38 Special (band)
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:More citations needed Template:Infobox musical artist 38 Special, often stylized as .38 Special or spelled out as Thirty-eight Special, is an American rock band formed in Jacksonville, Florida, in 1974 by singer-guitarists Donald Newton "Donnie" Van Zant (born June 11, 1952) and Richard Donald "Don" Barnes (born December 3, 1952).<ref name= Jacksonville>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
They are known for their hit songs, including "Hold On Loosely" and "Caught Up in You", among various other Top 40 hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 during the 1980s and early 1990s, including "Rockin' into the Night", "You Keep Runnin' Away", "If I'd Been the One", "Back Where You Belong", "Teacher, Teacher", "Like No Other Night", "Second Chance" and "The Sound of Your Voice".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
History
[edit]1970s
[edit]Donnie Van Zant is the younger brother of Lynyrd Skynyrd co-founder and frontman Ronnie Van Zant. Donnie began playing music during his teen years. He formed a band, the Other Side, in 1965, and later Sons of Satan, which changed its name to Standard Production in 1968. In 1969, he formed his first professional group, Sweet Rooster, with guitarists Jeff Carlisi (from Doomsday Refreshment Committee) and Kevin Elson,Template:Efn drummer Bill Pelkey and Standard Productions bassist Ken Lyons. Carlisi left Sweet Rooster after graduating high school to study architecture at Georgia Tech and was replaced by Don Barnes, from a fellow band called Camelots, in 1970. Sweet Rooster then evolved into Alice Marr, with Van Zant, Barnes, Elson, Pelkey, bassist Larry Steele and keyboardist Billy Powell, who soon moved on to roadie for Lynyrd Skynyrd before joining them as their pianist.
In the meantime, Van Zant, Barnes and Lyons, while continuing to work their day jobs as well as their musical careers, began composing original songs. By 1974, they decided to form "the ultimate band" that would be their "one last shot" at success. Briefly, Van Zant was considering a higher-paying position for the railroad at which he worked, but was finally convinced by brother Ronnie to stick with music since it was "in his blood".Template:Citation needed
The new group comprised Van Zant, Barnes, Steele (who dropped out almost immediately, to be replaced by Lyons, later returning as the group's stage manager), drummer Brookins (who had played with Van Zant in Sons of Satan), second drummer Jack Grondin (a New Jersey native who was attending Jacksonville University at the time) and a returning Carlisi.<ref name="LarkinHM">Template:Cite book</ref> The band's name was thought up after an incident which found the boys practicing in a warehouse out in the middle of nowhere. When police arrived after being notified by locals of the noise, the band members were unable to come out because of a padlock on the door. One of the cops said, "That's all right. We'll let this .38 special do the talking", and shot off the lock.<ref>.38 Special's Don Barnes talks Hold on Loosely, Decades TV Network (YouTube channel, uploaded November 16, 2018)</ref>
Now that they had their name, the group spent most of 1975 and 1976 playing a steady grind of one-nighters, mostly in the South and the Midwest. Eventually, big brother Ronnie, who had hooked the boys up with Phil Walden's Paragon Booking Agency, who had worked with Skynyrd, figured Donnie and the gang had paid enough dues and set them up with Skynryd's manager Peter Rudge, who also handled the Who and was tour manager for the Rolling Stones. Rudge quickly set the group up to open shows for popular acts such as Peter Frampton, Foghat and Kiss, and got them signed to A&M Records, who assigned Dan Hartman (of Edgar Winter Group fame) to produce their first album, .38 Special, which was released in May 1977.<ref name="LarkinHM" />
During the record's recording, bassist Ken Lyons had decided to leave the band due to domestic troubles and was replaced by their friend, roadie and original Lynyrd Skynyrd member Larry Junstrom.
Also in 1977, the band added two female backup singers, Carol Bristow and Dale Krantz. Krantz was replaced by Nancy Henderson (1979–1981), Lu Moss (1981–1984) and then Lynn Hineman (1986–1987), before backup singers were dispensed with in 1987.Template:Citation needed
In October 1977 Ronnie Van Zant was killed when Skynyrd's plane crashed. Donnie wrote "Take Me Back" as a tribute to his brother, which appeared on the band's second album, Special Delivery (March 1978), also produced by Hartman.<ref name="LarkinHM" />
1980–1999
[edit]The band's first two albums had a strong Southern rock influence. By the early 1980s, .38 Special had shifted to a more accessible guitar-driven arena rock style without completely abandoning the Southern rock roots.<ref name="LarkinHM" /> This shift helped to usher in a string of successful albums and singles. Engineer Rodney Mills, who had worked with Atlanta Rhythm Section and others, assumed the producer's reins, and Survivor co-founder Jim Peterik became a frequent songwriting collaborator with the band from 1979 on, which helped account for this change in sound and subsequent success.
"Rockin' into the Night", the title track from the group's third album (released in October 1979), which Peterik and his bandmates had originally written for Survivor, found its way to 38 Special's manager, Mark Spector (who'd left his job at A&M Records to manage the group), and was given to the band. Sung by 38's guitarist Don Barnes (who would sing lead vocals on all of the band's hits through 1987), the tune became their first song to receive national airplay, peaking at No. 43 on the Billboard Hot 100 in early 1980.<ref name="LarkinHM" />
This paved the way for their platinum-selling fourth record, Wild-Eyed Southern Boys (January 1981), and its bigger hit "Hold On Loosely" (which reached No. 27 in 1981).<ref name="LarkinHM" />
Their next release, Special Forces (May 1982),<ref name="LarkinHM" /> contained the Top 10 hit "Caught Up in You" (just like "Hold On Loosely", composed by Barnes, Carlisi, and Peterik), which hit No. 1 on the Billboard Rock Tracks chart, as did the single "If I'd Been the One" (October 1983) from their November 1983 release Tour de Force. "You Keep Runnin' Away" (August 1982) and "Back Where You Belong" (February 1984) continued the sequence of hit radio favorites.
In the fall of 1984, they had another hit with "Teacher, Teacher", from the soundtrack of the 1984 film Teachers, written by Jim Vallance and Bryan Adams. The song climbed to No. 4 on the Billboard Top Tracks Chart, spending ten weeks on the chart.Template:Citation needed
In 1984 38 Special toured with the up-and-coming Huey Lewis and the News, who were just breaking huge with their Sports album, and in 1986 they shared the bill with the soon-to-be-platinum-selling hard rock band Bon Jovi.
By 1987, Don Barnes, who was having differences with Carlisi and some of the others, had decided to leave the band to go out on his own.<ref name="LarkinHM" /> He recorded an album called Ride the Storm, which, though slated for release in 1989, was shelved after A&M Records was sold, and was not released until 2017 – some 28 years later.
In the meantime, the group moved on, bringing in San Francisco guitarist Danny Chauncey, after drummer Steve Brookins also decided to leave, and singer/keyboardist Max Carl, from West Coast rhythm and blues group Jack Mack & the Heart Attack.<ref name="LarkinHM" />
The next release, Rock & Roll Strategy (June 1988),<ref name="LarkinHM" /> saw the group playing down their heavy guitar sound and putting forth a more 1980s pop keyboard-oriented approach, led by Carl's more R&B-style voice. "Second Chance" (taken from Rock & Roll Strategy) was a No. 1 hit on Billboard's adult contemporary chart in early 1989.
Carl was also lead singer on "The Sound of Your Voice" (Billboard Hot 100 No. 33 in 1991) from Bone Against Steel (July 1991), which saw the group moving from A&M to the American iteration of the British label Charisma Records.<ref name="LarkinHM" /> That same year, Arkansas native Bobby Capps (from Johnny Van Zant Band) came aboard as keyboardist/co-singer and drummer Scott Meeder replaced Jack Grondin after Grondin decided to leave the music business to pursue a career as a Christian missionary. The band found themselves without a home after Charisma folded in 1992.
After touring with the band through the spring of 1992, Max Carl decided to depart, making way for the return of Don Barnes. Since that time, the band has mostly concentrated on touring, with an occasional release of new material. Scott Hoffman took over the drum chair from Meeder later in 1992. Donny Baldwin (ex-Jefferson Starship) filled in for Hoffman on some 1996 tour dates after Hoffman was down with a broken arm, but Gary "Madman" Moffatt (formerly of Cactus) has been the band's drummer since 1997.Template:Citation needed
In early 1997, 38's long time guitarist/co-founder Jeff Carlisi, tired of the endless touring, decided to leave to form the Bonnie Blue Band, which led to the supergroup Big People, which also featured Benjamin Orr (from the Cars), Liberty DeVitto (from Billy Joel's band), Derek St. Holmes (ex-Ted Nugent) and Pat Travers. Unfortunately Big People failed to launch after the death of Benjamin Orr in 2000.
Through the small Razor & Tie label, 38 Special released "Fade to Blue" from the album Resolution (The last album to feature Carlisi, released in June 1997). The single hit No. 33 on the Mainstream Rock chart in 1997.Template:Citation needed
Since 1997's Resolution, two more releases have followed on the CMC International and Sanctuary Records labels, respectively A Wild-Eyed Christmas Night (September 2001) and Drivetrain (July 2004).Template:Citation needed
2000s–present
[edit]In 2007 .38 Special was the opening act on Lynyrd Skynyrd and Hank Williams Jr.'s Rowdy Frynds Tour.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Also, on September 27, 2008, they filmed a CMT Crossroads special with country singer Trace Adkins, performing both artists' hits from over the years.Template:Citation needed
In 2009 .38 Special opened for REO Speedwagon and Styx as part of the "Can't Stop Rockin' Tour".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Van Zant missed a handful of shows in 2011, and in 2012 a notice was posted on 38 Special's website saying Donnie Van Zant would not tour with the band due to health issues related to inner-ear nerve damage, although he would continue to write and record with the band. In 2013, after nearly a year of missing performances, Van Zant officially left 38 Special after 39 years and retired from music.<ref name=ConversationwithDonBarnes>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2012 original bassist Ken Lyons died at age 59.<ref name=Lyons />
In 2014 longtime bassist Larry Junstrom was replaced by Barry Dunaway (a veteran of many classic rock groups, including Pat Travers Band, Yngwie Malmsteen and Survivor). Dunaway had previously filled in for Junstrom for a handful of shows in 2011, and a few shows in 2013 as well. Junstrom was then forced to retire due to a hand injury that required surgery.Template:Citation needed
Since 2019, the band's lineup has consisted of Don Barnes, keyboardist/vocalist Bobby Capps, drummer Gary Moffatt, Dunaway, and guitarist Jerry Riggs. This leaves Don Barnes as the only original member, although Barnes was absent from the band from 1987 until 1992.Template:Citation needed
Larry Junstrom died on October 6, 2019, at age 70.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2022 bassist Paul Drennan filled in for Barry Dunaway.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Band members
[edit]Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break
Current members
[edit]- Don Barnes – lead and backing vocals, lead and rhythm guitar, harmonica, mandolin, piano (1974–1987, 1992–present)
- Bobby Capps – keyboards, backing and lead vocals (1991–present)
- Gary "Madman" Moffatt – drums, percussion (1996–present)
- Barry Dunaway – bass, backing vocals (2014–present; touring substitute 2011, 2013)
- Jerry Riggs – lead guitar, backing vocals (2019–present)
Touring musicians
[edit]- Carol Bristow – backing vocals (1977–1987)
- Dale Krantz Rossington – backing vocals (1977–1979)
- Nancy Henderson – backing vocals (1979–1980)
- Lu Moss – backing vocals (1981–1984)
- Lynn Hineman – backing vocals (1986–1987)
Touring substitutes
[edit]- Donny Baldwin – drums, percussion (1996; filled in for Scott Hoffman)
- Paul Drennan (Drennen) – bass, backing vocals (2022; filled in for Barry Dunaway)
Former members
[edit]- Donnie Van Zant – lead and backing vocals, occasional guitar (1974–2013)
- Jeff Carlisi – lead guitar (1974–1997)
- Jack Grondin – drums, percussion (1974–1991)
- Steve Brookins – drums, percussion (1974–1987)
- Ken Lyons – bass (1974–1977; died 2012)<ref name=Lyons>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Larry Junstrom – bass, occasional guitar (1977–2014; died 2019)
- Steve McRay – keyboards, harmonica, backing vocals (1986–1987)
- Max Carl – lead and backing vocals, keyboards, guitar (1987–1992)
- Danny Chauncey – lead guitar, backing vocals, keyboards (1987–2019)
- Scott Meeder – drums, percussion (1991–1992)
- Scott Hoffman – drums, percussion (1992–1997)
Lineups
[edit]| 1974–1977 | 1977–1986 | 1986–1987 | 1987–1991 |
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| 1991–1992 | 1992–1997 | 1997–2013 | 2013–2014 |
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| 2014–2019 | 2019–present | ||
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Timeline
[edit]<timeline> ImageSize = width:900 height:auto barincrement:23 PlotArea = left:120 bottom:100 top:10 right:10 Alignbars = justify DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1974 till:{{#time:m/d/Y}} TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy Legend = orientation:vertical position:bottom columns:3 ScaleMajor = increment:5 start:1974 ScaleMinor = increment:1 start:1974
Colors =
id:lvocals value:red legend:Lead_&_backing_vocals id:guitar value:green legend:Guitar id:bass value:blue legend:Bass id:keys value:purple legend:Keyboards id:drums value:orange legend:Drums id:bvocals value:pink legend:Backing_vocals id:tour value:yellow legend:Touring_member id:album value:black legend:Studio_album id:live value:gray(0.6) legend:Live_album id:bars value:gray(0.95)
BackgroundColors = bars:bars
BarData =
bar:Donnie text:Donnie Van Zant bar:Don text:Don Barnes bar:Max text:Max Carl bar:Jeff text:Jeff Carlisi bar:Danny text:Danny Chauncey bar:Jerry text:Jerry Riggs bar:Ken text:Ken Lyons bar:Larry text:Larry Junstrom bar:Barry text:Barry Dunaway bar:SteveM text:Steve McRay bar:Bobby text:Bobby Capps bar:Jack text:Jack Grondin bar:Steve text:Steve Brookins bar:ScottM text:Scott Meeder bar:ScottH text:Scott Hoffman bar:Gary text:Gary Moffatt bar:Carol text:Carol Bristow bar:Dale text:Dale Krantz Rossington bar:Nancy text:Nancy Henderson bar:Lu text:Lu Moss bar:Lynn text:Lynn Hineman
LineData =
color:album layer:back at:05/01/1977 at:11/01/1978 at:01/01/1980 at:02/01/1981 at:05/04/1982 at:02/06/1984 at:04/01/1986 at:09/01/1988 at:07/01/1991 at:06/17/1997 at:09/25/2001 at:07/24/2004 color:live at:09/02/1984 at:11/09/1999 at:01/30/2010 at:08/29/2011
PlotData =
width:13 bar:Donnie from:01/01/1974 till:06/01/2013 color:lvocals bar:Don from:01/01/1974 till:10/01/1981 color:guitar bar:Don from:10/01/1981 till:06/01/1987 color:lvocals bar:Don from:06/01/1992 till:end color:lvocals bar:Jeff from:01/01/1974 till:10/01/1996 color:guitar bar:Danny from:06/01/1987 till:10/01/1996 color:guitar bar:Danny from:10/01/1996 till:11/01/2018 color:guitar bar:Jerry from:01/01/2019 till:end color:guitar bar:Ken from:01/01/1974 till:07/01/1977 color:bass bar:Larry from:07/01/1977 till:01/01/2014 color:bass bar:Barry from:01/01/2014 till:end color:bass bar:Steve from:01/01/1974 till:09/01/1987 color:drums bar:Jack from:01/01/1974 till:10/01/1991 color:drums bar:ScottM from:10/01/1991 till:06/01/1992 color:drums bar:ScottH from:06/01/1992 till:01/01/1997 color:drums bar:Gary from:07/01/1997 till:end color:drums bar:SteveM from:04/01/1986 till:06/01/1987 color:tour bar:Max from:06/01/1987 till:06/01/1992 color:lvocals bar:Bobby from:06/01/1992 till:end color:keys bar:Carol from:start till:06/01/1987 color:tour bar:Lynn from:04/01/1986 till:06/01/1987 color:tour bar:Dale from:start till:02/01/1979 color:tour bar:Nancy from:02/01/1979 till:01/01/1981 color:tour bar:Lu from:01/01/1981 till:07/30/1984 color:tour bar:Bobby from:06/01/1987 till:06/01/1992 color:tour width:3 bar:Max from:06/01/1987 till:06/01/1992 color:guitar bar:Don from:01/01/1979 till:10/01/1981 color:lvocals bar:Don from:10/01/1981 till:06/01/1987 color:guitar bar:Don from:06/01/1992 till:end color:guitar bar:Don from:01/01/1974 till:01/01/1979 color:bvocals bar:SteveM from:04/01/1986 till:06/01/1987 color:bvocals bar:Danny from:06/01/1987 till:11/01/2018 color:bvocals bar:Bobby from:06/01/1987 till:end color:lvocals bar:Barry from:01/01/2014 till:end color:bvocals bar:Jerry from:01/01/2019 till:end color:bvocals bar:Carol from:start till:06/01/1987 color:bvocals bar:Lynn from:04/01/1986 till:06/01/1987 color:bvocals bar:Dale from:start till:02/01/1979 color:bvocals bar:Nancy from:02/01/1979 till:01/01/1981 color:bvocals bar:Lu from:01/01/1981 till:07/30/1984 color:bvocals
width:7 bar:Danny from:06/01/1987 till:11/01/2018 color:keys bar:Max from:06/01/1987 till:06/01/1992 color:keys bar:SteveM from:04/01/1986 till:06/01/1987 color:keys bar:Bobby from:06/01/1987 till:06/01/1992 color:keys
</timeline>
Discography
[edit]Studio albums
[edit]- 38 Special (1977)
- Special Delivery (1978)
- Rockin' into the Night (1979)
- Wild-Eyed Southern Boys (1981)
- Special Forces (1982)
- Tour de Force (1983)
- Strength in Numbers (1986)
- Rock & Roll Strategy (1988)
- Bone Against Steel (1991)
- Resolution (1997)
- A Wild-Eyed Christmas Night (2001)
- Drivetrain (2004)