Editing Wrentham, Massachusetts

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Wrentham, Massachusetts
|nickname                 =
|official_name            = 
|motto                    =
|image_skyline            = South Street, Wrentham MA.jpg
|imagesize                = 250px
|image_caption            = Downtown Wrentham's South Street in June 2010
|image_seal               = Seal of Wrentham, Massachusetts.png 
|image_flag               = Flag of Wrentham, Massachusetts.png
|image_map                = Norfolk County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Wrentham highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250x200px
|map_caption              = Location in Norfolk County in Massachusetts
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = {{Flagu|United States|size=23px}}
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
|subdivision_name1        = {{Flag|Massachusetts|size=23px}}
|subdivision_name2        = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Norfolk County, Massachusetts.gif|size=23px}} [[Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Norfolk]]
|established_title        = Settled
|established_date         = 1660
|established_title2       = Incorporated
|established_date2        = October 17, 1673
|established_title3       =
|established_date3        =
|government_type          = [[Open town meeting]]
|leader_title             = <!--[[Town Administrator|Town<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Administrator]]-->
|leader_name              =
|leader_title1            = <!--Board of <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selectmen-->
|leader_name1             =
|area_magnitude           =
|area_total_km2           = 59.4
|area_total_sq_mi         = 22.9
|area_land_km2            = 57.5
|area_land_sq_mi          = 22.2
|area_water_km2           = 1.9
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.7
|population_as_of         = 2020
|settlement_type          = [[New England town|Town]]
|population_total         = 12178
|population_density_km2   = 211.8
|population_density_sq_mi = 548.6
|elevation_m              = 77
|elevation_ft             = 253
|timezone                 = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset               = −5
|timezone_DST             = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset_DST           = −4
|coordinates              = {{coord|42|04|00|N|71|19|43|W|region:US-MA_tupe:city(12,000)|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]s
|postal_code              = {{ubl|02093 (Wrentham)|02070 (Sheldonville)}}
|area_code                = [[Area code 508|508]]/[[Area code 774|774]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 25-82315
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0618334
|website                  = {{URL|wrentham.ma.us}}
|footnotes                =
}}

'''Wrentham''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|ɛ|n|θ|ə|m}} {{respell|REN|thəm}}) is a town in [[Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Norfolk County]], [[Massachusetts]], United States. The population was 12,178 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US2502182315 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=November 6, 2021 |title=Census - Geography Profile: Wrentham town, Norfolk County, Massachusetts}}</ref>

==History==

{{see also|History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1635–1699}}

In 1660, five men from [[Dedham, Massachusetts|Dedham]] were sent to explore the lakes near George Indian's wigwam and to report back to the selectmen what they found.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=70}} The report of those men, [[Daniel Fisher (Massachusetts politician)|Daniel Fisher]], [[Anthony Fisher (Massachusetts politician)|Anthony Fisher]], Sgt. Fuller, [[Richard Ellis (Massachusetts politician)|Richard Ellis]], and Richard Wheeler, was received with such enthusiasm that in March 1661 it was voted to start a new settlement there.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}} The Town then voted to send Ellis and [[Timothy Dwight (Massachusetts politician)|Timothy Dwight]] to go negotiate with [[Metacomet|King Phillip]] to purchase the [[Title (property)|title]] to the area known as [[Wollomonopoag]].{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=70-71}}{{sfn|Dwight|1874|p=103}}

They purchased 600 acres{{efn|Dwight has the figure as {{convert|6|sqmi|km2}}.{{sfn|Dwight|1874|p=103}}}} of land for £24, 6s.{{sfn|Dwight|1874|p=103}}{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}} The money was paid out of pocket by Captain Willett,<!---[[Thomas Willett]] perhaps?---> who accompanied Ellis and Dwight.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}} The Town voted to assess a tax upon the cow commons to repay him, but some thought the money should be paid by those who would be moving to the new village.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}} The dispute resulted in Willet not being paid back for several years.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}}

After the boundaries of the new community were set, the Town voted to give up all rights to the land in return for the proprietors paying Dedham £160 over four years, beginning in 1661.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}} By January 1663, however, little progress had been made towards establishing a new village.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}} A meeting was called, and the 10 men{{efn|It is not known who all 10 were, but they included [[Anthony Fisher (Massachusetts politician)|Anthony Fisher]], [[Richard Ellis (Massachusetts politician)|Richard Ellis]], Robert Weare, and Isaac Bullard.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}}}} who volunteered to go raised several concerns about their ability to move forward.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=71}}

After much discussion, it was decided not to give the 600 acres to the group of pre-selected men, but rather to lay out lots and then award them by lottery.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=72}} Those who already began to improve their lots were allowed to keep them,{{efn|Those granted a dispensation included [[Richard Ellis (Massachusetts politician)|Richard Ellis]], Anthony Fisher, Jr., Robert Weare, Isaac Bullard, [[James Thorpe (Massachusetts colonist)|James Thorpe]], Samuel Fisher, Samuel Parker, Joshua Kent and [[John Farrington (Massachusetts colonist)|John Farrington]] . Ralph Freeman, Daniel Makiak, and Sgt. Stearnes did not have pre-selected lots of land, but were among the first settlers.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=72}}}} and land for a church, burial ground, training ground, roads, and officer lots were not included.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=72}} All were free to buy and sell their lots.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=72}}

Not much happened at Wollomonopoag until 1668, at which time a report arrived of native peoples planting corn and cutting down trees on the land that Dedham had purchased.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=72}} [[Eleazer Lusher]] was charged with sending the illiterate Indians a letter warning them to "depart from that place and trespass no further."{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=72}} Samuel Fisher then took it to them and read it aloud, at which point they replied that they had every intention of remaining on the land.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=72}} Though they had still not paid him back for the land in question, the Town then asked Willett to speak with King Phillip and ask that he intervene.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=72-73}}

There is no record of Phillip's response to that entreaty but, in August 1669,{{efn|Hanson has the letter dated May 25, 1669.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}} Dwight has the date of offer to be in November.{{sfn|Dwight|1874|p=103}}}} the Town Fathers received an odd letter from him offering to negotiate for more land if they would quickly send him a "holland shirt."{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}} Dwight and four others were appointed to negotiate with him again, provided Phillip could prove he, and not another [[sachem]], had the rights to the land.{{sfn|Dwight|1874|p=103}} In November, an agreement was reached to clear the title for £17 0s 8d.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}} There is no record of whether a shirt was traded.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}}

Samuel Sheares lived alone at Wollomonopoag for some time before a new attempt at a settlement was undertaken in 1671.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}} Five men, John Thurston, Thomas Thurston, Robert Weare, John Weare, and Joseph Cheeney moved there with him, followed the next year by Rev. [[Samuel Man]],{{efn|Man would minister there for 49 years.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}}}} a one-time teacher in the [[Dedham Public Schools#Teachers|Dedham Public Schools]].{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}} Robert Crossman was employed at the same time to construct a corn mill.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}}

Those who moved there were drawn from the middle class of Dedham.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=74}} They were primarily people from outside of Dedham who had purchased land there, and second generation Dedhamites who moved without their parents.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=74}} Without the outsides, it is questionable whether the new community would have survived.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=78}}

Soon, however, the Wollomonopoag settlers complained that those in the village center were keeping them in a state of colonial dependency.{{sfn|Lockridge|1985|p=95}} They were upset about absentee landlords whose land values were going up thanks to the labor of the inhabitants and who refused to pay taxes to support the community.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}} They also complained that with the seat of the town government being so far away that they were disenfranchised and best by a lack of capital.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}} Constables refused to travel to Wollomonopoag to make collections, assessments, and social judgement.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73}}

With the blessing of Dedham's Board of Selectmen, the General Court separated the new town of Wrentham on October 16, 1673.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=73-74}}

It was burned down during [[King Philip's War]] 1675–1676. In the nineteenth century, Wrentham was the site of [[Day's Academy]]. For a short time, Wrentham was the residence of the educational reformer [[Horace Mann]]. It is also known as one of the residences of [[Helen Keller]].

[[Norfolk, Massachusetts|North Wrentham]] separated as an independent town in 1870 with [[Plainville, Massachusetts|Plainville]] splitting off as an independent town in 1905.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|22.9|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|22.2|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|0.7|sqmi|km2}} (3.14%) is water. Wrentham is bordered by [[Norfolk, Massachusetts|Norfolk]] on the north, [[Foxboro, Massachusetts|Foxboro]] on the east, [[Plainville, Massachusetts|Plainville]] and [[Cumberland, Rhode Island]] on the south, [[Bellingham, Massachusetts|Bellingham]] on the southwest, and [[Franklin, Massachusetts|Franklin]] on the west. It has two large lakes towards the center of town, Lake Pearl and Lake Archer, as well as Mirror Lake on the Wrentham/Norfolk border and numerous smaller lakes. Sheldonville, or West Wrentham, is a rural section of Wrentham located on the western leg of town. Sheldonville still maintains a unique identity as the old farming section of Wrentham, has active commercial orchards, and has its own ZIP Code (02070). Wrentham drains into four watersheds. They are the [[Charles River]] to the north, the [[Taunton River]] to the east, the [[Blackstone River]] to the west, and the [[Ten Mile River (Seekonk River)|Ten Mile River]] to the south.

Wrentham is the only town of that name in the United States. It is named after the village of [[Wrentham, Suffolk|Wrentham]], Suffolk, England. The only other Wrentham is [[Wrentham, Alberta|Wrentham]], [[Alberta]]. Wrentham, Massachusetts, is by far the most populous of the three.

==Demographics==

{{See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income}}
{{Historical populations | type=USA | align=right
 | 1850|3037
 | 1860|3406
 | 1870|2292
 | 1880|2481
 | 1890|2566
 | 1900|2720
 | 1910|1743
 | 1920|2808
 | 1930|3584
 | 1940|4674
 | 1950|5341
 | 1960|6685
 | 1970|7315
 | 1980|7580
 | 1990|9006
 | 2000|10554
 | 2010|10955
 | 2020|12178
 | 2023*|12543
 | footnote=* = population estimate.  {{Historical populations/Massachusetts municipalities references}}<ref>{{cite web | title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020−2023| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | access-date=May 19, 2024 | url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 10,554 people, 3,402 households, and 2,653 families residing in the town.  The population density was {{convert|475.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 3,507 housing units at an average density of {{convert|158.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the town was 97.64% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.61% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.12% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.80% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.01% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.32% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.50% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.79% of the population.

There were 3,402 households, out of which 43.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.0% were non-families. 17.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.31.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $78,043.50, and the median income for a family was $89,058.99. Males had a median income of $58,776 versus $37,219 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $30,792.56.  About 1.6% of families and 3.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over.

==Government==

'''Local'''

Wrentham has a [[board of selectmen]] style government.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Town of Wrentham, MA Code |url=https://ecode360.com/WR4159 |access-date=February 24, 2023 |website=Town of Wrentham, MA Code |language=en-US}}</ref> The town is governed by five selectmen, each elected for three year staggered terms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Selectmen |url=https://townofwrentham.hosted.civiclive.com/government/board_of_selectmen |access-date=February 24, 2023 |website=townofwrentham.hosted.civiclive.com |language=en-US}}</ref> The current members are Joseph F. Botaish II, Christopher Gallo, Michelle Rouse, James Anderson, and William Harrington.

In addition to the select board, there exist 12 other boards and committees in town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boards & Committees |url=https://townofwrentham.hosted.civiclive.com/government/boards_committees |access-date=February 24, 2023 |website=townofwrentham.hosted.civiclive.com |language=en-US}}</ref> This includes the Board of Assessors, Board of Health, Community Preservation Committee, Conservation Commission, Cultural Council, Economic Development Commission, Finance Committee, Historical Commission, Open Space Committee, Planning Board, Recreation Commission, and Zoning Board of Appeals. 

'''State'''

The town is part of the [[Massachusetts Senate's Norfolk, Bristol and Middlesex district]] where it has been represented by [[Becca Rausch|Rebecca Rausch]] since 2019. Since 2023 Marcus Vaughn, a Republican, has represented the town in the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]] (9th Norfolk district).

'''Federal'''

Federally, Wrentham is part of [[Massachusetts's 4th congressional district]], represented by Democrat [[Jake Auchincloss]], elected in 2020.
[[Elizabeth Warren]] and [[Ed Markey|Edward Markey]] represent the town in the [[United States Senate]]. One of the state's former members of the [[United States Senate]] is Republican [[Scott Brown (politician)|Scott Brown]], a resident of Wrentham, who was elected via special election on January 19, 2010, and served until January 2013.

==Education==

The Wrentham Elementary School consists of three buildings which separate the different grade levels.  There is the Delaney Elementary School for the lowest grades, the Vogel Elementary School for a mix of lower grades and unified arts, and the Roderick Elementary School for the highest grades (up to grade 6).  All 3 of these buildings are located on one Wrentham Elementary School campus located off of Taunton St & Randall Rd in the center of Wrentham.

For secondary education Wrentham is in the [[King Philip Regional School District]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st25_ma/schooldistrict_maps/c25021_norfolk/DC20SD_C25021.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Norfolk County, MA|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=October 17, 2022}}</ref> which operates the public middle school and the comprehensive high school for Wrentham. [[King Philip Regional High School]], located on Franklin St, is the town's public high school and serves students from Wrentham, [[Norfolk, Massachusetts|Norfolk]], and [[Plainville, Massachusetts|Plainville]].  Students in middle school attend King Philip Regional Middle School in Norfolk. Surrounding high schools, such as [[Tri-County Regional Vocational Technical High School]] in Franklin, and [[Norfolk County Agricultural High School]] in Walpole, as well as the Catholic [[Bishop Feehan High School]] in Attleboro, are also available to Wrentham students.

==Transportation==

Wrentham is a member of the [[Greater Attleboro Taunton Regional Transit Authority]].

==Notable people==

* [[Dale Arnold]], radio host
* [[Ayla Brown]], singer and basketball player
* [[Scott Brown (politician)|Scott Brown]], former U.S. Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa and U.S. Senator from Massachusetts
* [[John Cena]], professional wrestler and actor 
* [[Cesar Chelor]], the earliest documented African-American plane maker in North America
* [[Chris Doughty]], businessman and politician who ran in the [[2022 Massachusetts gubernatorial election|2022 Massachusetts Gubernatorial elections]] as a Republican
* [[Charlotte W. Hawes]], composer
* [[Gail Huff Brown|Gail Huff]], former News Reporter for [[WCVB-TV]] 
* [[Helen Keller]], suffragist and author
* [[Jake Layman]], NBA basketball player
* [[Evan McGill]], Tony Award winning theatrical producer
* [[Garth Snow]], former NHL goaltender and former GM of the [[New York Islanders]]
* [[Scott Zolak]], former NFL quarterback and current host/color commentator

== Explanatory notes==
{{notelist}}

== Citations ==
<references />

==Works cited==
*{{cite book|first=Benjamin Woodbridge | last=Dwight|title=The History of the Descendants of John Dwight, of Dedham, Mass|url=https://archive.org/details/historydescenda03dwiggoog|year=1874|publisher=J. F. Trow & son, printers and bookbinders|access-date=September 9, 2019}}
*{{cite book|last=Hanson|first=Robert Brand |title=Dedham, Massachusetts, 1635–1890|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4oslAQAAMAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Dedham Historical Society}}
*{{cite book | last = Lockridge | first = Kenneth | year = 1985 | title = A New England Town | publisher = W. W. Norton & Company | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-393-95459-3 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/newenglandtown00lock }}

==External links==

{{Commons category}}
* [http://wrentham.ma.us/ Wrentham's Home Page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605070034/https://www.wrentham.ma.us/ |date=June 5, 2022 }}
* [http://www.kingphilip.org/ King Philip Regional School District Home Page]
* [http://www.wrentham.k12.ma.us/ Wrentham Public Schools]
* [http://www.wrenthamtimes.com/ The Wrentham Times]
* [http://www.wrenthamcableaccess.com/ Wrentham Cable Access]
* [http://wrentham.patch.com Wrentham Patch], published by [[AOL Inc.]]

{{Norfolk County, Massachusetts}}
{{Massachusetts}}
{{Greater_Boston}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Wrentham, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:1660 establishments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1660]]
[[Category:Towns in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Towns in Norfolk County, Massachusetts]]