Editing Vianen

{{Other uses}}
{{use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{short description|City and former municipality in Utrecht, Netherlands}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- Name and transliteration -->| name               = Vianen
| settlement_type    = City and former municipality
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->| image_skyline      = Vianen1.jpg
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = Vianen town centre
| image_flag         = Vianen vlag.svg
| flag_size          = 100x67px
| flag_alt           = 
| image_shield       = Coat of arms of Vianen, Utrecht.svg
| shield_size        = 100x80px
| shield_alt         = <!-- Maps, coordinates -->
| image_map          = Map - NL - Municipality code 0620 (2009).svg
| map_alt            = Highlighted position of Vianen in a municipal map of Utrecht
| map_caption        = Location of the former municipality in Utrecht
| coordinates        = {{coord|52|0|N|5|6|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Utrecht (province)|Utrecht]]
| subdivision_type2  = Municipality
| subdivision_name2  = [[Vijfheerenlanden]]
| extinct_title      = Merged
| extinct_date       = 2019
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_total_km2     = 42.39
| area_land_km2      = 39.45
| area_water_km2     = 2.94
| population_note    = Source: [[Statistics Netherlands|CBS]], [http://statline.cbs.nl/ Statline].
| population_total   = 20423
| population_as_of   = November, 2018
| timezone           = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset         = +1
| timezone_DST       = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST     = +2
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postcode]]
| postal_code        = 4130–4133
| area_code_type     = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code          = 0347
| website            = {{URL|1=http://www.vianen.nl}}
| footnotes          = 
}}
'''Vianen''' ({{IPA|nl|viˈjaːnə(n)|-|nl-Vianen.ogg}}) is a [[city]] and a former [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]] in the central [[Netherlands]], in the province of [[Utrecht (province)|Utrecht]]. It is located south of the [[Lek (river)|Lek river]]. Before 2002 it was part of the province of [[South Holland]]. Vianen is made up of a historic town centre that dates back to the medieval period and was once surrounded by a defensive wall (parts of which still stand today) and moat, as well as more extensive modern housing developments to the east, south and southwest and an industrial and commercial area. Vianen is intersected by two major [[motorway]]s leading to the city of Utrecht: the [[A2 motorway (Netherlands)|A2]] (Amsterdam-Maastricht) and the [[A27 motorway (Netherlands)|A27]] (Breda-Almere).
The municipality was merged with the municipalities of [[Leerdam]] and [[Zederik]] on 1 January 2019. The name of the new municipality is [[Vijfheerenlanden]] which is  part of the Utrecht province.

== The city of Vianen ==
[[File:Vianen.Lekpoort.jpg|thumb|left|130px|City gate (15th century)]]
Vianen received [[City rights in the Low Countries|city rights]] in 1337. Vianen thrived under the counts of Brederode, who acquired its lordship through marriage early in the 15th century. It formed a self-proclaimed sovereign seignory till 1795, including Vianen, Lexmond, Hei- en Boeicop and Meerkerk. During the Middle Ages, as a "free city," Vianen could be a haven for felons and escaped serfs. Of the three castles built during the town's history, [[Batestein Castle]] was said to be one of the most beautiful in the Netherlands. Its only remnants are a 17th-century brick gate and water-pump. Remnants of the old city wall are visible girdling parts of the old downtown.

Vianen celebrates its city rights every year in October with a  traditional horse market. Besides the horses there are also other activities on this day, such as a fair and [[market (place)|market]] and traditional Dutch games.

==Notable residents==
* [[Frans van Brederode]] (1465 - 1490), military leader
* [[Nicolaas Heinsius the Elder]] (1620 - 1681), classical scholar and diplomat
* [[Adrienne de La Fayette|Marie Adrienne Françoise de Noailles, Marquise de La Fayette]] (1759–1807), married to French General [[Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette]]. Lived in Vianen in 1799, when her husband was released from imprisonment in Prussia but was not allowed to return to France.
* [[Marian van de Wal]] (born 1970), singer
* [[Jeannette Lewin]] (born 1972), hockey player
* [[Ridouan Taghi]] (born 1977), Moroccan-Dutch criminal, lived in Vianen during his childhood before becoming a leader of the [[Moroccan mafia]].
* [[Joaquín Martínez]] (1930 - 2012), Mexican-born film and television actor, lived in [[Everdingen]]<ref name=thr>{{cite news|first=Mike|last=Barnes|title=Joaquin Martinez, a Warrior in Film and TV Westerns, Dies at 81 |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/joaquin-martinez-a-warrior-film-285199 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |publisher=2012-01-26 |access-date=2011-01-28}}</ref>

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Impressie Vianen 129.JPG
File:Vianen 034.JPG
File:VianenLangendijk 18.JPG
File:Vianen Langendijk 56.JPG
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links==
*{{commons category-inline}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Dutch municipality Vijfheerenlanden}}

[[Category:Cities in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Municipalities of the Netherlands disestablished in 2019]]
[[Category:Former municipalities of South Holland]]
[[Category:Former municipalities of Utrecht (province)]]
[[Category:Populated places in Utrecht (province)]]
[[Category:Vijfheerenlanden]]