Dalhousie University
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Dalhousie University (commonly known as Dal) is a large public research university in Nova Scotia, Canada, with three campuses in Halifax, a fourth in Bible Hill, and a second medical school campus in Saint John, New Brunswick. Dalhousie offers over 200 degree programs in 13 undergraduate, graduate, and professional faculties.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The university is a member of the U15, a group of research-intensive universities in Canada.
The institution was established as Dalhousie College, a nonsectarian institution established in 1818 by the eponymous Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia, George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie, with education reformer Thomas McCulloch as its first principal. However, the college did not hold its first class until 1838, with operations remaining sporadic due to financial difficulties. The college was reorganized in 1863 and renamed The Governors of Dalhousie College and University. The university formally changed its name to Dalhousie University in 1997 through the same provincial legislation that merged the institution with the Technical University of Nova Scotia.
Dalhousie's varsity teams, the Tigers, compete in the Atlantic University Sport conference of Canadian Interuniversity Sport. Dalhousie's Faculty of Agriculture varsity teams are called the Dalhousie Rams, and compete in the ACAA and CCAA. Dalhousie is a coeducational university with more than 20,000 students and 150,000 alumni around the world. The university's notable alumni<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> include a Nobel Prize winner and 94 Rhodes Scholars.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
History
[edit]Dalhousie was founded, as the Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie, desired a non-denominational college in Halifax.<ref name="History and Tradition">Template:Cite web</ref> Financing largely came from customs duties collected by a previous Lieutenant Governor, John Coape Sherbrooke, during the War of 1812 occupation of Castine, Maine;Template:Efn Sherbrooke invested £7,000 as an initial endowment and reserved £3,000 for the physical construction of the college.Template:Sfn The college was established in 1818 though it faltered shortly after, as Ramsay left Halifax to serve as the Governor General of British North America.<ref name=dalhis>Template:Cite web</ref> The school was structured upon the principles of the University of Edinburgh, located near Ramsay's home in Scotland,Template:Sfn where lectures were open to male students, regardless of Christian religion or nationality.
In 1821, Dalhousie College was officially incorporated by the Nova Scotia House of Assembly under the 1821 Act of Incorporation.Template:Sfn The college did not hold its first class until 1838; operation of the college was intermittent and no degrees were awarded.<ref name=dalhis /> In 1841, an Act of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly conferred university powers on Dalhousie.Template:Sfn
Dalhousie's first principal was Thomas McCulloch. A Presbyterian minister and naturalist, he was the founder of Nova Scotia's second degree-granting institution (after King's College, now University of King's College), Pictou Academy in Pictou, Nova Scotia, which attracted students from PEI, Cape Breton, as well as the Caribbean<ref name=":0" /> due to McCulloch's views and the school's ecumenical stance.
In 1838, the board of Dalhousie College was able to convince McCulloch leave Pictou Academy and take on the floundering Dalhousie. With a reputation as an anti-papal pamphleteer<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> and firmly against the Church of England's hold on higher education in Nova Scotia (through King's College), McCulloch carried with him from Pictou his education theory and pedagogy, "If Dalhousie College acquires usefulness and eminence, it will be not by an imitation of Oxford, but as an institution of science, and practical intelligence."<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref> His approach to education was radical: he firmly believed that all schools "ought first to be ascertained, how far it is calculated to improve the community; and, if its general utility appear, it is, in proportion to its value and to the extent of the public funds, unquestionably entitled to the protection of Government, whether it belong to churchmen or [Presbyterian] dissenters, protestants or catholics, ought to be entirely disregarded!"<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> He was responsible for creating a chair of natural history at Dalhousie to teach "geology, mineralogy, botany, and zoology."<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Following McCulloch's death, the college fell into decline once again and was reorganized as a high school in 1848.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1863, the college opened for a third time and was reorganized by another legislative act, which added "University" to the school's name: "The Governors of Dalhousie College and University".Template:Sfn<ref name="dalsta">Template:Cite web</ref> Dalhousie reopened with six professors and one tutor. When it awarded its first degrees in 1866, the student body consisted of 28 male students working toward degrees and 28 occasional students.<ref name="dalhis" />
Despite the reorganization and an increase in students, money continued to be a problem for the institution. In 1879, amid talks of closure due to the university's dire financial situation, George Munro, a wealthy New York publisher with Nova Scotian roots, began to donate to the university; Munro was brother-in-law to Dalhousie's Board of Governors member John Forrest. As such, Munro is credited with rescuing Dalhousie from closure. In honour of his contributions, Dalhousie observes a university holiday called George Munro Day on the first Friday of each February.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The first female graduate was Margaret Florence Newcombe from Grafton, Nova Scotia, who earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1885.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Originally located at the space now occupied by Halifax City Hall, the college moved in 1886 to Carleton Campus and spread gradually to Studley Campus.<ref name=dalhis /> Dalhousie grew steadily during the 20th century. From 1889 to 1962 the Halifax Conservatory was affiliated with and awarded degrees through Dalhousie.<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> In 1920, several buildings were destroyed by fire on the campus of the University of King's College in Windsor, Nova Scotia. Through a grant from the Carnegie Foundation, King's College relocated to Halifax and entered into a partnership with Dalhousie that continues to this day.<ref name=kinhi>Template:Cite web</ref>
Dalhousie expanded on 1 April 1997 when provincial legislation mandated an amalgamation with the nearby Technical University of Nova Scotia. This merger saw reorganization of faculties and departments to create the Faculty of Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and the Faculty of Architecture and Planning.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> From 1997 to 2000, the Technical University of Nova Scotia operated as a constituent college of Dalhousie called Dalhousie Polytechnic of Nova Scotia (DalTech) until the collegiate system was dissolved.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The legislation that merged the two schools also formally changed the name of the institution to its present form, Dalhousie University.<ref name="nslegislature.ca">Template:Cite web</ref> On 1 September 2012, the Nova Scotia Agricultural College merged into Dalhousie to form a new Faculty of Agriculture, located in Bible Hill, Nova Scotia.<ref name="Dal name hailed in Bible Hill">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Campuses
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Dalhousie has three campuses within the Halifax Peninsula and a fourth, the Agricultural Campus, in Bible Hill, Nova Scotia.<ref name="History and Tradition"/>
Studley Campus in Halifax serves as the primary campus; it houses the majority of the university's academic buildings such as faculties, athletic facilities, and the university's Student Union Building.<ref name=camp>Template:Cite web</ref> The campus is largely surrounded by residential neighbourhoods.
Robie Street divides it from the adjacent Carleton Campus, which houses the faculties of dentistry, medicine, and other health profession departments. The campus is adjacent to two large teaching hospitals affiliated with the school: the IWK Health Centre and the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre.<ref name=camp />
Sexton Campus in Downtown Halifax hosts the engineering, architecture and planning faculties. Sexton Campus served as the campus of the Technical University of Nova Scotia prior to amalgamation.<ref name=camp /> The Agricultural Campus in Bible Hill, a suburban community of Truro, served as the campus for the Nova Scotia Agricultural College prior to its merger with Dalhousie in 2011.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The university presently operates the largest academic library system in Atlantic Canada, and hosts the headquarters for the Ocean Tracking Network.
The buildings at Dalhousie vary in age from Hart House, which was completed in 1864, to the Collaborative Health Education Building, completed in 2015.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The original building of Dalhousie University was completed in 1824 on Halifax's Grand Parade.<ref name=orib>Template:Cite web</ref> It was demolished in 1885 when the university outgrew the premises, and the City of Halifax sought possession of the entire Grand Parade. Halifax City Hall presently occupies the site of the original Dalhousie College.<ref name=orib />
Libraries and museums
[edit]The university has five libraries. The largest, Killam Memorial Library, opened in 1971 and claims to be the largest academic library in Atlantic Canada.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The W. K. Kellogg Health Science Library provides services largely for the faculties of dentistry, medicine, and other health professions.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Sexton Design & Technology Library is located within Sexton Campus. Its collection largely serves those in the faculties of engineering, architecture and planning, and houses the university's rare books collection.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Sir James Dunn Law Library holds the university's collection of common law materials, legal periodicals, as well as books on international law, health law, and environmental law.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> MacRae Library is located at the university's Agricultural Campus, and has the largest collection of agricultural resource material in Atlantic Canada.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Dalhousie University Archives houses official records of, or relating to, or people/activities connected with Dalhousie University and its founding institutions. The archives also houses material related to theatre, business and labour in Nova Scotia. The collection consists of manuscripts, texts, photographs, audio-visual material, microfilm, music, and artifacts.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The university's first library, Macdonald Memorial Library, was built after alumni raised funds on the death of professor Charles Macdonald, who had left the university $2,000 to buy books in English literature on his death in 1901.<ref name="dict">Template:Cite DCB</ref>
The biology department operates the Thomas McCulloch Museum in its Life Sciences Centre (LSC). The most notable of the museum's exhibits include its preserved birds collection. Other collections include its Lorenzen ceramic mushrooms, its coral and shell collection, and its butterfly and insect collection.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The museum's namesake Thomas McCulloch was a Scottish Presbyterian minister who served as Dalhousie's first president and created the Audubon mounted bird collection which is now housed at the museum.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The Dalhousie Art Gallery is both a public gallery and an academic support unit housed since 1971 on the lowest level of the Dalhousie Arts Centre. Admission is free of charge. It is host to a permanent collection of over 1000 works.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Some of the outdoor sculptures around the campus are part of this collection, such as the distinctive Marine Venus which has sat in the median of University Avenue since 1969.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> A notable exhibition from the Dalhousie Art Gallery includes "Archives of the Future" (March – April 2016) exploring the relationship between art creation and commerce with work by artists Zachary Gough, Dawn Georg, Sharlene Bamboat, Katie Vida and Dana Claxton.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Sustainability
[edit]Dalhousie University is actively involved in sustainability issues and has received a number of sustainability awards and recognition for academic programs, university operations, and research. In 2022, Dalhousie received a GOLD rating from AASHE STARS (Version 2.2). In 2009, the university signed the University and College Presidents' Climate Change Statement of Action for Canada to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Dalhousie is also a signatory of UNEP's International Declaration on Cleaner Production.<ref name=factsheet1>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1999, the university signed the Talloires Declaration, which committed Dalhousie and other higher education institutions to developing, creating, supporting, and maintaining sustainability.<ref name=factsheet1/>
In 2008, the College of Sustainability,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> the Office of Sustainability,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and the Dalhousie Student Union Sustainability Office<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> were formed. During 2008, the President's Advisory Council on Sustainability was also created. The council meets quarterly to discuss pan-university sustainability issues. Dalhousie's College of Sustainability offers an undergraduate Major in Environment, Sustainability and Society (ESS) integrating with seven bachelor's degrees and 40 subjects across five faculties.
Administration
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University governance is conducted through the Board of Governors and the Senate, both of which were given much of their present power in the Unofficial Consolidation of an Act for the Regulation and Support of Dalhousie College in Chapter 24 of the Acts of 1863. This statute replaced ones from 1820, 1823, 1838, 1841 and 1848, and has since been supplemented 11 times, most recently in 1995.<ref name=dalsta /> The Board is responsible for conduct, management, and control of the university and of its property, revenues, business, and affairs. Board members, known as Governors of the Board, include the university's chancellor, president, and 25 other members. Members include people from within the university community such as four approved representatives from Dalhousie Student Union, and those in the surrounding community, such as the Mayor of Halifax.<ref name=dalsta /> The Senate is responsible for the university's academics, including standards for admission and qualifications for degrees, diplomas, and certificates.<ref name=dalsta /> The Senate consists of 73 positions granted to the various faculty representatives, academic administrators, and student representatives.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The president acts as the chief executive officer and is responsible to the Board of Governors and to the Senate for the supervision of administrative and academic works. Kim Brooks is the 13th president of the university, and has served since August 2023. Thomas McCulloch served as the first president when the office was created in 1838. John Forrest was the longest-serving president, holding the office from 1885 to 1911.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Affiliated institutions
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University of King's College is a post-secondary institution in Halifax affiliated with Dalhousie. The institution's campus is located adjacent to Dalhousie's Studley campus. Established in 1789, it was the first post-secondary institution in English Canada and the oldest English-speaking Commonwealth university outside the United Kingdom.<ref name=kinhi/> The University of King's College was formerly an independent institution located in Windsor, Nova Scotia, until 1920, when a fire ravaged its campus. To continue operation, the University of King's College accepted a generous grant from the Carnegie Foundation, although the terms of the grant required that it move to Halifax and enter into association with Dalhousie.<ref name=kinhi /> Under the agreement, King's agreed to pay the salaries of a number of Dalhousie professors, who in turn were to help in the management and academic life of the college.
Students at King's have access to all of the amenities at Dalhousie, and academic programs at King's would fold into the College of Arts and Sciences at Dalhousie according to the agreement.<ref name=kinhi /> Presently, students of both institutions are allowed to switch between the two throughout their enrolment. In spite of the shared academic programs and facilities, the University of King's College maintains its own scholarships, bursaries, athletics programs, and student residences.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Finances
[edit]The university completed the 2017–18 year with revenues of $697.354 million and expenses of $664.274 million, yielding a surplus of $33.08 million.<ref name=finrep>Template:Cite web</ref> The largest source of revenue for the university was provincial operational grants, followed by tuition fees. The total endowment revenue reported in fiscal 2017–2018 was $481.372 million.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Diversity
[edit]The university has attempted to increase the representation of under-represented groups at Dalhousie through inclusive recruitment strategies.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> There have been several Dalhousie University scandals related to discrimination at the university.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Nova Scotia Health">Template:Cite news</ref>
Academics
[edit]Dalhousie is a publicly funded research university, and a member of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, as well as the U15.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:As of, there were 20,970 students enrolled at the university.<ref name=qfacts>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=alum>Template:Cite web</ref> Dalhousie offers more than 4,000 courses and over 200 degree programs in 13 undergraduate, graduate, and professional faculties.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The requirements for admission differ between students from Nova Scotia, students from other provinces in Canada, and international students due to lack of uniformity in marking schemes. The requirements for admission also differ depending on the program. In 2011, the secondary school average for incoming first-year undergraduate students was 85 percent.<ref name=qfacts />
Canadian students may apply for financial aid such as the Nova Scotia Student Assistance Program and Canada Student Loans and Grants through the federal and provincial governments. Financial aid may also be provided in the form of loans, grants, bursaries, scholarships, fellowships, debt reduction, interest relief, and work programs.<ref name=bursuries>Template:Cite web</ref> The university's registrar provides scholarships for its students in order to provide financial assistance, or to reward academic merits or performances in another fields, such as community involvement and leadership.<ref name=bursuries/>
Reputation
[edit]Template:Update Template:Infobox Canadian university rankings The 2022 Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked Dalhousie University 301–400 in the world and 13–17 in Canada.<ref name="USUnivRankings_ARWU_W" /> The 2023 QS World University Rankings ranked the university 308th in the world, and twelfth in Canada.<ref name=QS /> The 2023 Times Higher Education World University Rankings placed Dalhousie 301–350 in the world.<ref name="USUnivRankings_THES_W"/> In the 2022–23 U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking, the university placed 314th in the world, and 11th in Canada.<ref name="USNWR Best Global Universities"/> In terms of national rankings, Maclean's ranked Dalhousie seventh in their 2023 Medical-Doctoral university rankings.<ref name="Macdoc" /> Dalhousie was ranked in spite of having opted out – along with several other universities in Canada – of participating in Maclean's graduate survey since 2006.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Dalhousie also placed in a number of rankings that evaluated the employment prospects of its graduates. In the Times Higher Education's 2022 global employability ranking, Dalhousie placed 186th in the world, and eighth in Canada.<ref name="UnivRankings_THES_GEUR"/> In QS's 2020 graduate employability ranking, the university ranked 301–500 in the world, and 10–16 in Canada.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Research
[edit]In 2018, Research Infosource ranked Dalhousie as 15th on their list for top 50 research universities in Canada, with a sponsored research income (external sources of funding) of $150.038 million in 2017.<ref name=reinf>Template:Cite web</ref> In the same year, Dalhousie's faculty averaged a sponsored research income of $130,000, while its graduate students averaged a sponsored research income of $44,600.<ref name=reinf/> In 2003 and 2004, The Scientist placed Dalhousie among the top five places in the world outside the United States for postdoctoral work and conducting scientific research.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2007 Dalhousie topped the list of The Scientist's "Best Places to Work in Academia". The annual list divides research and academic institutions into American and international lists; Dalhousie University ranked first in the international category.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> According to a survey conducted by The Scientist, Dalhousie was the best non-commercial scientific institute in which to work in Canada.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Dalhousie's research performance has been noted in several bibliometric university rankings, which use citation analysis to evaluate the impact a university has on academic publications. In 2019, the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities ranked Dalhousie 301st in the world, tied for 12th in Canada with the University of Manitoba;<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> whereas the University Ranking by Academic Performance 2018–19 rankings placed the university 302nd in the world, and 13th in Canada.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Marine research at Dalhousie has become a large focus of the university, with many of the university's faculty members involved in some form of marine research.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Notably, Dalhousie is the headquarters of the Ocean Tracking Network, a research effort using implanted acoustic transmitters to study fish migration patterns.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Dalhousie houses a number of marine research pools, a wet laboratory, and a benthic flume, which are collectively known as the Aquatron laboratory.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Dalhousie is one of the founding members of the Halifax Marine Research Institute, founded on 2 June 2011. The institute, which is a partnership between a number of private industries, government, and post-secondary institutions, was designed to help increase the scale, quality, internationalization and impact of marine research in the region.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2011, the university, along with WWF-Canada, created the Conservation Legacy For Oceans, which aimed at providing scholarships, funding, curriculum development, and work placements for students and academics dedicated to marine research, law, management, and policy making.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2016, Dalhousie partnered with Memorial University of Newfoundland and the University of Prince Edward Island to form a collaborative research organization known as The Ocean Frontier Institute.
Many of Dalhousie's faculties and departments focus on marine research. The Faculty of Engineering operates the Ocean Research Centre Atlantic, which is dedicated to research and tests in naval and off-shore engineering.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Schulich School of Law also operates the Marine & Environmental Law Institute, which carries out research and conducts consultancy activities for governmental and non-governmental organizations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The school's Department of Political Science similarly operates the Centre for Foreign Policy Studies, which is primarily concerned with the fields of Canadian and American foreign, security, and defence policy, including maritime security policy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Student life
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The student body of Dalhousie is currently represented by two student unions; the Dalhousie Student Union, which represents the general student population, and the Dalhousie Association for Graduate Students, which represents the interests of graduate students specifically.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> As of 2011, there were three sororities and three fraternities.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> They operate as non-accredited organizations and are not recognized by the Dalhousie Student Union.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The main student newspaper, The Dalhousie Gazette, claims to be the oldest student-run newspaper in North America.<ref name=DalGz>Template:Cite web</ref> The newspaper's offices are in the Student Union building.<ref name=DalGz /> The radio station began as a radio club in 1964 and operated as CKDU in 1975; it began FM broadcasting in 1985. CKDU acquired its present frequency 88.1 in 2006 and upgraded its transmitting power.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2021 and 2022, controversies arose around alcohol consumption at unsanctioned student gatherings on campus, specifically 'homecoming' in early October.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Halifax Police urged the university to play a more active role in the issue.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Clubs and societies
[edit]In addition to the efforts made by the Dalhousie Student Union (DSU) Council,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Dalhousie students have created and participated in over 320 clubs/societies.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Management Society, for example, is a group of students in the Faculty of Management who group together to enhance the experience of students in that faculty by hosting events, providing assistance and giving back. Until 25 July 2016, Dalhousie offered a website named "Tiger Society" which listed all current clubs and societies that were available for students to join. Through this website, students could request to join a society.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Dalhousie also holds a Society Fair at the beginning of each fall and winter semester, in which all societies are given the opportunity to display their purpose/efforts and recruit new members.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Student societies partake in a range of activities from simple gatherings, study groups, bake sales, intramural sports teams, to organizing larger scale fundraising events.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Athletics
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Dalhousie's sports teams are called the Tigers. The Tigers varsity teams participate primarily in the Atlantic University Sport (AUS) of U Sports. There are teams for basketball, hockey, soccer, swimming, track and field, cross country running, and volleyball. The Tigers garnered a number of championships in the first decade of the 20th century, winning 63 AUS championships and two U Sports championships.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> More than 2,500 students participate in competitive clubs, intramural sport leagues, and tournaments. Opportunities are offered at multiple skill levels across a variety of sports. Dalhousie has six competitive sports clubs and 17 recreational clubs.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Dalhousie's Agricultural Campus operates its own varsity team, called the Dalhousie Rams. The Rams varsity team participates in the Atlantic Collegiate Athletic Association, a member of the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association. The Rams varsity teams include badminton, basketball, rugby, soccer, volleyball, and woodsmen.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Dalhousie has a number of athletic facilities open to varsity teams and students. Dalplex is the largest main fitness and recreational facility. It houses a large fieldhouse, an Olympic-sized swimming pool, an indoor running track, weight rooms, courts and other facilities.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Wickwire Field, with a seating capacity of up to 1,200, is the university's main outdoor field and is host to the varsity football, soccer, field hockey, lacrosse and rugby teams.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Other sporting facilities include the Studley Gymnasium, and the Sexton Gymnasium and field.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Memorial Arena, home to the varsity hockey team, was demolished in 2012. The school is working to build a new arena jointly with nearby Saint Mary's University, whose facility is also aging.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The Agricultural Campus has one athletic facility, the Langille Athletic Centre.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
As of 2010, through the efforts of alumni and devoted volunteers, the Dalhousie Football Club was reinstated. Playing in the Atlantic Football League (AFL), the team operates on donations from alumni. The team plays its home games at Wickwire Field.
Insignia and other representations
[edit]Seal
[edit]The Dalhousie seal is based on the heraldic achievement of Clan Ramsay of Scotland, of which founder George Ramsay was clan head. The heraldic achievement consists of five parts – shield, coronet, crest, supporters and motto. One major difference between the Ramsay achievement and the university seal is that the Ramsay achievement features a griffin and greyhound, whereas the Dalhousie seal has two dragons supporting the eagle-adorned shield.<ref name=seal>Template:Cite web</ref> Initially, the Ramsay achievement was used to identify Dalhousie, but the seal has evolved with the amalgamations the university has undergone.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The seal was originally silver-coloured, but in 1950, the university's Board of Governors changed it to gold to match the university's colours of gold and black. These colours were adopted in 1887, after the rugby team led the debate about college colours for football jerseys.Template:Sfn The shield and eagle of Dalhousie's seal have been used as the logo since 1987, with the present incarnation in use since 2003, which includes the tagline "inspiring minds".<ref name=seal />
Motto and song
[edit]The university motto Template:Lang translates from Latin as "pray and work"; it adopted in 1870 from the Earl of Dalhousie's motto to replace the university's original one, which the administration believed did not convey confidence.Template:Sfn The original motto was Template:Lang (Latin for "perhaps"), and first appeared in the first Dalhousie Gazette of 1869. It was from Virgil's epic poem Aeneid, Book 1, line 203, Template:Lang, which translates as "Perhaps the time may come when these [difficulties] will be sweet to remember." In 2020, students and staff representatives sought to remove the inherently religious tone of the current motto and return to the first.Template:Sfn
Among the school's songs is the "Carmina Dalhousiana", written in Halifax in 1882. A Dalhousie University songbook was compiled by Charles B. Weikel in 1904.<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>
Notable alumni
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Joe Clark, 16th Prime Minister of Canada.
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Brian Mulroney, 18th Prime Minister of Canada.
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Kathryn D. Sullivan, first American woman to walk in space.
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Charles Peter McColough, former chairman, CEO, and president of Xerox
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Lucy Maud Montgomery, author, best known for the Anne of Green Gables series
Dalhousie graduates have found success in a variety of fields, serving as heads of a diverse array of public and private institutions. Dalhousie University has over 130,000 alumni. Throughout Dalhousie's history, faculty, alumni, and former students have played prominent roles in many fields, and include 91 Rhodes Scholars.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Dalhousie has also educated Nobel laureates. Astrophysicist and Dalhousie alumni Arthur B. McDonald (BSc 1964, MSc 1965) received the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics for identifying neutrino change identities and mass.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> McDonald was also previously awarded the Herzberg Prize and the Benjamin Franklin Prize in physics. Other notable graduates of Dalhousie includes Donald O. Hebb, who helped advance the field of neuropsychology,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Kathryn D. Sullivan, the first American woman to walk in space<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Jeff Dahn, one of the world's foremost researchers in lithium battery chemistry and aging. E. Elizabeth Patton, elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (2021) and Personal Chair in Melanoma Genetics and Drug Discovery, MRC Human Genetics Unit, Edinburgh.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Clear
Notable politicians who have attended Dalhousie include three Prime Ministers of Canada, R. B. Bennett, Joe Clark, and Brian Mulroney.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Eight graduates have served as Lieutenant Governors: John Crosbie,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Myra Freeman,<ref name=NovPre>Template:Cite web</ref> Clarence Gosse,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> John Keiller MacKay,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Henry Poole MacKeen,<ref name=NovPre /> John Robert Nicholson,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Fabian O'Dea,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Albert Walsh.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Thirteen graduates have served as provincial premiers: Allan Blakeney,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> John Buchanan,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Alex Campbell,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Amor De Cosmos,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Darrell Dexter,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> David Eby,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Joe Ghiz,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> John Hamm,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Angus Lewis Macdonald,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Russell MacLellan,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Gerald Regan,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Gerald Regan's 'amazing' victory">Template:Cite web</ref> Robert Stanfield,<ref name="Gerald Regan's 'amazing' victory"/><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Clyde Wells,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Danny Williams.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The first woman appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada, Bertha Wilson, was a graduate from Dalhousie Law School.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Other notable alumni from the Dalhousie include Lucy Maud Montgomery, an author that wrote a series of novels, including Anne of Green Gables.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Prominent business leaders who studied at Dalhousie include Jamie Baillie, former CEO of Credit Union Atlantic,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Graham Day, former CEO of British Shipbuilders,<ref>Template:Cite magazineTemplate:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore</ref> Sean Durfy, former CEO of WestJet,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Charles Peter McColough, former president and CEO of Xerox.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Fictional representations
[edit]Redmond College, attended by Anne Shirley in L.M. MontgomeryTemplate:'s Anne of the Island, is based on Dalhousie.<ref name="morrison">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="emsley">Template:Cite web</ref>
See also
[edit]- Higher education in Nova Scotia
- List of Canadian universities by endowment
- List of colleges and universities named after people
- List of fraternities and sororities at Dalhousie University
- List of universities in Nova Scotia
Footnotes
[edit]References
[edit]Bibliography
External links
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