1157

Template:Use mdy dates Template:About year Template:Year nav Template:C12 year in topicYear 1157 (MCLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

• January 12–March 16 – Caliph Al-Muqtafi successfully defends Baghdad against the coalition forces of Sultan Muhammad of Hamadan, and Atabeg Qutb-adin of Mosul.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Albert I of Brandenburg begins his ruthless program to pacify the Slavic region.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• June 11 – Albert I of Brandenburg, also called The Bear (Ger: Albrecht der Bär), becomes the founder of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, Germany and the first Margrave.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• July – Henry II launches a campaign against Owain Gwynedd in north Wales.<ref name="The Accession of Henry II">Template:Cite book</ref> Although Owain defeats him at the Battle of Ewloe<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> he eventually submits to Henry and pays homage.<ref name=CBH>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 12 – The 1157 Hama earthquake takes place after a year of foreshocks. Its name is taken from the city of Hama, in west-central Syria (then under Seljuk rule), where the most casualties are sustained.<ref name=Ambraseys>Template:Cite journal</ref>
• August 21 – Sancho III and Ferdinand II, the sons of King Alfonso VII of Castile, divide his kingdom between them upon his death.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• October 23 – Battle of Grathe Heath: A civil war in Denmark ends with the death of King Sweyn III. Valdemar I of Denmark becomes king of all Denmark, and restores and rebuilds the country.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Henry II of England grants special trading privileges to the Hansa merchants of Cologne in London who lend him money at interest.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">Template:Cite book</ref>
• Henry II of England grants a charter to the merchants of Lincoln (approximate date).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Nur ad-Din Zengi besieges the Knights Hospitaller in the crusader fortress of Banyas, routs a relief army led by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem, and takes Grand Master Bertrand de Blanquefort prisoner.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Births

File:Tomoe Gozen 巴御前 (BM 2008,3037.10802).jpg

Tomoe Gozen

• September 8 – King Richard I of England (d. 1199)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Alexander Neckham, English scholar, teacher, theologian and abbot of Cirencester Abbey (d. 1217)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Leopold V of Austria, Duke of Austria from 1177 and Duke of Styria from 1192 until his death (d. 1194)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary, Queen of England by marriage to Henry the Young King and queen of Hungary and Croatia by marriage to Béla III of Hungary (d. 1197)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Tomoe Gozen, female Samurai warrior and military leader (d. 1247)

Deaths

• January 24 or January 25 – Agnes of Babenberg, Politically active High Duchess consort of Poland (b. 1111)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• May 8 – Ahmed Sanjar, Great Seljuk Sultan (b. 1084 or 1086)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• May 15 – Yury Dolgoruky, Russian prince (b. c. 1099)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 21 – King Alfonso VII of Castile (b. 1105)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• October 23 – King Sweyn III of Denmark (b.c. 1125) (in battle)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• date unknown – King Eystein II of Norway (b.c. 1125)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>