Editing William Butterfield

{{Short description|British architect (1814–1900)}}
{{about|the English architect|the American architect in New Hampshire|William M. Butterfield}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox architect
|name=William Butterfield
|image=William_Butterfield.jpg
|nationality=[[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]]
|birth_date={{Birth date|df=yes|1814|9|7}}
|birth_place=[[London]], England
|death_date={{Death date and age|df=yes|1900|2|23|1814|9|7}}
|death_place= London, England
|resting_place= [[Tottenham Cemetery]]
|practice=
|significant_buildings= [[St Ninian's Cathedral, Perth]] in Scotland, [[St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne]] in Australia
|significant_projects= [[Keble College, Oxford]]
|awards= [[Royal Gold Medal]] (1884)
}}

'''William Butterfield''' (7 September 1814 – 23 February 1900) was a British [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic Revival architect]] and associated with the [[Oxford Movement]] (or Tractarian Movement). He is noted for his use of [[polychromy]].

==Biography==
William Butterfield was born in London in 1814. His parents were strict [[Nonconformist (Protestantism)|non-conformist]]s who ran a [[dispensing chemist|chemist]]'s shop in the [[Strand, London|Strand]]. He was one of nine children and was educated at a local school. At the age of 16, he was apprenticed to Thomas Arber, a builder in [[Pimlico]], who later became bankrupt. He studied architecture under E. L. Blackburne (1833–1836). From 1838 to 1839, he was an assistant to Harvey Eginton, an architect in [[Worcester, England|Worcester]], where he became articled. He established his own architectural practice at [[Lincoln's Inn Fields]] in 1840.

From 1842 Butterfield was involved with the [[Cambridge Camden Society]], later [[The Ecclesiological Society]]. He contributed designs to the Society's journal, ''The Ecclesiologist''. His involvement influenced his architectural style. He also drew religious inspiration from the Oxford Movement and as such, he was very [[high church]] despite his non-conformist upbringing. He was a Gothic revival architect, and as such he reinterpreted the original Gothic style in [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] terms. Many of his buildings were for religious use, although he also designed for colleges and schools.

Butterfield's church of [[All Saints, Margaret Street]], London, was, in the view of [[Henry-Russell Hitchcock]], the building that initiated the [[High Victorian Gothic]] era. It was designed in 1850, completed externally by 1853 and consecrated in 1859.<ref name=hrh1/> Flanked by a clergy house and school, it was intended as a "model" church by its sponsors, the Ecclesiological Society.  The church was built of red-brick, a material long out of use in London, patterned with bands of black brick, the first use of polychrome brick in the city, with bands of stone on the spire. The interior was even more richly decorated, with marble and tile marquetry.<ref name=hrh1/>

In 1849, just before Butterfield designed the church, [[John Ruskin]] had published his ''[[Seven Lamps of Architecture]]'', in which he had urged the study of Italian Gothic and the use of polychromy.  Many contemporaries perceived All Saints' as Italian in character, though in fact it combines fourteenth century English details, with a German-style spire.<ref name=hrh1/>

Also in 1850 he designed, without polychromy, [[St Matthias' Church, Stoke Newington|St Matthias']] in [[Stoke Newington]], with a bold gable-roofed tower. At St Bartholomew's, [[Yealmpton]] in the same year, Butterfield used a considerable amount of marquetry work for the interior, and built striped piers, using two colours of marble.<ref name=hrh1>Hitchcock 1977, pages 247–8</ref>

[[File:William Butterfield 42 Bedford Square blue plaque.jpg|thumb|Blue plaque, 42 Bedford Square, London]]
At Oxford, Butterfield designed [[Keble College, Oxford|Keble College]], in a style radically divergent from the university's existing traditions of Gothic architecture, its walls boldly striped with various colours of brick. Intended for clerical students, it was largely built in 1868–70, on a fairly domestic scale, with a more monumental chapel of 1873–6.  In his buildings of 1868–72 at [[Rugby School]], the polychromy is even more brash.<ref name=hrhb>Hitchock 1977, page 264</ref>

Butterfield received the [[Royal Institute of British Architects|RIBA]] Gold Medal in 1884. He died in London in 1900, and was buried in a simple Gothic tomb (designed by himself) in [[Tottenham Cemetery]], Haringey, North London.<ref name="Tomb">{{National Heritage List for England| num=1084329 |desc=Tomb of William Butterfield in Tottenham Cemetery, Church Lane |accessdate=27 January 2022}}</ref> The grave can be easily seen from the public path through the cemetery, close to the gate from Tottenham Churchyard. There is a [[blue plaque]] on his house in [[Bedford Square]], London.

==Works==
{{see also|Category:William Butterfield buildings}}

[[File:Keble College Chapel Oxford.jpg|thumb|Keble College Chapel, Oxford]]
[[File:St. Paul's Cathedral Interior (Arcade).jpg|thumb|St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne, Australia]]
[[File:St Ninian's Cathedral, Perth (Scotland).jpg|thumb|upright|St Ninian's Cathedral, Perth, Scotland]]
[[File:Butterfields st pauls cathedral melbourne design.jpg|William Butterfield's original design for the new Anglican cathedral (St Paul's) in Melbourne, Australia|upright|thumb]]
[[File:All Saints, Margaret Street, London W1 - East end - geograph.org.uk - 1668268.jpg|thumb|upright|All Saints, Margaret Street, London (detail of interior)]]
[[File:St Mary Brookfield 2005.jpg|St Mary's church, Brookfield|thumb]]
[[File:St Andrew's Church, Rugby.jpg|thumb|[[St Andrew's Church, Rugby]]]]
[[File:St Barnabas Church, Horton-cum-Studley - geograph.org.uk - 179173.jpg|thumb|upright|St Barnabas's Church, Horton-cum-Studley]]
[[File:St Mark's Church, Dundela, Belfast - geograph.org.uk - 901404.jpg|thumb|upright|[[St Mark's Church, Dundela]], Belfast]]
[[File:St Mary, Ottery St Mary, Devon - Font - geograph.org.uk - 1732026.jpg|thumb|upright|Font of Ottery St Mary Parish Church, Devon]]
[[File:William Butterfield Chalice.jpg|Chalice designed by William Butterfield, 1856–1857 (hallmarked) V&A Museum no. CIRC.521–1962|thumb|upright]]
[[File:Rugby School Chapel 9.21.jpg|thumb|Chapel, [[Rugby School]]]]
Butterfield's buildings include:
*1842
** Highbury Congregational Chapel ([[Cotham Church]]), Bristol<ref name="listed">{{English Heritage List entry |num= 1282286 |desc= Cotham Church |grade= |accessdate=19 May 2017}}</ref>
*1843
** [[St John's Church, Jedburgh]]: lychgate<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/200380198-pleasance-st-johns-episcopal-church-with-lych-gate-and-boundary-wall-jedburgh|title=Pleasance, St John's Episcopal Church with Lych Gate and Boundary Wall, Jedburgh, Scottish Borders|website=britishlistedbuildings.co.uk|access-date=2019-12-14}}</ref>
* 1845
** St Saviour's Church and vicarage, [[Coalpit Heath]], south Gloucestershire, 1845 (Butterfield's first Anglican work)<ref>{{cite web|title=Beginnings|url=http://coalpitheath.org.uk/beginnings|publisher=St Saviour's Church|location=Coalpit Heath|date=August 2008|access-date=2016-12-20|archive-date=15 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015072458/http://coalpitheath.org.uk/beginnings|url-status=dead}}</ref>
** St Augustine's College, [[Canterbury]], Kent, 1845<ref name="VCK106">Homan 1984, page 106</ref>
** St John the Baptist parish church, [[Hellidon]], Northamptonshire: restoration, 1845–47<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1973, page 252</ref>
* 1846
** St Nicholas' Church, [[Thanington Without]], Kent: restoration, 1846<ref name="VCK106"/>
** St Nicholas' Church, [[Ash, Dover|Ash]], Kent: restoration, 1846<ref name="VCK106"/>
** Abbey Church of Saints Peter & Paul, [[Dorchester on Thames]], Oxfordshire: restoration, 1846–53<ref>Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, page&nbsp;579–583</ref>
* 1847
** St Andrew's parish church, [[Ogbourne St Andrew]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1847–49<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 365</ref> and vicarage, 1848<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 366</ref>
** Parish [[Church of the Holy Trinity with St Edmund]], [[Horfield]], Bristol, nave and aisles c1847
* 1849
** St Bartholomew's Church, Yealmpton, Devon, PL8 2HG, reconstruction 1849–1852
** The [[Cathedral of the Isles]], [[Great Cumbrae]], Scotland, started 1849 but still incomplete
** St Edmund's Church, Thurlaston, Warwickshire. Built as a combined church and school.
** [[St Mary's Church, Ottery St Mary]], [[Devon]] restoration 1849–1850<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Ottery St Mary |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000267/18500330/014/0005 |newspaper=Exeter and Plymouth Gazette |location=Exeter |date=30 March 1850 |access-date=14 September 2015 }}</ref>
* 1850
** [[Golden Lion Hotel, Hunstanton|Goldern Lion Hotel]] (1850) in the Norfolk sea-side town of [[Hunstanton]].<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num=1342241 |desc=Golden Lion Hotel |access-date=30 April 2021}}</ref>
** St Mary Magdalene church, [[West Lavington, West Sussex]], 1850
** [[St Ninian's Cathedral, Perth]], Scotland, 1850
** [[St James and St Anne's Church, Alfington|St James & St Anne parish church]] and vicarage, [[Alfington]], Devon, 1850
** [[Wantage]] Cemetery, [[Berkshire]]: chapel, 1850<ref name="Pevsner, 1966, page 253">Pevsner, 1966, page 253</ref>
* 1851
** [[St. Mary's Church (Emmorton, Maryland)|St Mary's Church]], Emmorton, Maryland: stained glass windows, 1851
** St Martin's Church, [[Great Mongeham]], Kent: restoration, 1851<ref name="VCK106"/>
* 1853
** [[Church of St Mary and St Melor, Amesbury|St Mary and St Melor parish church, Amesbury]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1852–1853<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 90</ref>
** All Saints' [[Wykeham, Scarborough]], 1853–1855<ref>{{cite book|last=Rhea|first=Nicholas|title=Portrait of the North Yorkshire Moors|year=1985}}</ref>
** [[Milton Ernest Hall]], Bedfordshire, 1853–1858
** St Mary's Church, [[Langley, Kent]], 1853<ref name="VCK106"/>
* 1854
** [[St Paul's Church, Hensall]], North Yorkshire<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num=1295734 |desc=Church of St Paul|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
** [[The Red House, Hensall]], North Yorkshire<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num=1148401 |desc=The Red House|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
** [[Hutton Buscel Village Hall]], North Yorkshire<ref>{{NHLE |num= 1148825|desc= Village Hall and attached house, Hutton Buscel|access-date= 26 January 2025}}</ref>
** St Nicholas' Hospital, [[Salisbury]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1854<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 458</ref>
* 1855
** St Mary's parish church, [[Marlston]], Berkshire, 1855<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 177</ref>
** All Saints' Church, [[Braishfield]], Hampshire, 1855<ref name=Bailey176>{{cite book |last1=O’Brien |first1=Charles|last2=Bailey |first2=Bruce|last3=Pevsner |first3=Nikolaus |last4=Lloyd |first4=David W. |date=2018 |title=The Buildings of England Hampshire: South |publisher=Yale University Press |pages=176|isbn=9780300225037}}</ref>
* 1856
** St John the Evangelist's parish church, [[Milton, Cherwell|Milton]], Oxfordshire, 1856<ref>Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, page705</ref>
** [[Balliol College, Oxford]]: chapel, 1856–57<ref>Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, page 101</ref>
* 1857
** [[St Michael's Church, Gare Hill|St Michael's parish church]], Gare Hill (Gaer Hill), near [[Trudoxhill]], Somerset, 1857

** [[Church of St James, Baldersby|St James' church]], school and village buildings, [[Baldersby St James]], North Yorkshire, 1857
** [[Charlton-All-Saints]], Wiltshire: school, 1857–58<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 162</ref>
* 1858
** St Mathew's chapel of ease, [[Easton, Bristol]], 1858; demolished 1923{{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}
** St Andrew's parish church, [[Landford]], Wiltshire, 1858<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 291</ref>
** Church of St John the Evangelist, better known as the [[Afghan Church]], [[Mumbai]]: the reredos, the Afghan War Memorial mosaics, and the tiles, pews and screen, 1858
** St John the Evangelist parish church, [[Hammersmith]], 1858–59<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.londongardensonline.org.uk/gardens-online-record.asp?ID=HAF050 |title=St John the Evangelist Churchyard |website=London Gardens Online |date=1 November 2011 |access-date=25 January 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045455/http://www.londongardensonline.org.uk/gardens-online-record.asp?ID=HAF050 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
** St John the Baptist, [[Latton, Wiltshire]]: chancel, 1858–63<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 293</ref>
** Pitt Mission Church and School, Pitt, [[Hursley]], Hampshire, 1858<ref name="NHLE-1095781">{{NHLE|num=1095781|desc=Pitt Chapel School, Pitt|grade=II|access-date=7 March 2022}}</ref>
* 1859
** [[All Saints, Margaret Street]], London, 1859<ref>{{cite web|title=History & architecture|url=http://www.allsaintsmargaretstreet.org.uk/history|work=All Saints Margaret Street website|access-date=26 May 2012}}</ref>
**St Mary the Virgin, [[Etal, Northumberland]] 1859<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1042179|desc=Church of St. Mary the Virgin|access-date=18 November 2017}}</ref>
** St Nicholas' school, [[Newbury, Berkshire]], 1859<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 182</ref>
** Standlynch Chapel, [[Trafalgar House, Wiltshire]]: restoration, 1859–66<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 531</ref>
* 1860
** St Giles' Church, [[Tadlow]], Bedfordshire, 1860
** Charlton All Saints, Wiltshire: vicarage, 1860–62<ref name="Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 82">Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 82</ref>
** Clergy house, St Alban the Martyr, Holborn<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num=1272352 |desc=St Alban's Clergy House and attached railings with lamp-holder|fewer-links=yes}}</ref>
* 1861
** [[Bamford Church|St John the Baptist church]], [[Bamford]], [[Hope Valley, Derbyshire|Hope Valley]], Derbyshire: restoration, 1861
** St Michael's parish church, [[Letcombe Bassett]], Berkshire (now Oxfordshire): nave and south aisle, 1861<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 166</ref>
** St Mary the Virgin parish church, [[Castle Eaton]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1861–63<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 160</ref>
* 1862
** Lych gate at St Michael & All Angels' Churchyard extension, [[Houghton-le-Spring]], [[Durham, England|Durham]], 1862<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.houghtonlespring.org.uk/hillsidecemetery/lychgate_restoration/index.htm|title=Houghton-le-Spring: Hillside Cemetery Lych Gate Restoration|first=Paul |last=Lanagan|website=houghtonlespring.org.uk}}</ref>
** St Martin's parish church, [[Bremhill]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1862–63<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 140</ref>
** St Michael's parish church, [[Lyneham, Wiltshire]]: nave roof and chancel, 1862–65<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 319</ref>
*1863
** [[Church of St Cross, Manchester]], [[Clayton, Greater Manchester|Clayton]], Manchester, 1863–66<ref>The Buildings of England: Lancashire – Manchester and the South East, 2004</ref>
** St Margaret's parish church, [[Mapledurham]], Oxfordshire: restoration, 1863<ref name=Sherwood693>Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, page 693</ref>
** St Mary Magdalene church, [[Enfield Chase]], [[Middlesex]], 1883<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saintmarymagdalene.org.uk/section/35|publisher=Saint Mary Magdalene|location=Enfield|title=William Butterfield (1814–1900)|first=Joy|last=Heywood|access-date=2016-12-20}}</ref>
** St Michael's parish church, [[Aldbourne]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1863–67<ref name="Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 82"/>
* 1864
** St Sebastian, Heathland, [[Wokingham]], Berkshire, 1864<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 154</ref>
** [[Merton College, Oxford]]: Grove Building, 1864<ref>Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, page 164</ref>
** St Andrew's parish church, [[Blunsdon St Andrew]], Wiltshire: restoration: 1864–68<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 118</ref>
** [[Christ Church, Emery Down|Christ Church]], [[Emery Down]], Hampshire, 1864<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/hants/vol4/pp630-634 |title=Parishes: Lyndhurst &#124; British History Online |publisher=British History Online |date=1908-06-10 |access-date=2019-11-05}}</ref>
* 1865
** St George's parish church, [[Wootton, Northamptonshire]]: restoration, 1865<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1973, page 470</ref>
** St Lawrence's Church, [[Godmersham]], Kent: restoration, 1865<ref name="VCK106"/>
** [[St Augustine's, Queen's Gate]], London, 1865
** [[St Augustine's Church, Penarth|St Augustine's parish church]], [[Penarth#Religious sites|Penarth]], Glamorgan, 1865–66.
** SS. Peter & Paul parish church, [[Heytesbury]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1865–67<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 266</ref>
** Holy Saviour church,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.holysaviourhitchin.org.uk/|title=Home|website=Holy Saviour Church Hitchin}}</ref> [[Hitchin]], Hertfordshire, 1865
* 1866
** St Anne's church, Dropmore, [[Littleworth (near Burnham), Buckinghamshire|Littleworth, Buckinghamshire]], 1866<ref>Pevsner, 1960, page 112</ref>
** All Saints' parish church, [[Rangemore]], Staffordshire, 1866–67
** St Peter's parish church, [[Highway, Wiltshire]], 1866–67<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 268</ref>
* 1867
** [[Fulham Palace|Holy Trinity Chapel]], Known as the 'Tait Chapel', Fulham Palace, London.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Tait Chapel| date=1867|url=https://www.nationalchurchestrust.org/church/tait-chapel-fulham-palace|publisher=[[National Churches Trust]]|location=[[Fulham Palace]]|access-date=25 August 2024}}</ref>
** St Barnabas' parish church, [[Horton-cum-Studley]], Oxfordshire, 1867<ref>Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, page 656</ref>
** St Mary's parish church, [[Beech Hill, England|Beech Hill]], Berkshire, 1867<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 84</ref>
** [[Little Faringdon]], Oxfordshire: Rectory, 1867<ref>Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, page 685</ref>
** St Mary's parish, [[Lower Heyford]], Oxfordshire: remodelling of Old Rectory, 1867 (now Tall Chimneys)<ref name=Sherwood693/>
* 1868
** The [[Royal Hampshire County Hospital]], [[Winchester]], Hampshire, 1868
** [[St John's Church, Dalton]], North Yorkshire
** St Paul's Church, [[Wooburn]], Buckinghamshire: alterations, 1869
* 1869
** [[St Alban's Church, Holborn|St Alban the Martyr church, Holborn]], London, 1862; 
** St Mary Brookfield, Dartmouth Park Road, [[Tufnell Park]], London NW5, 1869–75
** [[St Peter's Cathedral, Adelaide]], South Australia, 1869–1902<ref>Marsden, Susan, Paul Stark and Patricia Sumerling, ''Heritage of the City of Adelaide'', Adelaide 1990, pp. 347-349</ref>
* 1870
** All Saints' parish church, [[Whiteparish]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1870<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 571</ref>
** St Leonard's parish church, [[Broad Blunsdon]], Wiltshire: rebuilding, 1870<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 144</ref>
** [[Church of St Peter, Great Berkhamsted]], Hertfordshire: restoration, 1870–71<ref>{{cite book|last=Birtchnell|author-link=Percy Birtchnell|first=Percy|title=A Short History of Berkhamsted|year=1960|publisher=The Bookstack|isbn=978-1-871372-00-7|page=30}}</ref>
** The Rectory (now Butterfield House), formerly attached to [[Church of St Mary the Virgin, Baldock]], Hitchin Street, [[Baldock]], Hertfordshire, 1870–1873
* 1871
** St Margaret of Antioch, [[Barley]], Hertfordshire, 1871 additions
** [[St Paul's, Covent Garden]], London, 1871–2: interior alterations<ref>{{cite book|editor=Sheppard, F.H.W. |year=1970|chapter=St. Paul's Church|title=Survey of London: volume 36: Covent Garden |pages=98–128|chapter-url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=46105}}</ref>
* 1872
** St Mary's Church, [[Milstead]], Kent: restoration, 1872<ref name="VCK106"/>
** St Mary's parish church, [[Purton]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1872<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 374</ref>
** [[Saint Mary at Stoke]] parish church, [[Ipswich]], Suffolk, 1872
* 1873
** St Michael and All Angels' parish church & school, [[Poulton, Gloucestershire]], 1873<ref>Verey, 1970, pages&nbsp;370–371</ref>
** St Mary's parish church, [[Dinton, Wiltshire]]: restoration, 1873–75<ref name="Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 182">Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 182</ref>
** [[Church of St Peter, Clyffe Pypard]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1873–75<ref name="Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 182"/>
* 1874
** All Saints' parish church, [[Braunston]], Northamptonshire: restoration, 1874<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1973, page 120</ref>
** All Saints' church, [[Babbacombe]], Devon 1874
** St Denis' church, [[East Hatley]], Cambridgeshire: restoration, 1874<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hatley.info/hatleys-churches/st-denis-east-hatley/|title=St Denis' East Hatley|website=Hatley|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>
** St George's parish church, [[West Harnham]], [[Salisbury]], Wiltshire: restoration, 1874<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 563</ref>
** [[St George's Church, Morebath]] 1874–75
** [[St Mary's School, Wantage]], Berkshire (now Oxfordshire), 1874–75<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 254</ref>
** St Margaret's parish church, [[Knook, Wiltshire]]: restoration, 1874–76<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 283</ref>
* 1875
** [[Rugby School]], Warwickshire: Chapel and Quadrangle, 1875
** Shaw-cum-Donnington School, [[Shaw, Berkshire]], 1875<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 357</ref>
** [[All Hallows' Church, Tottenham|All Hallows Church, Tottenham]], London: restoration, 1875-1877
* 1876
** [[Keble College, Oxford]] 1876<ref>Sherwood & Pevsner, 1974, pages&nbsp;225–229</ref>
** St Andrew's Church, [[Buckland, Kent]]: restoration, 1876<ref name="VCK106"/>
** Holy Cross parish church, [[Ashton Keynes]], Wiltshire: restoration: 1876–77<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 95</ref>
** St Catherine's parish church, [[Netherhampton]], Wiltshire, 1876–77<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 354</ref>
* 1877
** Ascot Priory, [[Ascot, Berkshire]]: chapel, 1877<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 68</ref>
** [[St Andrew's Church, Rugby|St Andrew's parish church]],<ref name="St. Andrew's parish church, Rugby">{{cite web|url=http://www.standrewrugby.org.uk/tour.html|title=St. Andrew's parish church, Rugby}}</ref> [[Rugby, Warwickshire]], 1877 with later additions of 1895
** St James' church, [[Christleton]], Cheshire, rebuilt 1877
* 1878
** [[Exeter School]], [[Exeter]], Devon, 1878–1880
** St Mary Magdalene parish church, [[Winterbourne Monkton]], Wiltshire: rebuilding, 1878<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 591</ref>
** St John the Baptist parish church, [[Foxham, Wiltshire]]: 1878–81<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 251</ref>
** [[Church of St John the Evangelist, Clevedon|St John the Evangelist church]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stjohnsclevedon.org.uk|title=A Community of Faith|website=stjohnsclevedon.org.uk}}</ref> [[Clevedon]], Somerset, 1878
** St Mary's parish church, Donnington, Berkshire: chancel, 1878<ref>Pevsner, 1966, page 213</ref>
** [[Community of St Mary the Virgin|St Mary's Convent]], Wantage, Berkshire (now Oxfordshire): Noviciate, 1878<ref name="Pevsner, 1966, page 253"/>
** St Mary's parish church, [[Dodford, Northamptonshire|Dodford]], Northamptonshire: restoration, 1878–80<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1973, page 188</ref>
* 1880
** [[St. Columba's College, Dublin|St Columba's College]] Chapel, [[Whitechurch, County Dublin]], Ireland, 1880
** St Edith of Wilton parish church, Baverstock Lane, Dinton, Wiltshire: restoration 1880–93<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 105</ref>
** [[St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne]] (except main tower and spire), Australia, 1880–1891
* 1881
** [[Sarum College]], Salisbury, Wiltshire: chapel, 1881<ref>Pevsner & Cherry, 1975, page 427</ref>
* 1885
** [[St John the Baptist's Church, Ault Hucknall]] Restoration 1885–89.
** [[Gordon's School]], Surrey, designed the central buildings comprising the Assembly Hall and Reception Building together with the sanatorium and dormitories.
* 1888
** St Michael's Church, [[Woolwich]]: restoration, 1888<ref name="VCK106"/>
*1891
**[[St Mark's Church, Dundela]], [[Belfast]], [[Northern Ireland]], 1878 with later additions of 1891
*1892
**[[St Augustin's Church, Bournemouth]]
*1895
** [[St Andrew's Church, Rugby|St Andrew's parish church]],<ref name="St. Andrew's parish church, Rugby" /> [[Rugby, Warwickshire]], 1877 with later additions of 1895
* Awaiting date
** [[Ottery St Mary]] parish church, Devon: south transept refurbishment and marble font
** [[St Mawgan]] Old Rectory, [[Cornwall]]
** St Peter's Church, [[Bont Goch]], Ceredigion<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/300010712-church-of-st-peter-ceulanamaesmawr|title=Church of St Peter, Ceulanamaesmawr, Ceredigion|website=britishlistedbuildings.co.uk}}</ref>

== Publications ==
[[File:Butterfield, William – Instrumenta Ecclesiastica, 1847 – BEIC 14307605.jpg|thumb|upright|''Instrumenta Ecclesiastica'', 1847]]

* {{cite book |title=Instrumenta Ecclesiastica|url=https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=14307605|publisher=Ecclesiological late Cambridge Camden Society|location=London|via=John Van Voorst|language=la|year=1847|others=with etchings from drawings by William Butterfield|editor=Ecclesiological late Cambridge Camden Society}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
*{{cite book |last1=Hitchcock |first1=Henry Russell |title=Architecture:Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries |series=Pelican History of Art |year=1977 |publisher=Penguin Books |location=Harmondsworth |isbn=978-0-14-056115-9 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/architecturenine00hitc }}
*{{cite book|last=Homan|first=Roger|title=The Victorian Churches of Kent|year=1984|publisher=Phillimore & Co. Ltd|location=Chichester|isbn=978-0-85033-466-1}}
*{{cite book |author=Tyack, Geoffrey |author2=Bradley, Simon |author3=Pevsner, Nikolaus |name-list-style=amp |author-link=Nikolaus Pevsner |title=The Buildings of England: Berkshire |year=2010 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |location=New Haven and London |isbn=978-0-300-12662-4 |page=800|title-link=The Buildings of England }}
*{{cite book |author=Pevsner, Nikolaus |author-link=Nikolaus Pevsner |author2=Williamson, Elizabeth |title=The Buildings of England: Buckinghamshire |year=1994 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |location=New Haven and London |isbn=978-0-300-09584-5 |page=832|title-link=The Buildings of England }}
*{{cite book |author=Pevsner, Nikolaus |author-link=Nikolaus Pevsner |author2=Cherry, Bridget |title=The Buildings of England: Northamptonshire |year=1973 |orig-year=1961 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |location=New Haven and London |isbn=978-0-300-09632-3 |page=520|title-link=The Buildings of England }}
*{{cite book |author=Pevsner, Nikolaus |author-link=Nikolaus Pevsner |author2=Cherry, Bridget |title=The Buildings of England: Wiltshire |year=1975 |orig-year=1963 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |location=New Haven and London |isbn=978-0-300-09659-0 |page=664|title-link=The Buildings of England }}
*{{cite book |author=Sherwood, Jennifer |author2=Pevsner, Nikolaus |author-link2=Nikolaus Pevsner  |title=The Buildings of England: Oxfordshire |year=1974 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |location=New Haven and London |isbn=978-0-300-09639-2 |page=948|title-link= The Buildings of England}}
*{{cite book |author=Verey, David |author2=Brooks, Alan |title=The Buildings of England: Gloucestershire: The Cotswolds |year=1999 |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |location=New Haven and London |isbn=978-0-300-09604-0 |page=832|title-link= The Buildings of England}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Butterfield, William}}
* [[hdl:10020/cifa850998|William Butterfield architectural and design drawings, 1838–1892]], Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession No. 850998

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Butterfield, William}}
[[Category:1814 births]]
[[Category:1900 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century English architects]]
[[Category:Gothic Revival architects]]
[[Category:English ecclesiastical architects]]
[[Category:Keble College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal]]
[[Category:Architects of cathedrals]]
[[Category:Architects from London]]