Editing Whiteriver, Arizona

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Whiteriver, Arizona
| settlement_type          = [[Census designated place]]
| image_skyline            = Whiteriver-Lutheran Apache Mission-1912-1.jpg
| imagesize                = 200px
| image_caption            = Historic Lutheran Apache Mission
| image_seal               =
| image_map                = Navajo_County_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Whiteriver_highlighted.svg
| mapsize                  = 250px
| map_caption              = Location in [[Navajo County]] and the state of [[Arizona]]
| pushpin_map              = USA
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location in the United States
| coordinates              = {{coord|33|49|59|N|109|58|28|W|region:US-AZ|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = [[United States]]
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Arizona]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Arizona|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Navajo County, Arizona|Navajo]]
| government_type          =
| leader_title             =
| leader_name              =
| established_date         =
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_04.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 29, 2021}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi         = 15.80
| area_total_km2           = 40.91
| area_land_sq_mi          = 15.69
| area_land_km2            = 40.63
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.11
| area_water_km2           = 0.28
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft             = 5164
| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes     =
| population_total         = 4520
| population_metro         =
| population_density_sq_mi = 288.14
| population_density_km2   = 111.25
| timezone                 = [[Mountain Standard Time Zone|MST]]
| utc_offset               = −7
| timezone_DST             = 
| utc_offset_DST           = 
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code              = 85941
| area_code                = [[Area code 928|928]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS]] code
| blank_info               = {{FIPS|04|82530}}
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] ID(s)
| blank1_info              = 2409588<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2409588}}</ref>
| footnotes                =
| website                  =
}}

'''Whiteriver''' ({{langx|apw|'''Chʼilwózh'''}}) is a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) located on the [[Fort Apache Indian Reservation]] in [[Navajo County, Arizona|Navajo County]], [[Arizona]], United States. The population was 4,104 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], making it the largest settlement on the Reservation.<ref name=2010census>{{cite web | url = http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=04 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20130819220246/http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=04 | url-status = dead | archive-date = August 19, 2013 | title = 2010 Census Interactive Population Search | year = 2010 | author = U.S. Census Bureau | publisher = U.S. Government }}</ref>

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the CDP has a total area of {{convert|17.8|sqmi|km2}}, all  land.

==Demographics==
{{stack|{{US Census population
|align=
|1980= 2257
|1990= 3775
|2000= 5220
|2010= 4104
|2020= 4520
|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web
  |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing (1790–2010)|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 11, 2013}}</ref>
}}
}}

As of the [[2000 United States Census]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> there were 5,220 people, 1,249 households, and 1,054 families residing in the CDP.  The population density was {{convert|293.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 1,330 housing units at an average density of {{convert|74.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.1% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 3.0% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], <0.1% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], <0.1% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.3% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.5% from two or more races.  1.9% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 1,249 households, out of which 56.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 34.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.6% were non-families. 12.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 4.10 and the average family size was 4.45.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 44.4% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 13.3% from 45 to 64, and 3.2% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 21 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.7 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $17,415, and the median income for a family was $17,774. Males had a median income of $18,490 versus $20,463 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the CDP was $5,719.  About 46.9% of families and 51.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 59.2% of those under age 18 and 35.2% of those age 65 or over.

==Religion==

As of 2005, the Apache Reservation in which Whiteriver is located showed a decrease from 73% traditional or atheist to 43%. The percent of the population who consider themselves Christian was then 53%.

==Transportation==
[[Whiteriver Airport]] is a public use [[general aviation]] airport located one&nbsp;[[nautical mile]] (2&nbsp;[[kilometre|km]]) southwest of the [[central business district]] of Whiteriver.<ref>{{FAA-airport|ID=E24|use=PU|own=PU|site=00823.*A}}. Federal Aviation Administration. Effective November 15, 2012.</ref>

The White Mountain Apache Tribe operates the Fort Apache Connection Transit, which provides local bus service.<ref>{{Cite web| title = Tribal Transportation {{!}} WMAT DOT {{!}} United States| work = WMAT DOT| access-date = February 3, 2020| url = https://www.wmatdot.com}}</ref>

==Education==
Whiteriver is served by the [[Whiteriver Unified School District]].

Alchesay High School is the secondary school of Whiteriver.

East Fork Lutheran School is a Christian grade school and high school of the [[Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod]] in Whiteriver.<ref>{{cite web|title=Home – East Fork Lutheran School|url=http://www.eastforkschool.com/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=East Fork Lutheran Grade School|url=https://www.privateschoolreview.com/east-fork-lutheran-grade-school-profile}}</ref> It has repeatedly disciplined and even expelled students who participate in Apache cultural traditions, considering them as [[Satanism]] or [[paganism]].<ref>{{cite news |last= Okoren|first= Nicolle|date= 2024-06-24|title= They took part in Apache ceremonies. Their schools expelled them for satanic activities|url= https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2024/jun/24/apache-students-school-reservation|work= [[The Guardian]]|location= |access-date=2024-06-26}}</ref>

==Climate==
Whiteriver has a [[Mediterranean climate]] (Köppen ''Csa''/''Csb'') with summers featuring hot afternoons and mild mornings, and winters featuring comfortable afternoons and freezing mornings. Unlike most climates of its type, the summer drought only covers the first half of the hot season – [[North American Monsoon|monsoonal rains]] arrive in July and peak in August before falling off in September. During the dry early summer wildfires are however always a risk. The typical winter weather of mild days and freezing nights is sometimes interrupted by heavy rainfall or snowfall from Pacific storms, which bring an average of between {{convert|1.5|and|2|in|mm|1}} of precipitation each month, and a mean of {{convert|16.5|in|m|2|disp=or}} of snow – although the ''[[median]]'' annual snowfall is only {{convert|6.3|in|m|disp=or}}.
{{col-begin|width=auto}}
{{col-break}}
{{Weather box
|location = Whiteriver, Arizona
|single line = Y
|collapsed = Yes
|Jan record high F=75
|Feb record high F=78
|Mar record high F=86
|Apr record high F=98
|May record high F=100
|Jun record high F=104
|Jul record high F=106
|Aug record high F=102
|Sep record high F=100
|Oct record high F=93
|Nov record high F=91
|Dec record high F=79
|year record high F=106
|Jan high F=55.2
|Feb high F=58.2
|Mar high F=62.3
|Apr high F=69.6
|May high F=77.9
|Jun high F=87.7
|Jul high F=89.8
|Aug high F=87.1
|Sep high F=83.8
|Oct high F=74.3
|Nov high F=63.3
|Dec high F=55.8
|year high F=72.1
|Jan low F=24.6
|Feb low F=27.1
|Mar low F=31.0
|Apr low F=33.0
|May low F=39.4
|Jun low F=48.0
|Jul low F=55.0
|Aug low F=54.5
|Sep low F=49.2
|Oct low F=38.9
|Nov low F=29.3
|Dec low F=24.5
|year low F= 37.9
|Jan record low F=-13
|Feb record low F=-6
|Mar record low F=5
|Apr record low F=14
|May record low F=18
|Jun record low F=30
|Jul record low F=41
|Aug record low F=34
|Sep record low F=25
|Oct record low F=17
|Nov record low F=-7
|Dec record low F=-12
|year record low F=-13
|precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation inch=1.80
|Feb precipitation inch=1.59
|Mar precipitation inch=2.16
|Apr precipitation inch=0.82
|May precipitation inch=0.62
|Jun precipitation inch=0.58
|Jul precipitation inch=2.44
|Aug precipitation inch=3.62
|Sep precipitation inch=1.75
|Oct precipitation inch=1.83
|Nov precipitation inch=1.48
|Dec precipitation inch=1.45

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 inch
|Jan precipitation days =  6.2
|Feb precipitation days =  5.6
|Mar precipitation days =  6.7
|Apr precipitation days =  3.8
|May precipitation days =  3.7
|Jun precipitation days =  3.0
|Jul precipitation days =  9.4
|Aug precipitation days = 11.4
|Sep precipitation days =  5.5
|Oct precipitation days =  4.6
|Nov precipitation days =  3.9
|Dec precipitation days =  4.4

|Jan snow inch = 4.6
|Feb snow inch = 2.1
|Mar snow inch = 4.9
|Apr snow inch = 1.6
|May snow inch = 0.1
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.1
|Nov snow inch = 1.7
|Dec snow inch = 1.4

|unit snow days = 0.1 inch
|Jan snow days = 1.4
|Feb snow days = 1.4
|Mar snow days = 1.6
|Apr snow days = 0.8
|May snow days = 0.1
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.4
|Dec snow days = 0.7
|source 1 = NOAA<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/az/029271.pdf |title=Whiteriver, AZ |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=December 6, 2011 |date=December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902104944/http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/az/029271.pdf |archive-date=September 2, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|date=December 2011
}}
{{col-end}}

==See also==
* [[Fort Apache Indian Reservation]]
* [[Bashas]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Navajo County, Arizona}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:White Mountains (Arizona)]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Navajo County, Arizona]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Arizona]]
[[Category:Seats of government of American Indian reservations]]
[[Category:White Mountain Apache Tribe]]