Editing Wayne County, Illinois

{{Short description|County in Illinois, United States}}
{{Distinguish|Wayne, Illinois}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Wayne County
 | state                = Illinois
 | seal                 = 
 | founded              = 1819
 | seat wl              = Fairfield
 | largest city wl      = Fairfield
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 715
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 714
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 1.7
 | area percentage      = 0.2
 | population_as_of     = 2020
 | population_total     = 16179
 | pop_est_as_of        = 2024
 | population_est       = 15928 {{decrease}}
 | pop_est_footnotes    = <ref name=qf>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/waynecountyillinois/PST045224|title=Wayne County, Illinois|website=Census.gov|access-date= }}</ref>
 | population_density_sq_mi = 22.3
 | time zone            = Central
 | footnotes            = 
 | web                  = http://www.fairfield-il.com/county/
 | ex image             = Wayne County Courthouse in Fairfield.jpg
 | ex image cap         = [[Wayne County Courthouse (Illinois)|Wayne County Courthouse]] in Fairfield
 | district             = 12th
 | named for            = [[Anthony Wayne]]
}}

'''Wayne County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Illinois]]. According to the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], it had a population of 16,179.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wayne County, Illinois |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Wayne_County,_Illinois?g=050XX00US17191 |access-date=June 10, 2023 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Fairfield, Illinois|Fairfield]].<ref name="GR6">{{Cite web |title=Find a County |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> It is located in the southern portion of Illinois known locally as "[[Little Egypt (region)|Little Egypt]]".

==History==
Wayne County was formed in 1819 out of [[Edwards County, Illinois|Edwards County]]. It is named after [[Anthony Wayne|Gen. "Mad Anthony" Wayne]], an officer in the [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]] and [[Northwest Indian War]].

<gallery>
File:Wayne County Illinois 1819.png|Wayne County between its 1819 creation and 1821
File:Wayne County Illinois 1821.png|Wayne County between 1821 and 1824
File:Wayne County Illinois 1824.png|Wayne County in 1824, reduced to its current size
</gallery>

==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|715|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|714|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|1.7|sqmi}} (0.2%) is water.<ref name="census-density" />

===Climate and weather===
{{climate chart
|[[Fairfield, Illinois]]
|20|37|2.78
|24|43|2.70
|33|54|4.62
|43|66|4.80
|52|76|4.73
|61|85|4.20
|65|88|3.83
|63|87|3.35
|55|80|2.90
|44|68|3.31
|34|53|4.33
|24|42|3.45
|float=right
|units=imperial
|clear=both
|source=The Weather Channel<ref name="weather">{{Cite web |title=Monthly Averages for Fairfield, Illinois |url=http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIL0394 |access-date=January 27, 2011 |publisher=The Weather Channel}}</ref>}}
In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Fairfield have ranged from a low of {{convert|20|°F}} in January to a high of {{convert|88|°F}} in July, although a record low of {{convert|-23|°F}} was recorded in January 1994 and a record high of {{convert|113|°F}} was recorded in July 1901. Average monthly precipitation ranged from {{convert|2.70|in}} in February to {{convert|4.80|in}} in April.<ref name="weather" />

===Transit===
* [[Rides Mass Transit District]]

===Major highways===
* [[Image:I-64.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 64]]
* [[Image:US 45.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Highway 45]]
* [[Image:Illinois 15.svg|20px]] [[Illinois Route 15]]
* [[Image:Illinois 242.svg|20px]] [[Illinois Route 242]]

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Clay County, Illinois|Clay County]] (north)
* [[Richland County, Illinois|Richland County]] (northeast)
* [[Edwards County, Illinois|Edwards County]] (east)
* [[White County, Illinois|White County]] (southeast)
* [[Hamilton County, Illinois|Hamilton County]] (south)
* [[Jefferson County, Illinois|Jefferson County]] (southwest)
* [[Marion County, Illinois|Marion County]] (northwest)

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1820= 1114
|1830= 2553
|1840= 5133
|1850= 6825
|1860= 12223
|1870= 19758
|1880= 21291
|1890= 23806
|1900= 27626
|1910= 25697
|1920= 22772
|1930= 19130
|1940= 22092
|1950= 20933
|1960= 19008
|1970= 17004
|1980= 18059
|1990= 17241
|2000= 17151
|2010= 16760
|2020= 16179
|estyear=2024
|estimate=15928
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Decennial Census |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |access-date=July 9, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Census Browser |url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu |access-date=July 9, 2014 |publisher=University of Virginia Library}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/il190090.txt |access-date=July 9, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{Cite web |title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |access-date=July 9, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> 2010<ref name="QF">{{Cite web |title=State & County QuickFacts |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/17/17191.html |access-date=July 9, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> 2020<ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{Cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023 |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.html |access-date=April 2, 2024 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> 2024<ref name=qf/>
}}

As of the [[2010 United States census]], there were 16,760&nbsp;people, 7,102&nbsp;households, and 4,853&nbsp;families living in the county.<ref name="census-dp1">{{Cite web |title=DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US17191 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213024704/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US17191 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=July 12, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> The population density was {{convert|23.5|PD/sqmi}}. There were 7,975 housing units at an average density of {{convert|11.2|/sqmi}}.<ref name="census-density">{{Cite web |title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US17191 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212204026/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US17191 |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |access-date=July 12, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> The racial makeup of the county was 98.0% white, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% black or African American, 0.2% American Indian, 0.3% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.1% of the population.<ref name="census-dp1" /> In terms of ancestry, 17.0% were [[German American|German]], 14.1% were [[English American|English]], 12.7% were [[Americans|American]], and 9.8% were [[Irish American|Irish]].<ref name="census-dp2">{{Cite web |title=DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US17191 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213031844/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US17191 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=July 12, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

Of the 7,102&nbsp;households, 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.1% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.7% were non-families, and 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.86. The median age was 42.9 years.<ref name="census-dp1" />

The median income for a household in the county was $39,207 and the median income for a family was $47,879. Males had a median income of $34,800 versus $27,192 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,493. About 9.9% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 18.0% of those under age 18 and 13.8% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="census-dp3">{{Cite web |title=DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US17191 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213034045/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US17191 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=July 12, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

==Communities==

===City===
* [[Fairfield, Illinois|Fairfield]]

===Villages===
{{div col}}
* [[Cisne, Illinois|Cisne]]
* [[Golden Gate, Illinois|Golden Gate]]
* [[Jeffersonville, Illinois|Jeffersonville]]
* [[Johnsonville, Illinois|Johnsonville]]
* [[Keenes, Illinois|Keenes]]
* [[Mount Erie, Illinois|Mount Erie]]
* [[Sims, Illinois|Sims]]
* [[Wayne City, Illinois|Wayne City]]
{{div col end}}

===Unincorporated communities===
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Barnhill, Illinois|Barnhill]]
* [[Ellery, Illinois|Ellery]]
* [[Mayberry, Illinois|Mayberry]]
* [[Rinard, Illinois|Rinard]]
* [[Wynoose, Illinois|Wynoose]]
* [[Zenith, Illinois|Zenith]]
{{div col end}}

===Townships===
Wayne County is divided into these 20 [[Civil township|townships]]:
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Arrington Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Arrington]]
* [[Barnhill Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Barnhill]]
* [[Bedford Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Bedford]]
* [[Berry Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Berry]]
* [[Big Mound Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Big Mound]]
* [[Elm River Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Elm River]]
* [[Four Mile Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Four Mile]]
* [[Garden Hill Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Garden Hill]]
* [[Grover Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Grover]]
* [[Hickory Hill Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Hickory Hill]]
* [[Indian Prairie Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Indian Prairie]]
* [[Jasper Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Jasper]]
* [[Keith Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Keith]]
* [[Lamard Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Lamard]]
* [[Leech Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Leech]]
* [[Massilon Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Massilon]]
* [[Mount Erie Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Mount Erie]]
* [[Orchard Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Orchard]]
* [[Orel Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Orel]]
* [[Zif Township, Wayne County, Illinois|Zif]]
{{div col end}}

==Program 1033 Acquisitions==
According to Department of Defense data, Wayne County has received six 5.56MM rifles and three "Utility Trucks" with a total acquisition cost of $120,705.<ref name="GitHub">{{Cite web |title=Military Surplus Gear |url=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TheUpshot/Military-Surplus-Gear/master/1033-program-foia-may-2014.csv |format=CSV}}</ref>

==Politics==
{{PresHead|place=Wayne County, Illinois|source=<ref>{{Cite web |last=Leip |first=David |title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections |url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS |access-date=November 13, 2018 |website=uselectionatlas.org}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|7,019|1,155|117|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|7,176|1,187|136|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|6,967|1,048|286|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|5,988|1,514|195|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|5,390|2,547|134|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|6,102|2,139|46|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|5,347|2,209|137|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|4,029|3,054|1,057|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|3,809|3,332|1,731|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|5,481|3,135|44|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|6,298|2,621|32|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|6,013|3,258|286|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|5,211|4,303|67|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|6,400|2,763|12|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|5,532|2,993|759|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|4,745|5,198|0|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|6,652|3,954|9|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|6,286|3,942|14|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|6,495|3,911|12|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|4,984|4,070|60|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|5,683|4,019|61|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|6,556|5,569|67|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|5,528|5,752|50|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|4,097|5,488|71|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|5,189|3,108|67|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|4,937|4,247|184|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|4,908|3,137|68|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1916|Republican|5,383|4,934|239|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1912|Democratic|1,418|2,378|1,831|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1908|Republican|2,946|2,791|203|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|3,078|2,416|354|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1900|Republican|3,117|3,062|186|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1896|Democratic|2,906|3,102|71|Illinois}}
{{PresFoot|1892|Democratic|2,350|2,372|649|Illinois}}

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Illinois#Wayne County|National Register of Historic Places listings in Wayne County]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Wayne County, Illinois
|North     = [[Clay County, Illinois|Clay County]]
|Northeast = [[Richland County, Illinois|Richland County]]
|East      = [[Edwards County, Illinois|Edwards County]]
|Southeast = [[White County, Illinois|White County]]
|South     = [[Hamilton County, Illinois|Hamilton County]]
|Southwest = [[Jefferson County, Illinois|Jefferson County]]
|West      =
|Northwest = [[Marion County, Illinois|Marion County]]
}}

{{Wayne County, Illinois}}
{{Illinois}}
{{Southern-Illinois |state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|38.43|-88.42|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-IL_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Wayne County, Illinois| ]]
[[Category:Illinois counties]]
[[Category:1819 establishments in Illinois]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1819]]
[[Category:Southern Illinois|Wayne County, Illinois]]