1919 in literature

Template:Short description Template:Year nav topic5 Template:Use British English

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1919.

Events

February – Richmal Crompton's anarchic English schoolboy William Brown is introduced in the first published Just William story, "Rice-Mould", in Home magazine.
March 1 – October 15 – Publication runs of the American pulp magazine The Thrill Book are oriented towards the fantasy genre or science fiction. It includes the serialization of The Heads of Cerberus, written by Gertrude Barrows Bennett as Francis Stevens, with its early thematic use of an alternate time-track, or parallel worlds.
March – The diaries up to the end of 1917 from the English naturalist W. N. P. Barbellion (Bruce Frederick Cummings) are published as The Journal of a Disappointed Man in London by Chatto & Windus. This treats his resignation to the disease multiple sclerosis, of which he will die on October 22, aged 30, at Gerrards Cross.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
March 28 – Two paintings by E. E. Cummings appear in an exhibition of the New York Society of Independent Artists.
April 2 – Vladimir Nabokov leaves Russia with his family.
April 7 – The anarchist writers Gustav Landauer and Erich Mühsam play leading roles in creating the Bavarian Soviet Republic. They are later joined by the essayist and debt relief advocate Silvio Gesell. Taken over by the Communist Party of Germany, the republic is eventually crushed by the Freikorps; Landauer is killed in prison (May 2).<ref>Template:Cite book Template:Cite book Template:Cite book</ref> Combatants on the Freikorps side include Ernst Kantorowicz, later famous as a historian.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
April and October – The English writers Vera Brittain and Winifred Holtby return after war service to complete their degree courses at Somerville College, Oxford .<ref>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.</ref>
June – The Algonquin Round Table of writers, critics, actors and wits led by Alexander Woollcott first meets at the Algonquin Hotel in New York City.
July 29 – Alfred Harcourt and Donald Brace set up the publishing company Harcourt, Brace & Howe in New York City.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
August 29 – The State Library (Valsts Bibliotēka) of Latvia, predecessor of the National Library, is founded in Riga<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> based on the collection of its first chief librarian, Jānis Misiņš.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
October 28 – Arthur Ransome leaves Russia with his future wife Evgenia Petrovna Shelepina, previously Trotsky's secretary, carrying a diplomatic message for Estonia.
November – The literary monthly The London Mercury is launched with J. C. Squire as editor.
November 19 – An American expatriate, Sylvia Beach, opens the Shakespeare and Company bookstore in Paris.
November 29 – The Großes Schauspielhaus opens as a theater in Berlin, with an interior designed by Hans Poelzig. It begins with the director Max Reinhardt's production of the Oresteia.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
December – T. E. Lawrence loses most of the manuscript of Seven Pillars of Wisdom while changing trains at Reading in England en route from the Paris Peace Conference to Oxford.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
unknown dates
- The column "By the Way" and the pen name Beachcomber in the London newspaper the Daily Express are taken over by D. B. Wyndham Lewis as a humorous feature.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Singer House in Petrograd (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic) is allocated to the Petrograd State Publishing House, quickly becoming the city's largest bookstore. It will be known subsequently as Дом Книги (Dom knigi, "The House of Books").

New books

E. J. Brady – The House of the Winds
Uri Zvi Greenberg – In tsaytns roysh (In the tumult of the times, verse and prose)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Siegfried Sassoon – The War Poems of Siegfried Sassoon
August Stramm (killed in action 1915) – Tropfblut
Giuseppe Ungaretti
- Allegria di naufragi (The Joy of Shipwrecks)
- La guerra (The War)
Louis Untermeyer (ed.) – Modern American Poetry

Non-fiction

Henri Bergson – L'Energie spirituelle: essais et conférences (Spiritual Energy: Essays and Lectures)
Francis P. Duffy with Joyce Kilmer – Father Duffy's Story: A Tale of Humor and Heroism, Of Life and Death with the Fighting Sixty-Ninth
Johan Huizinga – The Waning of the Middle Ages (Herfsttij der Middeleeuwen)
William Inge – Outspoken Essays (first series)
John Maynard Keynes – The Economic Consequences of the Peace
Karl Kraus – Weltgericht (Last Judgment)
Dorothy Lawrence – Sapper Dorothy Lawrence: The Only English Woman Soldier (autobiography)
H. L. Mencken – The American Language
Arthur Ransome – Six Weeks in Russia 1919
John Reed – Ten Days That Shook the World
Carl Sandburg – The Chicago Race Riots, July 1919
Prof. William Strunk, Jr. – The Elements of Style
H. G. Wells – The Outline of History (publication of first installment, November 22)
Arthur Graeme West (killed on active service 1917) – The Diary of a Dead Officer
Frances Garnet Wolseley, 2nd Viscountess Wolseley – Gardens, their Form and Design

Births

January 1 – J. D. Salinger, American novelist (died 2010)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
January 7 – Robert Duncan, American poet (died 1988)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
January 10 – Ugo Sansonetti, Italian writer and masters athlete (died 2019)
January 20 – Silva Kaputikyan, Armenian poet (died 2006)
January 24 – Juan Eduardo Zúñiga, Spanish fiction writer, literary scholar and translator (died 2020)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
January 25 – Edwin Newman, American writer and journalist (died 2010)
January 29 – N. F. Simpson, English absurdist playwright (died 2011)
February 14 – Miroslav Zikmund, Czech adventurer, travel writer and film director (died 2021)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
March 18 – G. E. M. Anscombe, Irish-born English analytic philosopher (died 2001)
March 24
- Lawrence Ferlinghetti, American beat poet, writer, publisher, painter, socialist activist and bookseller (died 2021)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Robert Heilbroner, American economic philosopher (died 2005)
- Graciela Palau de Nemes, Cuban-born literary critic (died 2019)
April 15 – Emyr Humphreys, Welsh novelist and poet (died 2020)<ref>Template:Cite web Template:Cbignore</ref>
April 24 – Mihu Dragomir, Romanian poet, journalist and short story writer (died 1964)
May 7 – Robert H. Adleman, American novelist and historian (died 1995)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
May 16 – John Robinson, English Bible scholar, religious writer and bishop (died 1983)
May 17 – Merle Miller, American biographer and screenwriter (died 1986)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
June 6 – Helen Forrester (June Bhatia), English memoirist and novelist (died 2011)
June 8 – Władysław Siemaszko, Polish publicist, lawyer and writer<ref>Who is Who w Polsce. Wydanie II, 2003 r., page 3861. Hübners blaues Who is who. Template:ISBN</ref>
June 27 – Jaswant Singh Kanwal, Punjabi novelist (died 2020)
June 28 – Ion Dezideriu Sîrbu, Romanian philosopher, novelist and dramatist (died 1989)
July 9 – Denys Rhodes, Irish-born novelist (died 1981)
July 15 – Iris Murdoch, Irish-born novelist (died 1999)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
July 23
- Davis Grubb, American novelist and short story writer (died 1980)
- Héctor Germán Oesterheld, Argentine comic book writer (forced disappearance c.1977)
July 31 – Primo Levi, Italian novelist and memoirist (died 1987)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
August 1 – Stanley Middleton, English novelist (died 2009)
August 4 – Michel Déon, French writer (died 2016)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
August 31 – Amrita Pritam, Punjabi poet and novelist (died 2005)
September 13
- Mary Midgley, English philosopher (died 2018)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- George Weidenfeld, Viennese-born English publisher (died 2016)
September 23 – Tōta Kaneko, Japanese writer (died 2018)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
September 26 – Matilde Camus, Spanish poet (died 2012)
October 22 – Doris Lessing, Persian-born English novelist (died 2013)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
November 18 – Jocelyn Brando, American actress and writer (died 2005)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
November 23 – P. F. Strawson, English philosopher (died 2006)
November 26 – Frederik Pohl, American science fiction author (died 2013)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
November 29 – Frank Kermode, Manx-born literary critic (died 2010)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
December 6 – Paul de Man, Belgian-born literary critic (died 1983)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
December 17
- Charlotte Jay, Australian suspense writer (died 1996)
- Es'kia Mphahlele, South African writer (died 2008)

Deaths

January 2 – Eliza Putnam Heaton, American journalist and editor (born 1860)
January 4 – Matilda Betham-Edwards, English novelist, poet and travel writer (born 1836)
January 11 – Kazimierz Zalewski, Polish dramatist, critic and publisher (born 1849)
January 15 – Rosa Luxemburg, Polish-born German revolutionary socialist (assassinated, born 1871)
January 31 – Paul Lindau, German dramatist (born 1839)
February 24 – Mary Ann Maitland, Scottish-born Canadian author (born 1839)
February 26 – Anne Thackeray Ritchie, English novelist and essayist (born 1837)
May 2 – Gustav Landauer, German philosopher and revolutionary (murdered, born 1870)
May 6 – L. Frank Baum, children's writer (stroke, born 1856)
May 10 – Ferdinando Fontana, Italian journalist, dramatist, and poet (born 1850)
May 17 – Guido von List, Viennese poet, dramatist, and occultist (born 1848)
May 30 – Barbu Nemțeanu, Romanian poet and translator (tuberculosis, born 1887)
June 14 – Weedon Grossmith, English writer, actor and playwright (born 1854)
June 19 – Petre P. Carp, Romanian politician, polemicist, and translator (born 1837)
June 23 – Kolachalam Srinivasa Rao, Indian dramatist (born 1854)
July 8 – John Fox, Jr., American novelist and short story writer (pneumonia, born 1862)
August 6 – Ada Langworthy Collier, American author (born 1843)
August 10 – Cynthia Morgan St. John, American Wordsworthian, book collector, and author (pneumonia, born 1852)
August 11 – Andrew Carnegie, Scottish American industrialist and writer (pneumonia, born 1835)
September 12 – Leonid Andreyev, Russian dramatist, novelist and short-story writer (heart failure, born 1871)
October 22 – W. N. P. Barbellion (Bruce Frederick Cummings), English naturalist and diarist (multiple sclerosis, born 1889)
October 30 – Ella Wheeler Wilcox, American author and poet (born 1850)
November 3 – Abraham Valdelomar, Peruvian poet, essayist and dramatist (accidental fall, born 1888)
November 20 – Jane Lippitt Patterson, American writer and editor (born 1829)
December 19 – Alice Moore McComas, American author, editor, lecturer and reformer (born 1850)

Awards

James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction (first award): Hugh Walpole, The Secret City
James Tait Black Memorial Prize for biography (first award): Henry Festing Jones, Samuel Butler, Author of Erewhon (1835–1902) – A Memoir
Nobel Prize for Literature: Carl Spitteler
Prix Goncourt: Marcel Proust, A l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography: Henry Brooks Adams, The Education of Henry Adams
Pulitzer Prize for Drama: no award given
Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: Margaret Widdemer, Old Road to Paradise and Carl Sandburg, Corn Huskers
Pulitzer Prize for the Novel: Booth Tarkington, The Magnificent Ambersons

In literature

Opening of J. G. Farrell's novel Troubles (1970)

References

Template:Reflist

Template:Year in literature article categories

Events

New books

Fiction

Children and young people

Drama

Poetry

Non-fiction

Births

Deaths

Awards

In literature

References