Editing Viasa

{{Short description|Defunct national airline of Venezuela (1960–1997)}}
{{for|The Spanish Jeep manufacturer|Vehículos Industriales y Agrícolas, S.A}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox airline
| airline          = Viasa
| logo             = Viasa logo.png
| alt              = 
| IATA             = VA
| ICAO             = VIA
| callsign         = VIASA
| founded          = {{start date|1960|11|21}}
| commenced        = 
| ceased           = {{end date|1997|01|23}}
| aoc              = 
| bases            = 
| hubs             = {{nowrap|[[Simón Bolívar International Airport (Venezuela)|Simón Bolívar International Airport]]}}
| secondary_hubs   = 
| focus_cities     = 
| frequent_flyer   = 
| lounge           = 
| alliance         = 
| subsidiaries     = 
| fleet_size       = 
| destinations     = 
| company_slogan   = 
| parent           = 
| headquarters     = [[Caracas]], [[Venezuela]]
| key_people       = {{ubl|Manuel Mejia <br /><small>([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])</small>|Elias D. Lopez <br /><small>([[President (corporate title)|President]] & Founder)</small>
}}
| website          = 
}}

'''Venezolana Internacional de Aviación Sociedad Anónima''' ({{langx|en|Venezuelan International Airways [[Joint-stock company|JSC]]}}), or '''VIASA''' for short, was the [[Venezuela]]n [[flag carrier]] airline between 1960 and 1997.<ref name="No flag in its future"/> It was headquartered in the Torre Viasa in [[Caracas]].<ref>"World Airline Directory." ''Flight International''. 30 March 1985. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%200990.html 130]." Retrieved on 17 June 2009. "Head Office: Torre Viasa, Avenida Sur 25, Plaza Morelos, Caracas 105, Venezuela"</ref><ref>"World Airline Directory." ''Flight International''. 26 March 1988. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200813.html?search=%22Virgin%20Atlantic%22 125].</ref> Launched in {{Start date|df=yes|1960|11}},<ref>{{cite news|title= La historia de Viasa en 90 años de la aeronaútica civil en Venezuela|newspaper= El Estímulo|date= 10 January 2018|url= https://elestimulo.com/la-historia-de-viasa-o-como-venezuela-dejo-de-ser-el-hub-de-las-americas/|language = es|access-date= 5 September 2020}}</ref> it was [[Nationalization|nationalised]] in 1975 due to financial problems, and re-[[privatised]] in 1991, with the major stake going to [[Iberia (airline)|Iberia]]. The company ceased operations in {{End date|df=yes|1997|1}}, and went into [[liquidation]].

==History==

===Early years===
[[File:Viasa DC-8-53 PH-DCH FRA 1965-8-2.png|thumb|A Netherlands-[[Aircraft registration|register]]ed Douglas DC-8-53 in VIASA [[Aircraft livery|livery]]. (1965)]]
[[File:Viasa DC-10-30 PH-DTH ZRH Jun 1978.png|thumb|A Netherlands-registered [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]] at [[Zürich Airport]] in VIASA livery with additional [[KLM]] titles, in 1978. The aircraft was leased from KLM.]]
Viasa was envisioned by the [[government of Venezuela]] in 1959 to create a new company that could serve as the country's [[flag carrier]] and run without government [[Interventionism (politics)|intervention]]. It was set up in 1960 when the international routes operated by [[Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela|Línea Aeropostal Venezolana]] (LAV) and [[Avensa]] were merged and taken over by the newly created [[Air carrier|carrier]].<ref name="FI1961-419"/><ref name="Flight1960-933"/> The government contributed with 55% of the capital, while private investors – among which were LAV and Avensa, the latter owned by Grupo Boulton and [[Pan American World Airways]]—contributed with the remainder.<ref name="FI1961-419"/> The board of directors came entirely from the private sector.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}} The first president of the airline was Mr. R. van den Branden;<ref name="FI1961-419"/> the first [[chairman of the board]] was Mr. Oscar Augusto Machado Zuloaga, a very competent and well liked gentleman, who was instrumental in Viasa's commercial success and immediate acceptance by the market.

In early 1961, the airline signed an agreement with [[KLM]] to operate a [[Douglas DC-8]] on Viasa's behalf, aimed at starting operations to Europe in April that year;<ref name="FI1961-419"/><ref name="Flight1961-226"/> KLM maintained a nurturing relationship with Viasa for another 24 years. In the same year, Avensa transferred two [[Douglas DC-6B]]s to the company, as well as an order for a [[Convair 880|Convair 880-22M]].<ref name="Flight1961-483"/> Viasa boosted their Convair 880 order by purchasing another one. The airline flew the type mostly on routes to North America.<ref name="FI1963-134"/><ref name="Flight1961-512"/><ref name="Flight1961-385" /> Also in 1961, the airline joined the [[International Air Transport Association]], becoming its 89th member.<ref name="Flight1961-725" /> In 1963, Viasa started a commercial agreement with [[Iberia Airlines|Iberia]] and [[KLM]] for operations through the mid-[[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]].<ref name="FI1963-493" /> The same year, a third Convair 880 was ordered.<ref name="FI1963-134"/> Until the first [[DC-8#DC-8 Series 50|DC-8-50]] the company had ordered in early 1965 was delivered, long-haul services using the type were provided with [[wet-lease]]d aircraft from KLM.<ref name="FI1965-6" /> The type was also chartered from KLM for deployment on the [[Caribbean]] routes.<ref name="FI1963-938" /> By {{Start date|df=yes|1966|4}}, the first DC-8-50 was already forming part of the company's fleet along with the three Convair 880s, while an additional DC-8-50 was on order.<ref>{{cite journal|title= WORLD AIRLINE SURVEY... – Venezolana Internacional de Aviacion SA (VIASA)|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 14 April 1966|pages= 639|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1966/1966%20-%201096.html|access-date= 8 December 2011}}</ref> To complement these two DC-8-50s, the carrier ordered two [[Douglas DC-8-63]]s in early 1967.<ref>{{cite journal|title= DC-8-63s for VIASA|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 9 February 1967|pages= 193|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%200199.html|access-date= 8 December 2011|quote= Two DC-8-63s, the capacity and range-stretched variant in the 60 series, have been ordered by VIASA, of Venezuela. Deliveries are scheduled for late 1968 and early 1969. VIASA already has two DC-8-50s in operation.}}</ref> Two Convair 880s were sold to [[Cathay Pacific]] in mid-1967.<ref>{{cite journal|title= MARKET MOVEMENTS|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 1 June 1967|pages= 885|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%200907.html|access-date= 8 December 2011|quote= Cathay Pacific has bought VIASA's two Convair 880s to bring its fleet of this type to six.}}</ref> Also in 1967, Viasa started up a [[Panama]]nian airline named ''Panameña Internacional de Aviación SA'' (PAISA), with KLM support; This company began operations on 3 May 1967 with two [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9#Series 10|DC-9-10]]s leased to VIASA from Avensa, which were in turn sub-leased to PAISA.<ref>{{cite journal|title= WORLD AIRLINE SURVEY... – Panameña de Aviación Internacional SA (PAISA)|date= 10 April 1969|journal= [[Flight International]]|pages= 586|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1969/1969%20-%200658.html|access-date= 8 December 2011}}</ref> In 1968, VIASA set up a wholly owned, non-IATA member, national cargo airline named ''Transportes Aereos de Carga SA'', more commonly known as ''Transcarga'', which in its beginnings served Caracas, Curaçao, Maracaibo, Miami and New York.<ref>{{cite journal|title= World Airlines – Transportes Aereos de Carga SA (Transcarga)|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 6 May 1971|pages= 649|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1971/1971%20-%200736.html|access-date= 4 January 2012}}</ref>

[[File:VIASA Boeing 747-200 Groves.jpg|thumb|left|VIASA leased this Boeing 747-200B from KLM in 1972. The aircraft wore a mixed [[livery]] during the lease agreement, with the port side in KLM colours and its starboard with a VIASA decor.<ref name="FI1972-284"/><ref name="Viasa's wide bodies"/>]]
In March 1970, the Government of Venezuela had a majority stake (55%) in the carrier, while the balance was held by private investors.<ref name="FI1970" />{{Rp|508}} Viasa's fleet strength at this time was eight: two DC-8-63s, two DC-8-50s, a DC-8-50F, a Convair 880, and two DC-9-10s.<ref name="FI1970" />{{rp|509}} In {{Start date|df=yes|1971|11}} Viasa renewed the pool agreement with KLM and Iberia on their Caribbean–Europe services;<ref>{{cite journal|title= World Airline Survey – VIASA (Venezolana Internacional de Aviacion SA)|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 22 March 1973|pages= 477–478|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1973/1973%20-%200791.html|access-date= 5 January 2012}}</ref> to this purpose the company signed another agreement with the Dutch company in 1972, this time for the lease of a [[Boeing 747-200B]] that was put on service on a weekly round-trip Caracas–[[Madrid]]–Paris flight in {{Start date|df=yes|1972|4}}.<ref name="Viasa's wide bodies" /> This event was a milestone for Viasa, as it became the first South American carrier to operate wide-body aircraft across the Atlantic.<ref name="Viasa's wide bodies"/> Through KLM, the company also placed an order for two [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]]s the same year, and bought two [[Douglas DC-8#Series 30|Douglas DC-8-33]]s from the Dutch carrier as well.<ref name="Viasa's wide bodies"/><ref>{{cite journal|title= Viasa Buys DC-10s|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 20 April 1972|pages= 516|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%200864.html|access-date= 4 January 2012|quote= The Venezuelan national carrier Viasa is to buy two McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30s, previously taken on option by KLM.}}</ref> Also in 1972, the route network saw the incorporation of [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] and [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada.<ref name="Viasa's wide bodies"/>

With the lease of a Douglas DC-8-50 from KLM in 1974, and the sale of two aircraft of the same type to [[Aeroperú]] the same year,<ref>{{cite journal|title= World airlines update – Aeroperú|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 17 October 1974|pages= 512|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1974/1974%20-%201652.html|access-date= 5 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title= World airlines update – Viasa|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 17 October 1974|pages= 516|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1974/1974%20-%201656.html|access-date= 5 January 2012}}</ref> by {{Start date|df=yes|1975|3}} the Viasa's fleet consisted of two DC-8-63s, one DC-8-50, two DC-8-30s, and one DC-10-30, while another DC-10-30 was yet to be delivered.<ref>{{cite journal|title= World airline directory – Viasa-Venezuelan International Airways|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 20 March 1975|pages= 509–510|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%200572.html|access-date= 5 January 2012}}</ref>{{rp|510}} At a cost of {{US$|30000000|1976|link=yes}}, another DC-10-30 was ordered in 1976, followed by an order for three more of these aircraft in {{Start date|df=yes|1977|7}}.<ref>{{cite journal|title= Airliner market|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 30 July 1977|pages= 310|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1977/1977%20-%202317.html|access-date= 6 January 2012|quote= Venezuelan flag carrier Viasa is doubling its McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 fleet with an order for three of the type.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title= Airliner market|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 5 June 1976|pages= 1481|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1976/1976%20-%200943.html|access-date= 6 January 2012|quote= Viasa of Venezuela has ordered a third McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 for delivery next April. Cost is $30 million.}}</ref>

In 1983, Viasa took delivery of two [[McDonnell Douglas MD-80|McDonnell Douglas DC-9 Super 80]]s.<ref name="FI1983-170"/> The early 1980s marked an overturn in the carrier's finances, as both the [[1980s oil glut|worldwide collapse of oil prices in the decade]] and the subsequent [[Venezuelan bolívar|devaluation of the bolivar since 1983]]{{#tag:ref|The Venezuelan bolívar (VEB) devaluated from VEB4½ to VEB32 a dollar in five years.<ref name="NickBrough" />{{rp|23}}|group="nb"}} affected the airline, which suffered a 41% drop in year-on-year traffic in 1983 and had accumulated a debt of [[Venezuelan bolívar|VEB]]210&nbsp;million in 1984, a year in which the carrier had a negative net value.<ref name="NickBrough"/>{{rp|22}} That year, the crisis forced the company's work force to be cut by 30%, the fleet to be reduced (partly because of noise restrictions within the United States), and some Caribbean destinations to be dropped.<ref name="NickBrough"/><ref name="FI1984-1382"/> Likewise, competition increased on some routes, most notably Miami and New York, where Viasa was the erstwhile sole operator or it had a single competitor at most.<ref name="NickBrough"/> Nevertheless, Viasa made an operating profit of VEB125&nbsp;million (US$4&nbsp;million) and a net profit of VEB97&nbsp;million in 1986.<ref name="NickBrough" />{{rp|22}} In early 1988, the fleet consisted of only five DC-10s, and two [[Airbus A300]]s acquired from [[Lufthansa]] through a leasing agreement, that were deployed mostly on domestic and regional routes.<ref name="NickBrough"/> A Caracas–[[Havana]] service was launched in 1989, along with a stopover in [[São Paulo]] on the Caracas–[[Rio de Janeiro]] route. In March 1990, Viasa's fleet consisted of two [[Airbus A300B4]]s, one [[DC-8-61HF]], and five [[DC-10-30]]s, and was wholly owned by the Venezuelan government. At this time, it served a network radiating from [[Barcelona, Venezuela|Barcelona]], Caracas, [[Maracaibo]] and [[Porlamar]] to [[Amsterdam]], [[Aruba]], [[Bogotá]], [[Buenos Aires]], [[Curaçao]], [[Frankfurt]], [[Houston]], [[Lima]], [[Lisbon]], [[London]], [[Madrid]], [[Miami]], [[Milan]], [[New York City|New York]], [[Porto]], [[Paris]], [[Quito]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Rome]], [[Santiago]], [[Santiago de Compostela]], [[Santo Domingo]], [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]] and [[Zurich]]. [[Toronto]] and [[Vancouver]] were served on a seasonal basis.<ref name="FI1990-137" />

<!-- In 1980 Viasa partly leased 747 freighters from Seaboard World, based in JFK, to operate freight flights from Miami and New York to Caracas. Later, a 747 freighter was dry leased from World Airways, based in Oakland California.
Also, temporarily, a passenger 747 was leased from World Airways to operate passenger flights during the high vacation season in July/August/September to operate to Orlando, FL. Viasa's crews used to refer to it as the "white whale" due to its totally white painted airframe
Upon the devaluation of the bolivar, in 1983, imports dropped precipitously, and Viasa ended the 747 freight operation. It was resumed in 1985 partially leasing another 747 freighter from Flying Tigers, based in Los Angeles. And it was maintanined until 1987 when it finally ended 747 operation forever.-->

===Nationalisation===
[[File:Viasa DC-10-30 YV-133C LHR 1982-5-29.png|thumb|A Viasa [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]] at [[Heathrow Airport]]. (1982)]]
Viasa had been a model of good management and it had returned a profit every year since its creation. Viasa posted its first ever loss for the October 1975 – September 1976 fiscal year, plagued by rising fuel costs and union problems. The government nationalised the airline and began its downturn. This was not noticeable at first, since Venezuela's strong economy was backed by high oil revenue and the government did not mind pumping in money to cover mounting losses.

By 1979, Viasa had built a fleet of 6 DC-10-30s, 2 DC-8-63s, 2 DC-8-53s and 1 DC-8-63F.

In the summer of 1982, Viasa leased a couple of MD-82s from KLM for Caribbean routes and for new flights from Barquisimeto, Barcelona and Porlamar to Miami. These were returned to KLM in 1984.

In 1985, Viasa got rid of all its DC-8s plus one DC-10-30 and kept just five DC-10-30s. It revamped its livery almost completely in 1986, adopting a whiter body with three-tone blue cheatlines under the windows. The orange tail retained the white Viasa letters adopted in 1978 with the arrival of DC-10-30 YV-135C.

Two former [[Lufthansa]] [[Airbus A300|Airbus A300-B4]] jets were leased from GPA in 1987 for United States and South American services. In the same year, for the first time ever, VIASA began domestic services and made use of empty seats on the Caracas-Maracaibo and Caracas-Porlamar routes.

===Privatisation===
[[File:Viasa DC-10-30 YV-134C CDG 1996-8-17.png|thumb|A VIASA McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 at [[Charles de Gaulle Airport]] in 1996. The aircraft is wearing the livery used by the company throughout the Iberia management.]]
The red ink continued to flow and, with the new government policies adopted in 1989, Viasa became a target for privatisation.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} The initial plans of the government were to allocate 60% of the company to private investors, keep 20% of the shares, and transfer the balance to the airline workers. In {{start date|df=yes|1991|6}}, Iberia and KLM were approved as bidders in the privatisation process, the former teaming up with Venezuela's [[BBVA Banco Provincial|Banco Provincial]], and the latter partnering with [[Northwest Airlines]] and other four local entities.<ref name="Venezuela Airline Drawing Bidders" /> Iberia was the only bidder left with a {{US$|145.5}}&nbsp;million offer, after KLM stepped aside citing that a price of {{US$|81}}&nbsp;million for 60% of the shares was too high.<ref>{{cite news|title= Iberia to Get Viasa Stake|agency= [[Reuters]]|newspaper= [[The New York Times]]|date= 10 August 1991|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/10/business/company-news-iberia-to-get-viasa-stake.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140410195616/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/10/business/company-news-iberia-to-get-viasa-stake.html|archive-date= 10 April 2014|access-date= 20 February 2017|url-status= live}}</ref>

Iberia apparently milked the airline (some Venezuelans point at this as one of Viasa's causes of bankruptcy). While it could be argued that it was not wise to sell a government owned leasing company to another government owned leasing company, changing the old ways of Viasa was an uphill battle. 
All its aircraft were placed under Iberia's ownership, the Airbuses were sent back to GPA, former Iberia 727s were used by Viasa (competing on the US routes versus [[American Airlines|American]]'s [[Boeing 757|757s]] or A300-600s and [[United Airlines|United]]'s 757s) and all supplies were purchased centrally through Madrid.

Short of liquidity, Viasa ceased operations on {{end date|1997|1|23|df=yes}}.<ref name="Viasa future looks bleak" /><ref name="AB25: Births, deaths and marriages" /><ref name="'Amicable' Viasa liquidation agreed"/> Operations came to a halt following the pilots and cabin crew staff rejecting a restructuring plan raised by Iberia and the state-run holding company that had a 40% interest in Viasa at that time, with both consortiums refusing to inject more cash into the airline.<ref name="Viasa future looks bleak" /> Shareholders, with Iberia being the major one having 45% of the stakes at the time, later decided to liquidate the carrier.<ref name="'Amicable' Viasa liquidation agreed" /><ref name="Viasa wreckage"/> Viasa's routes were divided between [[Aeropostal]], [[Avensa]] and [[Aserca]].<ref name="Viasa routes reallocated" />

==Destinations==
[[File:Viasa DC-10 YV-138C FCO Nov 1987.png|thumb|A VIASA [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]] at [[Fiumicino Airport]], Rome, Italy in 1987.]]
Following is a list of destinations Viasa flew to as part of its scheduled destinations.

{|class="wikitable sortable toccolours"
|-
!Country
!City
!Airport
!class="unsortable"|Ref(s)
|-
|[[Argentina]]||[[Buenos Aires]]||[[Ministro Pistarini International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Aruba]]||[[Oranjestad, Aruba|Oranjestad]]||[[Queen Beatrix International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Barbados]]||[[Bridgetown]]||[[Grantley Adams International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-5.jpg"/>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Brazil]]||[[Rio de Janeiro]]||[[Rio de Janeiro/Galeão International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1995"/>
|-
|[[São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Canada]]||[[Toronto]]||[[Toronto Pearson International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="Viasa's wide bodies"/>
|-
|[[Vancouver]]||[[Vancouver International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990-137"/>
|-
|[[Chile]]||[[Santiago]]||[[Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Colombia]]||[[Bogotá]]||[[El Dorado International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997">{{cite journal|title= World Airline Directory – Viasa Venezuelan International Airways|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 19–25 March 1997|pages= 91|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1997/1997%20-%200747.html|access-date= 21 November 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]]||[[Rafael Núñez International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Costa Rica]]||[[San Jose, Costa Rica|San Jose]]||[[Juan Santamaría International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Cuba]]||[[Havana]]||[[José Martí International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Curaçao]]||[[Willemstad, Curaçao|Willemstad]]||[[Hato International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-5.jpg"/>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Dominican Republic]]||[[Punta Cana]]||[[Punta Cana International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Santo Domingo]]||[[Las Américas International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Ecuador]]||[[Quito]]||[[Old Mariscal Sucre International Airport|Mariscal Sucre International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[France]]||[[Paris]]||[[Orly Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-3.jpg">{{cite web|url= http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/va/va71/va7106-3.jpg|title= Viasa Timetable (Effective 1 June 1971{{spaced ndash}}31 July 1971){{mdash}}South America to Europe|publisher= Airline Timetable Images|access-date= 21 November 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Pointe-à-Pitre]]||[[Pointe-à-Pitre International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-5.jpg"/>
|-
|[[Germany]]||[[Frankfurt]]||[[Frankfurt Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Italy]]||[[Milan]]||[[Milan Malpensa Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-3.jpg"/><ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Rome]]||[[Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Mexico]]||[[Cancún]]||[[Cancún International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Mexico City]]||[[Mexico City International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1973"/>{{rp|478}}
|-
|[[Netherlands]]||[[Amsterdam]]||[[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1995"/>
|-
|[[Panama]]||[[Panama City, Panama|Panama City]]||[[Tocumen International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-5.jpg"/>
|-
|[[Peru]]||[[Lima]]||[[Jorge Chávez International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|rowspan=3|[[Portugal]]||[[Lisbon]]||[[Lisbon Portela Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Porto]]||[[Francisco de Sá Carneiro Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Santa Maria Island (Azores)|Santa Maria]]||[[Santa Maria Airport (Azores)|Santa Maria Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va61-3.jpg">{{cite web|title= Viasa Summer time table(Effective 1 July 1961){{spaced ndash}}South America to Europe|url= http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/va/va61/va61-3.jpg|publisher= Airline Timetable Images|access-date= 21 November 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Puerto Rico]]||[[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]||[[Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1995"/>
|-
|[[Sint Maarten]]||[[Philipsburg, Sint Maarten|Philipsburg]]||[[Princess Juliana International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Spain]]||[[Madrid]]||[[Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Santiago de Compostela]]||[[Santiago–Rosalía de Castro Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Switzerland]]||[[Zurich]]||[[Zurich Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Trinidad and Tobago]]||[[Port of Spain]]||[[Piarco International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-5.jpg"/>
|-
|[[United Kingdom]]||[[London]]||[[Heathrow Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-3.jpg"/><ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|rowspan=4|[[United States of America]]||[[Houston]]||[[George Bush Intercontinental Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1995"/>
|-
|[[Miami]]||[[Miami International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[New York City]]||[[John F. Kennedy International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="va7106-5.jpg">{{cite web|title= (Effective 1 June 1971{{spaced ndash}}31 July 1971){{mdash}}Venezuela / Latin America & USA|url= http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/va/va71/va7106-5.jpg|publisher= Airline Timetable Images|access-date= 21 November 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Washington, D.C.]]||[[Washington Dulles International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="Viasa's wide bodies"/>
|-
|rowspan=5|[[Venezuela]]||[[Barcelona, Anzoátegui|Barcelona]]||[[General José Antonio Anzoátegui International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1995">{{cite journal|title= World Airline Directory – VIASA VENEZUELAN INTERNATIONAL AIRWAYS (VENEZOLANA INTERNATIONAL DE AVIACION)|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 22–28 March 1995|pages= 92|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1995/1995%20-%200777.html|access-date= 21 November 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Barquisimeto]]||[[Jacinto Lara International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1973">{{cite journal|title= World Airline Survey – VIASA (Venezolana Internacional de Aviacion SA)|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 22 March 1973|pages= 477{{spaced ndash}}478|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1973/1973%20-%200791.html|access-date= 5 January 2012}}</ref>{{rp|477}}
|-
|[[Caracas]]||[[Simón Bolívar International Airport (Venezuela)|Simón Bolívar International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|-
|[[Maracaibo]]||[[La Chinita International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1995"/>
|-
|[[Porlamar]]||[[Del Caribe "Santiago Mariño" International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1997"/>
|}

==Fleet==
[[File:Douglas DC-9-14 YV-C-AVR Viasa MIA 08.02.71 edited-2.jpg|thumb|right|Viasa Douglas DC-9-14 operating a scheduled service at Miami International Airport in 1971]]
[[File:Viasa A300B4-200 YV-160C MIA 1993-12-10.png|thumb|A VIASA [[Airbus A300B4-200]] at [[Miami International Airport]]. (1993)]]
Viasa previously operated the following aircraft:<ref>{{cite web|title= SubFleets for: VIASA Venezuelan International Airways|work= AeroTransport Data Bank|url= http://www.aerotransport.org/php/go.php?query=operator&qstring=VIASA+Venezuelan+International+Airways&where=1364&luck=|access-date= 4 September 2013}}</ref>
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[Airbus A300B4]]
*[[Airbus A300B4#A300B4|Airbus A300C4]]
*[[Boeing 747-100]]<ref name="Yankee Alpha Takes to the Skies...Again" />
*[[Boeing 747-200B]]
*[[Boeing 747-200C]]
*[[Boeing 747-200F]]
*[[Boeing 727-200]]<ref name="'Amicable' Viasa liquidation agreed" />
*[[Convair 880]]
*[[Curtiss C-46]]
*[[Douglas DC-7C]]
*[[Douglas DC-7#Variants|Douglas DC-7F]]
*[[Douglas DC-8#Series 30|Douglas DC-8-30]]
*[[Douglas DC-8#Series 40|Douglas DC-8-40]]
*[[Douglas DC-8#Series 50|Douglas DC-8-50]]
*[[Douglas DC-8#DC-8 Series 60|Douglas DC-8-60]]
*[[Douglas DC-6B]]<ref name="Flight1961-512"/>
*[[Douglas DC-9-10]]
*[[Douglas DC-9-30]]
*[[Lockheed Super Constellation]]
*[[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]]<ref name="'Amicable' Viasa liquidation agreed" />
*[[McDonnell Douglas MD-80]]
{{Div col end}}

===Livery===
The airline's livery consisted of silver on the belly, white on the top part of the fuselage color, with orange and blue cheatlines that went all the way to the start of the tail. The fuselage featured the name ''Viasa'' written in orange on top of the cheatlines. The tail was all orange, with the name Viasa in white. After Iberia took over, all the fuselage went white, and so did the tail. The cheatlines were made thicker around the plane's cockpit, to resemble Iberia's planes.

==Accidents and incidents==
According to [[Aviation Safety Network]], Viasa experienced five accidents/incidents events throughout its history, with two of them being deadly ones, yielding a combined death toll of 216 fatalities, plus a [[Aircraft hijacking|hijacking]] episode.<ref name="ASN">{{cite web|title= Accident record for Viasa|url= https://asn.flightsafety.org/database/operators/4631|publisher= Aviation Safety Network|access-date= 15 December 2011}}</ref> The two deadly accidents occurred with leased aircraft.<ref name="ASN"/> Following is a list of the events that carried with the [[hull-loss]] of the aircraft involved. The worst accident experienced by the company, and also the worst aviation disaster at the time it took place, occurred in {{Start date|df=yes|1969|3}}, and killed all 84 occupants of the aircraft plus 71 people on the ground.<ref>{{cite news|title= Sabotage ruled out in aviation's worst crash|newspaper= Evening Herald|location= [[Rock Hill, South Carolina|Rock Hill]]|date= 18 March 1969}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size: 85%"
|- 
!Date
!Location
!Aircraft
!Tail number
!class="unsortable"|Aircraft damage
!Fatalities
!class="unsortable"|Description
!class="unsortable"|Refs
|-
|align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1961|5|30}}
|{{nowrap|{{flagicon|POR}}{{sort|Fonte da Telha|Off [[Fonte da Telha]]}}}}
|align=center|[[Douglas DC-8#Series 50|DC-8-53]]
|align=center|PH-DCL
|align=center|[[Written off|W/O]]
|align=center|{{nts|61}}/61
|The aircraft, leased from KLM, was due to operate the third leg of an international scheduled Rome–[[Madrid]]–[[Lisbon]]–[[Santa Maria Island (Azores)|Santa Maria]]–[[Caracas]] passenger service as '''[[Viasa Flight 897|Flight 897]]''', when it plunged into the sea shortly after [[takeoff]] from [[Portela Airport]], {{convert|3|km|mi|abbr=on}} east-northeast of Fonte da Telha.
|align=center|<ref>{{ASN accident|title= PH-DCL|id= 19610530-0|accessdate= 26 November 2011}}</ref>
|-
|align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1968|6|29}}
|{{flagicon|NED}}[[Amsterdam]]
|align=center|DC-8-53
|align=center|PH-DCH
|align=center|W/O
|align=center|{{nts|0}}
|The aircraft was destroyed by fire while undergoing maintenance at [[Schiphol Airport]] owing to an explosion in one of its engines. The aircraft was on lease from KLM.
|align=center|<ref>{{ASN accident|id= 19680629-0|title= PH-DCH|type= Incident|accessdate= 26 November 2011}}</ref>
|-
|align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1969|3|16}}
|{{nowrap|{{flagicon|VEN}}[[Maracaibo]]}}
|align=center|[[McDonnell Douglas DC-9#Series 30 subvariants|DC-9-32]]
|align=center|YV-C-AVD
|align=center|W/O
|align=center|{{nts|155}}
|Leased from AVENSA, the aircraft was due to operate the second leg of an international scheduled [[Caracas]]–Maracaibo–Miami passenger service as '''[[Viasa Flight 742|Flight 742]]''', when it performed a long take-off at [[Grano de Oro Airport]], hit powerlines, and plunged into a nearby crowded neighborhood of the city. All 84 occupants of the aircraft perished in the accident, plus 71 people on the ground.
|align=center|<ref>{{ASN accident|title= YV-C-AVD|id= 19690316-0|accessdate= 3 December 2011}}</ref>
|-
|align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1993|11|26}}
|{{flagicon|ARG}}[[Buenos Aires]]
|align=center|[[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30|DC-10-30]]
|align=center|YV-135C
|align=center|W/O
|align=center|{{nts|0}}/123
|Inbound from [[Caracas]] as '''Flight 940''', the aircraft started [[aquaplaning]] immediately after [[Landing|touchdown]] in bad weather at [[Ezeiza Airport]]. Overran the runway threshold by {{convert|180|m|ft|abbr=on}}. The nosegear collapsed, causing both port and starboard engines to strike the ground.
|align=center|<ref>{{ASN accident|id= 19931126-0|title= YV-135C|type= Incident|accessdate= 26 November 2011}}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
* [[Transportation in Venezuela]]

==Notes and references==
===Notes===
{{Reflist|group="nb"}}

===Citations===
{{Reflist|refs=
<!-- + -->
<ref name="AB25: Births, deaths and marriages">{{cite news |last1=Dunn |first1=Graham |title=AB25: Births, deaths and marriages |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ab25-births-deaths-and-marriages-350227/ |publisher=[[Flightglobal]] |date=25 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630230349/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ab25-births-deaths-and-marriages-350227/ |archive-date=30 June 2018 |location=[[London]]}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="'Amicable' Viasa liquidation agreed">{{cite news|title= 'Amicable' Viasa liquidation agreed|publisher= [[Flightglobal]]|agency= [[Flight International]]|date= 26 February 1997|url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/amicable-viasa-liquidation-agreed-1833/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180630231008/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/amicable-viasa-liquidation-agreed-1833/|archive-date= 30 June 2018}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Flight1960-933">{{cite journal|title= Brevities|journal= [[Flight (magazine)|Flight]]|date= 9 December 1960|page= 933|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1960/1960%20-%202941.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140407091512/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1960/1960%20-%202941.html|archive-date= 7 April 2014|access-date= 2 January 2013|quote= An airline merger is reported from Venezuela: LAV and Avensa are to be merged together as VIASA.|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Flight1961-226">{{cite journal|title= Brevities|journal= [[Flight (magazine)|Flight]]|date= 17 February 1961|page= 226|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200226.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140219021647/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200226.html|archive-date= 19 February 2014|access-date= 2 January 2013|quote= KLM has signed an agreement with VIASA of Venezuela for technical, operational and commercial co-operation. VIASA is to lease a KLM DC-8 with crew for services between Caracas and Rome, Paris, London and Amsterdam next April.|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Flight1961-483">{{cite journal|title= World airlines survey...{{--}}Aerovias Venezonalas SA{{spaced ndash}}AVENSA|journal= [[Flight (magazine)|Flight]]|date= 13 April 1961|page= 483|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200475.html|archive-url= https://www.webcitation.org/6DNaRRLWO?url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200475.html|archive-date= 2 January 2013|access-date= 2 January 2013|quote= The international services of AVENSA and LAV have now been merged to form VIASA, in which AVENSA has a small holding, and to which the two DC-6Bs and the Convair 880 on order are now transferred.|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Flight1961-512">{{cite journal|title= World airlines survey...{{--}}Venezolana International de Aviacion SA{{spaced ndash}}VIASA|journal= [[Flight (magazine)|Flight]]|date= 13 April 1961|page= 512|archive-url= https://www.webcitation.org/6DNbbJvhS?url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200504.html|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200504.html|archive-date= 2 January 2013|access-date= 2 January 2013|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1961-419">{{cite journal|title= DC-8s and Convair 880s for Viasa|journal= [[Flight (magazine)|Flight]]|date= 30 March 1961|page= 419|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200411.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130729202849/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200411.html|archive-date= 29 July 2013|access-date= 2 January 2013|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1963-134">{{cite journal|title= New 880 Order|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 24 January 1963|page= 134|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1963/1963%20-%200146.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121106024056/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1963/1963%20-%200146.html|archive-date= 6 November 2012|access-date= 2 January 2013|quote= Viasa has purchased a third Convair 880M for delivery in April. The airline's two 880s link Caracas with New York, Miami and New Orleans.|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1963-493">{{cite journal|title= KLM affairs|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 11 April 1963|number = 2822|volume= 83|page= 493|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1963/1963%20-%200515.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181026203249/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1963/1963%20-%200515.html|archive-date= 26 October 2018|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1963-938">{{cite journal|title= Two DC-8Fs for KLM|journal= [[Flight International]]|number= 2831|volume= 83|date= 13 June 1963|page= 938|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1963/1963%20-%200967.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181028215941/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1963/1963%20-%200967.html|archive-date= 28 October 2018}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1970">{{cite journal|title= World Airlines 1970–VIASA (Venezolana Internacional de Aviacion SA)|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 26 March 1970|number= 3184|volume= 97|page= 508|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%200558.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181013224947/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%200558.html|archive-date= 13 October 2018}}{{*}}{{cite journal|title= World Airlines 1970–VIASA (Venezolana Internacional de Aviacion SA)|journal= Flight International|date= 26 March 1970|page= 509|url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%200559.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181013225145/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%200559.html|archive-date= 13 October 2018}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1972-284">{{cite journal|title= Air Transport...|journal= [[Flight International]]|volume= 101|number= 3285|date= 24 February 1972|page= 284|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%200428.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140302033349/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%200428.html|archive-date= 2 March 2014|quote= The Venezuelan national carrier, Viasa, is leasing this KLM 747B for use on the Caracas-Paris route. But the Dutch airline will also be using the aircraft, which still carries KLM colours on the port side|access-date= 9 January 2010|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1983-170">{{cite journal|title= Marketplace|journal= [[Flight International]]|date= 22 January 1983|page= 170|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1983/1983%20-%200122.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140407091112/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1983/1983%20-%200122.html|archive-date= 7 April 2014|access-date= 2 January 2013|quote= Viasa, the Venezuelan flag carrier, has received two McDonnell Douglas DC-9 Super 80s under a previously unannounced order. This order brings to 23 the number of airlines to order the type. Viasa's Super 80s are to be used on its short-to-medium international routes from Caracas. They are being flown to such destinations as [[Sint Maarten|St Maarten]], [[Aruba]], [[Puerto Rico]], the [[Dominican Republic]], Miami, [[Trinidad and Tobago]], and [[Bogotá|Bogota]].|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1984-1382">{{cite journal|title= Viasa in trouble|journal= [[Flight International]]|issn= 0015-3710|volume= 125|number= 3916|date= 26 May 1984|page= 1382|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1984/1984%20-%200908.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130729194251/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1984/1984%20-%200908.html|archive-date= 29 July 2013|access-date= 17 January 2012|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1990-137">{{cite magazine|title= World airline directory–VIASA—Venezuelan International Airways (Venezolana Internacional de Aviación)|journal= [[Flight International]]|issn= 0015-3710|number= 4207|volume= 137|date= 14–20 March 1990|page= 137|url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1990/1990%20-%200789.html|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181026133849/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1990/1990%20-%200789.html|archive-date= 26 October 2018}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Flight1961-385">{{cite journal|title= Brevities|journal= [[Flight (magazine)|Flight]]|volume= 79|number= 2715|date= 23 March 1961|page= 385|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200377.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131224112957/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200377.html|archive-date= 24 December 2013|quote= The new Venezuelan international airline Viasa has ordered a second Convair 880-M. The first will be delivered in May and the second in September, and they will be used for services from Caracas to New York, Miami/New Orleans, and Bogota/Lima.}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Flight1961-725">{{cite journal|title= Brevities|journal= [[Flight (magazine)|Flight]]|volume= 79|number= 2724|date= 25 May 1961|page= 725|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200715.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140222044837/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1961/1961%20-%200715.html|archive-date= 22 February 2014|quote= VIASA has become an active member of IATA, bringing the total membership to 89.}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1965-6">{{cite journal|title= Air transport|journal= [[Flight International]]|number= 2913|volume= 87|page= 6|date= 7 January 1965|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1965/1965%20-%200014.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181028215401/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1965/1965%20-%200014.html|archive-date= 28 October 2018}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="NickBrough">{{flatlist}}
*{{allow wrap|{{cite journal|title= Viasa: an airline short of oil|first= Nick|last= Brough|journal= [[Flight International]]|issn= 0015-3710|number= 4095|volume= 133|date= 2–9 January 1988|page= 22|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200024.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181017211954/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200024.html|archive-date= 17 October 2018|url-status= live}} }}
*{{allow wrap|{{cite journal|title= Viasa: an airline short of oil|journal= Flight International|page= 23|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200025.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181017212215/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200025.html|archive-date= 17 October 2018|url-status= live}} }}
*{{allow wrap|{{cite journal|title= Viasa: an airline short of oil|journal= Flight International|page= 24|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200026.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181017212446/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%200026.html|archive-date= 17 October 2018|url-status= live}} }}
{{endflatlist}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="No flag in its future">{{cite news|title= No flag in its future|publisher= [[Flightglobal]]|agency= [[Airline Business]]|date= 1 May 1999|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/no-flag-in-its-future-50707/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160306081522/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/no-flag-in-its-future-50707/|archive-date= 6 March 2016|access-date= 2 January 2013|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Venezuela Airline Drawing Bidders">{{cite news|title= Venezuela Airline Drawing Bidders|agency= [[Reuters]]|newspaper= [[The New York Times]]|date= 29 June 1991|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/29/business/company-news-venezuela-airline-drawing-bidders.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160305112629/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/29/business/company-news-venezuela-airline-drawing-bidders.html|archive-date= 5 March 2016|access-date= 20 February 2017|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Viasa future looks bleak">{{cite news |title=Viasa future looks bleak |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/viasa-future-looks-bleak-2166/ |agency=Flight Airline Business |publisher=[[Flightglobal]] |date=1 March 1997 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701154704/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/viasa-future-looks-bleak-2166/ |archive-date=1 July 2018}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Viasa routes reallocated">{{cite news |title=Viasa routes reallocated |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/viasa-routes-reallocated-46415/ |publisher=[[Flightglobal]] |date=1 January 1999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630232823/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/viasa-routes-reallocated-46415/ |archive-date=30 June 2018}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Viasa wreckage">{{cite news|title= Viasa wreckage|publisher= [[Flightglobal]]|agency= [[Airline Business]]|date= 1 January 1997|url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/viasa-wreckage-3553/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180630232146/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/viasa-wreckage-3553/|archive-date= 30 June 2018}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Viasa's wide bodies">{{cite journal|title= Viasa's wide bodies|journal= [[Flight International]]|volume= 101|issue= 3302|date= 22 June 1972|page= 896|url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%201571.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170813221531/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%201571.html|archive-date= 13 August 2017|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="Yankee Alpha Takes to the Skies...Again">{{cite news |last1=George Hamlin |first1=George Hamlin |title=Yankee Alpha Takes to the Skies...Again |url=http://atwonline.com/opinions/yankee-alpha-takes-skiesagain |publisher=[[Air Transport World]] |date=27 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701154031/http://atwonline.com/opinions/yankee-alpha-takes-skiesagain |archive-date=1 July 2018}}</ref>
|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Viasa}}

{{Portalbar|Venezuela|Companies|Aviation}}
{{Airlines of Venezuela}}

[[Category:Viasa| ]]
[[Category:Defunct airlines of Venezuela]]
[[Category:Airlines established in 1960]]
[[Category:Airlines disestablished in 1997]]
[[Category:1997 disestablishments in Venezuela]]
[[Category:Venezuelan companies established in 1960]]