Madison County, Indiana

Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. The 2020 census states the population is standing at 130,129.<ref name="QF">Template:Cite web</ref> The county seat since 1836 has been Anderson,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Sfn one of three incorporated cities within the county. Madison County is included in the Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

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1903 map of Madison County, Indiana, showing landowners

In 1787, the fledgling United States defined the Northwest Territory, which included the area of present-day Indiana. In 1800, Congress separated Ohio from the Northwest Territory, designating the rest of the land as the Indiana Territory.<ref name=GAC/> President Thomas Jefferson chose William Henry Harrison as the territory's first governor, and Vincennes was established as the territorial capital.Template:Sfn After the Michigan Territory was separated and the Illinois Territory was formed, Indiana was reduced to its current size and geography.<ref name=GAC>Template:Cite web</ref> By December 1816 the Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as a state.

Starting in 1794, Native American titles to Indiana lands were extinguished by usurpation, purchase, or war and treaty. The United States acquired land from the Native Americans in the 1809 treaty of Fort Wayne, and by the treaty of St. Mary's in 1818 considerably more territory became property of the government. This included the future Madison County, which was authorized by the state legislature on January 4, 1823, designating areas covered by the Delaware New Purchase. No settler was allowed in the area until the government survey was completed in 1820, and in 1820 the first settlers entered the future county.Template:Sfn

The new county was named for James Madison, co-author of The Federalist Papers and the fourth President of the United States (1809 to 1817).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The then-small settlement of Pendleton was named as the county, but its non-central location soon fostered a desire for a more central location as the county seat. After considerable local competition, the town of Anderson was platted in 1827 on donated land with the stipulation that the seat be moved to that location. This move began in 1828 and was completed by 1836.Template:Sfn

The new county was completely wooded in 1820, with stands of white oak, poplar, walnut, sycamore, oak, and fir trees.Template:Sfn The settlers logged much of the area and cleared the remainder through burning; at present its terrain is completely devoted to agriculture or urban development, except for stands of brush in drainages.<ref name=MCI>Madison County IN (Google Maps, accessed 10 September 2020)</ref>

The county's first courthouse was authorized in the county's 1828 session, but this authorization was revoked in 1829. In 1831 a second authorization was passed, and the completed building was placed in service the following year.Template:Sfn

During the Indiana gas boom, natural gas deposits were discovered in the county in 1887, at Alexandria, and Anderson. The offer of free natural gas brought several factories to the county.Template:Sfn

Geography

The county's terrain is nearly flat, with the exception of hilly areas along the White River and Fall Creek. The highest terrain (around Template:Convert ASL) is a ridgeline at the county's SE corner.<ref>Madison County High Point, Indiana (PeakBagger.com, accessed 10 September 2020)</ref> The county is drained by the west branch of the White River, flowing west-southwestward through the county's lower central portion. Other drainages include Fall Creek, flowing west- and southwestward through the southern part of the county; Pipe Creek, which rises in Delaware County and flows southwestward through the county's NW corner; and Lick Creek, which rises in Henry County and flows westward through the county's SW portion.<ref name=MCI/>

According to the 2010 United States Census, the county has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert (or 99.78%) is land and Template:Convert (or 0.22%) is water.<ref name=DC/>

Adjacent counties

• Grant County - north
• Delaware County - east
• Henry County - southeast
• Hancock County - south
• Hamilton County - west
• Tipton County - northwest

Protected areas

• Mounds State Park<ref name=MCI/>

Cities

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Aerial view of Anderson, looking west

• Alexandria
• Anderson (county seat)
• Elwood (part)

Towns

• Chesterfield
• Country Club Heights
• Edgewood
• Frankton
• Ingalls
• Lapel
• Markleville
• Orestes
• Pendleton
• River Forest
• Summitville
• Woodlawn Heights

Unincorporated towns

• Alfont
• Alliance
• Bloomer
• College Corner<ref>College Corner, Duck Creek Township IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)</ref>
• Dundee
• Edgewood Village<ref>Edgewood Village, Stony Creek Township IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)</ref>
• Emporia
• Fishersburg
• Florida
• Gimco City<ref>Gimco City, Alexandria IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)</ref>
• Hamilton
• Hardscrabble
• Huntsville
• Idlewold<ref>Idlewold, Pendleton IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)</ref>
• Leisure
• Linwood
• Moonville
• North Anderson
• Ovid (also known as New Columbus)
• Perkinsville
• Prosperity
• Rigdon
• South Elwood<ref>South Elwood, Elwood IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)</ref>
• Sunview

Townships

• Adams
• Anderson
• Boone
• Duck Creek
• Fall Creek
• Green
• Jackson
• Lafayette
• Monroe
• Pipe Creek
• Richland
• Stony Creek
• Union
• Van Buren

Major highways

• File:I-69.svg Interstate 69
• File:US 36.svg U.S. Route 36
• File:Indiana 9.svg State Road 9
• File:Indiana 13.svg State Road 13
• File:Indiana 28.svg State Road 28
• File:Indiana 32.svg State Road 32
• File:Indiana 37.svg State Road 37
• File:Indiana 38.svg State Road 38
• File:Indiana 67.svg State Road 67
• File:Indiana 109.svg State Road 109
• File:Indiana 128.svg State Road 128
• File:Indiana 232.svg State Road 232
• File:Indiana 236.svg State Road 236

Railroads

• Central Indiana and Western Railroad
• CSX Transportation
• Indian Creek Railroad
• Norfolk Southern Railway

Climate and weather

Template:Climate chart In recent years, average temperatures in Anderson have ranged from a low of Template:Convert in January to a high of Template:Convert in July, although a record low of Template:Convert was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of Template:Convert was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from Template:Convert in January to Template:Convert in July.<ref name=WX/>

Government

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2020 presidential election results by precinct
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Template:See also The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They set salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.<ref name=inc3623>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=inc2102>Template:Cite web</ref>

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected county-wide to staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners execute acts legislated by the council, collect revenue, and manage the county government.<ref name=inc3623/><ref name=inc2102/>

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that handles civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.<ref name = inc2102/>

County Officials: The county has other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. These officers are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.<ref name=inc2102/>

Madison County is part of Indiana's 5th congressional district; Indiana Senate districts 20, 25 and 26;<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Indiana House of Representatives districts 35, 36 and 37.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 131,636 people, 51,927 households, and 34,319 families in the county.<ref name=DP>Template:Cite web</ref> The population density was Template:Convert. There were 59,068 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert.<ref name=DC>Template:Cite web</ref> The racial makeup of the county was 87.7% white, 8.3% black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 1.5% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.2% of the population.<ref name=DP/> In terms of ancestry, 21.5% were German, 12.5% were American, 11.5% were Irish, and 10.4% were English.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Of the 51,927 households, 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.9% were non-families, and 28.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.93. The median age was 39.2 years.<ref name=DP/>

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $53,906. Males had a median income of $41,834 versus $31,743 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,722. About 11.2% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.6% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Education

School districts include:<ref>Template:Cite web - Text list</ref>

• Alexandria Community School Corporation
• Anderson Community School Corporation
• Elwood Community School Corporation
• Frankton-Lapel Community Schools
• Madison-Grant United School Corporation
• South Madison Community School Corporation

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, Indiana

References

Bibliography

• Template:Cite book (Template:Internet Archive Template:HathiTrust Catalog)
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite book

Further reading

• Template:Cite book (Template:HathiTrust Catalog)

External links

• We Are Madison County
• The Madison County Council of Governments
• Madison County Sheriffs Department
• Madison County News
• Madison County ALERT News
• Madison County Government Center
• List of Madison County Cemeteries