Harstad Municipality
Template:Short description Template:About Template:Infobox kommune
Template:Native name (Norwegian, Template:IPA) or Template:Native name<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="sami name" /> is the second-most populated municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is mostly located on the large island of Hinnøya. The municipal center is the town of Harstad, which is the most populous town in Central Hålogaland and the third-largest in all of Northern Norway.<ref>Municipality second largest in Troms county, by population</ref><ref>City second largest in Troms county; third largest in Northern Norway</ref> The town was incorporated in 1904. Villages in the municipality include Elgsnes, Fauskevåg, Gausvika, Grøtavær, Kasfjord, Lundenes, Nergården and Sørvika.
The Template:Convert municipality is the 225th largest by area out of Norway's 357 municipalities and the 49th most populous, with a population of 25,056. The municipality's population density is Template:Convert and the population has increased by 2.5% over the previous 10-year period.<ref name="ssb pop">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="ssb area">Template:Cite web</ref>
Geography
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The municipality is located on many islands in southern Troms county. Most of the municipality is located on the large island of Hinnøya, which is Norway's largest coastal island (three islands in the Svalbard archipelago are larger). The northern part of the municipality is located on the smaller islands of Grytøya, Bjarkøya, Sandsøya, Helløya, Flatøya and Krøttøya and many even smaller islands between the Andfjorden (to the west) and the Vågsfjorden (to the east). The municipality contains several small islands, including Arnøya, Gressholman, Helløya, Kjeøya, Kjøtta, Kjøttakalven, Flatøya, Meløyvær, Måga, Rogla, Lille Rogla and Åkerøya.
Harstad is bordered by Kvæfjord Municipality to the west. To the south and east, the Tjeldsund Bridge connects Hinnøya with Tjeldsund Municipality and the mainland across Tjeldsundet, and to the northeast is the Vågsfjorden, where Harstad shares a water border with Ibestad Municipality. The city of Harstad itself is located on the northeastern part of Hinnøya; it is the only city on the island, and is popularly known as Vågsfjordens perle (The pearl of Vågsfjorden).
The highest point in Harstad Municipality is Sætertinden, which is Template:Convert above sea level.<ref name="elev" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It is located near the village of Sandtorg in southern Harstad. The Template:Convert tall mountain, Nupen, is located in the northwestern part of the municipality on the border with Kvæfjord.
Climate and light
[edit]Despite being located north of the Arctic Circle, Harstad features either a dry-summer subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification: Dsc), or (barely, by only half a degree C)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> the rare cold-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csc), depending on if the Template:Convert or the Template:Convert isotherm is used. Harstad features relatively mild, wet winters and cool, dry summers. Harstad does not have the brutal winters most locations north of the Arctic Circle experience, and is sheltered from Atlantic gales by mountains in the west, and has the main part of the Scandinavian Mountains to the east. The city experiences warmer winters than major cities located 25 degrees farther south in latitude such as Beijing, Chicago and Toronto. Summers in Harstad are cool, with average high temperatures seldom breaking the Template:Convert mark. Since the weather station opened August 2002, July 2014 was the warmest month with mean Template:Convert, average daily high Template:Convert and all-time high Template:Convert on 10 July. The record low of Template:Convert was recorded in February 2010. The coldest month recorded was January 2003 with mean Template:Convert and average daily low Template:Convert. On 9. September 2024 Harstad recorded high Template:Convert, the warmest temperature in September recorded in Troms.
The municipality enjoys the midnight sun during the summer months, from 22 May to 18 July. There is also a period from early May to early August with twilight for a few hours each night as the sun just dips below the horizon, so there is no darkness. The polar night, when the sun is always below the horizon, lasts from 30 November to 12 January. At this time, there are 3–4 hours of dawn and dusk around noon, sometimes with colourful skies towards the south. From late January, the period of daylight rapidly increases, reaching 12 hours by March and 18 hours in April. Harstad is located in the midst of the aurora borealis (Template:Aka the northern lights) zone, and the aurora can often be seen on clear nights, but not in summer due to the continuous daylight.
History
[edit]Template:See also The town of Harstad was established as a municipality on 1 January 1904 when it was separated from the large Trondenes Municipality because it had just been declared a ladested (small seaport). The initial population of the town of Harstad was 1,246. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the town of Harstad (population: 3,808) was merged with neighboring Sandtorg Municipality (population: 7,512) and Trondenes Municipality (population: 6,567) to form a new, larger Harstad Municipality with a population of 17,882. Prior to the merger, the town of Harstad had 3,808 residents.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 1 January 2013, the neighboring Bjarkøy Municipality (to the north) was merged with Harstad, forming a new, larger Harstad Municipality.
On 1 January 2020, the municipality became part of the new Troms og Finnmark county which replaced the old Troms county. On 1 January 2024, the Troms og Finnmark county was divided and the municipality once again became part of Troms county.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In recent years, a 3000-year-old bronze axe<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and a 2600-year-old bronze collar<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> have been found at the Trondenes peninsula, just north of the city center. These, together with the burial cairns built close to the sea, are indications of a well-developed Bronze Age culture in the Harstad area.
There is also substantial archeological evidence of a well-developed Iron Age culture in the area, around 200 AD.
Trondenes is mentioned in the Heimskringla as a power centre in the Viking Age and a place to meet and discuss important issues (Trondarting). In 2020 archeologist concluded that Sandtorg, located along the Tjeldsundet strait, south of the town of Harstad, was the location of the only known Viking Age trading place in Northern Norway.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Tjeldsundet strait was very likely an important ship lane back then as it still is today.
Trondenes Church, the world's northernmost medieval church, which dates back to the 13th–15th century, is situated just outside the town.
Adjacent to the church is the Trondenes Historical Center and nearby is the Adolf Gun, an enormous land-based cannon from World War II, and the last of four cannons originally constructed by the Nazis. Harstad is one of the few towns in this part of Norway which were left largely undamaged by World War II.
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Sandtorg, where a trading place from the Viking age was located
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Harstad Kulturhus (culture house)
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Rikard Kaarbø was the founder of Harstad.
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Trondenes Church at Trondenes.
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Northern part of Harstad at night, early August. View towards north-west from Gangsåstoppen
Origin of the name
[edit]The municipality (and town) is named after the old Harstad farm (Template:Langx), since the town is built where the farm once was located.<ref name="OR" /> The first element is (probably) the genitive case of the male name Template:Lang. The last element is Template:Wikt-lang which means "homestead" or "farm".<ref name="OR">Template:Cite book</ref> On 6 February 2017, the municipality of Harstad adopted a co-equal Sami language name for the municipality: Hárstták. The Sami language name spelling changes depending on how it is used. It is called Template:Lang when it is spelled alone, but it is Template:Lang when using the Sami language equivalent to "Harstad municipality".<ref name="sami name">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Coat of arms
[edit]The coat of arms was granted on 24 April 1953. The official blazon is "Azure, two bars wavy argent" (Template:Langx). This means the arms have a blue field (background) and the charge is two wavy bars. The bars have a tincture of argent which means they are commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The blue color in the field symbolizes the importance of sea and the wavy bars were chosen to represent the waves in the sea. Since the town of Harstad is located in the municipality, a mural crown is typically shown above the shield. The arms were designed by Jardar Lunde in cooperation with Hallvard Træteberg.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Government
[edit]Harstad Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.<ref name="ks">Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Midtre Hålogaland District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
[edit]The municipal council Template:Lang of Harstad is made up of 35 representatives that are elected to four-year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.Template:Div col Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Kommunestyre table Template:Div col end
Mayors
[edit]The mayor (Template:Langx) of Harstad is the political leader of the municipality and the chairperson of the municipal council. Here is a list of people who have held this position:<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Div col
- 1904–1906: Hans Buck (H)
- 1914–1916: Karl Eystein Kvam (V)
- 1929–1932: Israel Wulff (Ap)
- 1932–1935: Nils J. Hunstad (H)
- 1935–1938: Hans Stordahl (Ap)
- 1938–1940: Nils J. Hunstad (H)
- 1941–1945: Hans Methi (NS)
- 1945–1945: Odd Gangnæs (NS)
- 1945–1945: Alf Haaland (V)
- 1945–1945: Nils J. Hunstad (H)
- 1946–1947: Sigurd Simensen (NKP)
- 1948–1952: Sigurd Torgersen (Ap)
- 1952–1964: Leif Bothner (H)
- 1964–1968: Bjarne Berg-Sæther (Ap)
- 1968–1969: Leif Arne Heløe (H)
- 1970–1977: Arnljot Norwich (H)
- 1978–1987: Johan Nordvik (H)
- 1987–1993: Kjell Joachimsen (H)
- 1993–1995: Britt S. Nordlund (H)
- 1995–1998: Helge Aune (Ap)
- 1998–2007: Halvar Hansen (Ap)
- 2007–2011: Helge Eriksen (H)
- 2011–2019: Marianne Bremnes (Ap)
- 2019–present: Kari-Anne Opsal (Ap)
Economy
[edit]The oil industry of North Norway is centered in Harstad; including Statoil's main office for a new operational area for Northern Norway,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> the DNV office for Northern Norway,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> as well as other regional offices including TotalEnergies,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Det Norske Oljeselskap ASA<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Aibel.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Harstad also has shipyards and other industries that are important for the economy. Harstad and the surrounding area have traditionally been among the most productive agricultural regions in Northern Norway,.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The old seabed, now dry land due to isostatic rebound (up to Template:Convert above sea level), creating fertile soil that is well-suited for farming.<ref>[1] Template:Bare URL PDF</ref>
Institutions and culture
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The city hosts the annual week-long Festival of North Norway in June.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It is also the home of the Arctic Moving Image and Film Festival, held in October each year.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Harstad University College, with approximately 1,100 students,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> has a thriving foreign exchange program with students from all over the world. The hospital in Harstad is part of the University Hospital of North Norway.
The most successful local football team is Harstad Idrettslag (a.k.a. HIL),<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and the most successful basketball team is the Harstad Vikings.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Harstad is home port for the Anna Rogde, the world's oldest sailing schooner, also known as the sailing queen of Norway.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Harstad Camping is a campsite located in the municipality.
Churches
[edit]The Church of Norway has five parishes (Template:Lang) within Harstad Municipality. It is part of the Trondenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland.
| Parish (Template:Lang) | Church name | Location of the church | Year built |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bjarkøy og Sandsøy | Bjarkøy Church | Nergården | 1766 |
| Sandsøy Church | Sandsøya | 1888 | |
| Grytøy | Grøtavær Church | Grøtavær | 1915 |
| Lundenes Church | Lundenes | 1974 | |
| Harstad | Harstad Church | Harstad | 1958 |
| Kanebogen | Kanebogen Church | Kanebogen | 1999 |
| Sandtorg | Gausvik Church | Gausvika | 1979 |
| Sandtorg Church | Sørvika | 1932 | |
| Trondenes | Trondenes Church | Trondenes | 15th century |
| Elgsnes Chapel | Elgsnes | 1985 |
Military connections
[edit]Harstad traditionally has strong ties with the Norwegian Armed Forces. Kystjegerkommandoen (Coastal Ranger Command) has its home base at Trondenes, just north of the town of Harstad. Marinejegerkommandoen is based in Ramsund, a village in neighboring Tjeldsund Municipality on the mainland south of Harstad. General Carl Gustav Fleischer led the field operations of the Norwegian Armed Forces in World War II, among them the 7,500 soldiers which from the north pushed the Nazi Germans back to Narvik and participated in retaking Narvik on 28 May 1940. A street in Harstad is named Gen. Fleischers Gate in his honour.
Operation Judgement took place on 4 May 1945, when the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy attacked a U-boat base at Kilbotn, a village in the Harstad district, sinking two ships and a U-boat.
Harstad is also the hometown of the Norwegian army band "Forsvarets Musikkorps Nord Norge" with professional musicians.
Transportation
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The local airport is Harstad/Narvik Airport, Evenes, located on the mainland in neighboring Evenes Municipality. It is Template:Convert by road from the town center. The airport offers daily flights to Oslo, Trondheim, Bodø, Tromsø and Andenes.<ref name="supersaver.no">Template:Cite web</ref>
Every morning a northbound and a southbound Hurtigruten ship stop in Harstad.<ref name="hurtigruten.com">Template:Cite web</ref>
High-speed craft regularly go between Harstad and Tromsø, Finnsnes, Senja and other places.<ref name="tromskortet.no">Template:Cite web</ref>
There are several ferries and buses in the district, and in Harstad there are local buses.<ref name="tromskortet.no" />
The leading helicopter company in Northern Norway, Heli-Team, is located in Harstad.<ref name="heliteam.no">Template:Cite web</ref>
Local areas
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- Villages north/west of the city
Alvestad, Aune, Elgsnes, Ervik, Grøtavær, Hagan, Kasfjord, Kilhus, Kjøtta, Lundenes, Mustaparta, Nergården, Røkenes, Steinnes, Stornes, Storvassbotn, Sørlia, Tennvassåsen, Tømmeråsen, Undlandet, Vika, and Årnes.
- City neighbourhoods
Bergseng, Blåbærhaugen, Breivika, City Center, Eineberget, Gangsås, Grønnebakkan, Harstadbotn, Harstadåsen, Heggen, Holtet, Kanebogen, Kilbotn, Medkila, Ruggevika, Sama, Seljestad, Skaret, Stangnes, Trondenes, and Åsby.
- Villages south of the city
Brokvik, Fauskevåg, Gausvik, Halsebø, Haukebø, Melvik, Nordvik, Sandtorg, and Sørvika.
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Northeastern part of Harstad seen from Eineberget; 4 May 2008
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View from Harstad towards the Vågsfjord and Andørja island; May 2008
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Harstad university college
Notable people
[edit]Public Service
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- Andrew V. Stoltenberg (1865 in Aarnes – 1921), a US Navy recipient of the Medal of Honor
- Hans Egede (1686–1758), a Dano-Norwegian Lutheran missionary known as the Apostle of Greenland
- Anders Holte (1849 in Oldra – 1937), a sea captain and navigator
- Rikard Kaarbø (1850–1901), a businessman and politician who established the town of Harstad
- John Bernhard Rekstad (1852 in Trondenes – 1934), a geologist and amateur photographer
- Erland Frisvold (1877–1971), a Norwegian colonel, civil engineer, and Mayor of Harstad
- Paal Frisvold (1908–1997), a Norwegian general who was head of the Norwegian Army 1961 to 1966
- Sverre Holm (1910–1996), a librarian, novelist, resistance member, and sociologist
- Bjarne Berg-Sæther (1919–2009), a Norwegian politician who was Mayor of Harstad 1963 to 1967 & county mayor
- Hanna Kvanmo (1926–2005), a controversial Norwegian politician who was convicted for treason after WWII and later a member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee
- Ola Heide (born 1931 in Trondenes), a botanist
- Leif Arne Heløe (born 1932), a Norwegian politician & former Minister of Social Affairs
- Pål Spilling (1934–2018), an internet pioneer and academic
- Ola M. Steinholt (1934–2009), a bishop of the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland
- Unni Wikan (born 1944), a professor of social anthropology
- Gerd Kristiansen (born 1955), a licensed practical nurse and leader of the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions from 2013 to 2017
- Kristin Clemet (born 1957), a Norwegian politician & former Minister of Education
- Elisabeth Aspaker (born 1962), a Norwegian politician & former Minister of Fisheries
- Jon Lech Johansen (born 1983), also known as DVD Jon, a computer programmer
- Silje Lundberg (born 1988), an environmentalist who grew up in Harstad
The Arts
[edit]- Ragnhild Kaarbø (1889–1949), a painter
- Knut Andersen (1931–2019), a film director<ref>Template:IMDb name. Retrieved 2 October 2020.</ref>
- Reidar Thomassen (born 1936), a writer and javelin thrower
- Jan Høiland (1939–2017), a pop singer who lived in Harstad for many years
- Odd Børre (born 1939), a former pop singer who sang at the 1968 Eurovision Song Contest
- Leif Erik Forberg (born 1950) a television and radio presenter
- Kine Hellebust (born 1954), a singer, actress, children's writer, and playwright<ref>Template:IMDb name. Retrieved 2 October 2020.</ref>
- Ketil Stokkan (born 1956), a pop singer who sang at the 1986 and the 1990 Eurovision Song Contest
- Iren Reppen (born 1965), an actress<ref>Template:IMDb name. Retrieved 2 October 2020.</ref>
- Bodil Arnesen (born 1967), a operatic soprano
- Kari Innerå (born 1982), a gourmet chef
- Iselin Steiro (born 1985), a model
- Sophie Elise, (Norwegian Wiki) (born 1994), a blogger and singer
- Ruben Markussen (born 1995), a singer and songwriter who grew up in Bjarkøy
- Thea Floer Kulseng, (Norwegian Wiki) (born 2003),the winner of Melodi Grand Prix Junior 2015
Sport
[edit]- Trygve Bornø (born 1942), a retired footballer with 419 club caps and 43 for Norway
- Knut Frostad (born 1967), a yachtsman, competed in the 1988 & 1992 Summer Olympics
- Marianne Paulsen (born 1980), a Norwegian football defender
- Tom Høgli (born 1984), a former football defender with 300 club caps and 49 for Norway
- Eirik Lamøy (born 1984), a Norwegian football striker with 300 club caps
International relations
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Twin towns – Sister cities
[edit]The twin towns of Harstad are:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Template:Flagicon Elsinore in Denmark
- Template:Flagicon Barnstaple in United Kingdom
- Template:Flagicon Umeå in Sweden
- Template:Flagicon Vaasa in Finland
Harstad used to be a sister city to Kirovsk, but this agreement was ended in November 2022, due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]External links
[edit]- Information in English Harstad municipality
- Visit Harstad
- Culture
- Old history of Harstad
- Harstad pictures
- Green and black aurora over Harstad NASA astronomy picture of the day
- Particularly rare purple auroral corona over Harstad NASA astronomy picture of the day
- Web-cam Showing various parts of the town
- Photo presentation on YouTube
- Template:Usurped Musical work inspired by the Harstad landscape
- Harstad Tidende (Harstad Times) Newspaper for the district Template:In lang
- iHarstad.no Information portal Template:In lang
- Live weather station located in Harstad Template:Webarchive Template:In lang
- About Hinnøy Template:Webarchive Template:In lang
- Magnars garden at 69 degrees north Template:In lang
Template:Use dmy dates Template:Sister bar Template:Geographic location Template:Troms Template:Authority control