Editing White Shield, North Dakota

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = White Shield, North Dakota
|native_name              = 
|settlement_type          = [[Census-designated place]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = 
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = 
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = ND McLean County White Shield.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of White Shield, North Dakota
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[North Dakota]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in North Dakota|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[McLean County, North Dakota|McLean]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2024">{{cite web |title=2024 U.S. Gazetteer Files: North Dakota|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2024_Gazetteer/2024_gaz_place_38.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=April 7, 2025}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 9.83
|area_land_km2            = 9.83
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 3.80
|area_land_sq_mi          = 3.80
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=&g=160XX00US3885660| title=P1. Race – White Shield CDP, North Dakota: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| access-date=April 7, 2025}}</ref>
|population_total         = 363
|population_density_km2   = 36.92
|population_density_sq_mi = 95.63

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 1992
|coordinates              = {{coord|47|39|37|N|101|50|37|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]s
|postal_code              = {{ubl|58540 (White Shield)|58775 ([[Roseglen, North Dakota|Roseglen]])}}
|area_code                = [[Area code 701|701]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 38-85660<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2393855<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2393855}}</ref>
|website                  = 
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
}}
'''White Shield''' ({{langx|ari|nahtasuutaaká}},<ref>University of Indiana Bloomington, American Indian Studies Research Institute, Arikara Dictionary, "White Shield, North Dakota [http://zia.aisri.indiana.edu/~dictsearch/cgi-bin/testgetdetailsNP.pl?pass=&hasfont=&database=arika&onelang=&host=zia&key=arika003866&glossnum=1&srchstring=white&sndformat=mp3&nexthit=0&maxhits=200&data=examples Link]</ref> {{langx|hid|maanaagi iixodagish}}<ref>{{Cite web
 |title       = Hidatsa Lessons Vocab2
 |work        = Hidatsa Language Program
 |accessdate  = 2012-07-17
 |url         = http://www.neiu.edu/~linguist/hidatsa_lessons_vocab2.html#villages_dwellings_and_towns_i
 |url-status     = dead
 |archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130606135144/http://www.neiu.edu/~linguist/hidatsa_lessons_vocab2.html#villages_dwellings_and_towns_i
 |archivedate = 2013-06-06
}}</ref>) is a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) lying within the boundaries of the [[Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation]]. It is located on the [[Fort Berthold Indian Reservation]] in [[McLean County, North Dakota|McLean County]], [[North Dakota]], United States. The population was 363 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020"/> It is considered the primary community of the [[Arikara]] (Sahnish) people and is named for Chief White Shield.
[[File:White Shield, half-length portrait, facing left circa 1908.jpg|left|thumb|White Shield in 1908]]
White Shield was founded in 1954 to replace the town of [[Elbowoods, North Dakota|Elbowoods]] ([[Arikara language|Arikara]]: hiswíkAt ({{IPA|ari|hisˈwikə̥t|}}<ref name="zia.aisri.indiana.edu">{{Cite web
| title = AISRI Dictionary Database Search-- Arikara. Prototype version
| access-date = 2012-07-08
| url = http://zia.aisri.indiana.edu/~dictsearch/cgi-bin/testengltoxsrchNP.pl?host=zia&pass=&hasfont=0&srchlang=English&srchstring=dakota&database=arika&srchtype=OR&sortlang=Indian&sndformat=mp3&maxhits=200&find=Run_Search
}}</ref>), which was inundated by the creation of [[Lake Sakakawea]]. The name honors White Shield, an Arikara chief and a scout for General [[George Armstrong Custer]].<ref name=Wick>{{cite web|last=Wick|first=Douglas A.|title=White Shield|url=http://www.webfamilytree.com/North_Dakota_Place_Names/W/white_shield_%28mclean_county%29.htm|work=North Dakota Place Names|access-date=6 May 2011}}</ref>

==Geography==
White Shield is in western McLean County, {{convert|6|mi|0}} north of Lake Sakakawea, {{convert|20|mi}} west of [[Garrison, North Dakota|Garrison]], and {{convert|25|mi}} southeast of [[Parshall, North Dakota|Parshall]]. According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the CDP has a total area of {{convert|3.8|sqmi|km2}}, all land.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2024"/>

== Culture ==
As of 2014, White Shield's [[Arikara language]] speakers are active in [[language revitalization]]. The Arikara language is taught at [[Fort Berthold Community College]], White Shield School, and at the Arikara Cultural Center.<ref name = "rudy" >{{Cite news
| last = Rudy
| first = Dan
| title = Arikara app aims to revitalize language
| work = Minot Daily News, via KansasCity.com
| access-date = 2014-04-26
| date = 2014-04-20
| url = http://www.kansascity.com/2014/04/20/4963016/arikara-app-aims-to-revitalize.html
}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1990= 274
|2000= 348
|2010= 336
|2020= 363
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 348 people, 100 households, and 79 families residing in the CDP. The population density was {{convert|92.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 108 housing units at an average density of {{convert|28.8|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the CDP was 1.15% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 98.56% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 0.29% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 11.78% of the population.

There were 100 households, out of which 52.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 33.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.0% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.48 and the average family size was 3.89.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 43.1% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 5.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $15,625, and the median income for a family was $15,625. Males had a median income of $15,625 versus $12,159 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the CDP was $6,603. About 45.7% of families and 56.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 68.8% of those under age 18 and 53.3% of those age 65 or over.

==Public safety==
In 2020 the nearest fire station was in [[Garrison, North Dakota|Garrison]] and the nearest police station was in [[New Town, North Dakota|New Town]]. In 2020 there were plans to establish a joint police and fire station.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kxnet.com/news/local-news/white-shield-keeping-up-with-growing-population-with-a-new-community-center-public-safety-building/|title=White Shield keeping up with growing population with a new community center, public safety building |publisher=KXNet CBS [[Nexstar Media Group]]|date=2020-10-28|accessdate=2021-08-13}}</ref>

==Education==
It is served by [[White Shield School District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st38_nd/schooldistrict_maps/c38055_mclean/DC20SD_C38055.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: McLean County, ND|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2021-08-13}}</ref>

== Notable people ==
* [[Carol Juneau]], former member of [[Montana House of Representatives]] and [[Montana Senate]]; born in Elbowoods<ref name="votesmart_juneau">{{cite web |URL=https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/biography/20986/carol-juneau |title=Carol Juneau's Biography |publisher=[[Vote Smart]] |accessdate=August 17, 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{McLean County, North Dakota}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Census-designated places in McLean County, North Dakota]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in North Dakota]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1954]]
[[Category:Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation]]
[[Category:1954 establishments in North Dakota]]