Editing Washington, Massachusetts

{{distinguish|Mount Washington, Massachusetts}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Washington, Massachusetts
| nickname                 = 
| motto                    = 
| image_skyline            = New England Interstate Route 8 entering Washington MA.jpg
| imagesize                = 250px
| image_caption            = Entering Washington
| image_seal               = Seal of Washington, Massachusetts.png
| image_flag               = 
| image_map                = Berkshire County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Washington highlighted.svg
| mapsize                  = 260px
| map_caption              = Location in [[Berkshire County, Massachusetts|Berkshire County]] and the state of [[Massachusetts]].
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Massachusetts]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Berkshire County, Massachusetts|Berkshire]]
| established_title        = Settled
| established_date         = 1760
| established_title2       = Incorporated
| established_date2        = 1777
| established_title3       = 
| established_date3        = 
| government_type          = [[Open town meeting]]
| leader_title             = 
| leader_name              = 
| leader_title1            = <!--Board of <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selectmen-->
| leader_name1             = 
| area_magnitude           = 
| area_total_km2           = 100.5
| area_total_sq_mi         = 
| area_land_km2            = 98.4
| area_land_sq_mi          = 
| area_water_km2           = 2.1
| area_water_sq_mi         = 
| population_as_of         = 2020
| settlement_type          = [[New England town|Town]]
| population_total         = 494
| population_density_km2   = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| elevation_m              = 430
| elevation_ft             = 1412
| timezone                 = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset               = -5
| timezone_DST             = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset_DST           = -4
| coordinates              = {{coord|42|22|N|73|7|W|region:US-MA|display=inline,title}}
| website                  = {{URL|www.washington-ma.gov}}
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code              = 01223 (Washington)<br/>01240 ([[Lenox, Massachusetts|Lenox]])
| area_code                = [[Area code 413|413]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 25-73335
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 618275<ref name=GNIS>{{cite gnis|618275|Town of Washington}}</ref>
| footnotes                = 
}}
'''Washington''' is a [[New England town|town]] in [[Berkshire County, Massachusetts|Berkshire County]], [[Massachusetts]], United States. It is part of the [[Pittsfield, Massachusetts|Pittsfield]], [[Massachusetts]], [[Metropolitan Statistical Area]]. The population was 494 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US2500373335| title=Census - Geography Profile: Washington town, Berkshire County, Massachusetts| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]| access-date=November 14, 2021}}</ref>

== History ==

Washington was first settled in 1760 and was officially incorporated in 1777. The town was known by several different names, including Greenoch, Watsontown and Hartville, before being renamed in 1784 for [[George Washington]].<ref>[http://www.berkshireweb.com/themap/washington/washington.html The Berkshire Web - Washington, Massachusetts]</ref> The town has always been rural, with few small industries, known more for being along the stage road to [[Pittsfield, Massachusetts|Pittsfield]] and along the rail line later.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|100.5|sqkm|disp=flip}}, of which {{convert|98.4|sqkm|disp=flip}} is land and {{convert|2.1|sqkm|disp=flip}}, or 2.10%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010">{{Cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/0600000US2500373335| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212145247/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/0600000US2500373335| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Washington town, Berkshire County, Massachusetts| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=December 17, 2013}}</ref> Located in central Berkshire County along the [[Hampshire County, Massachusetts|Hampshire County]] line, the town, which is roughly shaped, is bordered by [[Pittsfield, Massachusetts|Pittsfield]] to the northwest, [[Dalton, Massachusetts|Dalton]], [[Hinsdale, Massachusetts|Hinsdale]] and [[Peru, Massachusetts|Peru]] to the north, [[Middlefield, Massachusetts|Middlefield]] to the east, [[Becket, Massachusetts|Becket]] to the southeast, [[Lee, Massachusetts|Lee]] to the southwest, and [[Lenox, Massachusetts|Lenox]] to the west. Washington is {{convert|39|mi}} northwest of [[Springfield, Massachusetts|Springfield]] and {{convert|123|mi}} west of [[Boston]].

Washington lies within the [[Berkshire Hills]], and its geography is dominated by Washington Mountain in the western part of town.<ref>{{cite web |title=Historic Resources of the Town of Washington, Massachusetts |url={{NRHP url|id=64000302|title=}} |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |first1=Betsy |last1=Firedberg |first2=James |last2=Parrish |date=March 1986}}</ref> The mountain, which is surrounded by the [[October Mountain State Forest]], rises to its high plain above the banks of the [[Housatonic River]], falling slowly eastward towards the valley where Depot Brook (which feeds into a branch of the [[Westfield River]]) and the east branch of the Housatonic rise. There are several small reservoirs and lakes throughout the town as well. Along the mountain, the [[Appalachian Trail]] crosses through town, and the town is home to the Bucksteep Manor Cross Country Ski Area.

[[Massachusetts Route 8]] is the only state route through town, passing from Becket to Hinsdale. The nearest interstate highway, [[Interstate 90 in Massachusetts|Interstate 90]] (the [[Massachusetts Turnpike]]), is accessible in neighboring Lee. The town has a rail line, the [[CSX Transportation|CSX]] Berkshire Subdivision, operated by [[CSX Transportation|CSX]] and used by [[Amtrak]]. The summit of the Berkshires on the rail line is 0.1&nbsp;mi north of Summit Hill Road bridge in Washington. The nearest regional airport is [[Pittsfield Municipal Airport (Massachusetts)|Pittsfield Municipal Airport]], and the nearest scheduled commercial passenger flights are at [[Bradley International Airport]] in [[Connecticut]].

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations | type=USA | align=left
 | 1850|953
 | 1860|948
 | 1870|694
 | 1880|493
 | 1890|434
 | 1900|377
 | 1910|277
 | 1920|240
 | 1930|222
 | 1940|267
 | 1950|281
 | 1960|290
 | 1970|406
 | 1980|587
 | 1990|615
 | 2000|544
 | 2010|538
 | 2020|494
 | 2022*|497
 | footnote=* = population estimate.  {{Historical populations/Massachusetts municipalities references}}<ref>{{cite web | title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2022| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | access-date=October 29, 2023 | url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 544 people, 203 households, and 163 families residing in the town.  The town ranks 28th out of 32 cities and towns in Berkshire County by population, and 340th out of 351 cities and towns in Massachusetts.  The [[population density]] was 14.4 people per square mile (5.6/km{{sup|2}}), ranking it second to last in the county and sixth to last in the state.  There were 236 housing units at an average density of 6.2 per square mile (2.4/km{{sup|2}}).  The racial makeup of the town was 99.45% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.37% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], and 0.18% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.74% of the population.

There were 203 households, out of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.7% were non-families. 14.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 32.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.1 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $54,583, and the median income for a family was $55,357. Males had a median income of $40,417 versus $27,143 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $23,610.  About 4.8% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 12.5% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

==Government==
Washington uses the [[open town meeting]] form of government, and is led by a [[board of selectmen]]. The town has its own police and public works department. Washington has no fire department or public library but relies on both Hinsdale and Becket having facilities. The nearest hospital, Berkshire Medical Center, is in Pittsfield.

On the state level, Washington is represented in the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]] as part of the Second Berkshire district, represented by Paul Mark, which covers central Berkshire County, as well as portions of Hampshire and Franklin counties. In the [[Massachusetts Senate]], the town is part of the Berkshire, Hampshire and Franklin district, represented by Ben Downing, which includes all of Berkshire County and western Hampshire and Franklin counties.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/legis/citytown.htm Senators and Representatives by City and Town]</ref> The town is patrolled by the Fourth (Cheshire) Station of Barracks "B" of the [[Massachusetts State Police]], and is the southernmost town in that station's patrol area.<ref>[http://www.mass.gov/?pageID=eopsterminal&L=5&L0=Home&L1=Law+Enforcement+%26+Criminal+Justice&L2=Law+Enforcement&L3=State+Police+Troops&L4=Troop+B&sid=Eeops&b=terminalcontent&f=msp_divisions_field_services_troops_troop_b_msp_field_troop_b_station_b4&csid=Eeops Station B-4, SP Cheshire]</ref>

On the national level, Washington is represented in the [[United States House of Representatives]] as part of [[Massachusetts's 1st congressional district]], and is represented by [[Richard Neal]] of [[Springfield, Massachusetts|Springfield]] since 2012. Massachusetts is currently represented in the [[United States Senate]] by senior Senator [[Elizabeth Warren]] and junior Senator [[Ed Markey]].

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="float:center; margin:1em; font-size:95%;"
|+ Washington presidential election results<ref>{{cite web|url=https://electionstats.state.ma.us/elections/search/year_from:1970/year_to:1970/|title=Election Results}}</ref>
|- style="background:lightgrey;"
! Year
! [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! [[Third party (United States)|Third parties]]
! Total Votes
! Margin
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2020 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|2020]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''67.99%''' ''240''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|30.31% ''107''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|1.70% ''6''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|353
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|37.68%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2016 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|2016]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''66.56%''' ''217''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|27.30% ''89''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|6.13% ''20''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|326
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|39.26%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|2012]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''75.63%''' ''239''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|21.84% ''69''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|2.53% ''8''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|316
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|53.80%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2008 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|2008]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''73.93%''' ''258''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|23.50% ''82''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|2.58% ''9''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|349
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|50.43%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2004 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|2004]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''66.14%''' ''211''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|32.60% ''104''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|1.25% ''4''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|319
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|33.54%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[2000 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|2000]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''58.50%''' ''179''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|29.08% ''89''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|12.42% ''38''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|306
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|29.41%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[1996 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1996]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''57.32%''' ''180''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|21.02% ''66''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|21.66% ''68''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|314
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|36.31%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[1992 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1992]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''42.81%''' ''131''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|15.69% ''48''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|41.50% ''127''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|306
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|1.31%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[1988 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1988]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''55.33%''' ''135''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|43.44% ''106''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|1.23% ''3''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|244
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|11.89%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1984 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1984]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|43.04% ''99''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''55.65%''' ''128''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|1.30% ''3''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|230
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|12.61%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1980]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|32.80% ''82''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''41.20%''' ''103''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|26.00% ''65''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|250
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|8.40%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1976 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1976]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|47.68% ''113''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''48.52%''' ''115''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|3.80% ''9''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|237
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|0.84%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1972 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1972]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|42.53% ''74''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''57.47%''' ''100''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|0.00% ''0''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|174
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|14.94%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1968 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1968]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|44.94% ''71''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''46.84%''' ''74''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|8.23% ''13''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|158
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|1.90%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[1964 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1964]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''54.93%''' ''78''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|44.37% ''63''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|0.70% ''1''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|142
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|10.56%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1960 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1960]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|42.28% ''52''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''57.72%''' ''71''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|0.00% ''0''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|123
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|15.45%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1956]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|29.91% ''35''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''70.09%''' ''82''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|0.00% ''0''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|117
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|40.17%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1952]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|27.05% ''33''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''72.95%''' ''89''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|0.00% ''0''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|122
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|45.90%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1948 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1948]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|31.96% ''31''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''68.04%''' ''66''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|0.00% ''0''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|97
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|36.08%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|[[1944 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1944]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|45.36% ''44''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''54.64%''' ''53''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|0.00% ''0''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|97
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|9.28%
|-
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|[[1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|1940]]
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''52.78%''' ''57''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Republican}}|47.22% ''51''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Independent}}|0.00% ''0''
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|108
|align="center" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|5.56%
|}

==Education==
Washington is one of the seven towns in the [[Central Berkshire Regional School District]], the largest district (by land area) in the Commonwealth. Students in Washington attend the Beckett-Washington Elementary School in neighboring Becket for elementary school. All students in the district travel to Dalton to attend Nessacus Regional Middle School for sixth through eighth grades and Wahconah Regional High School for the high grades. There are no private schools in Washington, with the nearest being in the Pittsfield area.

The nearest community college is [[Berkshire Community College]] in Pittsfield.  The nearest state colleges are [[Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts]] in North Adams and [[Westfield State University]] in Westfield, and the nearest state university is the [[University of Massachusetts Amherst]].

==Notable people==

* [[Arlo Guthrie]], Folk singer
* [[James Taylor]], Singer-songwriter

==References==

{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.washington-ma.gov Town of Washington official website]

{{Berkshire County, Massachusetts}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Washington, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:Towns in Berkshire County, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Towns in Massachusetts]]