Editing Vernon, Florida

{{about|the city|the documentary film|Vernon, Florida (film)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- Basic info  ---------------->
|name                     = Vernon, Florida
|official_name            = City of Vernon
|other_name               = 
|native_name              = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
|nickname                 = 
|settlement_type          = [[City (Florida)|City]]
|motto                    = 
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|image_skyline            = Vernon FL on SR79.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = [[Florida State Road 79]] in Vernon
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|image_map                = Washington_County_Florida_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Vernon_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250x200px
|map_caption              = Location in [[Washington County, Florida|Washington County]] and the state of [[Florida]]
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<!-- Location ------------------>
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = {{flag|United States}}
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = {{flag|Florida}}
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Florida|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = {{noflag|[[Washington County, Florida|Washington]]}}
|subdivision_type3        = 
|subdivision_name3        = 
|subdivision_type4        = 
|subdivision_name4        = 
<!-- Politics ----------------->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = [[Mayor-council government|Mayor-Council]]
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              = Gary Owens
|leader_title1            = [[Vice Mayor|Council President]]
|leader_name1             = Becky Baxley
|leader_title2            = [[City Council|Councilmembers]]
|leader_name2             = John Wilson,<br>Joshua Zurica,<br>Brittan Brock, and<br>[[Pro tempore|Council Vice President]] Gwendolyn "Gwen" March
|leader_title3            = [[City Clerk]]
|leader_name3             = Candice Hodges
|leader_title4            = [[City Attorney]]
|leader_name4             = Michelle Blankenship-Jordan
|established_title        = [[Settler colonialism|Settled<br>(Roche's Bluff)]]
|established_date         = {{circa|1820s-1851|lk=yes}}<ref name=VerSet>{{Cite web|title=Vernon, Florida|url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=73293|website=www.hmdb.org}}</ref><ref name=VernSett>{{Cite web|title=Vernon Florida Marker|url=https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/historical_architecture_main/7430/|website=[[University of North Florida]]}}</ref>
|established_title1       = [[Settler colonialism|Settled (Vernon)]]
|established_date1        = 1851<ref name=VerSet/><ref name=VernSett/>
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated<br>(City of Vernon)]]
|established_date2        = 1926<ref name=VerInc/><ref name=VernInco/>
<!-- Area    --------------------->
|area_magnitude           = 
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_12.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=December 2, 2021}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 12.35
|area_land_km2            = 12.34
|area_water_km2           = 0.01
|area_total_sq_mi         = 4.77
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|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
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<!-- Population   ----------------------->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_note          = 
|population_total         = 732
|population_density_km2   = 59.33
|population_density_sq_mi = 153.65
|population_metro         = 
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<!-- General information  --------------->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|coordinates              = {{coord|30|37|18|N|85|42|42|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes      = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m              = 13
|elevation_ft             = 43
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 32462
|area_code                = [[Area code 850|850]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 12-74125<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0292758<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|http://vernonflorida.net/}}
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|pop_est_footnotes        = 
|population_est           = 
}}

'''Vernon''' is a city in [[Washington County, Florida]]. The population was 732 at the 2020 census, up from 687 at the 2010 census. It is part of the [[Panama City, Florida|Panama City]]—[[Panama City Beach, Florida]] [[Panama City, Florida metropolitan area|Metropolitan Statistical Area]].

==History==
[[File:Vernon FL Family Health Center.jpg|thumb|left|Vernon Family Health Center]]

The pioneer city was the site of a major Native American settlement before colonization. In the 1820s, Vernon started off as a colonial settlement called "''Roche's Bluff''" after one of the earliest settler's [[surname]], Stephen J. Roche, who built and owned a [[trading post]] along Holmes Creek. The community was renamed "''Vernon''" in 1851. It was renamed for [[George Washington]]'s Virginia home, [[Mount Vernon]], playing off the county's name being Washington County. Vernon held the [[county seat]] from 1851 until 1927, when the seat was moved to [[Chipley, Florida|Chipley]].<ref name=VerSet/><ref name=VernSett/>

The city sits on [[Holmes Creek (Florida)|Holmes Creek]] where, during the 1880s, the creek was used as a [[shipping route]] to [[Bonifay, Florida|Bonifay]] and other nearby municipalities. The creek was also used to ship [[gopher tortoise]]s due to the high value their shell carried at that time. It was officially incorporated as the '''City of Vernon''' in 1926.<ref name=VerInc>{{Cite web|title=FLORIDA CITIES BY INCORPORATION YEAR WITH INCORPORATION & DISSOLUTION INFO|url=https://www.flcities.com/docs/default-source/research-institute-reports/2020citiesbyincorporationwithinfo.pdf?sfvrsn=5009d6d5_0|website=www.flcities.com}}</ref><ref name=VernInco>{{Cite web|title=MUNICIPAL DIRECTORY: City of Vernon|url=https://floridaleagueofcities.com/research-resources/municipal-directory|website=floridaleagueofcities.com}}</ref>

Vernon gained infamy in the late 1950s and early 1960s due to the improbably high percentage of residents who made [[insurance]] claims for lost [[limb (anatomy)|limbs]], leading to an investigation of whether residents of the city were intentionally [[dismemberment|dismembering]] themselves for the [[insurance fraud|insurance money]]. These insurance claims from Vernon, with a population of 500 to 800, accounted for as many as 2/3 of claims nationally, but there was no way of proving that any particular amputation was deliberate.<ref name=sptimes>{{cite web
|url=http://www.sptimes.com/2007/09/02/Life/Dismembered_again.shtml
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017042746/http://www.sptimes.com/2007/09/02/Life/Dismembered_again.shtml
|archive-date=2007-10-17
|title=Dismembered again
|first=Thomas
|last=Lake
|publisher=St. Petersburg Times
|date=2007-09-02}}</ref> This led to Vernon being referred to as "nub city" during this period. In 1980, [[Errol Morris]] attempted to make a documentary about this phenomenon, but after being threatened by city residents and physically attacked by one, he changed the focus of the film, resulting in the 1981 [[documentary]] film ''[[Vernon, Florida (film)|Vernon, Florida]]''.

==Geography==
The approximate coordinates for the City of Vernon is located at {{coord|30|37|18|N|85|42|42|W|type:city}} (30.621699, –85.711628).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

[[Florida State Road 79]] is the main route through the city, and leads north {{convert|12|mi|km|abbr=on}} to [[Bonifay, Florida|Bonifay]] along [[Interstate 10 in Florida|Interstate 10]] and southwest {{convert|18|mi|km|abbr=on}} to [[Ebro, Florida|Ebro]]. Another more local road, [[Florida State Road 277]], begins in the city and leads northeast {{convert|16|mi|km|abbr=on}} to [[Chipley, Florida|Chipley]], the Washington County seat.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|4.7|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

==Climate==
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild winters. According to the [[Köppen climate classification]], the City of Vernon has a [[humid subtropical climate]] zone (''Cfa'').

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1900= 141
|1930= 331
|1940= 539
|1950= 610
|1960= 624
|1970= 691
|1980= 885
|1990= 778
|2000= 743
|2010= 687
|2020= 732
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
}}

===2010 and 2020 census===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Vernon racial composition'''<br> (Hispanics excluded from racial categories)<br> (''NH = Non-Hispanic'')<br>
!Race
!Pop 2010<ref>{{Cite web|title=P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Vernon city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Vernon+city;+Florida+&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Vernon city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Vernon+city;+Florida+&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2010
!% 2020
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|524
|523
|76.27%
|71.45%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|96
|101
|13.97%
|13.80%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|24
|22
|3.49%
|3.01%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|2
|3
|0.29%
|0.41%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]] (NH)
|1
|1
|0.15%
|0.14%
|-
|[[Other races (U.S. Census)|Some other race]] (NH)
|1
|7
|0.15%
|0.96%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Two or more races/Multiracial]] (NH)
|12
|46
|1.75%
|6.28%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|27
|29
|3.93%
|3.96%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''687'''
|'''732'''
|
|
|-
|}

As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 732 people, 288 households, and 163 families residing in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2020: Vernon city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Vernon+city;+Florida+&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1101|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

As of the [[2010 United States census]], there were 687 people, 462 households, and 306 families residing in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2010: Vernon city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Vernon+city;+Florida+&tid=ACSST5Y2010.S1101|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 743 people, 296 households, and 206 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|157.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 372 housing units at an average density of {{convert|78.8|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 77.25% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 15.75% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 2.42% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.67% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.13% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 3.77% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] of any race were 1.48% of the population.

[[File:Vernon FL Post Office.jpg|thumb|right|Vernon Post Office]]
There were 296 households, out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 16.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.4% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the city the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $21,176, and the median income for a family was $24,196. Males had a median income of $20,000 versus $15,938 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $11,869. About 21.7% of families and 28.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 48.8% of those under age 18 and 28.1% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The following public schools within the city are operated by the [[Washington County School District (Florida)|Washington County School District]]:<ref name=District>{{Cite web
 |title       = Schools
 |url         = http://wcsb.paec.org/schools.htm
 |author      = District, Washington County School
 |access-date  = 2023-02-09
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090514114909/http://wcsb.paec.org/schools.htm
 |archive-date = 2009-05-14
}}</ref> The district includes the entire county.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st12_fl/schooldistrict_maps/c12133_washington/DC20SD_C12133.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Washington County, FL|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-07-19}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st12_fl/schooldistrict_maps/c12133_washington/DC20SD_C12133_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref>

* [http://www.vernonelementaryschool.org Vernon Elementary School]
* [http://www.firn.edu/schools/washington/vernon_ms Vernon Middle School]
* [[Vernon High School (Vernon, Florida)|Vernon High School]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Vernon, Florida}}
* [https://vernonflorida.net/ City of Vernon]
* [https://vernonflorida.net/historic-society/ Historical Society - City of Vernon, Florida]
* [http://www.washingtonfl.com Washington County]

{{Washington County, Florida}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Washington County, Florida]]
[[Category:Former county seats in Florida]]
[[Category:Cities in Florida]]