco has an embassy in Budapest. Latifa Akharbach, Morocco's under-secretary of Minister of Foreign Affairs visited Hungary in 2007.
Template:Flag		Hungary is represented in Uganda by its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya<ref name="ReferenceA"/> and an honorary consulate in Kampala.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Hungary is realizing the largest foreign development program in its history in Uganda.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Americas

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag		(See Argentina–Hungary relations) Argentina has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Buenos Aires.
Template:Flag		Belize does not have an accreditation to Hungary. Hungary does not have an accreditation to Belize.
Template:Flag	1927	(See Brazil–Hungary relations) Brazil has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
Template:Flag	1964	(See Canada–Hungary relations) Canada has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary has an embassy in Ottawa and a consulate-general in Toronto.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag	28 March 1973	(See Colombia–Hungary relations) Colombia has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Bogotá.
Template:Flag		Hungary is accredited to Dominica from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/>
Template:Flag	1925	(See Hungary–Mexico relations) Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1864, during the time of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Diplomatic relations were established between Hungary and Mexico in 1925 and were suspended in 1941. They were re-established on 14 May 1974. Hungary has an embassy in Mexico City.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Mexico has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag	1922	(See Hungary–United States relations) Normal bilateral relations between Hungary and the U.S. were resumed in December 1945 when a U.S. ambassador was appointed and the embassy was re-opened. Hungary has an embassy in Washington, D.C., and consulates-general in Los Angeles, Chicago and New York.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> United States has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Uruguay relations) Hungary is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina and has an embassy office in Montevideo. Uruguay is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.

Asia

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag	2022-12-02	(See Armenia–Hungary relations) On 31 August 2012, Armenia severed relations with Hungary following the extradition of Ramil Safarov.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 2 December 2022, Armenia and Hungary restored diplomatic relations.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> There are around 15,000 people of Armenian descent living in Hungary.
Template:Flag		(See Azerbaijan–Hungary relations) Azerbaijan has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Baku.
Template:Flag	1949-10-04	(See Hungary-China relations) China has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Beijing and consulates-general in Hong Kong and Shanghai. Officials from Hungary regularly visit China on trade missions, a factor that helped enable the buyout of distressed Hungarian chemical maker Borsodchem by the Chinese company Wanhua Industrial Group.<ref name=euromoney>Template:Cite news</ref>
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–India relations) Hungary has an embassy in New Delhi. India has an embassy in Budapest.
Template:Flag	1955	(See Hungary–Indonesia relations) Hungary has an embassy in Jakarta.<ref name="HuGov">Template:Cite web</ref> opened in Jakarta, the Indonesian capital, in 1957. Hungary has two honorary consuls in Indonesia, one in Bandung, West Java and another in Denpasar, Bali. A third consul will be opened in Surabaya, East Java.<ref name="HuGov"/> Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Hungary Template:Webarchive Indonesia has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and there is a commercial developmental center too.
Template:Flag	1939	(See Hungary–Iran relations) Since 1951, Hungary has an embassy in Tehran.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Iran has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary is committed to expand cooperation with the Islamic Republic of Iran.<ref>"Hungary calls for Iran ‘forceful return’ to world energy markets" ifpnews.com. Retrieved 23 September 2022.</ref>
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Kurdistan Region relations) Hungary has an embassy in Baghdad. Iraq has an embassy in Budapest. Between August 2003 and March 2005, Hungary had contributed to more than 300 soldiers to the Multinational force in Iraq.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Israel relations) Hungary has an embassy in Tel Aviv and 4 honorary consulates (in Eilat, Haifa, Jerusalem and Tel Aviv).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Israel has an embassy in Budapest and an honorary consulate in Szeged.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of the Union for the Mediterranean.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Japan relations) After World War II, both countries re-established diplomatic relations in August 1959. Hungary has an embassy in Tokyo and 2 honorary consulates (in Hamamatsu and Osaka).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Japan has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Hungary
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Kazakhstan relations) Hungary has an embassy in Astana and a consulate-general in Almaty. Kazakhstan has an embassy in Budapest.
Template:Flag	1969	(See Hungary–Malaysia relations) Hungary has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia has an embassy in Budapest. Malaysia Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Hungary Template:Webarchive Hungary–Malaysia relations on www.kln.gov.my
Template:Flag	1959-05-29	Hungary is accredited to Mongolia from its embassy in Beijing, China and though an honorary consulate in Ulaanbaatar. Mongolia has an embassy in Budapest. Mongolian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: list of bilateral treaties with Hungary (in Mongolian only)
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–North Korea relations) Relations between the two countries existed since the Korean War, but however have evolved into conflicts.
Template:Flag	1965-11-26	(See Hungary–Pakistan relations) Since 1970, Hungary has an embassy in Islamabad and an honorary consulate in Karachi.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Pakistan has an embassy in Budapest<ref>Pakistani embassy in Budapest Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	1988-11-23	(See Hungary–Palestine relations) Hungary has a representative office in Ramallah. Palestine has an embassy in Budapest.
Template:Flag	18 October 1990<ref name="Qatar" />	Hungary has an embassy in Doha<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Qatar has an embassy in Budapest<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 20 August 2023, President Katalin Novák welcomed Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani to an official visit in Hungary.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> During the visit, Qatar agreed to supply Hungary with LNG starting in 2027.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Template:Flag	1 February 1989<ref name="mofa.go.kr">Template:Cite web</ref>	(See Hungary–South Korea relations) The establishment of diplomatic relations between Hungary and the Republic of Korea began on 1 February 1989. Hungary and South Korea have good relations. Permanent missions between the two countries were announced during the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. The announcement made Hungary the first Eastern Bloc country to exchange ambassadors with South Korea. Hungary has a Working Holiday Program Agreement with South Korea. Hungarian embassy in Seoul.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> South Korean embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Hungary
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Sri Lanka relations) Sri Lanka has an embassy in Vienna, Austria that is accredited to Hungary<ref>Template:Cite web </ref> and has an honorary consulate in Budapest<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary maintains an honorary consulate in Colombo, Sri Lanka.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary contributed to relief after the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, and has since stepped up aid to Sri Lanka.<ref name=hunbilat>Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref>
Template:Flag	1973-10-24	Since 1978, Hungary has an embassy in Bangkok and an honorary consulate in Pattaya.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Since 1989, Thailand has an embassy in Budapest. Thailand has also a commercial office in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Turkey relations) File:İstanbul 5782.jpg Memorial to Hungarian freedom fighters of 1848–1849 at Protestant Cemetery in Şişli, Istanbul. Hungary has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate–general in Istanbul.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Turkey has an embassy in Budapest<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and an honorary consulate in Keszthely. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the OECD, the NATO, the OSCE and the WTO. Also, Hungary is an EU member and Turkey is a candidate. Hungary supports Turkey's accession negotiations to the EU, although negotiations have now been suspended. Hungary is also an observer nation in the Turkic Council. Both countries have historical ties dating back to the 16th century. Hungary hosts a number of Ottoman-era monuments in cities such as Budapest, Eger, and Pécs. Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Hungary
Template:Flag		Hungary has an embassy in Abu Dhabi. United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Budapest.
Template:Flag	1950-02-03	(See Hungary–Vietnam relations) Hungary has an embassy in Hanoi and an honorary consulate in Ho Chi Minh City.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Vietnam has an embassy in Budapest. Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Hungary

Europe

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag		(See Albania–Hungary relations) Austria-Hungary supported Albanian Declaration of Independence in 1912. Albania has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Tirana. Both countries are full members of NATO. Albania is an candidate and Hungary is an EU member.
Template:Flag		(See Austria–Hungary relations) Austrian-Hungarian relations are the neighborly relations between Austria and Hungary, two member states of the European Union. Both countries have a long common history since the ruling dynasty of Austria, the Habsburgs, inherited the Hungarian throne in the 16th century. Both have been part of the now-defunct Austro-Hungarian Monarchy from 1867 to 1918. The two countries established diplomatic relations in 1921, after their separation. Austria has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Vienna and a consulate-general in Innsbruck. Both countries are full members of the European Union.
Template:Flag		Belgium has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary has an embassy in Brussels and 2 honorary consulates (in Antwerp and Liège).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO. See also:Hungarians in Belgium and Belgians in Hungary
Template:Flag	1992-04-10	Hungary recognized Bosnia and Herzegovina's independence on April 9, 1992. Bosnia and Herzegovina has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Sarajevo.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Bosnia and Herzegovina is an candidate and Hungary is an EU member.
Template:Flag	1920	(See Bulgaria–Hungary relations) Bulgaria has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary has an embassy in Sofia and an honorary consulate in Varna.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		(See Croatia–Hungary relations) Croatia has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Zagreb. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		Cyprus has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Nicosia. Both countries are full members of the European Union.
Template:Flag		(See Czech Republic–Hungary relations) Czech Republic has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Prague. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		(See Denmark–Hungary relations) Denmark has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Copenhagen. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag	1924-02-24	(See Estonia–Hungary relations) Estonia has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Tallinn and two honorary consulates (in Tallinn and Tartu).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag	Template:Dts	(See Finland–Hungary relations) Hungary recognised Finland on August 23, 1920. Finland recognised Hungary on September 10, 1920. Finland broke off diplomatic relations on September 20, 1944. Diplomatic relations were re-established on May 20, 1947. Both national languages, Finnish and Hungarian, are Uralic languages, which has led to cultural exchange albeit at a much smaller scale compared to the third major Uralic-speaking country, Estonia. Finland has an embassy in Budapest and an honorary consulate in Pécs.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary has an embassy in Helsinki and four honorary consulates (in Turku, Mariehamn, Tampere and Joensuu).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		(See France–Hungary relations) France has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Paris. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		(See Germany–Hungary relations) Germany has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Berlin. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		(See Greece–Hungary relations) Greece has an embassy in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Athens. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag	1976	Since 1991, Hungary has an embassy in Dublin and 2 honorary consulates (in Athlone and Cork).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Since 1996, Ireland has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of the European Union and the Council of Europe. There are approximately 8,034 Hungarians living in Ireland.<ref name="CSO Emigration">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag		Hungary has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan, and 11 honorary consulates (in Bari, Bologna, Florence, Genoa, Naples, Palermo, Perugia, Trieste, Turin, Venice and Verona).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia (today Lombardy, Veneto, South Tyrol, Trentino and Friuli-Venezia Giulia in Italy) and Hungary were crownlands of the Austrian Empire. Italy has an embassy in Budapest and 3 honorary consulates (in Nyíregyháza, Pécs and Szeged).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Kosovo relations) Hungary recognized Kosovo on 19 March 2008.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary has an embassy in Pristina.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Kosovo has an embassy in Budapest.
Template:Flag	1921-07-21	Diplomatic relations between the two states were renewed on September 2, 1991. Hungary has an embassy and an honorary consulate in Riga.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Latvia has an embassy in Budapest. Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union. Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Hungary
Template:Flag		Hungary has an embassy in Vilnius and an honorary consulate in Kaunas.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Lithuania has an embassy and an honorary consulate in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union. Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign affairs: list of bilateral treaties with Hungary (in Lithuanian only) Template:Webarchive
Template:Flag		Hungary has an embassy in Luxembourg City. Luxembourg is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Vienna, Austria. Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, of the European Union and of NATO.
Template:Flag	1964	Hungary is accredited to Malta from its embassy in Rome, Italy and through an honorary consulate in Valletta. Malta is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Vienna, Austria and through an honorary consulate in Budapest. Both countries are full members of the European Union. Direction of the Hungarian representations in MaltaTemplate:Dead link Direction of the Maltese representations in HungaryTemplate:Dead link
Template:Flag		Hungary recognized Montenegro shortly after their declaration of independence. Hungary has an embassy in Podgorica. Montenegro has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hungary is an EU member and Montenegro is an candidate.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Netherlands relations) The Netherlands has an embassy in Budapest and an honorary consulate in Pécs.<ref>Dutch embassy in Budapest Template:Webarchive</ref> Hungary has an embassy in The Hague and six honorary consulates (in Amsterdam, Arnhem, Aerdenhout, Winsum, 's-Hertogenbosch, and Curaçao).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO. Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with HungaryTemplate:Dead link
Template:Flag		Hungary has an embassy in Skopje. North Macedonia has an embassy in Budapest. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and NATO. Hungary is an EU member and North Macedonia is an candidate.
Template:Flag	1920	Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1920, but diplomatic representations were set up only in 1947–1948. Hungary has an embassy in Oslo and 2 honorary consulates (in Stavanger and Sarpsborg).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Norway has an embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries are full members of NATO.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary-Poland relations) Hungary has an embassy in Warsaw, a consulate-general in Kraków and a vice-consulate in Wrocław. Poland has an embassy in Budapest. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag	1974-07-01	Hungary has an embassy in Lisbon and 3 honorary consulates (in Funchal, Porto and Tavira).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Portugal has an embassy in Budapest. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag	1920	(See Hungary–Romania relations) Relations between the two states date back from the Middle Ages. Until the end of World War I, Transylvania, Banat, Crişana and Maramureş were part of the Kingdom of Hungary, after the war they became part of the Romanian territory. Hungary has an embassy in Bucharest, 2 general consulates in Miercurea Ciuc and Cluj, and 4 honorary consulates in Iași, Constanța, Drobeta-Turnu Severin and Timișoara.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Romania has an embassy in Budapest and 2 general consulates in Gyula and Szeged. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Russia relations) Hungary has an embassy in Moscow and two consulate-generals (in Saint Petersburg and Yekaterinburg). Russia has an embassy in Budapest and a consulate-general in Debrecen. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Both countries legalized homosexuality while opposing same-sex marriages, and outlawed LGBT propaganda towards minors since 2013 (Russia) and 2021 (Hungary) respectively.
Template:Flag	1882-11-21	(See Hungary–Serbia relations) Hungary has an embassy in Belgrade and a general consulate in Subotica. Serbia has an embassy in Budapest and an honorary consulate in Szeged. Hungary is an EU member and Serbia is an candidate.
Template:Flag	1993	(See Hungary–Slovakia relations) Before 1920, the territory which called Slovakia today was an integral part of the Kingdom of Hungary Hungary has an embassy in Bratislava. Slovakia has an embassy Budapest and a general consulate in Békéscsaba. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Slovenia relations) Both countries have an ethnic minority from the other state: in Hungary there are around 3,000 Ethnic Slovenes, and in Slovenia there are around 7,713 Ethnic Hungarians. Hungary has an embassy in Ljubljana.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Slovenia has an embassy in Budapest and a general consulate in Szentgotthárd.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The countries share 102 km of common border. Both are full members of NATO, European Union and the Schengen Agreement. See also Hungarian Slovenes
Template:Flag	1938-01-13	(See Hungary–Spain relations) Hungary has an embassy in Madrid, a consulate-general in Barcelona and 5 honorary consulates (in Gijón, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife, and Valencia). Spain has an embassy in Budapest. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO. Spanish Ministry of Foreign Relations about the relation with Hungary (in Spanish only)
Template:Flag	1945-12-28	(See Hungary–Sweden relations) Hungary has an embassy in Stockholm. Sweden has an embassy in Budapest. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
Template:Flag		Hungary has an embassy in Bern and consulate in Geneva. Switzerland has an embassy in Budapest. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
Template:Flag		(See Hungary–Ukraine relations) Hungary has an embassy in Kyiv, a consulate general in Uzhhorod, a consulate in Berehove and an honorary consulate in Lviv.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Ukraine has an embassy in Budapest and a general consulate in Nyíregyháza. There are around 155,000 Hungarians in Ukraine who live in Ukraine, mostly in the Zakarpattia Oblast at the border with Hungary. Both countries share 103 km of common border. See also Hungarians in Ukraine Hungarian consulate in Berehove (in Hungarian and Ukrainian only) Template:Webarchive
Template:Flag	22 May 1921	(See Hungary–United Kingdom relations) Hungary established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 22 May 1921.<ref name="britain"/> Hungary maintains an embassy in London.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The United Kingdom is accredited to Hungary through its embassy in Budapest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Oceania

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Template:Flag	1972	Australia is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Vienna, Austria and maintains an honorary consulate in Budapest. Hungary has an embassy in Canberra, a consulate-general in Sydney and four honorary consulate (in Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne and Perth).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Hungary
Template:Flag		Hungary has an embassy in Wellington. New Zealand is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Rome, Italy and maintains an honorary consulate in Budapest.

Foreign criticism

In December 2010, the Fidesz government adopted a press and media law which threatens fines on media that engage in "unbalanced coverage".<ref name=ifla/> The law aroused criticism in the European Union as possibly "a direct threat to democracy".<ref name=ifla>‘The New Press and Media Act in Hungary’ (concerning the December 2010 law), by Kai Ekholm and Tarja Svärd-Ylilehto. ifla.org, 5 October 2012. Retrieved 14 May 2015.</ref>

In 2013, the government adopted a new constitution that modified several aspects of the institutional and legal framework in Hungary. These changes have been criticized by the Council of Europe, the European Union and Human Rights Watch as possibly undermining the rule of law and human rights protection.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See also

• List of diplomatic missions in Hungary
• List of diplomatic missions of Hungary
• Visa requirements for Hungarian citizens
• Nikola Gruevski former Prime Minister of Macedonia given asylum in 2018
• Marcin Romanowski Polish politician given asylum in 2024

Further reading

• Borhi, László, "In the Power Arena: U.S.-Hungarian Relations, 1942–1989," The Hungarian Quarterly (Budapest), 51 (Summer 2010), pp 67–81.
• Glant, Tibor, "Ninety Years of United States-Hungarian Relations," Eger Journal of American Studies, 13 (2012), pp 163–83.
• Hornyak, Arpad. Hungarian-Yugoslav Diplomatic Relations, 1918–1927 (East European Monographs, distributed by Columbia University Press; 2013) 426 pages.
• Niklasson, Tomas. "Regime stability and foreign policy change: interaction between domestic and foreign policy in Hungary 1956-1994" (PhD dissertation Lund University, 2006) online.
• Váli, Ferenc A, "The Foreign Policy of Hungary" in Kuhlman, James A (ed.), The Foreign Policies of Eastern Europe: Domestic and International Determinants (Sijthoff, Leyden, 1978).