Editing Winterswijk

{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- Name and transliteration -->| name                            = Winterswijk
| settlement_type                 = [[List of municipalities of the Netherlands|Municipality]] and [[town]]
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->| image_skyline                   = Molen Venemansmolen Winterswijk.jpg
| image_alt                       = 
| image_caption                   = Winterswijk seen from Venemansmolen windmill
| image_flag                      = Flag of Winterswijk.svg
| flag_size                       = 100x67px
| flag_alt                        = 
| image_shield                    = Coat of arms of Winterswijk.svg
| shield_size                     = 100x80px
| shield_alt                      = <!-- Maps, coordinates -->
| image_map                       = Map - NL - Municipality code 0294 (2009).svg
| map_alt                         = Highlighted position of Winterswijk in a municipal map of Gelderland
| map_caption                     = Location in Gelderland
| coordinates                     = {{coord|51|58|N|6|43|E|region:NL-GE|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes           = 
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1               = Province
| subdivision_name1               = [[Gelderland]]
| government_footnotes            = <ref name="mayor_now">{{cite web 
 |url = http://www.winterswijk.nl/bis/College_B_W/Samenstelling
 |title = Samenstelling
 |trans-title=Members
 |language = nl
 |publisher = Gemeente Winterswijk
 |access-date = 23 July 2014}}</ref>
| governing_body                  = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_party                    = [[GroenLinks]]
| leader_title                    = [[Burgemeester|Mayor]]
| leader_name                     = [[Joris Bengevoord]]
<!-- Geographic information -->| unit_pref                       = Metric
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->| area_footnotes                  = <ref>{{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}</ref>
<!-- square kilometers -->| area_total_km2                  = {{Dutch municipality total area|Winterswijk}}
| area_land_km2                   = {{Dutch municipality land area|Winterswijk}}
| area_water_km2                  = {{Dutch municipality water area|Winterswijk}}
| elevation_footnotes             = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web 
 |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool
 |title = Postcodetool for 7101GH
 |language = nl
 |author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> 
 |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland
 |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis
 |access-date = 23 July 2014}}</ref>
| elevation_m                     = 37
| elevation_max_footnotes         = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m                 = 
| elevation_min_footnotes         = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m                 = <!-- Population, demographics -->
| population_footnotes            = <ref>{{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}</ref>
| population_total                = {{Dutch municipality population|Winterswijk}}
| population_as_of                = {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}
| population_density_km2          = {{Dutch municipality population density|Winterswijk}} <!-- For automatic calculation: auto-->
| population_demonym              = Winterswijker
<!-- Other information -->| timezone                        = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset                      = +1
| timezone_DST                    = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST                  = +2
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postcode]]
| postal_code                     = 7100–7119
| area_code_type                  = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code                       = 0543
| website                         = {{URL|1=http://www.winterswijk.nl}}
| footnotes                       = 
}}

'''Winterswijk''' ({{IPA|nl|ˌʋɪntərsˈʋɛik|-|Nl-Winterswijk.ogg}}; also known as ''Winterswiek'' or ''Wenters'') is a [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]] and a town in the eastern [[Netherlands]]. It has a population of {{formatnum:{{Dutch municipality population|Winterswijk}}}} and is situated in the [[Achterhoek]], which lies in the easternmost part of the province of [[Gelderland]] in the Netherlands.

It was also known as ''Winethereswick'', ''Winriswic'' or ''Wenterswic''; the [[Low Saxon]] ''[[-wich town|wich]]'' or ''wic'' means the living place of a certain person. The person would likely have been called ''Wenether'', ''Winitar'' or ''Winter''.

==Geography==
Winterswijk is located in east of the province of [[Gelderland]] in the east of the [[Netherlands]]. It is part of the region of [[Achterhoek]].

[[File:2013-Winterswijk.jpg|thumb|left|Topographic map of the municipality of Winterswijk, 2013]]
{{clear|left}}

==History==
[[File:Winterswijk, de Sint Jacobskerk RM39053 foto4 2015-05-14 08.44.jpg|thumb|Winterswijk, church: de Jacobskerk]]
[[File:Winterswijk, voormalige gemeentehuis (nu VVVkantoor) GM0294-66 IMG 2585 2022-07-18 17.34.jpg|thumb|Winterswijk, former townhall]]

Founded around 1000 AD it remained an isolated farming community until 1830 when the road from [[Borken, North Rhine-Westphalia|Borken]] to [[Zutphen]] via Winterswijk and [[Groenlo]] was built. Around 1840 many emigrated to [[America]] — [[Michigan]] in particular. After 1870 the town became a centre for textiles, such as spinning and weaving and indeed the Tricot factory  employed a large proportion of the local population in its heyday. In 1878 the railway line to [[Zutphen]] was built primarily for the textile industry, which was set up by Jan Willink. Some of the families such as the Willinks have lived there since 1284.

===World War II and liberation===
Winterswijk was liberated on 31 March 1945. The day prior, on 30 March there was a tank battle in one of the townships called [[Woold]], with sixty [[Sherman tank]]s. The [[53rd Welsh Division]] and the 3rd British Infantry Division, were moving from [[Bocholt, Germany|Bocholt]] via [[Aalten]] to Winterswijk. The tank battle resulted in sixteen German and nine British soldiers losing their lives. On 31 March, around nine AM allied forces had a struggle just over five kilometers south of Winterswijk following reinforcements from the [[National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands|NSB]]. On 31 March the first allied troops finally reached the Slingestream near Winterswijk. 31 March is marked as the official day to remember the liberation of Winterswijk, despite the fact that in the late afternoon of 31 March parts of Miste and Woold were already liberated. After the liberation of Winterswijk they founded a Rest-Centre for British soldiers in the Sociëteit de Eendracht, where the British soldiers, could find some rest.<ref>''Liberation of Winterswijk, during World War II'' [http://www.wenters.nu/index.php?itemid=340 wenters.nu]</ref>

Although the Jewish community of Winterswijk was greatly decimated during the war, a synagogue still exists. Yet no regular services are being held. The synagogue is open for visitors and guided tours.

==Railway stations==
* [[Winterswijk railway station|Winterswijk]]
* [[Winterswijk West railway station|Winterswijk West]]

==Notable residents==
[[File:Piet Mondriaan.jpg|160px|thumb|Piet Mondriaan, 1899]]
* [[John H. Corscot]] (1839–1926), mayor of [[Madison, Wisconsin]], 1893 to 1895
* [[Piet Mondriaan]] (1872–1944), painter, pioneer of 20th century [[abstract art]], lived in Winterswijk ages 8–20
* [[Willem van Otterloo]] (1907–1978), conductor, cellist, composer
* [[Max van Dam]] (1910–1943) artist, murdered in the [[Sobibor extermination camp]]
* [[Johanna Reiss]] (born 1932), Dutch-American writer, longtime resident of New York City
* [[Bram Stemerdink]] (born 1936), politician, [[Ministry of Defence (Netherlands)|Minister of Defence]] 1976/77
* [[Gerrit Komrij]] (1944-2012) poet, novelist, critic, journalist and playwright
* [[Dick Mol]] (born 1955) paleontologist and specialist in the field of mammoths
* [[Johan Houwers]] (born 1957) politician, real estate broker and convicted mortgage fraudster
* [[Herman Brock Jr.]] (born 1970) left-handed Dutch bluegrass, Americana and Blues musician

=== Sport ===
*
* [[Willy Hillen]] (born 1943) former sports shooter, competed at the [[1972 Summer Olympics|1972]] and [[1976 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Jan Vreman]] (born 1965), football manager and former player for [[De Graafschap]]
* [[Martijn Meerdink]] (born 1976), football player
* [[Jurgen Wevers]] (born 1979), football goalkeeper
* [[Myrthe Schoot]] (born 1988) volleyball player, competed at the [[2016 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Stef Dusseldorp]] (born 1989), racing driver

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Marktplein in Winterswijk.jpg|Marktplein with church (Jacobskerk)
File:Wenterswiek nijstraote.jpg|Nieuwstraat
File:Winterswijk, de Watertoren RM523469 IMG 2610 2022-07-18 18.06.jpg|Water tower 
File:Winterswijk, sculptuur het Strijktrio van Jan Bons IMG 2583 2022-07-18 17.17.jpg|Sculpture: the Strijktrio (String Trio) designed by Jan Bons
File:Grote steen Woold.JPG|Great stone at Woold, Winterswijk
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*{{Official website}}

{{Geographic location
 | Centre    = Winterswijk
 | North     = [[Vreden]] ([[Germany|DE]]-[[North Rhine-Westphalia|NW]])
 | East      = [[Stadtlohn]] ([[Germany|DE]]-[[North Rhine-Westphalia|NW]])<br>[[Südlohn]] ([[Germany|DE]]-[[North Rhine-Westphalia|NW]])
 | Southeast = [[Borken, North Rhine-Westphalia|Borken]] ([[Germany|DE]]-[[North Rhine-Westphalia|NW]])
 | South     = [[Rhede]] ([[Germany|DE]]-[[North Rhine-Westphalia|NW]])
 | Southwest = [[Bocholt, Germany|Bocholt]] ([[Germany|DE]]-[[North Rhine-Westphalia|NW]])
 | West      = [[Oost Gelre]]<br>[[Aalten]]
}}
{{Gelderland Province}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Winterswijk| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Gelderland]]
[[Category:Populated places in Gelderland]]
[[Category:Cities in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Achterhoek]]