Kellogg, Idaho

Kellogg is a city in the Silver Valley of Shoshone County, Idaho, United States, in the Idaho Panhandle region. The city lies near the Coeur d'Alene National Forest and about 36 miles (58 km) east-southeast of Coeur d'Alene along Interstate 90. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a total population of 2,120, down by a third from its population in 1980.

History

File:Idaho - Kellogg through Ketchum - NARA - 23939441 (cropped).jpg

Bunker Hill Mill in Kellogg, 1938

File:Bunker Hill smelter operating in winter snow, 1970s.jpg

Bunker Hill smelter in operation during the 1970s

File:WLA hmns Pyromorphite 3.jpg

Pyromorphite specimen from the Bunker Hill Mine

Kellogg was incorporated in 1907. The city limits included mine property in 1955, and smelter property in 1956. The population in 1960 was about 6000.<ref name="Aiken">Template:Cite book</ref>

Kellogg is named after a prospector named Noah Kellogg.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The city became a center of mining for silver. Nearly a century of mine operations produced an extensive amount of silver. There was also a history of disputes between union miners and mine owners as workers tried to improve their conditions, including wages and safety conditions. With declining yield, the Bunker Hill Mine (& smelter) closed in 1981. Thousands lost their jobs, and the mining operations resulted in regional lead contamination of water and soil. Other mines reduced operations, as well.

Since the mines closed, Kellogg has been developing as a resort town to take advantage of its mountains for skiing and other activities.<ref name=gondsprk>Template:Cite news</ref> By 1990 a Template:Convert long track gave access by gondola from the city of Kellogg to an alpine ski lodge at Template:Convert on Kellogg Mountain.<ref name=fptwim>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=dnidhsc>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=hchrgop>Template:Cite news</ref>

Condos, hotels, restaurants, shops, a water park, and a golf course have been developed in relation to Silver Mountain Resort on Kellogg Mountain. The city of Kellogg was featured in The New York Times travel section in 2008 as an up-and-coming resort town.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The Silver Mountain Resort is an alpine ski area which includes Kellogg Peak at Template:Convert<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Wardner Peak (Template:Convert). It is accessed by taking the world's longest single-cabin gondola.<ref name=fptwim/>

Sunshine Mine

In May 1972, the Sunshine Mine of Kellogg was the site of one of the worst U.S. mining accidents, resulting in a fire that caused the deaths of 91 miners. Eight days after the fire started, two men emerged from the mine. They were found on the 4800 ft (1463 m) level of the mine near a fresh air source. All others trapped in the mine had died.

In the aftermath, the government passed new safety regulations. Every miner in the U.S. now carries a "self-rescuer" (a breathing apparatus made with hopcalite and much simpler than a SCBA), which gives the miner a chance to avoid death due to carbon monoxide poisoning.

Sunshine Mine remained open until February 16, 2001, producing 360 million troy ounces (11,000,000 kg) of silver. Template:As of Sterling Mining has plans to continue exploration and development of the mine, exercising an option the company purchased in 2003.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">Template:Cite web</ref>

File:1907KelloggIdaho geologicmap.png

1907 Geological map of Kellogg, and the locations of the Last Chance, Bunker Hill and Sullivan mines

Climate

Kellogg has a mixture of a dry-summer continental climate and a cold mediterranean climate. The area is prone to both heat spikes and cold snaps in spite of fairly moderate averages. The record heat was Template:Convert in August 1961 and the record cold was Template:Convert in December 1968.<ref name=NOWData/> The coldest daily maximum recorded was Template:Convert during said 1968 cold snap.<ref name=NOWData/> On average between 1991 and 2020, the coldest maximum stood at Template:Convert.<ref name=NOWData/> Diurnal temperature variation is quite low in winter but very high in summer. As a result, warm summer nights are rare. The warmest on record is Template:Convert in June 2015, the only night in the 70s in the weather station's history.<ref name=NOWData/> During a normal year the warmest low is Template:Convert.<ref name=NOWData/>

Demographics

2010 census

As of the census<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">Template:Cite web</ref> of 2010, there were 2,120 people, 903 households, and 526 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 1,202 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 94.0% White, 0.4% African American, 2.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.2% of the population.

There were 903 households, of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.8% were married couples living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.7% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the city was 40.4 years. 24.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.5% were from 25 to 44; 27.6% were from 45 to 64; and 16.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.0% male and 50.0% female.

2000 census

As of the census<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> of 2000, there were 2,395 people, 1,023 households, and 603 families residing in the village. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 1,239 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 94.70% White, 0.13% African American, 1.59% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.25% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 2.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.75% of the population.

There were 1,023 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.0% were non-families. 35.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $25,898, and the median income for a family was $32,260. Males had a median income of $29,214 versus $17,391 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,274. About 17.3% of families and 21.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.2% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation

Intercity bus service to the city is provided by Jefferson Lines.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

References

<references />

Further reading

• Brock, James. The Sunshine Mine Disaster. Moscow: U of Idaho P, 1995.
• Conley, Cort. Idaho for the Curious. Cambridge: Backeddy, 1982, 457–487.
• Olsen, Gregg. The Deep Dark: Disaster and Redemption in America's Richest Silver Mine. New York: Three Rivers, 2006.
• Weston, Julie Whitesel, "The Good Times Are All Gone Now: Life, Death and Rebirth in an Idaho Mining Town." (University of Oklahoma Press, 2009).

External links

• Template:Official website - City of Kellogg
• Chamber of Commerce - Silver Valley Chamber of Commerce
• Shoshone News Press - county newspaper
• University of Idaho Library - various images of early Kellogg