Falfurrias, Texas: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:37, 17 November 2024

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Falfurrias (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell) is a city in and the county seat of Brooks County, Texas, United States.<ref name="NACO">Template:Cite web</ref> Its population was 4,609 at the 2020 census, in a county that in the same census was just over 7,000.<ref name="Census 2020"/> The town is named for founder Edward Cunningham Lasater's ranch, La Mota de Falfurrias. In 1893, the Falfurrias ranch was one of the largest in Texas at some Template:Convert.

The biggest industry in Falfurrias is the United States Border Patrol interior checkpoint south of the city on U.S. Route 281.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> As an indirect consequence, many migrants seeking to bypass the checkpoint by setting off across the arid land die of exposure and dehydration.<ref>Migrant smugglers adjust to extreme heat in rural South Texas, sheriff says</ref>

Falfurrias and Brooks County were featured in a 2014 Latino USA radio story on illegal immigration in South Texas.<ref>Template:Citation</ref> The 2021 movie Missing in Brooks County deals with the same topic.

History

Falfurrias' founding and development were largely due to the efforts of Edward Cunningham Lasater, a pioneer Rio Grande Valley rancher and developer.<ref name="Texas Handbook"/> In 1895, he started a cattle ranch in what was then northern Starr County. At one point, it was one of the largest ranches in Texas. With the extension of the San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway south from Alice to his ranch in 1904, Lasater founded the town of Falfurrias and subdivided a sizable portion of his ranch land for sale to farmers.<ref name="Lasater">Template:Cite web</ref> In 1898, a post office opened in the community. A local newspaper began publication in 1906. Lasater brought in his Jersey cows and established a creamery in 1909.<ref name="Texas Escapes">Template:Cite web</ref> Sweet-cream butter and other products from Edward Lasater's creamery company made the town a familiar name across the state.<ref name="Lasater"/> That butter, though, is no longer made from milk produced in Falfurrias. Don Pedro Jaramillo, a Mexican-born curandero known as the "Healer of Los Olmos", was buried in Falfurrias in 1907 and is venerated at a shrine there.

The state granted a petition by local residents to form a new county, Brooks, with Falfurrias as its county seat in 1911. Irrigation methods introduced to the area in the 1920s brought in truck farming and the citrus fruit industry. The city became a primary trade and shipping center for the surrounding region. The area received another economic boost in the 1930s and 1940s when extensive oil and gas reserves were discovered around Falfurrias.<ref name="Texas Handbook"/>

The city had a population of 6,712 in 1950, which declined throughout the latter half of the 20th century; 5,297 people were living in Falfurrias in 2000, 4,981 in 2010, and 4,609 in 2020.<ref name="DecennialCensus"/>

The U.S. Customs and Border Protection opened a station in Falfurrias in 1940; the present border checkpoint south of the city opened in 1994.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It was renovated and enlarged in 2019, adding new cameras and X-ray machines.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> According to an NPR report, the station has been increasingly busy due to a surge of migrants coming from Central America.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> So many migrants die trying to hike around the checkpoint that there have been calls for it to be closed or moved.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Etymology

The name "Falfurrias" antedates Anglo association with the area, and its derivation is uncertain.<ref name="Texas Handbook"/> Town founder Edward C. Lasater claimed that it was a Lipan word meaning "the land of heart's delight". Others believed that it was the Spanish name for a native desert flower known as the heart's delight. Another theory is that Falfurrias is a misspelling of one or another Spanish or French word. Still another theorizes that the name refers to a local shepherd named Don Filfarrias. The term filfarrias is Mexican slang for "dirty and untidy".<ref name="Texas Handbook"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Geography

Falfurrias is located in northeastern Brooks County at Template:Coord (27.226529, –98.144922).<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref> The city is centered on the intersection of U.S. Highway 281 (Future Interstate 69C) and State Highway 285. Falfurrias is about Template:Convert southwest of Corpus Christi, Template:Convert east of Laredo, Template:Convert north of Edinburg, and Template:Convert south of Alice.<ref name="Texas Handbook">Template:Cite web</ref>

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, all land.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019"/>

Climate

Falfurrias has a hot, semiarid climate (Köppen BSh), bordering on a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and characterized by very hot, humid, but generally dry summers and warm, dry winters with cold mornings. During the summer, the weather is very unpleasant owing to the heat and humidity, and 12 mornings can be expected to stay at or above Template:Convert, with 22 mornings staying this hot in June 1998 and the hottest morning on record being Template:Convert on August 19 and 20 of 1915. The hottest temperature on record has been Template:Convert on July 13, 2016, while 26 afternoons over Template:Convert can be expected each year, and 146 afternoons can be expected to exceed or reach Template:Convert. Rain is uncommon during summer, but remnants of hurricanes sometimes produce very heavy rainfalls; on August 10 and 11, 1980, a total of Template:Convert fell in 48 hours, including a daily total of Template:Convert on August 10. September and October bring less extreme, though still hot weather, with the wettest conditions during the year. In the extremely wet September 1967, Template:Convert fell, including Template:Convert in four days from the 19th to the 22nd due to Hurricane Beulah.

The winter months are the driest and mildest, although average afternoon temperatures remain above Template:Convert all year. Seven mornings falling to or below freezing can be expected each winter, although no freezes whatsoever occurred during the winters of 1952–53 and 1994–95, whereas as many as 15 mornings fell to or below freezing in January 1918. The coldest temperature on record has been Template:Convert on January 12, 1962; the temperature subsequently climbed to Template:Convert on January 15, and the coldest maximum Template:Convert on December 23, 1989. Occasionally, a strong easterly flow from the Gulf disturbs the normally dry winter conditions; Template:Convert fell in January 1958, yet only Template:Convert was recorded in 5 months from November 1970 to March 1971 – including a 115-day entirely rainless spell from October 6 to January 28.

Overall, the wettest calendar year in Falfurrias has been 1967 with Template:Convert and the driest 1917 with only Template:Convert. The hottest month on record has been June 1998 with a mean of Template:Convert and a mean maximum of Template:Convert; however, August 1923's mean maximum was Template:Convert. The coolest month has been December 1989, with a mean of Template:Convert; the coolest month by mean maximum has been December 1914 at Template:Convert. Template:Weather box

Demographics

Template:US Census population

2020 census

**Falfurrias racial composition**<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
(*NH = Non-Hispanic*)Template:Efn
Race	Number	Percentage
White (NH)	278	6.03%
Black or African American (NH)	6	0.13%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH)	3	0.07%
Asian (NH)	25	0.54%
Some Other Race (NH)	8	0.17%
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH)	21	0.46%
Hispanic or Latino	4,268	92.6%
Total	4,609

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 4,609 people, 1,735 households, and 997 families residing in the city.

2000 census

As of the census<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, 5,297 people, 1,801 households, and 1,354 families were residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. The 2,062 housing units averaged Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 75.21% White, 0.25% African American, 0.55% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 21.56% from other races, and 2.19% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 92.54% of the population.

Of the 1,801 households, 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.0% were married couples living together, 21.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were not families. About 22.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90, and the average family size was 3.41.

In the city, the age distribution was 32.2% under 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 23.5% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $15,000, and for a family was $18,208. Males had a median income of $23,438 versus $17,973 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,573. About 43.3% of families and 46.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 58.0% of those under age 18 and 37.9% of those age 65 or over.