Editing Vitoria-Gasteiz

{{about|the Spanish city|other uses|Vitoria (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Vitoria-Gasteiz
| settlement_type         = [[Municipalities of Spain|Municipality]]
| official_name           = <!-- if different from name -->
| native_name             = Vitoria ({{llink|es}})<br /> Gasteiz ({{llink|eu}})
|image_skyline                    = {{Multiple image
  | perrow = 2/2/2
  | border = infobox
  | total_width = 280 
  | caption_align = center
  | image1 = Vitoria - Plaza de la Virgen Blanca, Escultura vegetal Vitoria Gasteiz !.jpg
  | caption1 = [[Plaza de la Virgen Blanca|Virgen Blanca Square]]
  | image2 = Gasteiz, Euskal Herria.jpg
  | caption2 = Panoramic view
  | image3 = Vitoria-Gasteiz - Vieille Cathédrale.jpg
  | caption3 = [[Cathedral of Santa María de Vitoria|Old Cathedral]]
  | image4 = Vitoria - Salburua - Ataria 04 edited.jpg
  | caption4 = [[Ataria]]
  | image5 = Plaza de España. Vitoria.jpg
  | caption5 = [[Plaza Nueva, Vitoria|Plaza Nueva]]
  | image6 = Vitoria 2021 - main façade.jpg
  | caption6 = [[Cathedral of María Inmaculada of Vitoria|New Cathedral]]
}}
| image_flag              = Flag of Vitoria.svg
| image_shield            = Escudo de Vitoria.svg
| nickname                =
| motto                   = Haec est Victoria quae vincit<br /><small>(This is Victoria which triumphs)</small>
| pushpin_map             = Spain#Spain Basque Country#Europe
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location of Vitoria-Gasteiz within Spain / the Basque Autonomous Country
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = [[Spain]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Autonomous community]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Álava]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Comarcas of Spain|Comarca]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Cuadrilla de Vitoria|Vitoria-Gasteiz]]
| seat_type               = <!-- [[Capital (political)|Capital]] -->
| seat                    =
| coordinates             = {{coord|42|51|N|2|41|W|region:ES_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| elevation_m             = 525
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| area_footnotes          =
| area_total_km2          = 276.81
| established_title       = Founded
| established_date        = 1181
| population_as_of        = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes    = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
| population_total        = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_demonym      = {{langx|eu|gasteiztar}}<br />{{langx|es|vitoriano, vitoriana}}|
| population_density_km2  = auto
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Languages of Spain|Official language(s)]]
| blank_info_sec1         = Spanish, Basque
| timezone                = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset              = +1
| timezone_DST            = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST          = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[List of postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 01001–01015
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in Spain|Dialing code]]
| area_code               =
| leader_title            = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name             = [[Maider Etxebarria]]
| leader_party            = [[Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left|PSE-EE]]
| website                 = {{URL|http://www.vitoria-gasteiz.org/|vitoria-gasteiz.org}}
| module                  =
| footnotes               =
}}

'''Vitoria-Gasteiz''' ({{IPA|es|biˈtoɾja ɣasˈtejθ, -ɣasˈtejs|lang}}; {{IPA|eu|bitoɾia ɣas̺teis̻|lang}}; also historically spelled '''Vittoria''' in English)<ref>{{Cite book|editor-first=Benjamin E.|editor-last=Smith|publisher=The Century Co.|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IB0xAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1041|page=1041|title=The Century Cyclopedia of Names: A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of Names in Geography, Biography, Mythology, History, Ethnology, Art, Archæology, Fiction, Etc. ...|year=1895}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|year=1863|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fmQIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA136|page=136|title=The new American Cyclopædia|editor-first=G.|editor-last=Ripley|editor-first2 =C.A.|editor-last2=Dana|volume=16|location=New York|publisher=D. Appleton and Company}}</ref> is the seat of government and the capital city of the [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country]] and of the [[provinces of Spain|province]] of [[Álava]] in northern [[Spain]]. It holds the autonomous community's [[Basque Parliament|House of Parliament]], the headquarters of the Government, and the [[Lehendakari|Lehendakari's (Prime Minister's)]] official residency. The municipality—which comprises not only the city but also the mainly agricultural lands of 63 villages around—is the largest in the Basque Country, with a total area of {{Convert|276.81|km2|sqmi}}, and it has a population of 261,494 (January 2025). The dwellers of Vitoria-Gasteiz are called ''vitorianos'' or ''gasteiztarrak'', while traditionally they are dubbed ''babazorros'' ([[Basque language|Basque]] for 'bean sacks').

Vitoria-Gasteiz is a dynamic city with strengths in [[healthcare]], [[aeronautics]], the [[automotive industry]], and [[viticulture]]. It is the first Spanish municipality to be awarded the title of [[European Green Capital Award|European Green Capital]] (in 2012) and it has been also recognized by the UN with the Global Green City Award (in 2019). The old town has some of the best preserved medieval streets and plazas in the region and it is one of very few cities with two cathedrals. The city also holds well known festivals such as the [[Azkena rock festival]], [[FesTVal]], [[Vitoria-Gasteiz jazz festival]], and the [[Virgen Blanca Festivities]].

Vitoria-Gasteiz's vicinity is home to acclaimed wineries such as Ysios, designed by architect [[Santiago Calatrava]], and [[Marqués de Riscal Hotel|Marqués de Riscal]], by [[Frank Gehry]]. Relevant heritage sites including the Neolithic remains of [[:eu:Aizkomendiko trikuharria|Aizkomendi]], [[Salvatierra/Agurain|Sorginetxe]] and [[La chabola de la Hechicera]]; Iron Age remains such as the settlements of Lastra and Buradón; antique remains such as the settlement of [[La Hoya, Alava|La Hoya]] and the salt valley of [[Añana]]; and several medieval fortresses including the [[Tower of Mendoza]] and the [[Tower of Villañañe|Tower of Varona]].

[[Ludwig van Beethoven]] dedicated his Opus 91, often called the "[[Battle of Vitoria]]" or "[[Wellington's Victory]]", to one of the most famous events of the Napoleonic Wars: the [[Battle of Vitoria]], in which a Spanish, Portuguese and British army under the command of [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|General the Duke of Wellington]] broke the French army and nearly captured the puppet king [[Joseph Bonaparte]]. It was a pivotal point in the [[Peninsular War]], and a precursor to the expulsion of the French army from Spain. A memorial statue can be seen today in [[Virgen Blanca Square]].

== Name ==
The official name of Vitoria-Gasteiz is a compound name of its traditional names in {{llink|es}} and {{llink|eu}}, respectively. By inhabitants, it is still generally referred to as either ''Vitoria'' or ''Gasteiz'', depending on the language spoken. More rarely, it may be referred to by Basque speakers as ''Vitorixe'', a Basque form of the Spanish name.

== History ==
[[File:GasteizXVII.jpg|thumb|left|Vitoria-Gasteiz in the 17th century]]
In 581 AD, the [[Visigoths|Visigoth]] king [[Liuvigild]] founded the city of Victoriacum, trying to emulate the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] foundations, as a celebration of the victory against the [[Vascones]] near what is assumed to be the hill occupied by the primitive village of Gasteiz. This however is not sufficiently proven, and some historians and experts believe that Victoriacum was located not on the site of present-day Vitoria-Gasteiz but nearby. Several possible locations have been proposed, the foremost of which is the late Roman military camp of [[Iruña-Veleia]] (cf. J. M. Lacarra). Veleia is located some 11&nbsp;km north of modern Vitoria, on the banks of the same river. However, modern archeological studies of the site suggest that Veleia was last inhabited {{Circa|5th century AD}}, and archeologists are still to find a 6th-century Visigothic resettlement in the site.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u-X4dkALGsAC&q=Victoriacum|title=Leovigildo: unidad y diversidad de un reinado|first1=Luis A. García|last1=Moreno|first2=Luis Suárez|last2=Fernández|date=10 March 2018|publisher=Real Academia de la Historia|isbn=9788496849402|via=Google Books}}</ref> Another theory has suggested that Victoriacum was located at the foot of Mount [[Gorbea]] where there is a village called [[Vitoriano]]. The town of [[Armentia]], nowadays in the outskirts of Vitoria, has also been proposed as a possible location of Victoriacum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.euskomedia.org/aunamendi/98647|title = Nova Victoria - Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia}}</ref> In either case, Victoriacum vanishes from history shortly after its foundation.<ref name="books.google.co.uk">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u-X4dkALGsAC&q=Victoriaco&pg=PA148|title=Leovigildo: unidad y diversidad de un reinado|first1=Luis A. García|last1=Moreno|first2=Luis Suárez|last2=Fernández|date=10 March 2018|publisher=Real Academia de la Historia|isbn=9788496849402|via=Google Books}}</ref>

In 1181, Sancho the Wise, [[King of Navarre]] founded the town of ''Nova Victoria'' as a defensive outpost on top of a hill at the site of the previous settlement of Gasteiz. The existence of ''Gastehiz'', apparently inhabited by Vasconic people,<ref>S. Villimer: ''Vitoria, historia de una ciudad'', p. 160 (Vitoria 1977).</ref> can be traced back to the Middle Ages; it is certain that by the 11th century, prior to the foundation of ''Nova Victoria'', the settlement was already walled. It is assumed that Sancho the Wise gave the new city its name in memory of the old settlement of Victoriacum, which must had long since been abandoned.<ref name="books.google.co.uk"/> In 1199, the town was besieged for nine months and eventually captured by the troops of [[Alfonso VIII of Castile]], who annexed the town to the [[Kingdom of Castile]]. The town was progressively enlarged and in 1431 it was granted a city [[Municipal charter|charter]] by [[John II of Castile|King Juan II]] of Castile. In 1463, it was one of the five founding ''villas'' of the Brotherhood of Álava alongside [[List of municipalities in La Rioja|Sajazarra]], [[Miranda de Ebro]], [[Pancorbo]] and [[Salvatierra/Agurain]].

[[File:Vitoria-Gasteiz_-_Vieille_Cathédrale.jpg|thumb|left|[[Cathedral of Santa María de Vitoria]], completed in the 17th century]]
[[File:George Jones (1786-1869) - The Battle of Vittoria - RCIN 407186 - Royal Collection.jpg|thumb|''[[The Battle of Vittoria (painting)|The Battle of Vittoria]]'' by [[George Jones (painter)|George Jones]] depicting the 1813 battle.]]
The [[Battle of Vitoria]] of the [[Peninsular War]] occurred near Vitoria-Gasteiz along the river [[Zadorra]] on 21 June 1813. An allied British, Portuguese, and Spanish army under [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|General the Marquess of Wellington]] broke the French army under [[Joseph Bonaparte]] and Marshal [[Jean-Baptiste Jourdan]]. The victory assured the eventual end of French control in Spain. There is a monument commemorating this battle in the main square of the city known as the Monument to Independence.

When news came to Vienna in late July of that year, [[Johann Nepomuk Mälzel]] commissioned [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] to compose a symphony, the op. 91 [[Wellington's Victory|Wellingtons Sieg oder die Schlacht bei Vittoria]] (Wellington's Victory, or the Battle of Vitoria) or ''Siegessymphonie''.

Work began on the Institute for Middle Education in 1843, with classes beginning during the 1853–54 academic year. It is now current headquarters of the [[Basque Parliament]] and formerly the convent of Santa Clara. The Free University opened in the wake of the revolution of 1868. The university operated from 1869, to just prior to the 1873–1874 term, largely because of the [[Third Carlist War|second Carlist War]]. Some of its most notable academics were Ricardo Becerro de Bengoa, Julián Apraiz and [[Federico Baraibar]]. The latter was also among the first teachers of Basque in Vitoria-Gasteiz as an off-[[syllabus]] subject.

===Spanish Civil War===
At the start of the [[Spanish Civil War]] Álava and Vitoria were easily captured by the rebel [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalists]] led by General Angel García Benítez, assisted by Colonel [[Camilo Alonso Vega]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Hugh |title=The Spanish Civil War |date=2012 |publisher=Penguin Books |location=London |isbn=978-0-141-01161-5 |page=226 |edition=50th Anniversary}}</ref> Vitoria was captured on 19 July 1936.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Beevor |first1=Antony |title=The Battle for Spain |date=2006 |publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson |location=London |isbn=978-0-7538-2165-7 |page=72}}</ref> In November 1936 an attempt by [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republicans]] to retake Vitoria was thwarted after being spotted by Nationalist reconnaissance aircraft.<ref>Beevor (2006) p.251</ref> The 1937 Nationalist campaign in [[Biscay|Vizcaya]] was supported by 80 German aircraft based at Vitoria,<ref>Thomas (2012) p.596</ref> where the [[Condor Legion]] fighter wing was concentrated.<ref>Beevor (2006) p.253</ref>

===Transition to democracy===
During the [[Spanish transition to democracy]], the Church of St. Francis of Assisi was the scene of a [[Massacre of 3rd of March in Vitoria|police shooting on March 3, 1976]] during a peaceful labour assembly. Under the orders of Interior Minister [[Manuel Fraga]], the police shot tear-gas into the church where 5,000 demonstrators and others had met, firing on them as they struggled their way out of the building. It resulted in five dead and over one hundred wounded by gunshot.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://catalogo.artium.org/dossieres/4/fotoperiodismo-la-realidad-captada-por-el-objetivo/fotografias-con-historia/masacre-del- |title=Masacre del 3 de marzo en Vitoria-Gasteiz (1976) |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=2010 |website=Artium |access-date=2016-07-14 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Malaina|first=Guillermo|date=2008-02-13|title=Los fantasmas de Fraga|url=http://www.publico.es/espana/fantasmas-fraga.html|newspaper=Público|access-date=2016-07-15}}</ref>

On 20 May 1980, by decision of the Basque Parliament, Vitoria-Gasteiz became the place of the common institutions of the [[Basque Autonomous Community]].

===Judizmendi===
[[File:Convivencia by Yael Artsi .jpg|thumb|"Coexistence" by Yael Artsi.]]
Historically, there once was a [[Jewish]] community living in Vitoria, before the [[Expulsion of the Jews from Spain|expulsion of the Jews]]. In 1492, the year of the expulsion, the town council agreed to maintain and respect the Jewish cemetery, which became known as Judimendi, or "mountain of the Jews" in [[Basque language|Basque]]. Over time, linguistically, "Judimendi" became "Judizmendi." Unique to anywhere else in Spain, the town maintained this agreement from 1492-1952, when the town undertook plans to convert Judizmendi to a public garden. The Jewish community in [[Bayonne]] heard about these plans, and convinced the city government of Vitoria-Gasteiz to commemorate the memory of the cemetery.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vitoria |url=https://jguideeurope.org/en/region/spain/basque-country/vitoria/ |website=JGuide Europe |access-date=25 June 2024}}</ref> In 2004, Israeli artist Yaël Artsi created the monument "Coexistence" to be displayed at Judizmendi.

In 2017, the monument was vandalized with anti-semitic graffiti twice: once in April, and once in May.<ref>{{citation |journal=Observatorio Antisemitismo |title=INFORME SOBRE EL ANTISEMITISMO EN ESPAÑA 2017-2018 |issue=2017–2018 |page=11 |url=https://archive.jpr.org.uk/download?id=8788 |access-date=25 June 2024}}</ref>

In 2019, the Basque Jewish community held a ceremony to pay tribute to the city for honoring its promise to the Jews.<ref>{{cite web |title=La comunidad judía de Euskadi homenajeará a Vitoria-Gasteiz por cumplir su promesa hace 526 años de cuidar su antiguo cementerio |url=https://blogs.vitoria-gasteiz.org/medios/2019/01/30/la-comunidad-judia-de-euskadi-homenajeara-a-vitoria-gasteiz-por-cumplir-su-promesa-hace-526-anos-de-cuidar-su-antiguo-cementerio/ |website=Vitoria-Gasteiz.org |access-date=25 June 2024}}</ref>

== Climate ==
Vitoria-Gasteiz has an [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Cfb''). Winters are much cooler than in lowland coastal areas, whilst summers are similar in terms of high temperatures, with cool nights due to the elevation. Summers show a significant influence of [[mediterranean climate|mediterranean]] precipitation patterns, but enough precipitation usually occurs to remain marine in nature. Sunshine levels are low by Spanish standards and the climate is humid year-round.

{{Weather box
|location = Foronda-Txokiza 513m (1981–2010)
|metric first = y
|single line = y
|Jan high C = 8.7
|Feb high C = 10.3
|Mar high C = 13.7
|Apr high C = 15.4
|May high C = 19.3
|Jun high C = 23.0
|Jul high C = 25.7
|Aug high C = 25.9
|Sep high C = 23.1
|Oct high C = 18.3
|Nov high C = 12.4
|Dec high C = 9.1
|year high C = 17.1
|Jan mean C = 4.9
|Feb mean C = 5.7
|Mar mean C = 8.2
|Apr mean C = 9.8
|May mean C = 13.3
|Jun mean C = 16.6
|Jul mean C = 19.0
|Aug mean C = 19.2
|Sep mean C = 16.6
|Oct mean C = 12.9
|Nov mean C = 8.2
|Dec mean C = 5.5
|year mean C = 11.7
|Jan low C = 1.2
|Feb low C = 1.1
|Mar low C = 2.7
|Apr low C = 4.1
|May low C = 7.2
|Jun low C = 10.2
|Jul low C = 12.3
|Aug low C = 12.5
|Sep low C = 10.1
|Oct low C = 7.5
|Nov low C = 4.0
|Dec low C = 1.9
|year low C = 6.2
| precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 75
|Feb precipitation mm = 63
|Mar precipitation mm = 63
|Apr precipitation mm = 73
|May precipitation mm = 70
|Jun precipitation mm = 43
|Jul precipitation mm = 38
|Aug precipitation mm = 39
|Sep precipitation mm = 41
|Oct precipitation mm = 71
|Nov precipitation mm = 91
|Dec precipitation mm = 82
|year precipitation mm = 742
|Jan snow mm= 
|Feb snow mm= 
|Mar snow mm= 
|Apr snow mm= 
|May snow mm= 
|Jun snow mm= 
|Jul snow mm= 
|Aug snow mm= 
|Sep snow mm= 
|Oct snow mm= 
|Nov snow mm= 
|Dec snow mm= 
|year snow mm=
|Jan snow days= 3
|Feb snow days= 3
|Mar snow days= 2
|Apr snow days= 1
|May snow days= 0
|Jun snow days= 0
|Jul snow days= 0
|Aug snow days= 0
|Sep snow days= 0
|Oct snow days= 0
|Nov snow days= 1
|Dec snow days= 2
|year snow days= 11
|Jan humidity = 83
|Feb humidity = 79
|Mar humidity = 72
|Apr humidity = 72
|May humidity = 71
|Jun humidity = 70
|Jul humidity = 70
|Aug humidity = 70
|Sep humidity = 72
|Oct humidity = 77
|Nov humidity = 82
|Dec humidity = 84
|year humidity = 75
|Jan precipitation days =  10
|Feb precipitation days =  10
|Mar precipitation days = 8
|Apr precipitation days = 11
|May precipitation days = 9
|Jun precipitation days = 6
|Jul precipitation days = 4
|Aug precipitation days = 5
|Sep precipitation days = 6
|Oct precipitation days = 9
|Nov precipitation days = 11
|Dec precipitation days = 11
|year precipitation days = 99
|unit precipitation days = 1 mm
|Jan sun = 83
|Feb sun = 108
|Mar sun = 148
|Apr sun = 163
|May sun = 196
|Jun sun = 218
|Jul sun = 244
|Aug sun = 226
|Sep sun = 178
|Oct sun = 144
|Nov sun = 92
|Dec sun = 75
|year sun = 1886
|Jan record high C= 18.7
|Feb record high C= 21.5
|Mar record high C= 26.6
|Apr record high C= 29.1
|May record high C= 33.0
|Jun record high C= 37.4
|Jul record high C= 38.4
|Aug record high C= 40.8
|Sep record high C= 37.2
|Oct record high C= 29.3
|Nov record high C= 22.2
|Dec record high C= 20.3
|year record high C= 40.8
|Jan record low C= -17.8
|Feb record low C= -15.4
|Mar record low C= -9.2
|Apr record low C= -3.8
|May record low C= -2.2 
|Jun record low C= 1.0
|Jul record low C= 3.2
|Aug record low C= 0.8
|Sep record low C= 0.2
|Oct record low C= -2.7
|Nov record low C= -9.4
|Dec record low C= -11.5
|year record low C= -17.8
|source 1 = Agencia Estatal de Meterología<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.aemet.es/eu/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=9091O&k=pva | title = Balio Klimatologiko Normalak. Foronda-Txokiza | publisher = [[AEMET]] | access-date = 2013-08-21}}</ref>
|date=August 2013}}

== Subdivisions ==
=== Councils ===
[[Image:Vitoria - Armentia 002.jpg|thumb|[[Armentia#Basilica of San Prudencio|Basilica of San Prudencio]], located in [[Armentia]]]]
The municipality of Vitoria has subsumed a number of rural villages, which are preserved as ''[[concejo (Álava)|concejos]]'', retaining a certain degree of administrative autonomy.<ref name="araba.eus">[https://www.araba.eus/botha/Boletines/2013/141/2013_141_06218.pdf Junta Electoral del territorio histórico de Álava]. ''Boletín Oficial del Territorio Histórico de Álava''. 10 de diciembre de 2013. Consultado el 26 de abril de 2016.</ref><ref name="www1.euskadi.net">{{Cite web |title=Nombres oficiales de municipios y entidades de población |url=http://www1.euskadi.net/euskara_udalerriak/consulta/consultaBDMuni.asp?accion=Consultar# |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=www1.euskadi.net}}</ref>
{{div col begin|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Abetxuko]] 
* [[Aberásturi]]
* [[Amarita]]
* [[Andollu]] 
* [[Antezana/Andetxa]] 
* [[Aranbizkarra]]
* [[Arangiz]] 
* [[Arkauti|Arkauti - Arcaute]]
* [[Arkaia]] 
* [[Aretxabaleta, Álava|Aretxabaleta]] 
* [[Argandoña]] 
* [[Aríñez|Aríñez - Ariñiz]] 
* [[Armentia]] 
* [[Arriaga, Álava|Arriaga]] 
* [[Askartza]] 
* [[Asteguieta]] 
* [[Berrostegieta]] 
* [[Betoño]] 
* [[Bolibar, Álava|Bolibar]] 
* [[Castillo, Álava|Castillo - Gaztelu]] 
* [[Ehari-Ali]]
* [[Elorriaga]] 
* [[Eskibel]]
* [[Estarrona]] 
* [[Foronda]]
* [[Gamarra Mayor|Gamarra Mayor - Gamarra Nagusia]] 
* [[Gamarra Menor|Gamarra Menor - Gamarra Gutxia]] 
* [[Gamiz, Álava|Gamiz]] 
* [[Gardelegi]] 
* [[Gobeo]] 
* [[Gometxa]]
* [[Guereña]]
* [[Hueto Abajo|Hueto Abajo - Otobarren]]
* [[Hueto Arriba|Hueto Arriba - Otogoien]] 
* [[Ilarratza]]
* [[Jungitu]]
* [[Krispiña|Krispiña - Crispijana]] 
* [[Lasarte, Álava|Lasarte]] 
* [[Legarda, Álava|Legarda]]
* [[Lermanda]]
* [[Lopidana]] 
* [[Lubiano]] 
* [[Margarita, Álava|Margarita]]
* [[Martioda]]
* [[Matauko]] 
* [[Mendiguren]] 
* [[Mendiola, Álava|Mendiola]]
* [[Mendoza (Álava)|Mendoza]] 
* [[Miñano Mayor|Miñano Mayor - Miñao]] 
* [[Miñano Menor|Miñano Menor - Miñao Gutxia]] 
* [[Monasterioguren]] 
* [[Oreitia]] 
* [[Otazu, Álava|Otazu]]
* [[Retana]]
* [[Subijana de Álava|Subijana de Álava - Subillana-Gasteiz]] 
* [[Ullíbarri Arrazua]] 
* [[Ullibarri de los Olleros|Ullibarri de los Olleros - Uribarri Nagusia]]
* [[Ullibarri-Viña|Ullibarri-Viña - Uribarri-Dibiña]]
* [[Villafranca, Álava|Villafranca]]
* [[Yurre (Álava)|Yurre-Ihurre]]
* [[Zerio]] 
* [[Zuazo de Vitoria|Zuazo de Vitoria - Zuhatzu]]
* [[Zumeltzu]]
{{div col end}}

== Politics ==
{{update section|date=July 2024}}

In 2019, [[Gorka Urturan]] ([[Basque Nationalist Party|EAJ-PNV]]), was re-elected to a four-year term as Mayor in coalition with the [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]]. The current municipal council composition is as follows:

* EAJ-PNV - 7
* PSOE - 6
* [[EH Bildu]] - 6
* [[People's Party of the Basque Country|People's Party]] - 5
* [[Unidas Podemos]] - 3<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sitio web del Ayuntamiento de Vitoria-Gasteiz - El Pleno - Ayuntamiento de Vitoria-Gasteiz |url=https://www.vitoria-gasteiz.org/wb021/was/contenidoAction.do?idioma=es&uid=b92259d_117e94b7b41__7ffb |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=www.vitoria-gasteiz.org}}</ref>

== Attractions ==
[[File:Vitoria - Plaza Virgen Blanca 01.jpg|thumb|[[Church of San Miguel (Vitoria)|San Miguel Arcangel Church]] and the Virgen Blanca Square]]
[[File:Vitoria_-_Museo_de_Bellas_Artes_01.jpg|thumb|[[Museo de Bellas Artes de Álava|Museum of Fine Arts of Alava]]]]
* [[Cathedral of Santa María de Vitoria|Cathedral of Santa Maria]] (Old Cathedral), a 14th-century Gothic building with a 17th-century tower. Under the pórtico are three open doorways decorated with statues and reliefs. In the interior, chapels containing Gothic, Flemish and Italian Renaissance images including paintings by [[Peter Paul Rubens|Rubens]] and [[Anthony van Dyck|van Dyck]]. The cathedral is undergoing restoration and has been studied by experts from around the world for its architectural curiosities, including those deformations which it has suffered due to previous restorations.
*[[Cathedral of María Inmaculada of Vitoria]] (New Cathedral), built and consecrated in the 20th century, in [[Gothic revival]] style.
*''[[Plaza de la Virgen Blanca|Andre Maria Zuriaren plaza/Plaza de la Virgen Blanca]]''. It is a square to which converge some of the most typical streets of the old town and the 19th-century city expansion and is surrounded by old houses with glass verandas. At its center stands a monument commemorating the Battle of Vitoria.
*Diocesan Museum of Sacred Art of Álava, located in Cathedral of María Inmaculada ambulatory, houses samples of religious art heritage of the province, divided into sections of stone carving, wood carving, painting on wood, paint on canvas, jewelry and furniture liturgical.
*[[Church of San Pedro Apóstol (Vitoria)|Church of St. Peter the Apostle]] (14th century) in Gothic style. The ''Old Portico'', with a set of reliefs depicting scenes from the lives of St. Peter and the Virgin Mary, run under the pictures of the Virgin and the apostles.
* [[Church of San Miguel (Vitoria)|Church of St. Michael the Archangel]] (14th–16th centuries), in Gothic-Renaissance style. Its portico has an image of the Virgen Blanca, patron saint of the city. Inside is an altarpiece by [[Gregorio Fernández]].
*[[Church of San Vicente Mártir (Vitoria)|Church of San Vicente Mártir]]. A late Gothic building from the 15th and 16th centuries.
*Church of the Carmen. A neoclassical temple built between 1897 and 1900.
*[[Armentia#Basilica of San Prudencio|Basilica of ''San Prudencio'']]. Its original construction dates to the 12th century, but it was rebuilt in the 18th century. The temple houses sculptural samples from different eras and artists.
*[[Sanctuary of Nuestra Señora de Estíbaliz|Sanctuary of Nuestra Señora of Estibaliz]]. Located in the town of Argandoña, {{convert|8|km|0|abbr=off}} from Vitoria-Gasteiz, it dates to the 11th century.
*''Convent of Saint Anthony''. A Clares nunnery from the 17th century.
* Convent of Santa Cruz. Dominican nunnery from the 17th century.
* Former hospice (16th–17th centuries), originally the ''Colegio de San Prudencio''.
*''Old Portico'', Church of San Pedro.
*''[[House of Cordón (Vitoria)|Casa del Cordón]]'', an example of civil Gothic architecture. It was built in the 15th century, but has kept a tower from the 13th century. The [[Catholic Monarchs]] stayed here, and [[Pope Adrian VI|Adrian VI]] was named Pope while residing here.
*[[Artium Museum|Basque Museum of Contemporary Art (Artium)]]. Its permanent collection is considered one of the best and most important contemporary art in Basque and Spanish. It was inaugurated on April 26, 2002.
*Museum of Natural Sciences, located in the Tower of ''Otxanda Andrea'', an example of medieval architecture. It is also a center for research and dissemination of Natural Sciences.
*Museum of Archaeology, located in a house of wood lattice from the 16th century. The exhibition includes [[dolmen]]s, Roman sculptures found in Álava, and medieval pieces.
*[[Museum of Fournier de Naipes|Fournier Museum of Playing Cards]], in the Bendaña palace. Vitoria-Gasteiz is known for the manufacture of [[playing cards]]. More than 6,000 cards are displayed in the museum.
*[[Museo de Bellas Artes de Álava|Museum of Fine Arts]], housed in a [[Renaissance]] mansion. It displays 14th-century carvings, Flemish 16th-century triptychs, panels of Spanish masters such as [[Jusepe de Ribera]] and modern Spanish paintings.
*Arms Museum of Álava is home to weapons from various ages, from prehistoric axes to 20th-century handguns. There is a large collection of medieval weaponry and reconstruction of the [[Battle of Vitoria]].
*Montehermoso Cultural Center, housed in restored 16th-century buildings, formerly headquarters of the Diocese of Vitoria. In 1997, with the annexation of the former water tank, the property became the Montehermoso Cultural Center, designed as a space for art exhibitions and musical performances.
*[[Nueva Square (Vitoria)|Plaza de España or Plaza Nueva]]. A large arcaded plaza designed by the architect Antonio de Olaguibel in 1781 and designed to unite the old town with the new Story, then under construction.
* [[Plaza de los Fueros]]. A triangular square used as a market and for other entertainment activities. It was designed by [[Eduardo Chillida]].
* [[Los Arquillos|The ''Arkupe/Arquillos'']]. This road was built with porticoes between the 18th and 19th centuries.
*''[[Ajuria Enea]]'', the seat of President of the Basque Government (''Lehendakari'') since 1980. It was built in 1918 as the main residence of the family of the local entrepreneur Serafin Ajuria, and it is a fine example of the Basque architecture of the period.
* [[Ataria]], an information and interpretation centre for the wetlands of [[Salburua]], an important nature park on the eastern edge of the city.
* [[Sequoia of Vitoria-Gasteiz]], a 40-metre tall tree dating back to 1860
* At the [[squatted]] neighbourhood of [[Errekaleor Bizirik]], there are murals by artists including [[Blu (artist)|Blu]].<ref name="Mural">{{cite news |title=Escif and Blu for Errekaleor Bizirik |url=https://www.juxtapoz.com/news/street-art/escif-and-blu-for-errekaleor-bizirik/ |access-date=16 October 2019 |work=Juxtapoz Magazine |date=30 August 2017 |archive-date=16 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616120805/https://www.juxtapoz.com/news/street-art/escif-and-blu-for-errekaleor-bizirik/}}</ref>
* Victims of Terrorism Memorial Centre, opened by the King and Queen of Spain on 1 June 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Inauguration of the Victims of Terrorism Memorial Centre in Vitoria |url=https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/lang/en/presidente/news/Paginas/2021/20210601memorial-centre.aspx |website=Government of Spain}}</ref>

== Economy and demographics ==
{{Historical populations|1842|9553|1857|18710|1877|26921|1887|28659|1900|32617|1910|34074|1920|35602|1930|40245|1940|47741|1950|48900|1960|68604|1970|132963|1981|189533|1991|206116|2001|216852|2011|240753|2021|252953|source=[[National Statistics Institute (Spain)|INE]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Changes in the municipalities in the population census since 1842|url=https://www.ine.es/intercensal/inicio.do|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Spain)|INE]]|language=es}}</ref>|align=right|cols=1}}The economy of Vitoria-Gasteiz is diverse, and many manufacturing companies and logistic centers have operations there, including [[Mercedes-Benz]], [[Michelin]], [[Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy|Gamesa]], and [[Naipes Heraclio Fournier|Heraclio Fournier]], the latter being headquartered there. The city is often ranked as one with the highest standard of living among all cities in Spain, and first as to green areas<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.abc.es/viajar/top/abci-diez-ciudades-espanolas-mas-superficie-verde-habitante-201905140128_noticia.html |title=Las diez ciudades españolas con más superficie verde por habitante |date=14 May 2019 |access-date=30 May 2022 |language=es}}</ref> and cultural places per capita.

== Culture ==
[[File:Vitoria - Banco Parque Florida 02.jpg|thumb|left|Sculpture of [[Wynton Marsalis]], the bench shows names of musicians who performed at the [[Vitoria-Gasteiz Jazz Festival]] over the years]]
[[File:Celedon.jpg|thumb|''Andre Maria Zuriaren jaiak'' festival]]

=== Music ===
Vitoria-Gasteiz hosts two annual international music festivals:
* The [http://www.vitoriamusic.com ''International Music Festival/Course Vitoria-Gasteiz''], from 16th to 20 August (the 2023 Edition)
* The ''[[Vitoria-Gasteiz jazz festival|Vitoria-Gasteiz Jazz Festival]]'', from 3 to 9 July (the 2023 Edition).
* The ''[[Azkena rock festival]]'', on 15 to 17 June (the 2023 Edition).
{{Further|topic=the rap music group|Kodigo Norte}}

=== Local festivities ===
The ''Andre Maria Zuriaren jaiak/Fiestas de la Virgen Blanca'' festival is celebrated every year from the 4th to the 9th of August in honour of the patron saint of the city, and features a programme of special events, activities and free open-air concerts.

[[San Prudencio's Festival|San Prudencio Festival]] is also celebrated in late April.

Each neighborhood has its festival, most of them between April and September.

=== Universities ===
The liberal arts section of the [[University of the Basque Country]] is based in the south part of the city. Focusing on history and linguistics, the Álava campus is also home of the Faculty of Pharmacy, as well as some other technical, teaching and business related degrees. Its origins date back to 1847 when the first ''Escuela Normal de Maestros de Álava'' was established. A number of other colleges and faculties were adopted in 1978 by the emerging [[University of the Basque Country]].

[[EUNEIZ|European University Gasteiz]], a private initiative with a focus on health and sport sciences and new technologies, opened in 2022 in the district of Salburua, after receiving official recognition from the [[Basque Parliament]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=López de Pariza |first1=Sara|url = https://www.elcorreo.com/alava/araba/proyecto-creacion-euneiz-universidad-baskonia-aprobada-ley-vitoria-20211111113833-nt.html | title = El Parlamento da el espaldarazo definitivo a la universidad Euneiz que abrirá en 2022 | newspaper = El Correo | date = 11 November 2021|language=es-ES| access-date = 17 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Rego|first1=María |url = https://www.elcorreo.com/alava/araba/universidad-vitoria-euneiz-arranca-primer-curso-20220914141952-nt.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F | title = Euneiz arranca en Vitoria con 110 alumnos y la intención de duplicar su oferta en un año | newspaper = El Correo | date = 14 September 2022|language=es-ES| access-date = 16 September 2022}}</ref>

==Transportation==
[[File:Vitoria - Estación RENFE 01.jpg|thumb|Railway station of Vitoria-Gasteiz]]
Public transport within the city consists of a [[city bus]] service operated by [[TUVISA]]<ref>{{cite web |title=TUVISA. Autobuses urbanos |url=https://www.vitoria-gasteiz.org/we001/was/we001Action.do?accionWe001=ficha&idioma=es&accion=cuadroMando&claveArea=1&claveTema=2 |website=Ayuntamiento de Vitoria-Gasteiz |access-date=23 April 2022 |language=es}}</ref> (10 lines) and a [[Vitoria-Gasteiz tram|tram network]] operated by [[Euskotren]] (2 lines sharing part of the way).<ref>{{cite news |title=El tranvía de Vitoria cumple 10 años con el 90% de los viajeros satisfechos |url=https://www.elcorreo.com/alava/araba/tranvia-vitoria-cumple-20181219112940-nt.html |access-date=17 May 2021 |work=El Correo |date=19 December 2018 |language=es}}</ref>

===Roads===
Vitoria-Gasteiz is well connected by road with the other Basque capitals and with [[Madrid]]. The [[N-622 road (Álava)|N-622 road]] connects with the [[Autopista AP-68|AP-68 motorway]] towards [[Bilbao]].<ref>{{cite news |title=El precoz temporal causa dos muertos y colapsa el tráfico |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2001/11/10/espana/1005346816_850215.html |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=El País |date=10 November 2001 |language=es}}</ref> The [[Autovía A-1|A-1 motorway]] from Madrid to [[San Sebastián]] serves Vitoria-Gasteiz. Since 2009, the tolled [[Autopista AP-1|AP-1 motorway]] has served as an alternative route towards San Sebastián and Burgos.<ref>{{cite news |title=La autopista Eibar-Vitoria se abrió ayer al tráfico tras una década de obras |url=https://hemeroteca.elcorreo.com/23/05/2009/2/fc2715c05c9d76e20f2e1edad5a59126.html?subedition=GUI |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=El Correo |date=23 May 2009 |language=es |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

===Railways===
[[Vitoria-Gasteiz railway station]] is one of the main stops on the [[Madrid–Hendaye railway]]. Half a dozen [[Alvia]] trains link the city each day with [[Madrid]], running partially on [[Madrid–León high-speed rail line|high-speed lines]] to reach Madrid in 3 hours 7 minutes.<ref>{{cite news |title=Vitoria recupera el Alvia a Madrid de primera hora |url=https://cadenaser.com/euskadi/2022/06/30/vitoria-recupera-el-alvia-a-madrid-de-primera-hora-ser-vitoria/ |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=Cadena SER |agency=EFE |date=30 June 2022 |language=es}}</ref> There are also connections to [[Barcelona]]. There is a complete lack of rail services to Andalusia{{citation needed|date=December 2022}} and no direct rail link with Bilbao.<ref>{{cite web |title=Infraestructuras de Transportes, Comunicaciones y Energía |url=https://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/informacion/dot_1997/es_def/adjuntos/html/punto13_c.html |website=euskadi.eus |publisher=Basque Government |access-date=31 December 2022 |language=es}}</ref>

The [[Basque Y]] high-speed rail network is planned to connect Vitoria-Gasteiz with the French border, [[San Sebastián]] and [[Bilbao]] within 35 minutes. However, work on this project has been slow and there is no date for its inaugural run.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gorospe|first1=Pedro|title=The Basque Y: the very slow tale of a very fast train|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/12/16/inenglish/1481896291_373992.html|access-date=16 January 2018|work=El Pais|date=21 December 2016}}</ref>

===Aviation===
[[Vitoria Airport]] is 4th in Spain in cargo traffic,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Recuero |first1=Marisa |title=Begoña Llarena, la primera mujer en dirigir un aeropuerto en España: "Mi día a día es darlo todo" |url=https://www.elmundo.es/papel/lideres/2020/03/09/5e62754421efa0f9028b45a2.html |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=El Mundo |date=9 March 2020 |language=es}}</ref> it also offers some domestic and international passenger destinations.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Echeazarra |first1=Saioa |title=Foronda ofrecerá más frecuencias en sus vuelos y nuevos chárter en 2023 |url=https://www.elcorreo.com/alava/araba/foronda-ofrecera-frecuencias-20221203132807-nt.html |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=El Correo |date=3 December 2022 |language=es}}</ref> [[Bilbao Airport]] is 50 minutes away by car, a direct bus line from Vitoria-Gasteiz will start operations in 2024.<ref>{{cite news |last1=del Campo |first1=José Luis |title=Vitoria soporta al año el paso de más de 20.000 autobuses interurbanos |url=https://www.noticiasdealava.eus/gasteiz/2022/12/22/vitoria-soporta-ano-paso-20-6310046.html |access-date=31 December 2022 |work=Noticias de Álava |date=22 December 2022 |language=es}}</ref>

==Urbanism==
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2022}}
[[File:Vitoria - Calle San Francisco 01.jpg|thumb|Streets in Vitoria-Gasteiz]]
[[File:Vitoria 05 2012 Anillo Verde 1922.JPG|thumb|Salburua]]

From an urban point of view, Vitoria-Gasteiz is a mid-sized city, the line of which is adapted to the traditions of each historical moment. The medieval town is set in almond-shape around the hill foundation, which by its privileged position as the only elevation in the plain of Álava, became a defensive stronghold coveted by the kingdoms of Navarre and Castilla during the 11th and 12th centuries. The walled enclosure was built prior to the war between Castile and Navarre in the 11th century to defend the village. The defensive walls of old Gasteiz were built between the years 1050 and 1100. Because of that first defensive role, its narrow streets surrounding the oval resulted in compact rows of houses parallel both to each other and the medieval walls (of which only some sections and gates are preserved). Between the years 1854 and 1856, an epidemic of cholera served as the excuse for tearing down the gates, fortresses which provided access to the streets Run (fort of Nanclares), Shoe (fort of Soto) and Blacksmith (fort of Abendaño) and which served to protect every neighbourhood association. The entrance of the current ''Plaza de la Virgen Blanca'' was the site of Santa Clara, which was joined by the wall at the Convent of San Antonio. In the 19th century, in recognition that the city was small, an expansion was planned in the neoclassical style, and little by little planning for the city has given Vitoria-Gasteiz its current form.

The Old Quarter (''Alde Zaharra''/''Casco Viejo''), has many architectural jewels such as Bendaña Palace, the Fournier Museum of cards (erected in 1525 by Juan Lopez de Arrieta, on the site occupied before by the defensive tower built by Maeztu). The Ezkoriatza-Eskibel Palace, built by Claudio de Arciniega in the 15th century. The Villa Suso, where Martin Salinas, ambassador of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]] dwelt (16th century). And the greatest historical treasure of Vitoria-Gasteiz: the Cathedral of Santa Maria (Old Cathedral).

The history of the Cathedral of Santa María (commonly known as ''Old Cathedral''), is itself a synthesis of the history of Vitoria-Gasteiz. Built on the cemetery of the primitive village of Gasteiz (which today can be accessed through the excavations), the church of Santa María collapsed with the fire of 1202 and [[Alfonso VIII of Castile]] (who had conquered the city just 2 years earlier), ordered that it be rebuilt on the site of a former church. It was now to serve two very different purposes: regular religious services and weapon storage. Thus was born the Cathedral of Santa Maria, a fortress-like church that served as the entrance to the city. The project changed with the centuries, so that each modification was made without taking into account the previous. This was the case in the 15th century (when the church became collegiate), and finally in the 1960s, when it was decided to reverse the previous works of strengthening of the external walls and widen the windows, made purely for aesthetic reasons, which had severely damaged the stability of the building. Today, the cathedral is open again, and offers visitors guided trips exposing the recent archaeological findings. It has become one of the main attractions of Vitoria-Gasteiz. Ken Follett, author of "The Pillars of the Earth", said after his stay in the city that Santa Maria was one of the three most interesting cathedrals of the world.{{citation needed|date=November 2008}}

From the Middle Ages to the 18th century, the population of Vitoria-Gasteiz and the layout of its streets remained almost unchanged. And it was not until the late 18th century, when growth required the expansion of the city outside. To solve the problem of the difference in height between the original kernel on the hill, and the plain below, the arches were erected and the Plaza De España or Plaza Nueva was built, which soften the transition from the old city to the 19th century neoclassical expansion of wide streets and gardens, the greatest examples of which are seen in the [[La Florida (park)|''La Florida'' Park]], and the ''Andre Maria Zuriaren Enparantza/Plaza de la Virgen Blanca'', with its façade pulled viewpoints.

Finally, the new quarters of Vitoria-Gasteiz were built, in accordance with a development plan favouring parks, recreation areas and quality of life. While aiming to maintain the identity of the city, and drawing on the district of San Martín, the need to accommodate the growing population has led the city to concentrate its growth in the new neighbourhoods of Lakua, Salburua and Zabalgan. The city of Vitoria-Gasteiz has received several international awards for its urban development. Also worth mentioning is the green ring, a network of parks and green spaces around the city, destined to be the lung of the future Vitoria-Gasteiz, and link the city with the countryside. This ring is formed of the parks Salburua, Zabalgana, Armentia, Alegria river, Gamarra, [[Abetxuko]] and Atxa-Landaberde.

== Sports ==
*[[Deportivo Alavés]], [[association football|football]] team that won promotion to [[La Liga]] for the 2016–17 season after finishing first in [[Segunda División]] in the previous season but returned to 2nd division in the season 2021–2022 after finishing in last position (20th). Their home matches are played in the [[Mendizorrotza Stadium]], with training facilities at the [[Ciudad Deportiva José Luis Compañón]] (Ibaia) on the edge of town. It also has a women's team which plays in the first division and the home matches are played at Ibaia. Other local teams play at the [[Betoño Sports Complex]] near the city centre, while [[CD Aurrerá de Vitoria|Aurrerá]] and [[CD Vitoria]] are based at Olaranbe, another development on the periphery.
*[[Saski Baskonia|Baskonia]], one of the most successful [[basketball]] teams in the top professional Spanish division [[Liga ACB|Liga Endesa]] with 4 league titles, winning their most recent one in 2020, also competes in the top professional European basketball division [[EuroLeague|Turkish Airlines EuroLeague]], finishing fourth in 2015–16. Home matches are played in the [[Fernando Buesa Arena]].
*[[Araski AES|Araski]], women's basketball team playing in the top professional Spanish league [[Liga Femenina de Baloncesto|Liga Femenina Endesa]]. Home matches are played in the Polideportivo Mendizorrotza.

Each year the city hosts an Ironman triathlon, 'Ironman Vitoria-Gasteiz'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ironman.com/im-vitoria|title = Ironman}}</ref>  
The 2024 event was an Ironman Pro-Series event in which the Ironman world champion, Sam Laidlow, competed but was disqualified, having failed to serve a drafting penalty.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://triathlonmagazine.ca/news/despite-dq-sam-laidlow-given-validation-at-ironman-vitoria-gasteiz-so-he-can-race-in-kona/|title = Triathlon Magazine |date = 15 July 2024 }}</ref> The mens race was won by Antonio Benito Lopez, of Spain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://proseries.ironman.com/races/im-vitoria/results#4257225834-1284384263|title = Official results| date=18 August 2024 }}</ref> The women's race was won by Kat Matthews, of the UK.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://proseries.ironman.com/races/im-vitoria/results#4257225834-514456757|title = Official results| date=18 August 2024 }}</ref>

== Green Capital ==
[[File:Lago de Olárizu 01.jpg|thumb|Olarizu, part of Vitoria-Gasteiz's green belt]]
{{See also|Green Belt of Vitoria-Gasteiz}}
Vitoria-Gasteiz held the title of [[European Green Capital Award|European Green Capital]] in 2012 due to the high proportion of green public areas, ensuring that the entire population lives within 300m of an open green space, its biodiversity and ecosystems services, as well as for the city's green policies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/europeangreencapital/winning-cities/2012-vitoria-gasteiz/|title=European Green Capital}}</ref>

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Spain}}

Vitoria-Gasteiz is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Vitoria se hermana con la Capital colombiana de la música|url=https://www.gasteizhoy.com/vitoria-se-hermana-con-la-capital-americana-de-la-musica/|website=gasteizhoy.com|publisher=Gasteiz Hoy|language=es|date=2013-05-31|access-date=2020-02-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=El octavo hermanamiento|url=https://www.noticiasdealava.eus/araba/2014/04/17/octavo-hermanamiento/238976.html|website=noticiasdealava|publisher=Noticias de Álava|language=es|date=2014-04-17|access-date=2021-12-21}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Anaheim, California|Anaheim]], United States
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Angoulême]], France
*{{flagicon|PAR}} [[Asunción]], Paraguay
*{{flagicon|EQG}} [[Cogo, Equatorial Guinea|Cogo]], Equatorial Guinea
*{{flagicon|ESH}} [[La Güera]], Western Sahara
*{{flagicon|COL}} [[Ibagué]], Colombia
<!--Kutaisi - twinning ended-->
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Victoria, Texas|Victoria]], United States
*{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Vitória, Espírito Santo|Vitória]], Brazil
{{div col end}}

==Notable people==
*[[Ignacio María de Álava]] (1750–1817), naval officer and explorer, captain general of the Spanish Navy
*[[Miguel Ricardo de Álava]] (1770–1843), general and statesman who participated in the battles of [[Battle of Trafalgar|Trafalgar]] and [[Battle of Waterloo|Waterloo]]
*[[Igor López de Munain]] (1983/1984–2022), member of the [[Basque Parliament]]
*[[Isabel de Urquiola]] (1854–1911), explorer
*[[Ramiro de Maeztu]] (1875–1936), political theorist and journalist
*[[Ignacio Hidalgo de Cisneros]] (1896–1966), aviator, commander of the Republican air force during the Spanish Civil War
*[[Txema Blasco]] (1941–2024), film and television actor
*[[Lourdes Oñederra]] (1958), Basque linguist, professor and writer
*[[Martín Fiz]] (1963), world marathon champion 1995
*[[Karmele Jaio]] (born 1970), writer and journalist
*[[Iker Jiménez]] (1973), journalist
*[[Miren Ortubay Fuentes]] (born 1958), lawyer, criminologist, professor
*Eneko Pou (1974), free soloer.
*Iker Pou (1977), free soloer.
*[[Edu Roldán]] (1977), retired footballer
*[[Tania Lamarca]] (1980), rhythmic gymnast, Olympic champion with the Spanish group at the [[1996 Summer Olympics]] in Atlanta, and two times world champion
*[[Estíbaliz Martínez]] (1980), rhythmic gymnast, Olympic champion with the Spanish group at the [[1996 Summer Olympics]] in Atlanta, and two times world champion
*[[Michael Marder]] (1980), philosopher
*[[Almudena Cid]] (1980), rhythmic gymnast now retired, eight-time national champion; participated in four Olympic finals at [[Atlanta 1996]], [[Sydney 2000]], [[Athens 2004]] and [[Beijing 2008]], also took part in 9 world championships and 12 European championships
*[[Lorena Guréndez]] (1981), rhythmic gymnast, Olympic champion with the Spanish group at the [[1996 Summer Olympics]] in Atlanta, and two times world champion.
*[[Unai Simón]] (1997), [[Association football|footballer]] who plays as a [[Goalkeeper (association football)|goalkeeper]] for [[La Liga]] club [[Athletic Bilbao]] and the [[Spain national football team|Spain national team]].

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Commons-inline|Vitoria-Gasteiz}}
* {{wikivoyage inline|Vitoria-Gasteiz}}
* [http://www.vitoria-gasteiz.org/ Official web site of Vitoria-Gasteiz]
* [http://www.vitoria-gasteiz.org/we001/was/we001Action.do?idioma=en&accionWe001=ficha&accion=turismo Website of the Vitoria-Gasteiz City Council - Tourism]
* [http://www.euskomedia.org/aunamendi/129410 Vitoria-Gasteiz in the Auñamendi Basque Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa)]

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