Davenport, Iowa
Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox settlement
Davenport (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell) is a city in Scott County, Iowa, United States, and its county seat. It is situated along the Mississippi River on the eastern border of the state. Davenport had a population of 101,724 as of the 2020 census, making it Iowa's third-most populous city, after Des Moines and Cedar Rapids.<ref name="2020-census-1919000" /> It is the largest of the Quad Cities in Iowa and Illinois, a metropolitan area with a population of 384,324 and a combined statistical area population of 474,019.<ref>List of Combined Statistical Areas</ref><ref name=2012Metro>Template:Cite web</ref>
Davenport was founded on May 14, 1836, by Antoine Le Claire and named for his friend, George Davenport. From 1860 until 1980, Davenport enjoyed a long period of industrial and population growth, averaging yearly increases of about 760 people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Over that period, Davenport industries were diverse, from manufacturing locomotives,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> a major meat-packing plant,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> a Caterpillar loader plant,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> a historic movie-projector plant, to car and truck wheel manufacture.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> These and other industries left, and since 1980, population growth has been flat, hovering around 100,000 over the past 40 years.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The city is prone to frequent flooding due to its location on the Mississippi River and the city's resistance to building a modern levee, unlike its sister cities. Davenport's flood wall dates from the 1919,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> while Rock Island's higher flood wall dates from 1970<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Bettendorf's from the 1980s. The latter two protected their respective downtowns during the 2019 flood.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The history and historical costs of proposed levee projects were summarized in 2023 by the local paper after Davenport received national media attention for the 2019 flood.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
There are two main universities: St. Ambrose University and Palmer College of Chiropractic, where the first chiropractic adjustment took place. Several annual music festivals take place in Davenport, including the Mississippi Valley Blues Festival, the Mississippi Valley Fair, and the Bix Beiderbecke Memorial Jazz Festival. An internationally known Template:Convert foot race, called the Bix 7, is run during the festival. The city has a Class A minor-league baseball team, the Quad Cities River Bandits. Davenport has 50 plus parks and facilities, as well as more than Template:Convert of recreational paths for biking or walking.
Three interstates (80, 74 and 280) and two major United States Highways serve the city. Davenport has seen steady population growth since its incorporation. National economic difficulties in the 1980s resulted in job and population losses.
History
[edit]The land was originally inhabited by the Sauk, Meskwaki (Fox), and Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) Native American tribes. France laid claim to this territory as part of its New France and Illinois Country in the 18th century. Its traders and missionaries came to the area from Canada (Quebec), but it did not have many settlers here. After losing to Great Britain in the Seven Years' War, France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi River to the British, and transferred the lands to the west to Spain.
In 1803, France regained and sold its holdings in North America west of the Mississippi River to the United States under the Louisiana Purchase. Lieutenant Zebulon Pike was the first United States representative to officially visit the Upper Mississippi River area. On August 27, 1805, Pike camped on the present-day site of Davenport.<ref name=Fetzer>Template:Cite book</ref>
In 1832, a group of Sauk, Meskwaki, and Kickapoo people were defeated by the United States in the Black Hawk War. The United States government concluded the Black Hawk Purchase, sometimes called the Forty-Mile Strip or Scott's Purchase, by which the US acquired lands in what is now eastern Iowa. The purchase was made for $640,000 on September 21, 1832, and contained an area of some Template:Convert, at a price equivalent to 11 cents/acre ($26/kmTemplate:Sup). Although named after the defeated chief Black Hawk, he was being held prisoner by the US. Sauk chief Keokuk, who had remained neutral in the war, signed off on the purchase. It was made on the site of present-day Davenport. Army General Winfield Scott and Governor of Illinois, John Reynolds, acted on behalf of the United States, with Antoine Le Claire, a mixed-race (Métis) man, serving as translator. He later was credited with founding Davenport.
Chief Keokuk gave a generous portion of land to Antoine Le Claire's wife, Marguerite, the granddaughter of a Sauk chief. Le Claire built their home on the exact spot where the agreement was signed, as stipulated by Keokuk, or he would have forfeited the land. Le Claire finished the 'Treaty House' in the spring of 1833. He founded Davenport on May 14, 1836, naming it for his friend Colonel George Davenport, who was stationed at Fort Armstrong during the war. The city was incorporated on January 25, 1839.<ref name="History1">Template:Cite web</ref> The area was successively governed by the legislatures of the Michigan Territory, the Wisconsin Territory, Iowa Territory and finally Iowa.
Scott County was formed by an act of the Wisconsin Territorial legislature in 1837.<ref name=ScottForm>Template:Cite web</ref> Both Davenport and its neighbor Rockingham campaigned to become the county seat. The city with the most votes from Scott County citizens in the February 1838 election would become the county seat. On the eve of the election, Davenport citizens acquired the temporary service of Dubuque laborers so they could vote in the election. Davenport won the election with the help of the laborers. Rockingham supporters protested the elections to the territorial governor, on the grounds the laborers from Dubuque were not Scott County residents. The governor refused to certify the results of the election. A second election was held the following August. To avoid another import of voters, the governor set a 60-day residency requirement for all voters. Davenport won by two votes. Because the margin of victory was so close, a third election was held in the summer of 1840. As the August election drew nearer, Rockingham residents grew tired of the county seat cause. Davenport easily won the third election. Consequently, to avoid questions about the county seat, Davenport quickly built the first county courthouse.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport A Pictorial History p. 19">Svendsen, Davenport A Pictorial History p. 19</ref>
The Rock Island Railroad built the first railroad bridge across the Mississippi River in 1856. It connected Davenport to Rock Island, Illinois.<ref name="Bridge">Template:Cite web</ref> This railway connection resulted in significant improvements to transportation and commerce with Chicago, a booming 19th-century city. The addition of new railroad lines to Muscatine and Iowa City, and the acquisition of other lines by the Rock Island Railroad, resulted in Davenport becoming a commercial railroad hub.<ref name=Fetzer/>
Steamboat companies rightly saw nationwide railroads as a threat to their business. On May 6, 1856, just weeks after the bridge was completed, a steamboat captain deliberately crashed the Effie Afton into the bridge. The owner of the Effie Afton, John Hurd, filed a lawsuit against the Rock Island Railroad Company. Abraham Lincoln was the lead defense lawyer for the railroad company.<ref name="Bridge" /> The hung jury meant that neither party was awarded damages; the bridge was repaired within the span of a few months, and no further intentional sabotage was pursued. However, further litigation continued for many years, until ultimately the United States Supreme Court upheld the right to bridge navigable streams; the bridge, and others like it that had been built in the interim, were allowed to remain.<ref name=Court>Template:Cite web</ref>
Prior to the start of the Civil War, Governor Samuel J. Kirkwood declared Davenport to be Iowa's first military headquarters; five military camps were set up in the city to aid the Union.<ref name=Svendsen12>Svendsen, Davenport A Pictorial History p. 12</ref>
The Davenport City Hall was built in 1895 for price of $100,000 ($Template:Formatprice in Template:Inflation-year dollars). Template:Inflation-fn Architectural journals of the time poked fun at the project due to the small amount of money budgeted.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport A Pictorial History p. 88">Svendsen, Davenport A Pictorial History p. 88</ref> The skyline began forming in the 1920s with the construction of the Kahl Building, the Parker Building, and the Capitol Theatre during a period of economic and building expansion.
By 1932, thousands of Davenport residents were on public relief, due to the Great Depression. A shantytown of the poor developed in the west end of the city, along the Mississippi River. Sickness, hunger, and unsanitary living conditions plagued the area.
The situation would soon change, as many citizens went to work for the Works Progress Administration. Davenport had an economic boom during and after World War II, driven by wartime industry and peacetime demand. As Davenport grew, it absorbed smaller surrounding communities, annexing Rockingham, Nahant, Probstei, East Davenport, Oakdale, Cawiezeel, Blackhawk, Mt. Joy, Green Tree, and others. Oscar Mayer, Ralston Purina, and other companies built plants in west Davenport. The Interstate highway network reached Davenport in 1956, improving transportation in the area. By 1959, more than 1,000 homes a year were being constructed.
By the late 1970s, the good times were over for both downtown and local businesses and industries. Railroad restructuring in the mid-20th century had caused a loss of jobs in the industry. The farm crisis of the 1980s negatively affected Davenport and the rest of the Quad Cities, where a total of 35,000 workers lost their jobs throughout the entire Quad Cities area.<ref name="History3" /> Restructuring of heavy industry also continued: the Caterpillar plant on the city's north side closed, causing another wave of job loss.<ref name="History3"/>
With the 1990s, the city finally showed the beginnings of a resurgence.<ref name="History3">Template:Cite web</ref> In the early 21st century, many renovations and building additions have occurred to revitalize the downtown area, including repairing Modern Woodmen Park, the building of the Skybridge and the Figge Art Museum. In 2011, the Gold Coast and Hamburg Historic District was named as a 2011 "America's Great Place" by the American Planning Association.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Geography
[edit]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert is water.<ref name="gaz2020">Template:Cite web</ref> Davenport is located approximately Template:Convert west of Chicago and Template:Convert east of the Iowa state capital of Des Moines. The city is located about Template:Convert north of St. Louis, Missouri, and Template:Convert southeast of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Farmland surrounds Davenport, outside the Quad Cities area.
Davenport is located on the banks of the Mississippi River. At this point the river has a maximum depth of around Template:Convert and is Template:Convert wide where the Centennial Bridge crosses it. The river flows from east to west in this area, as opposed to its usual north to south direction.<ref name=Flow>Template:Cite web</ref> From the river the city starts to slope north up a hill, which is steep at some points. The streets of the city, especially downtown and in the central part of the town, follow a grid design.
Davenport often makes national headlines when it suffers seasonal flooding by the Mississippi River.<ref name="QCTimes" /> It is the largest city bordering the Mississippi that has no permanent flood wall or levee.<ref name=NYTimes>Template:Cite news</ref> Davenport residents prefer to maintain open access to the river for parks and vistas rather than have it cut off by dikes and levees. Davenport has adopted ordinances requiring any new construction in the floodplain to be elevated above the 100-year-flood level, or protected with walls. As a result, former mayor Phil Yerington said that if they "let Mother Nature take her course, we'll all be better off".<ref name="QCTimes">Template:Cite news</ref> An example of a Davenport building that is elevated or flood-proofed is the Figge Art Museum.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Climate
[edit]
Under the Köppen climate classification, Davenport is considered to have a humid continental climate (Dfa). Summers are very warm to hot with high levels of humidity. Winters have cold temperatures and often high winds, with snow likely from November through February. Average snowfall in Davenport is Template:Convert per year.<ref name="snow">Template:Cite web</ref> January is on average the coldest month, while July is the warmest.<ref name="weather.com">Template:Cite web</ref> The highest temperature recorded in Davenport was Template:Convert on July 12, 1936.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The lowest temperature, Template:Convert, was recorded on January 18, 2009.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Substantial weather changes frequently occur at three- to four-day intervals as a result of mid-latitude storm tracks, which is where low and high pressure extratropical disturbances occur.<ref name="NOAA2">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> During the summers, farmers experience difficulties while farming such as shallow soil, the humidity, and cold damp winds<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Although several minor tornadoes have occurred, no devastating tornado has ever touched down in Davenport.<ref name="Tornado">Template:Cite news</ref> Flooding, however, is often a problem in Davenport due to the lack of a flood wall. During the Great Flood of 1993, the water crested at Template:Convert on July 9.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> This is nearly Template:Convert above the Template:Convert flood stage. Major flooding in Davenport causes many problems. Roads in and around the downtown area, including U.S. Route 67, are closed and cause increased traffic on other city roads. The effects of major flooding can be long-lasting. For example, during the 2008 flooding, Credit Island in the city's southwest corner remained closed for 5½ months while crews worked on cleaning up damage and removing river debris.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Duck Creek, a stream situated in Bettendorf and Davenport, is also vulnerable to flash flooding. Severe thunderstorms on June 16, 1990, created heavy flash flooding in Bettendorf and Davenport that killed four people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Another major flood happened on June 12, 2008, when severe thunderstorms caused Duck Creek to overflow its banks and flood properties and nearby streets (see Iowa flood of 2008).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Mississippi river flooded again in 2019 and 2023.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Quad Cities weatherbox
Neighborhoods
[edit]
Davenport has several neighborhoods dating back to the 1840s.<ref name=Commission>Historic Preservation in Davenport, Iowa, p. 17</ref> The original city plot was around current day Ripley and 5th Streets, where Antoine Le Claire had built his house. The city can be divided into five areas: downtown, central, east end, near north and northwest, and west end. Many architectural designs are found throughout the city including Victorian, Queen Anne, Tudor Revival, and others.<ref>Historic Preservation in Davenport, Iowa, p. 12</ref> Many of the original neighborhoods were inhabited by German settlers.<ref name="Commission"/>
The east side of the city dates back to 1850 and has always contained higher end housing. The proximity and commanding view of the river kept these neighborhoods a fashionable address, long after the original families departed.<ref>Historic Preservation in Davenport, Iowa, p. 31</ref> Lindsay Park, in The Village of East Davenport, was used as parade grounds for Civil War soldiers from Camp McClellan.<ref name=Svendsen12/>
In contrast to the east side, the central and west neighborhoods originally contained many of the working class Germans who settled the town. Development on the west side started in the 1850s, with extensive construction occurring in the 1870s.<ref>Historic Preservation in Davenport, Iowa, p. 36</ref> Housing was mostly one and a half to two-story front gable American Foursquare and simplified Queen Anne style. The central Hamburg neighborhood, now known as the Hamburg Historic District, contains the most architecturally significant residences in the old German neighborhoods.<ref>Historic Preservation in Davenport, Iowa, p. 19</ref> Also in central Davenport, the Vander Veer Park Historic District is a neighborhood anchored by Vander Veer Park, a large park with a botanical garden and a fountain. The park was modeled after New York City's Central Park and originally shared its name.<ref name=Pres35>Historic Preservation in Davenport, Iowa, p. 35</ref> Vander Veer is surrounded by large Queen Anne and Tudor Revival style houses that were built between 1895 and 1915. Development of the Vander Veer Park was one of the first major beautification efforts.<ref name=Pres35/>
Today, the eastern side of Davenport still contains many of the higher class houses in the city. The old Civil War parade grounds, in The Village of East Davenport ("The Village" for short), have been turned into Lindsay Park, which is surrounded by small specialty shops. West of The Village, Downtown contains the two tallest buildings in the Quad Cities; the Wells Fargo Bank Building, which is 255 feet tall, and the Mid-American Energy Building, which is 220 feet tall.<ref name="Buildings2">Template:Cite news</ref> Other tall buildings include the 11-story Hotel Blackhawk, the 150-foot Kahl Building and the Davenport City Hall.<ref name="Buildings">Template:Cite news</ref>
Demographics
[edit]Template:See also Template:US Census population
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref> | Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> | Template:Partial<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> | % 2000 | % 2010 | Template:Partial |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 79,972 | 76,404 | 72,246 | 81.3% | 76.65% | 71.02% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 8,917 | 10,465 | 11,833 | 9.1% | 10.50% | 11.63% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 303 | 270 | 223 | 0.3% | 0.27% | 0.22% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 1,947 | 2,140 | 2,224 | 2.0% | 2.15% | 2.19% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 21 | 36 | 35 | 0.02% | 0.04% | 0.03% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 138 | 128 | 292 | 0.1% | 0.13% | 0.29% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 1,793 | 2,987 | 5,890 | 1.8% | 3.00% | 5.79% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 5,268 | 7,255 | 8,981 | 5.4% | 7.28% | 8.83% |
| Total | 98,359 | 99,685 | 101,724 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the census of 2020,<ref name="2020-census-1919000">Template:Cite web</ref> the population was 101,724. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 46,964 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 74.1% White, 12.0% Black or African American, 2.2% Asian, 0.4% Native American, 2.6% from other races, and 8.7% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 8.8% Hispanic or Latino of any race.
2010 census
[edit]According to the 2010 United States Census estimate, the city population grew to 99,685 and the Quad Cities metropolitan area grew to 379,690.<ref name=2010pop>Template:Cite web Template:Dead linkTemplate:CbignoreNote: Quad City population is equivalent to adding up the populations of Scott County, Iowa and Rock Island, Mercer, and Henry Counties in Illinois.</ref>
2000 census
[edit]As of the 2000 census, there were 98,359 people, 39,124 households, and 24,804 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 41,350 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. Davenport's population density was 30 times the average density of Iowa and 20 times the average density of the United States.<ref name=USpopden>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=IApopden/> However, it was about a third less than Des Moines and 20 percent less than Cedar Rapids, the only two cities in Iowa with higher populations than Davenport. Sioux City, the next city smaller than Davenport in population, had a density of 5 people more per square mile.<ref name=USpopden/><ref name=IApopden>Template:Cite web</ref>
The racial makeup of the area was 83.7% White (410,861), 11.43% Black or African American (27,757), 0.4% American Indian and Alaskan Native (1,255), 2.0% Asian (6,624), 0.03% Pacific Islander (156), and 2.0% from two or more races (11,929). 7.1% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race (37,070).<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> There were 39,124 households, out of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.0% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.6% were non-families. Of all households, 29.5% were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.03.<ref name="GR2" />
Age spread: 26.2% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 30.1% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males.<ref name="GR2" /><ref name="Davcensusfacts">Template:Cite web</ref>
Economy
[edit]Davenport's biggest labor industry is manufacturing, with over 7,600 jobs in the sector.<ref name=Census>Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref> John Deere is the second largest employer in the Quad Cities, after the Rock Island Arsenal as a whole. Deere, however, is the largest single employer, employing 7,200 workers in the Quad Cities and 948 on its north side Davenport plant.<ref name=2010Budget/><ref name=Deere>Template:Cite news</ref> John Deere World Headquarters is located in Moline. Other large employers in Davenport and the Quad Cities include, Genesis Health System with 5,125 employees and 4,900 in Davenport, Trinity Regional Health System with 3,333, regional grocery store Hy-Vee with 3,138 and the Davenport Community School District with 2,237 employees.<ref name=Deere/>
Davenport is the headquarters for department store Von Maur, which has 24 stores.<ref name=VonMaur2>Template:Cite news</ref> Davenport is also the headquarters of Lee Enterprises, which publishes fifty daily newspapers and more than 300 weekly newspapers, shoppers, and specialty publications, along with online sites in 23 states.<ref name=Lee>Template:Cite news</ref> As of September 2009, the unemployment rate in Davenport and the rest of the Quad Cities, had risen to 8.4%.<ref name=Labor>Template:Cite web</ref>
The median income for a household in the city was $40,378, with families earning $51,445.<ref name=Census2>Template:Cite web</ref> Males had a median income of $41,853 versus $30,002 for females.<ref name=Census2/> The per capita income for the city was $18,828. About 10.5% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.2% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those ages 65 or over.
The surrounding Quad Cities have major places of employment, including the Rock Island Arsenal,<ref name=Arsenal>Template:Cite news</ref> KONE, Inc and Alcoa.
Arts and culture
[edit]Landmarks
[edit]
Downtown Davenport has many points of interest including the Davenport Public Library, the Davenport Skybridge, Figge Art Museum, River Music Experience, Putnam Museum, the RiverCenter/Adler Theater, Modern Woodmen Park which is home of the Quad City River Bandits baseball team and the Centennial Bridge. The former Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Freight House, now known as The Freight House, is home to several small businesses featuring locally grown items, such as a deli, a grocery hub, and a tap room for a local brewery.
Davenport's cultural and educational institutions include the Figge Art Museum, which houses The National Center for Midwest Art and Design, and was founded in 1925 as the Davenport Municipal Art Gallery.<ref name=Figge>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=Figge2>Template:Cite news</ref> The Putnam Museum, which was founded in 1867 and was one of the first museums west of the Mississippi River.<ref name=Museum>Template:Cite news</ref> The Quad City Symphony Orchestra, headquartered in downtown Davenport, was founded in 1915.<ref name=QCSO>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Dead link</ref> The Davenport Public Library was opened in 1839.<ref name="Davenport Public Library">Template:Cite web</ref> The German American Heritage Center is located at the foot of the Centennial Bridge.
Uptown features a few historic landmarks such as the Iowa Soldiers' Orphans' Home which took in homeless children from all of Iowa's ninety-nine counties following the Civil War<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport A Pictorial History p. 54">Svendsen, Davenport A Pictorial History p. 54</ref> and Ambrose Hall which was the original building of St. Ambrose University.<ref name=Schmidt>Template:Cite book</ref> Aside from landmarks, uptown contains some entertainment venues too, such as the Great Mississippi Valley Fairgrounds, which hosts fairs, stock car racing, and many other events. NorthPark Mall is the city's main shopping mall and has 160 stores. Its companion, SouthPark Mall, is located in Moline. Brady Street Stadium is home to Davenport high school and Saint Ambrose University football games. Davenport has a number of parks, including Credit Island park which has a bike path, baseball diamonds, tennis courts, and fishing along the Mississippi River. Vander Veer Botanical Park has a small botanical garden and also features a walking path, a lagoon, and a large fountain.<ref name="Vander Veer">Template:Cite web</ref> The Stampe Lilac Garden is located in Duck Creek Park, on Locust St.
Events and festivals
[edit]Bix Fest is a three-day music festival with many traditional jazz bands held in tribute to internationally renowned jazz cornetist, pianist, composer, and Davenport native Bix Beiderbecke. The festival was started in August 1971 and the Bix Beiderbecke Memorial Society was founded one year later to organize and sponsor it.<ref>Svendsen, Davenport A Pictorial History p. 82</ref> 2009 was the 39th consecutive festival. In addition to the Bix Fest, the Wells Fargo Street Fest features live music, food, and vendors.
The annual Bix 7 is a Template:Convert road race held in late July in Davenport. The race was founded in 1975 by John A. Hudetz a resident of Bettendorf, Iowa, who wanted to bring to the Quad Cities some of the excitement he felt when he ran his first Boston Marathon.<ref name=BixTimes/> The first race had 84 participants, but today 12,000 to 18,000 runners take part.<ref name=BixTimes>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In late July or early August the six-day Great Mississippi Valley Fair features major grandstand concerts, carnival rides, attractions, and food vendors.<ref name=Fair>Template:Cite news</ref> Sturgis on the River is a large annual gathering of motorcycles which includes bands and food vendors.<ref name=Sturgis>Template:Cite news</ref> Other local expositions include River Roots Live, Beaux Arts Fair and many others.
Livability Award
[edit]Davenport (along with neighboring Rock Island, Illinois), won the 2007 City Livability Award in the small-city category from the U.S. Conference of Mayors. Tom Cochran, executive director of the Conference, stated that the award "gives the Conference a chance to highlight mayoral leadership in making urban areas safer, cleaner and more livable."<ref name="Award">Template:Cite web</ref> The award acknowledges achievements from the RiverVision plan of Davenport and Rock Island.<ref name=Award2>Template:Cite news</ref>
Sports
[edit]Davenport and the Quad Cities are home to many sports teams. The Quad Cities River Bandits baseball team play games at Downtown Davenport's Modern Woodmen Park. The TaxSlayer Center in Moline is home the Quad City Steamwheelers indoor football team and the Quad City Storm hockey team. Davenport high schools are in the Mississippi Athletic Conference for sports.
Parks and recreation
[edit]
Davenport has over fifty parks or recreational trails.<ref name=Parks3/> Major parks include Credit Island, which is a Template:Convert park in southwest Davenport located alongside the Mississippi River.<ref name=Parks3/> Fejervary Park contains a pool and has had approximately 20,000 visitors each year since 1996.<ref name=Parks3/> Junge Park is situated along the Duck Creek Parkway and includes baseball and softball fields, sand volleyball, and basketball courts.<ref name=Parks3/> LeClaire Park is located right on the banks of the Mississippi River next to Modern Woodmen Park and hosts many summer events including River Roots Live and Ribfest.<ref name=Roots>Template:Cite news</ref> Bands for the Bix Fest play in the park each July. Vander Veer Botanical Park welcomes approximately 25,000 visitors to continuous floral shows.<ref name=Parks3/>
The city features two recreational trails for biking or walking. Duck Creek Parkway extends from Emeis Park in west Davenport Template:Convert east to Bettendorf along Duck Creek. Riverfront Parkway extends Template:Convert along the Mississippi waterfront from Credit Island to Bettendorf. Both these trails continue into Bettendorf.<ref name="Parks3">Template:Cite web</ref> Plans are being discussed to connect the two trails in Riverdale.<ref name=Trail>Template:Cite news</ref> Three public golf courses are offered in the city.<ref name=Parks2>Template:Cite web</ref> For river-related activities, The Channel Cat boat offers rides across the river and has two stops in Iowa and three stops in Illinois and connects the bike paths that each state has on its river front.<ref>Channel Cat Water Taxi – Routes Template:Webarchive MetroLink. Retrieved 2009-08-22.</ref>
Government
[edit]
Davenport uses a mayor–council form of local government. Template:As of, city government consists of mayor Mike Matson<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and a ten-person council. One person is elected from each of the eight wards and two at-large aldermen are elected to represent the whole city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Nonpartisan elections are held in odd-numbered years. The mayor is the top elected individual for the city and presides over city council meetings, voting in case of a tie. The mayor appoints city board members.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The city council's job is to make laws and set the city budget.<ref name="Council">Template:Cite web</ref> The city administrator, currently Corrin Spiegel, is appointed by the mayor with confirmation by two-thirds of the council. Citywide goals through 2012 include having a financially responsible government, having a growing economy, revitalizing neighborhoods, and upgrading city infrastructure and public facilities.<ref name="Goals">Template:Cite web</ref> The establishment of Davenport as a political and government unit came in 1839, three years after the city was settled.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7-1">Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836–1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7–1</ref> The city was incorporated as a result of a resolution by Iowa Representative Jonathan W. Parker by special charter in the Iowa Territory on January 25, 1839.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7-1"/> Parker was a resident of Davenport and one of six trustees elected to govern the city with Rodolphus Bennet being the first mayor. Activity for the first four months was minimal as the council failed to meet.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7-1"/> In 1842, the city charter was amended for the first time. Changes include having six alderman replace the five trustees, dividing the city into three wards, and appointing a city clerk position to replace the recorder.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7-1"/> The charter was amended again in 1851 to expand the city area, provide greater detail of the duties of the mayor, city council, and other officials.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7-1"/> During the last half of the 19th century, government assumed expanding responsibilities for public welfare and public works improvements.
The city expanded police protection, even temporarily having volunteer police officers to assist the three paid officers.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7-1"/> Fire protection was expanded in 1882, with the city's first 13 paid firefighters.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7-1"/> Former mayor Henry Vollmer accomplished several public works achievements, including large street paving and new sub-divisions being plotted.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites pp. 7-1"/> A large city budget surplus brought the creation of the Davenport City Hall.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites p. 7-2">Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836–1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites p. 7-2</ref> After 1900, each mayor brought new agendas for city improvement. Waldo Becker encouraged new railroads for the city. He also promised a more business-like government, in terms of financial responsibility and to depoliticize the police department. In the mid-1920s the city established the first zoning ordinances, electrical traffic signals and street lighting. The city also expanded with the incorporation of the city of Rockingham and the establishment of the Davenport Municipal Airport.<ref name="Svendsen, Davenport historical survey report : a thematic history of Davenport, Iowa, 1836-1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites p. 7-2"/>
The 2010 fiscal year budget was $199.2 million,<ref name=2010Budget/> an increase of $35 million from 2009.<ref name=2010Budget>Template:Cite web</ref> The city's general fund receives the largest amount of funds from property taxes, followed by service fees such as solid waste collection and swimming pool or golf course admission and 80% of its expenses go to personnel costs.<ref name=2010Budget/> The city has given a few surveys for citizens to rate the quality of life and city services. The largest department in the city is the public works department with a budget of $36.7 million.<ref name=2010Budget/> The police department is second with a budget of $22.4 million, while the fire department has a budget of $15 million.<ref name=2010Budget/> The parks department has $6.1 million, and the Davenport Public Library has a $3.8 million budget.<ref name=2010Budget/>
At the federal level, Davenport is in Iowa's 1st congressional district. It is represented by Republican Mariannette Miller-Meeks. The two Senators are Republicans Chuck Grassley and Joni Ernst. At the state level, Davenport is represented by the 45th, 46th, and 47th Iowa Senate districts and in the Iowa House of Representatives by the 89th, 90th, 92nd, 93rd, and 94th districts.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:As of, the 41st senate district covers the eastern third of the city and all of Bettendorf, Riverdale, and Panorama Park. It is more conservative than other Davenport districts being represented by a Republican since the 1970s. The district is slightly moving more liberal with an increase of 3,000 Democrats between 2006 and 2010.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The district is represented by Republican Senator Roby Smith.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The 42nd district covers the western third of the city along with all of Scott County that is not in Davenport, Bettendorf, Riverdale, or Panorama Park as well as western and southern rural Clinton County and is represented by Republican Senator Shawn Hamerlinck.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The 43rd senate district covers the central third of the city and is represented by Democrat Joe Seng.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The 81st house district covers the eastern third of the city along with small western portion of Bettendorf. The district shares the same western boundaries as the forty-first senate district. The district is represented by Democrat Phyllis Thede.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The 84th district covers the western third of the city, and has the same eastern boundary as Senate district forty-two and is represented by Republican Ross Paustian.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The 85th and 86th districts are made up of the same area as the forty-third senate district. The 85th district covers the north and west-central area while the 86th district covers southern and eastern part of the senate district.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both are represented by Democrats with Jim Lykam representing the 85th and Cindy Winckler representing the 86th.
Davenport has a Federal Court House for the United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa.
| Name | Congressional District | Party |
|---|---|---|
| Mariannette Miller-Meeks | 1st District | Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican |
| Name | District | Party |
|---|---|---|
| Jim Lykam | District 45 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic |
| Mark S. Lofgren | District 46 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican |
| Roby Smith | District 47 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican |
| Name | District | Party |
|---|---|---|
| Monica Kurth | District 89 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic |
| Cindy Winckler | District 90 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic |
| Ross Paustian | District 92 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican |
| Phyllis Thede | District 93 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Democratic |
| Gary Mohr | District 94 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Republican |
Education
[edit]
Template:For Davenport public schools serve nearly 14,500<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> students in the communities of Davenport, Blue Grass, Buffalo, and Walcott. The Davenport Community School District is the fourth-largest school district in Iowa. Davenport has four public high schools: Central, West, Mid City<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and North and one private high school: Assumption. There are six public intermediate schools and 23 public elementary schools.<ref name=School2>Template:Cite web</ref> Sudlow, one of the intermediate schools, was named after Phebe Sudlow, the first female public school superintendent in the United States.<ref name=Sudlow>Template:Cite web</ref> She was superintendent for Davenport schools from 1874 to 1878.<ref name=Sudlow/> The high schools are part of the Mississippi Athletic Conference for sports.
The city has four colleges and universities: Saint Ambrose University, established in 1882, is the oldest; Kaplan University, Palmer Chiropractic College, and Hamilton Technical College. Palmer College is the first chiropractic school and the site of the first chiropractic adjustment in the world.<ref name=Palmer>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=Palmer2>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=Palmer3>Template:Cite web</ref>
Marycrest International University was a university in Davenport from 1939 to 2002, when it closed. The campus was renovated and adapted to senior citizen housing.<ref name=Marycrest>Template:Cite news</ref>
Media
[edit]
Template:Further There are two major daily newspapers in Davenport. The Quad-City Times is based out of Davenport and The Dispatch/Rock Island Argus is based out of Moline. An alternative free newspaper, the River Cities' Reader, is published in Davenport. All four major television networks have stations in the area, including KWQC (NBC) and KLJB (Fox) in Davenport. WHBF (CBS) is located in Rock Island and WQAD (ABC) is in Moline.
The Quad Cities ranks as the 97th largest market for television<ref name=TV>Template:Cite web</ref> and the 147th largest market for radio.<ref name="Arbitron">Template:Cite web</ref> Radio station WOC made its local broadcasting debut on February 18, 1922. It was the second licensed station on the air.<ref name="History2">Template:Cite web</ref> In 1933, WOC hired future president Ronald Reagan as a staff announcer.<ref name="History2" />
Infrastructure
[edit]Transportation
[edit]
Three interstate highways serve Davenport: Interstate 80, Interstate 280, and Interstate 74. Interstate 88 serves the Illinois Quad Cities and runs east to Chicago. U.S. Route 6, U.S. Route 61, and U.S. Route 67 also go through Davenport; U.S. 67 crosses over to Illinois via the Rock Island Centennial Bridge. Davenport is connected to the Illinois side of the Quad Cities by a total of three bridges across the Mississippi River. The Government Bridge and the Centennial Bridge connect Downtown Davenport with the Rock Island Arsenal and downtown Rock Island, respectively. The I-280 Bridge connects the western edge of Davenport with the western edge of Rock Island.
Other highways include Iowa Highway 22, which is on the city's southwest side, and Iowa Highway 130, which runs along Northwest Boulevard on Davenport's north edge. For air travel, Davenport Municipal Airport – located adjacent to the city's northern city limits – serves smaller aircraft, and is the home of the annual Quad City Airshow. The Quad City International Airport across the river in Moline, Illinois, is the closest commercial airport. Major railroads include the Iowa Interstate Railroad and the Iowa, Chicago and Eastern. Two national U.S. recreation trails intersect in Davenport: the Mississippi River Trail and the American Discovery Trail.
Amtrak currently does not serve Davenport or the Quad Cities. The closest station currently is about Template:Convert away in Galesburg, Illinois. In 2008, United States Senators Tom Harkin, Chuck Grassley, Dick Durbin, and Barack Obama sent a letter to Amtrak asking them to begin plans to bring rail service to the Quad Cities.<ref name=Amtrak>Template:Cite news</ref> In October 2010, a $230 million federal fund was announced that will bring Amtrak service to the Quad Cities, with a new line running from Moline to Chicago. They had hoped to have the line completed in 2015, and offer two round trips daily to Chicago.<ref name=Amtrak2>Template:Cite news</ref> Currently the Moline station does not have any Amtrak service. Greyhound Lines/Burlington Trailways bus service has a station in Davenport. The building is shared with the local Davenport Citibus.<ref name=Bus/> Davenport does not have any river ports.
Davenport has an infamous "truck-eating bridge".<ref name=Truck>Template:Cite news</ref> The bridge, or rather three bridges, is a set of railroad bridges that cross over north and southbound U.S. Route 61 and another street. Every year an average of 12 semi trucks hit the bridge, usually causing massive damage to the trucks.<ref name=Truck/> The bridges, made out of iron, steel, and concrete, are rarely damaged.<ref name=Truck/>
Davenport Citibus
[edit]Template:Main Public transit appeared in Davenport in 1969 when the city created a City Transit Authority.<ref name=Bus>Template:Cite web</ref> The authority at first provided monetary support to Davenport City Lines Bus Company, which was a privately owned company. After a few years the city purchased the Davenport City Lines and placed the operation of public transportation under the jurisdiction of the city's Department of Municipal Transportation. Today, CitiBus is a division of the Department of Public Works. CitiBus has a total of 20 vehicles and covers approximately Template:Convert of the city. CitiBus connects with both Bettendorf Transit and the Illinois Quad Cities mass transit system, MetroLINK.<ref name=Bus/> In 2007 Citibus saw a ridership of 1,022,815 customers. Ridership as of September 2008 had grown to 1,045,000 due in part to high gas prices.<ref name=Bus2>Template:Cite news</ref>
Utilities
[edit]
Electricity to Davenport, and the rest of the Iowa Quad Cities, is provided by MidAmerican Energy Company. Water is provided by the Mississippi River and is treated by the Iowa American Water Company. The water treatment facility is located in southeast Davenport.
Health care
[edit]Davenport is served by two hospitals: Genesis Medical Center East – Rusholme Street and Genesis Medical Center – West Central Park Avenue part of the Genesis Health System. Together the facilities, along with two other facilities outside Davenport have 665 beds.<ref name=Genesis>Template:Cite web</ref> The hospitals employ more than 600 physicians and 5,000 staff members.<ref name=Genesis/> The American Nurses Credentialing Center, awarded Genesis Medical Center the Magnet designation for excellence in nursing services.<ref name=Genesis2>Template:Cite news</ref> Fewer than three percent of hospitals receive this honor.<ref name=Genesis2/>
Notable people (Davenporters)
[edit]Template:See also Music
Guitarist and vocalist John Kadlecik, who founded The Dark Star Orchestra and toured with the members of The Grateful Dead in the band Furthur, also grew up in Davenport, as well as rapper Dave Blunts. Jazz musician Bix Beiderbecke, after whom the Bix 7 road race and jazz festival are named.
Sports
Sports figures born in Davenport include former middleweight and super-middle champion of the world in boxing Michael Nunn, NFL running back Roger Craig, NFL offensive lineman Julian Vandervelde, former NBA guard Ricky Davis, former NBA G-League guard Marlon Stewart, UFC welterweight champion Robbie Lawler, NFL wide receiver Kenny Shedd, and professional wrestler Seth Rollins.
Politics
The former mayor of St. Louis, Lyda Krewson.
Artists
Actors Stuart Margolin, Lara Flynn Boyle, Sue Lyon, Linnea Quigley, and Greg Stolze, and Jock Mahoney are from Davenport. The artist Isabel Bloom was raised in Davenport; she is the creator of decorative concrete figurines that bear her name.
Innovators
Other natives include the aviation pioneer Samuel Cody and Otto Frederick Rohwedder the inventor of mass-produced sliced bread.
Film, theater, and literary references
[edit]- Bix Beiderbecke recorded a song in 1925 called "Davenport Blues".
- In the bed department scene of the Marx Brothers 1941 movie "The Big Store" Groucho tells a man to "Just press that button over by the davenport.". The man replies "Where is the davenport?" and Groucho replies "It's in Iowa.".
- The 1958 Johnny Cash song, "Big River", also later recorded by Bill Monroe and other artists, mentions "cavortin' in Davenport."
- Davenport is one of eight cities listed in the song "Iowa Stubborn" from the 1957 musical The Music Man.
- In the film Tommy Boy, Richard Hayden attempts to get directions to a business appointment in Davenport from a service station 22 miles away on the Illinois side of the river, but the employee tells him to get a new map.
Sister cities
[edit]Davenport's sister cities are:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Template:Flagicon Kaiserslautern, Germany (1960)
- Template:Flagicon Ilhéus, Brazil (2005)
- Template:Flagicon County Carlow, Ireland (2006)
Friendship cities
[edit]Davenport has friendly relations with:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Template:Flagicon Langfang, China (2018)
- Template:Flagicon Colón, Mexico
See also
[edit]- African Americans in Davenport, Iowa
- Bucktown, Davenport
- List of tallest buildings in the Quad Cities
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]Citations
[edit]Sources
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Plan and Zoning Commission, Historic Preservation in Davenport, Iowa for Inclusion in the Davenport Comprehensive Plan, Davenport (1985) Template:OCLC
- Svendsen, Marlys, Davenport A Pictorial History, (1987) Davenport: G. Bradley Publishing, Inc., Template:ISBN
- Svendsen, Marlys, Davenport Historical Survey Report : A Thematic History of Davenport, Iowa, 1836–1940 with reference to buildings, structures & sites, (1980) Davenport, Template:OCLC
External links
[edit]Template:Davenport Template:Quad Cities Template:Scott County, Iowa Template:Iowa county seats Template:Authority control