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Belleville, Ontario

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Template:Infobox settlement

Belleville is a city in Ontario, Canada situated on the eastern end of Lake Ontario, located at the mouth of the Moira River and on the Bay of Quinte. Its population as of the 2021 Canadian census was 55,071 (Census Metropolitan Area population 111,184). It is the seat of Hastings County, but politically independent of it, and is the centre of the Bay of Quinte Region.

History

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File:Belleville, Ontario (1900).jpg
Front Street, 1900
File:HCM188 (Front Street Belleville Ontario 1972) (32697637021).jpg
Front Street, 1972
File:Belleville Armouries 2023-10-03 (01).jpg
Belleville Armoury is a recognized Federal Heritage building, listed in 1992 on the Register of the Government of Canada Heritage Buildings.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
File:Highway 401 - Belleville 2001.jpg
Flowerbed beside Highway 401 near Belleville

The settlement was first called Singleton's Creek after an early settler, George Singleton. Next it was called Meyer's Creek, after prominent settler and industrialist John Walden Meyers (1745–1821), one of the founders of Belleville. He built a sawmill and grist mill.<ref name="MalcomsPlaque">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> After an 1816 visit to the settlement by colonial administrator Sir Francis Gore and his wife, Lady Annabella Gore, it was renamed as Belleville in her honour.<ref name="MeyersPlaque">Template:Cite web</ref>

Henry Corby, who arrived in 1832 with his new wife Alma Williams (they had married before immigrating), settled in Belleville. He was a merchant, setting up a grocery store and other businesses. He founded the H. Corby Distillery, and promoted the municipality. He also represented it in Parliament.

Their son Henry Corby Jr. (Harry) took over the family business and continued to support the town: he donated funding to create the public library, helped develop the park at Massassaga Point, established the Corby Charitable Fund, helped raise funds to build the first bridge across the Bay of Quinte<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and donated the land and development of Corby Park.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1836 Belleville became an incorporated village.<ref name="beautifulbelleville.com">Template:Cite web</ref> By 1846, it had a population of 2040. Several stone buildings were soon constructed, including a jail and court house, as well as some of the seven churches. Transportation to other communities was by stagecoach and, in summer, by steamboat along the lake. Two weekly newspapers were published. The post office received mail daily. Several court and government offices were located here. In addition to tradesmen, there was some small industry, three cloth factories, a paper mill, two grist mills, three tanneries and two breweries. The seventeen taverns outnumbered the churches and most businesses.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The oldest surviving residence within the original boundaries, 67 South Front Street, was built by Alexander Oliphant Petrie in 1814.<ref>Gerry Boyce, Belleville: A Popular History. Dundurn. 2009. p. 68</ref>

With the completion of the Grand Trunk Railway in 1856, Belleville became an important railway junction. Added to a booming trade in lumber and successful farming in the area, the railway helped increase the commercial and industrial growth. Belleville was incorporated as a town in 1850.<ref name="ontarioplaques.com">Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1858 the iron bridge was completed over the Moira River at Bridge Street; it was the first iron bridge in Hastings County. By 1865, the population reached 6,000.<ref name="beautifulbelleville.com" /> Telephone service to 29 subscribers was in place by 1883; electricity became available in 1885 and in 1886, the town began to offer municipal water service. In 1870, Ontario's first school for the deaf was established in Belleville. Under Dr. Charles B. Coughlin, the school was recognized as making a significant contribution to special education. Originally called the Ontario Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, the facility was renamed as Ontario School for the Deaf. In 1974, it was renamed as the Sir James Whitney School.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Belleville's city hall operates in a building first constructed in 1873 to house the public market and administrative offices. It was designed in the High Victorian Gothic style and retains much of its original appearance.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1877, Belleville was legally incorporated as a city.<ref name="ontarioplaques.com" />

In 1998, the city was amalgamated with the surrounding Township of Thurlow to form an expanded City of Belleville as part of Ontario-wide municipal restructuring. The city also annexed portions of Quinte West to the west.

Late-20th-century franchises founded here include the Dixie Lee Fried Chicken chain in 1964 and, in 1978, Journey's End Corporation's economy, limited-service hotel chain.

Geography

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Belleville is located at the mouth of the Moira River on the Bay of Quinte in southeastern Ontario between the cities of Quinte West to the west and Napanee to the east.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> These cities are connected by both Ontario's Highway 2 and the Macdonald-Cartier Freeway (Highway 401); The city is also served by Highway 37, running north–south from Belleville towards Tweed to the east of the Moira River; and Highway 62 (once Highway 14 south of 401), northwards towards Madoc, and southward to Prince Edward County over the Bay Bridge.Template:Cn

Officially, Belleville is properly considered part of the Central Ontario region as it is located west of the St. Lawrence River's starting point, but the city is popularly considered part of Eastern Ontario as it shares the eastern region's area code 613 and K postal code.Template:Cn

Climate

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Belleville's climate has four distinct seasons. The city's traditional humid continental climate (Dfb) (hot summers, cold winters) is moderated by its location near Lake Ontario. The lake moderates temperature extremes, cooling hot summer days and warming cold days during the fall and winter.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Because of this, winter snowfall is somewhat limited due to the increased frequency of precipitation falling as rain during the winter months. In the summer months, severe thunderstorm activity is usually limited because of the non-favourable lake breeze conditions. The city, being located on the north shore of Lake Ontario, is also in an unfavourable location for lake effect snow. One notable exception, however, was in December 2010 when 14 cm of snow occurred in one day as a result of a snow band from Lake Ontario. The summer months do not typically experience exceedingly hot temperatures, however, humidity levels can make daytime highs uncomfortable. Summer rainfall is usually modest and delivered by passing thunderstorms or warm fronts. Remnants of tropical systems do pass through on occasion towards summer's end, resulting in one or two days of consistently wet weather. The winter season is highly variable, with the record setting winter of 2007–08 experiencing near 270 cm of snow. Four years later, the winter of 2011–12 experienced only 60 cm of snow. Winter temperatures are also highly variable, even in one season. Air masses change frequently, and while a few days may see above freezing temperatures at a time in January, the next week may bring cold and snowfall. Autumn is usually mild, with an increase in precipitation starting in late September as conditions for fall storms develop. The highest temperature ever recorded in Belleville was Template:Convert on 9 July 1936.<ref name="CCN" /> The coldest temperature ever recorded was Template:Convert on 9 February 1934.<ref name="CCN" />

Template:Weather box

Demographics

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Template:Historical populations

The 2021 Census by Statistics Canada found that Belleville had a population of Template:Val living in Template:Val of its Template:Val total private dwellings, a change of Template:Percentage from its 2016 population of Template:Val. With a land area of Template:Convert, it had a population density of Template:Pop density in 2021.<ref name=2021census>Template:Cite web</ref>

At the census metropolitan area (CMA) level in the 2021 census, the Belleville - Quinte West CMA had a population of Template:Val living in Template:Val of its Template:Val total private dwellings, a change of Template:Percentage from its 2016 population of Template:Val. With a land area of Template:Convert, it had a population density of Template:Pop density in 2021.<ref name=2021censusCMA>Template:Cite web</ref>

Belleville's population is mostly of European descent. The racial make up of Belleville is as of 2021 was 85.1% White, 5.6% Indigenous and 9.3% visible minorities.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref> The largest visible minority groups in Belleville are South Asian (3.9%), Black (1.3%), Filipino (0.9%) and Chinese (0.8%) .

89.7% of residents speak English as their mother tongue. Other common first languages are French (1.5%), Gujarati (0.7%), Punjabi (0.6%), Spanish (0.5%), and Chinese (0.5%). 1.1% list both English and a non-official language as mother tongues, while 0.4% list both English and French.

As of 2021, 53.4% of residents were Christian, down from 67.1% in 2011.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> 22.7% were Protestant, 19.8% Catholic, 6.0% Christians not otherwise specified, and 4.9% members of other Christian denominations or Christian-related traditions. 42.1% were non-religious or secular, up from 30.3% in 2011. The remaining 4.5% affiliated with another religion, up from 2.6% in 2011. The largest non-Christian religions were Hinduism (1.4%), Sikhism (1.0%) and Islam (0.8%).

Ethnic and Cultural origins (2021)<ref name=":0" /> Population Percent
English 16,515 30.7%
Irish 15,155 28.2%
Scottish 12,005 22.3%
Canadian 9,620 17.9%
French n.o.s 5,610 10.4%
German 5,220 9.7%
Dutch 3,180 5.9%
Caucasian (White) n.o.s+

European n.o.s

2,370 4.4%
British Isles n.o.s 2,225 4.1%
Italian 1,920 3.6%
First Nations (North American Indian) n.o.s.+

North American Indigenous, n.o.s.

1,595 3.0%
Indian (India) 1,430 2.7%
Welsh 1,265 2.4%
Polish 1,255 2.3%
Note: a person may report more than one ethnic origin.
File:Bridge Street United Church.JPG
Bridge Street United Church

Economy

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Template:Unreferenced section Some corporations operating in Belleville include the following:

Belleville is home to two shopping malls: The Bay View Mall in east-end Belleville and the Quinte Mall along Bell Boulevard (south of Highway 401) in North Belleville. In January 2017 a Shorelines Casino opened on Bell Boulevard.

Arts and culture

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Theatre

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Annual events

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Template:Unreferencedsection January

  • Civic Levee

February

  • Downtown Docfest

March

  • Quinte Sportsman Boat & RV Show

May

  • Quinte Trash Bash
  • 5k Fun Run
  • Front Street Farmers Market

June

  • Berrylicious
  • Rockfest
  • Quinte Ballet School of Canada Spring Showcase

July

  • Belleville's Canada D'Eh
  • Waterfront and Ethnic Festival
  • Belleville Poutine Feast
  • Quinte Ballet School of Canada Summer Dance Intensive

Belleville Jazz Festival

August

  • Quinte Ribfest
  • Dragon Boat Festival

September

  • Quinte Fall Fair and Exhibition
  • Porchfest Belleville

November

  • Belleville Festival of Trees
  • Belleville Nighttime Santa Claus Parade
  • Christmas at the Pier

December

  • Quinte Ballet School of Canada performs Holiday Dance - experts from "The Nutcracker"
  • Christmas at the Pier

Sports

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The Belleville Senators play in the American Hockey League (AHL) and began play in the 2017–18 season as the top minor league affiliate of the National Hockey League's Ottawa Senators.<ref name="CBC_BSens">Template:Cite news</ref> They play at the CAA Arena, formally Yardmen Arena, located on 265 Cannifton Road.

Belleville Bulls played in the Ontario Hockey League from 1981 to 2015. The team was then sold and relocated to Hamilton, Ontario. Belleville was also previously home to two senior hockey teams, the Belleville Macs and the Belleville McFarlands. Belleville is also home the Bay of Quinte Yacht Club, which challenged for the America's Cup in 1881. Belleville also sports minor hockey league teams such as the Belleville Bearcats (female) and the Belleville Jr. Bulls (male).

The Belleville McFarlands were a men's senior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey Association Senior division from 1956 to 1961. The McFarlands were Allan Cup champions in 1958, defeating the Kelowna Packers four games to three, and the World Championship in 1959. The team name was revived by a later team in the Eastern Ontario Senior Hockey League from 2003 to 2006, known as the Belleville Macs.

Shannonville Motorsport Park has hosted rounds of the Canadian Touring Car Championship, the Canadian Superbike Championship and the CASC Ontario Region championships.

Government

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File:City Hall, Belleville ON.jpg
Belleville City Hall, built in 1873

Local government is represented by Belleville City Council with a mayor and eight councillors. There are two city wards with Ward 1 (Belleville) represented by six councillors and Ward 2 (Thurlow) by two councillors. Ward 1 consists of the historic city and Ward 2 was created in 1998 with the amalgamation of Township of Thurlow. City Council sits at Belleville City Hall.

Police Service

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The city has had its own police force since 1834, and constables since 1790.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The force has about 100 sworn members headed by a Chief of Police and a Deputy Chief. The service is stationed out of one location only. Policing on provincial highways (37, 62 and 401) are provided by the Ontario Provincial Police from the Centre Hastings detachment.

Infrastructure

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File:VIA Rail train 57 arrives in Belleville 6138 (6997681427).jpg
A VIA Rail train arrives at Belleville station.

Transportation

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Belleville is serviced by the 401 highway system, and bus service to and from Toronto Pearson International Airport is provided by Megabus. Deseronto Transit provides public transportation services to destinations including Deseronto, Napanee, and Prince Edward County.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Belleville is located on the Toronto-Montreal main rail lines for both Canadian National Railway and Canadian Pacific Railway; both companies provide freight access. VIA Rail also operates five daily passenger services each way along its Quebec City–Windsor Corridor.

Major routes

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Hospital

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Belleville General Hospital is located near Highway 2 and is Belleville's main healthcare facility. The hospital is one of the four hospitals in the region under Quinte Health Care. The corporate headquarters of Quinte Health Care is located in the Belleville location.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Education

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Post-secondary

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File:Loyalist College Kente Building 09-22-23 (IMG 4407).jpg
Front entrance of Loyalist College, 2023

The Academy of Learning College is a local college located on the east end of Belleville.

Loyalist College is a local public community college located on the border of Belleville and Quinte West on Wallbridge Loyalist Road.

Public schools

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The public school system is served by the Hastings & Prince Edward District School Board. The Catholic School system is served by the Algonquin and Lakeshore Catholic District School Board.

Secondary schools:

Elementary schools:

  • Susanna Moodie Elementary School
  • Parkdale Public Elementary School
  • Easthill Elementary School
  • Prince of Wales Elementary School
  • Harry J. Clarke Elementary School (Offers French immersion)
  • Sir John A Macdonald School
  • Prince Charles Elementary School
  • Foxboro Public School
  • Bayside Elementary School (Offers French immersion}
  • Harmony Public School

Catholic schools

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The following are Belleville area schools managed by the Algonquin and Lakeshore Catholic District School Board.

Secondary schools:

Elementary schools:

  • Our Lady of Fatima Catholic School
  • St Michael's Catholic School (French immersion)
  • St Joseph's Catholic School
  • Georges Vanier Catholic School
  • Holy Rosary Catholic School
  • Saint Maracle Catholic School

Provincial demonstration schools

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Private and Independent schools

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  • Albert College (independent school for Pre-Kindergarten to Grade 12)
  • Academy of Learning College
  • Quinte Ballet School of Canada
  • Quinte Christian High School
  • Belleville Christian School
  • Belleville Montessori School

Media

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Print

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Radio

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Frequency Call sign Branding Format Owner Notes
AM 800 CJBQ CJBQ 800 Full service Quinte Broadcasting
FM 90.3 CBO-FM-1 CBC Radio One Talk radio, public radio Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Rebroadcaster of CBO-FM (Ottawa) <ref>Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2021-176</ref>
FM 91.3 CJLX-FM 91X Campus radio Loyalist College
FM 94.3 CJBC-1-FM Ici Radio-Canada Première Talk radio, public radio Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Rebroadcaster of CJBC (Toronto)
FM 95.5 CJOJ-FM Hits 95.5 Adult hits Starboard Communications
FM 97.1 CIGL-FM Mix 97 Hot adult contemporary Quinte Broadcasting
FM 100.1 CHCQ-FM Cool 100.1 Country music Starboard Communications
FM 102.3 CKJJ-FM UCB Radio Christian radio United Christian Broadcasters Canada
FM 107.1 CJTN-FM Rock 107 Classic rock Quinte Broadcasting

Television

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OTA virtual channel (PSIP) OTA actual channel Call sign Network Notes
22.1 22 (UHF) CICO-DT-53 TVOntario Rebroadcaster of CICA-DT (Toronto)
OTA virtual channel (PSIP) OTA actual channel Call sign Network Notes
4 & 700 4 (Cable TV only) YourTV Quinte YourTV Part of Cogeco Community TV

Internet

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  • Quinte News
  • QNet News
  • InQuinte.ca

Sister cities

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The City of Belleville has three sister city arrangements with communities outside of Canada which include:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Notable people

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See also

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Notes

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Template:Notelist

References

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Template:Reflist

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Template:Commons category Template:Wikivoyage

Template:Geographic location Template:Subdivisions of Ontario Template:Hastings County Template:Authority control

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