Editing Vauxhall

{{Short description|District of London}}
{{About|the area of London|the car company|Vauxhall Motors|other uses|Vauxhall (disambiguation)}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2017}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{Infobox UK place
| official_name            = Vauxhall
| static_image_name        = Vauxhall - Nine Elms - Battersea - Pimlico at night.jpg
| static_image_caption     = {{small|[[River Thames]] looking upstream from [[Vauxhall Bridge]] showing (left) [[St George Wharf Tower]] and (centre) [[Battersea Power Station]], and the shorelines, left to right, of Vauxhall, [[Nine Elms]], [[Battersea]] and [[Pimlico]]}}
| coordinates              = {{coord|51.4903|-0.1193|display=inline,title}}
| map_type                 = Greater London
| population               = 14,262
| population_ref           = (Princes ward, [[2011 United Kingdom census|2011]])
| os_grid_reference        = TQ305785
| charingX_distance_mi     = 1.59
| charingX_direction       = NNE
| london_borough           = Lambeth
| region                   = London
| country                  = England
| post_town                = LONDON
| postcode_area            = SW
| postcode_district        = SW8
| dial_code                = 020
| constituency_westminster = [[Vauxhall and Camberwell Green (UK Parliament constituency)|Vauxhall and Camberwell Green]]
}}

'''Vauxhall''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-Vauxhall.ogg|ˈ|v|ɒ|k|s|(|h|)|ɔː|l|,|_|-|əl}} {{respell|VOKS|(h)awl}}, {{respell|-əl}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/vauxhall?showCookiePolicy=true|title=Vauxhall|access-date=23 September 2014|publisher=Collins Dictionary|date=n.d.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402111153/http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/vauxhall?showCookiePolicy=true|archive-date=2 April 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> is an area of [[Central London]], within the [[London Borough of Lambeth]]. Named after a medieval [[manorialism|manor]] called Fox Hall, it became well known for the [[Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens]].

From the Victorian period until the mid-20th century, Vauxhall was a mixed industrial and residential area, of predominantly manual workers' homes – many demolished and replaced by [[Lambeth Council]] with [[social housing]] after the Second World War – and business premises, including large railway, gas, and water works. These industries contrasted with the mostly residential neighbouring districts of [[Kennington]] and [[Pimlico]]. As in neighbouring [[Battersea]] and [[Nine Elms]], riverside redevelopment has converted most former industrial sites into residential properties and new office space.

Vauxhall has given its name to the [[Vauxhall Bridge]], [[Vauxhall (UK Parliament constituency)|Vauxhall]] parliamentary constituency and [[Vauxhall Motors]].

==Geography==
Vauxhall is {{cvt|2.1|km}} south of Charing Cross and {{cvt|1.5|km}} southwest of the actual centre of London at Frazier Street near [[Lambeth North tube station]]. Vauxhall is adjacent to the [[River Thames]], on the opposite side of the river to Pimlico. To the north is the district of [[Lambeth]] and to the southeast is the district of Kennington. [[Nine Elms]], South Lambeth and [[Stockwell]] are to the south of Vauxhall.

Several roads converge at an area known as [[Vauxhall Cross]], where [[Vauxhall station]] on the [[South West Main Line]] and the bus station are located. To the northeast of Vauxhall Cross is the [[Vauxhall Gardens|Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens]] and to the southeast is the large [[Vauxhall Park]].

Vauxhall was part of [[Surrey]] until 1889, when the [[County of London]] was created.

==Politics==
Vauxhall is within the [[London Borough of Lambeth]]. For the [[2022 Lambeth London Borough Council election|2022 council election]], the area became part of the [[Vauxhall (ward)|Vauxhall ward]], which elects three members of [[Lambeth London Borough Council]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-02-07 |title=A new political map for the 2022 Lambeth Borough Council elections |url=https://love.lambeth.gov.uk/a-new-political-map-for-the-2022-lambeth-borough-council-elections/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=Lambeth Council |language=en-GB}}</ref>

For Westminster elections, Vauxhall is part of the [[Vauxhall and Camberwell Green (UK Parliament constituency)|Vauxhall and Camberwell Green]] constituency which was created in 2024 to replace the [[Vauxhall (UK Parliament constituency)|Vauxhall]] constituency. [[Florence Eshalomi]] has held the seat since 2019 for the [[Labour and Co-operative Party]].

==History==
[[File:Lambeth Met. B Ward Map 1916.svg|thumb|A map showing the Vauxhall ward of Lambeth Metropolitan Borough as it appeared in 1916]]

===Toponymy===
''For a list of street name toponymies in the district see [[Street names of Vauxhall]].''

The [[toponymy]] of Vauxhall is generally accepted to have originated in the late 13th century, from the name of [[Falkes de Breauté]], the head of King [[John of England|John]]'s mercenaries, who owned a large house in the area, which was referred to as Faulke's Hall, later Foxhall, and eventually Vauxhall.<ref name="Etymology">{{cite web|url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/vauxhall|title=Etymology of Vauxhall|publisher=Etymonline|access-date=April 12, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412145456/https://www.etymonline.com/word/vauxhall|archive-date=12 April 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Samuel Pepys]] mentions "Fox Hall" in his diary on 23 June 1665: "....I took boat and to Fox Hall, where we spent two or three hours talking of several matters very soberly and contentfully to me, which, with the ayre and pleasure of the garden, was a great refreshment to me, and, ‘methinks, that which we ought to joy ourselves in."<ref name="Pepys1">{{cite web|url=https://www.pepysdiary.com/encyclopedia/6546/|title=Vauxhall (Foxhall)|date=20 July 2006 |publisher=Pepys Diary|access-date=April 12, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412145633/https://www.pepysdiary.com/encyclopedia/6546/|archive-date=12 April 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The area only became generally known by the name Vauxhall when the [[Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens]] opened as a public attraction and movement across the Thames was facilitated by the opening of [[Westminster Bridge]] in the 1740s.<ref name="Lon Ency">{{cite book|last=Hibbert|first=Christopher|title=London Encyclopaedia|publisher=Macmillan London Ltd|year=2008|page=967|isbn=978-1-4050-4924-5}}</ref>

====In the Russian language====
Competing theories are given as to why the Russian word for a [[central station|central railway station]] is {{lang|ru|[[:ru:вокзал|вокзал]]}} (''vokzal''), which coincides with the canonical 19th-century transliteration of "Vauxhall". It has long been suggested that a Russian delegation visited the area to inspect the construction of the [[London & South Western Railway]] (L&SWR) in 1840, and mistook the name of the station for the generic name of the building type—a "vaux hall", as it were.  This was further embellished into a story that Tsar [[Nicholas I of Russia]], visiting London in 1844, was taken to see the trains at Vauxhall and made the same mistake.  Alternatively, the locality of the L&SWR's original railway terminus, Nine Elms Station, was shown boldly and simply as "Vauxhall" in the 1841 ''[[Bradshaw's Guide|Bradshaw]]'' timetable.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.geog.port.ac.uk/webmap/hantscat/html/h0106442.htm |title=1841 Railway guide for Vauxhall |publisher=Geog.port.ac.uk |date=26 September 2001 |access-date=21 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305013633/http://www.geog.port.ac.uk/webmap/hantscat/html/h0106442.htm |archive-date=5 March 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

Both these explanations can probably be dismissed, since the [[Tsarskoye Selo Railway|first public railway in Russia]] had already been built by 1837.  This line ran from [[Saint Petersburg]] via [[Tsarskoye Selo]] to [[Pavlovsk Palace]], where extensive [[pleasure gardens]] had earlier been established. In 1838, a music and entertainment pavilion was constructed at the railway terminus. This pavilion was called the ''Vokzal'' in homage to the [[Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens]] in London. The name soon came to be applied to the station itself, which was the gateway that most visitors used to enter the gardens. It later came to mean any substantial railway station building (a different Russian word, станция (''stantsiya''), is used for minor stations).

The word ''voksal'' (воксал) had been known in the Russian language with the meaning of "amusement park" long before the 1840s and may be found, e.g. in the poetry of [[Aleksandr Pushkin]]: {{lang|ru|На гуляньях иль в воксалах / Легким зефиром летал}} ("To Natalie" (1813): "At [[fête]]s or in ''voksals'', /I've been flitting like a gentle [[Zephirus|Zephyrus]]" [<small>here "Zephyrus" is an [[allegory]] of a gentle, warm and pleasant wind </small>]) According to [[Vasmer]], the word is first attested in the ''[[Saint Petersburg Vedomosti]]'' for 1777 in the form фоксал, which may reflect the earlier English spelling of Fox Hall/Faukeshall. Englishman [[Michael Maddox]] established a Vauxhall Gardens in the Saint Petersburg suburbs (Pavlovsk) in 1783, with pleasure gardens, a small theatre/concert hall, and places for refreshment. Archdeacon [[William Coxe (historian)|William Coxe]] describes the place as a "sort of Vauxhall" in that year, in his ''Travels into Russia''.

===Early history===
No mention of Vauxhall is made in the 1086 ''[[Domesday Book]]''.  The area originally formed part of the extensive [[Manorialism|manor]] of [[South Lambeth]], which was held by the family of de Redvers,<ref name=SurveyOfLondon-ch2/> [[Feudal barony of Plympton|feudal barons of Plympton]] in Devon and [[Lord of the Isle of Wight|Lords of the Isle of Wight]]. Falkes de Breauté acquired South Lambeth in 1216 when he married Margaret FitzGerold, widow of Baldwin de Redvers (son and [[heir apparent]] of [[William de Redvers, 5th Earl of Devon]] (d.1217)) and mother of [[Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon]] (1217–1245). Falkes de Breauté's lands reverted to the de Redvers family after his death in 1226.<ref name=SurveyOfLondon-ch2/> In 1293, South Lambeth and the manor of "la Sale Faukes" passed, probably by trickery, to King [[Edward I of England|Edward I]],<ref name=SurveyOfLondon-ch2>{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=49757 |title=Sheppard FHW, 'Vauxhall and South Lambeth: Introduction and Vauxhall Manor', Survey of London: volume 26: Lambeth: Southern area (1956), pp. 57–59. (Date accessed: 22 December 2009.) |publisher=British-history.ac.uk |date=22 June 2003 |access-date=21 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320211040/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=49757 |archive-date=20 March 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> who purchased several de Redvers lands (including the Lordship of the Isle of Wight) from [[Isabel de Forz, 8th Countess of Devon]] (1237–1293), sister and heiress of [[Baldwin de Redvers, 7th Earl of Devon]] (1236–1262), shortly before her death.<ref>Barbara English, ‘Forz , Isabella de, suo jure countess of Devon, and countess of Aumale (1237–1293)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/47209 Accessed 2008-03-12]</ref> In 1317 King [[Edward II of England|Edward II]] granted the manor of Vauxhall, Surrey, to Sir [[Roger d'Amory]] for his "good services" at the [[Battle of Bannockburn]].

From various accounts, three local roads – the [[A203 road|South Lambeth Road]], [[A3 road|Clapham Road]] (previously Merton Road), and [[A3036 road|Wandsworth Road]] (previously Kingston Road) – were ancient and well-known routes to and from London.

Vauxhall was the south western terminus of the [[Lines of Communication (London)|Civil War defences]] of London, thrown up by Londoners in 1642 to defend against [[Cavalier|Royalist]] incursions. A landmark fort was located at the present site of the Elephant and Castle public house (currently a Starbucks)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=1395400&sort=4&search=all&criteria=tothill&rational=q&recordsperpage=10|title=Pastscape - Detailed Result: VAUXHALL FORT|website=www.pastscape.org.uk|access-date=2019-05-28}}</ref>

===Development===
The land was flat and parts were marshy and poorly drained by ditches, and only started to be developed with the draining of [[Lambeth Marsh]] in the mid-18th century, but remained a village. Prior to this, it provided market garden produce for the nearby [[City of London]]. [[Vauxhall Bridge]] and [[Inner Ring Road, London#Vauxhall Bridge Road|Vauxhall Bridge Road]] were opened in 1816. By 1860, the village had been subsumed by the town of Lambeth.<ref name="Lon Ency" /> Many of Vauxhall's streets were destroyed during the construction of the railway to [[London Waterloo railway station|London Waterloo]] via the [[Nine Elms to Waterloo Viaduct]], by German bombing in [[World War II]] or ravaged through poor city planning.

==Demography==
The explosion in London property prices during the late 1990s and early 2000s has led to a boom in riverside construction, such as the large [[St George Wharf]] development by Vauxhall Bridge. This area is continuing to be redeveloped with several newbuilds under construction.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.homesandproperty.co.uk/area-guides/lambeth-borough/vauxhall/living-in-vauxhall-area-guide-to-homes-schools-and-transport-links-a124856.html|title = 20,000 new homes are coming to this fast-changing central London hub|date = 24 October 2018}}</ref>

Several [[gentrification|gentrified]] areas have developed, and areas of terraced townhouses on streets such as Fentiman Road and Heyford Avenue have higher property values in the private market; however, 97% of housing stock in Vauxhall is flats, both conversions and purpose-built blocks.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/customprofiles/embed/#/?name=VmF1eGhhbGw=&comp=RW5nbGFuZA==&tabs=W3siY29kZSI6ImFjY29tbW9kYXRpb25fdHlwZSIsImRhdGEiOls0LjMsOTUuNywwLDc3LjQsMjIuMiwwLjRdfV0=&poly=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 |title=Census 2021 Custom Profile Vauxhall Ward |publisher=Office of National Statistics |access-date=18 June 2024 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Vauxhall is also a popular residential area for members of parliament and civil servants due to its proximity to the [[Palace of Westminster|Houses of Parliament]] and [[Whitehall]]; Kennington is within the area wired for the Commons' [[Division bell]].  Some 18th- and 19th-century properties also survive – most famously [[Bonnington Square]], a community that emerged from the 1970s–1980s [[squatting|squat]] scene in London and remains as mostly housing co-operatives today.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vauxhallcivicsociety.org.uk/history/bonnington-square/ |title=Bonnington Square &#124; the Vauxhall Society |access-date=2012-11-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008054247/http://www.vauxhallcivicsociety.org.uk/history/bonnington-square/ |archive-date=8 October 2012 |df=dmy-all }} Retrieved 28 March 2011</ref>

Vauxhall is a very ethnically diverse area; 50% are white and 50% of residents originate from a non-white ethnic group.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/customprofiles/embed/#/?name=VmF1eGhhbGw=&comp=RW5nbGFuZA==&tabs=W3siY29kZSI6ImV0aG5pY19ncm91cF90YiIsImRhdGEiOlsxNC44LDE5LjIsNy4zLDUwLjEsOC42LDkuNiw0LjIsMyw4MSwyLjJdfV0=&poly=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|title=Census 2021 Custom Profile Vauxhall Ward|publisher=Office of National Statistics|access-date=18 June 2024 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> There is a significant Portuguese community, some with a connection to [[Madeira]]; many Portuguese restaurants and bars are located in South Lambeth Road and the surrounding area. 

The 2021 census states the plurality of residents, 39.5% are Christians and 37.3% state that they do have a religion. The Muslim community consists of 9.3% of residents.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/customprofiles/embed/#/?name=VmF1eGhhbGw=&comp=RW5nbGFuZA==&tabs=W3siY29kZSI6InJlbGlnaW9uX3RiIiwiZGF0YSI6WzM3LjMsMzkuNSwxLjUsMS44LDAuNyw5LjMsMC4yLDAuOCw4LjksMzYuNyw0Ni4zLDAuNSwxLjgsMC41LDYuNywwLjksMC42LDZdfV0=&poly=eyJ0eXBlIjoiUG9seWdvbiIsImNvb3JkaW5hdGVzIjpbW1stMC4xMzA1Myw1MS40ODAxN10sWy0wLjEyODUzLDUxLjQ3OTY2XSxbLTAuMTI4NDYsNTEuNDc5NTddLFstMC4xMjg2Niw1MS40NzkyNV0sWy0wLjEyODE3LDUxLjQ3OTE0XSxbLTAuMTI4MDQsNTEuNDc5MzddLFstMC4xMjc5Myw1MS40Nzk0MV0sWy0wLjEyNjA0LDUxLjQ3OTI3XSxbLTAuMTI1OTYsNTEuNDc5MzldLFstMC4xMjU5Niw1MS40Nzk1XSxbLTAuMTI2LDUxLjQ3OTUzXSxbLTAuMTI4MjEsNTEuNDc5N10sWy0wLjEyODMsNTEuNDc5NzNdLFstMC4xMjgzMyw1MS40Nzk4XSxbLTAuMTI3OTcsNTEuNDgwNDNdLFstMC4xMjc2Nyw1MS40ODEzNF0sWy0wLjEyNzU5LDUxLjQ4MTQxXSxbLTAuMTI2MjIsNTEuNDgxNTJdLFstMC4xMjYxMiw1MS40ODE0Nl0sWy0wLjEyNjA2LDUxLjQ4MTFdLFstMC4xMjU1Miw1MS40ODExXSxbLTAuMTI1MzcsNTEuNDgxMDRdLFstMC4xMjUzMyw1MS40ODA5N10sWy0wLjEyNDY3LDUxLjQ4MTA5XSxbLTAuMTI0MzksNTEuNDgyMTJdLFstMC4xMjQyNCw1MS40ODIzOF0sWy0wLjEyMzkyLDUxLjQ4MjY0XSxbLTAuMTI0NSw1MS40ODI4MV0sWy0wLjEyNTUsNTEuNDgzMDJdLFstMC4xMjU2LDUxLjQ4MzFdLFstMC4xMjUzNyw1MS40ODMzM10sWy0wLjEyNDc5LDUxLjQ4NDI3XSxbLTAuMTI0NjIsNTEuNDg0MzVdLFstMC4xMjM0Nyw1MS40ODQzNV0sWy0wLjEyMzA1LDUxLjQ4NDE5XSxbLTAuMTIzMDEsNTEuNDg0MTJdLFstMC4xMjMwOCw1MS40ODM1OF0sWy0wLjEyMzI1LDUxLjQ4MzE3XSxbLTAuMTIyNTQsNTEuNDgyOTVdLFstMC4xMjIxOCw1MS40ODI5Ml0sWy0wLjEyMTgyLDUxLjQ4MzA1XSxbLTAuMTIxNTgsNTEuNDgzMzddLFstMC4xMjE1OCw1MS40ODM2Nl0sWy0wLjEyMTQ3LDUxLjQ4MzczXSxbLTAuMTIwNDksNTEuNDgzNzJdLFstMC4xMTg2Nyw1MS40ODQwNF0sWy0wLjExODUzLDUxLjQ4Mzk5XSxbLTAuMTE4MzIsNTEuNDgzNjNdLFstMC4xMTgzMiw1MS40ODM1Ml0sWy0wLjExNzQ0LDUxLjQ4MzY4XSxbLTAuMTE3MzUsNTEuNDgzODJdLFstMC4xMTczOSw1MS40ODM5M10sWy0wLjExNzEyLDUxLjQ4NDA4XSxbLTAuMTE3MTQsNTEuNDg0MTVdLFstMC4xMTc3Miw1MS40ODQ0Ml0sWy0wLjExODAzLDUxLjQ4NDIzXSxbLTAuMTE4MjUsNTEuNDg0MjhdLFstMC4xMTgyOSw1MS40ODQ0OF0sWy0wLjExODIzLDUxLjQ4NDU0XSxbLTAuMTE4MzIsNTEuNDg0NTldLFstMC4xMTgzMiw1MS40ODQ2Nl0sWy0wLjExODU2LDUxLjQ4NDc5XSxbLTAuMTE4NTgsNTEuNDg0OTddLFstMC4xMTkxNCw1MS40ODYzNV0sWy0wLjExOTExLDUxLjQ4NjQzXSxbLTAuMTE3NjcsNTEuNDg2NjhdLFstMC4xMTU3OSw1MS40ODY5Ml0sWy0wLjExMzQ1LDUxLjQ4Njk3XSxbLTAuMTEyOTgsNTEuNDg3MDNdLFstMC4xMTIyLDUxLjQ4NzQxXSxbLTAuMTExNTQsNTEuNDg4MDldLFstMC4xMTE1OCw1MS40ODgxNF0sWy0wLjExMTksNTEuNDg4MThdLFstMC4xMTIxMyw1MS40ODc5Nl0sWy0wLjExMjIyLDUxLjQ4NzgxXSxbLTAuMTEyNDIsNTEuNDg3NzRdLFstMC4xMTI1Miw1MS40ODc3N10sWy0wLjExMzA0LDUxLjQ4ODI4XSxbLTAuMTEzMTUsNTEuNDg4MTJdLFstMC4xMTM0Myw1MS40ODgwM10sWy0wLjExMzU4LDUxLjQ4ODA0XSxbLTAuMTE0NjYsNTEuNDg5MjFdLFstMC4xMTQ1LDUxLjQ4OTMxXSxbLTAuMTE0Miw1MS40ODkyMV0sWy0wLjExNDA2LDUxLjQ4OTQ0XSxbLTAuMTEzNjYsNTEuNDg5NTldLFstMC4xMTM2Miw1MS40ODk2OF0sWy0wLjExNjM4LDUxLjQ5MDY5XSxbLTAuMTE4MTIsNTEuNDkxNDddLFstMC4xMTkzMiw1MS40OTE5MV0sWy0wLjEyMTcsNTEuNDkyNDRdLFstMC4xMjE5Miw1MS40OTI0Nl0sWy0wLjEyMjEzLDUxLjQ5MTg3XSxbLTAuMTIyNTcsNTEuNDkwOTddLFstMC4xMjM0OSw1MS40ODk1NF0sWy0wLjEyMzc5LDUxLjQ4OTE5XSxbLTAuMTIzOTgsNTEuNDg4NTRdLFstMC4xMjQzNSw1MS40ODhdLFstMC4xMjQzMSw1MS40ODc4OF0sWy0wLjEyNDQ1LDUxLjQ4NzgzXSxbLTAuMTI0NzUsNTEuNDg3OTJdLFstMC4xMjQ4OSw1MS40ODc4Nl0sWy0wLjEyNTY4LDUxLjQ4NzEyXSxbLTAuMTI1NzYsNTEuNDg2ODldLFstMC4xMjU3Miw1MS40ODY3OV0sWy0wLjEyNTg5LDUxLjQ4NjY0XSxbLTAuMTI3NDMsNTEuNDg1NTVdLFstMC4xMjg0Miw1MS40ODUwN10sWy0wLjEyODE5LDUxLjQ4NDc0XSxbLTAuMTI3NjYsNTEuNDg0NzFdLFstMC4xMjY1OCw1MS40ODQ1NF0sWy0wLjEyNjM4LDUxLjQ4NDVdLFstMC4xMjYzMiw1MS40ODQ0M10sWy0wLjEyNjgyLDUxLjQ4Mzg1XSxbLTAuMTI3MDcsNTEuNDgzNDNdLFstMC4xMjczMSw1MS40ODI0Ml0sWy0wLjEyNzUsNTEuNDgxOTFdLFstMC4xMjk5LDUxLjQ4MTEzXSxbLTAuMTMwMDksNTEuNDgwNzFdLFstMC4xMzAyNyw1MS40ODA2Ml0sWy0wLjEzMDUzLDUxLjQ4MDE3XV1dfQ==|title=Census 2021 Custom Profile Vauxhall Ward|publisher=Office of National Statistics |access-date=18 June 2024 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

==Economy==
Much of the area in Vauxhall contains light industry, offices, and government buildings. Many companies and organisations were attracted in the past by Vauxhall's central location and comparatively cheap rent compared to [[Westminster]] on the other side of the river. In recent years, Vauxhall's riverside has undergone major redevelopment with the construction of a number of modern residential and office blocks, most notably the distinctive [[SIS Building]] at Vauxhall Cross. Also, a number of new commercial businesses have moved into the area.

==Nightlife==
[[Image:Royal Vauxhall Tavern, Vauxhall, SE11 (2866697236).jpg|thumb|The [[Royal Vauxhall Tavern]], a well-known gay venue]]
Vauxhall is home to a number of gay bars and nightclubs, such as Fire, The Eagle, and the [[Royal Vauxhall Tavern]], which dates back to at least the late 19th century, and was for many years a traditional English music hall and cabaret venue. In recent years, the building has come under constant threat of buyout and demolition from property developers, as it stands alone on a prime piece of grassland adjacent to Vauxhall railway station. However, the pub was bought in 2004 by sympathetic owners who have announced, "business as usual".

Vauxhall was originally the home of the more underground gay clubs with the arrival of Crash in the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.timeout.com/london/gay/features/220/Vauxhall_gay_village.html |title=Vauxhall gay village |publisher=Timeout.com |access-date=21 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516175404/http://www.timeout.com/london/gay/features/220/Vauxhall_gay_village.html |archive-date=16 May 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Over the years, more clubs and gay businesses have followed Crash's lead by opening up in the railway arches underneath the main line out of Waterloo station. One of the most notable venues to open in the area is Fire night club, which is located on Parry Street and currently occupies ten arches. Fire was the scene of a drugs raid by the [[Metropolitan Police Service]] on 28 April 2007 where nine people were arrested. The tactics used in the raid (namely photographing all the persons leaving the venue) were strongly criticised by the gay press at the time.<ref>{{cite web |author=Staff Writer |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/articles/2005-4249.html/ |title=Concerns raised over police tactics during gay club raid |publisher=PinkNews.co.uk |date=28 April 2007 |access-date=21 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821064641/http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/articles/2005-4249.html/ |archive-date=21 August 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

Before Vauxhall earned its reputation as a gay village, it was regarded among the underground gay club scene as the place to go to avoid the more commercial nights elsewhere in central London. However, the market has become more and more lucrative with the arrival of more venues and more nights, and Vauxhall has been criticised as becoming increasingly commercial, diluting its once underground appeal. The demise of other club venues in London, such as [[Turnmills]], the [[London Astoria|Astoria]] and [[The Fridge (nightclub)|The Fridge]], have led to the gay club scene to become more centralised in Vauxhall, turning it into an alternative destination from Soho for gay people to socialise. Vauxhall has also become colloquially known as "Voho"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.londongayman.co.uk/article-keep-it-gay-59.html |title=Keep it glad, Keep it mad, Keep it gay! |publisher=Londongayman.co.uk |date=30 April 1999 |access-date=21 May 2012}}</ref> (a portmanteau of the names Vauxhall and Soho) within the gay community, due to the emergence of Vauxhall as a gay village after Soho.

Entertainment in the Vauxhall area is not exclusively aimed at gay clientele; the oldest strip pub in London (the Queen Anne) sitting at Vauxhall Walk has now closed to be replaced with The Tea House Theatre, a 1940s-themed tea room.

==Features==
[[File:SIS building (26327425611).jpg|thumb|The [[SIS building|Vauxhall Cross headquarters]] of the [[Secret Intelligence Service]]]]
[[File:Vauxhall Cross roundel.svg|thumb|Vauxhall Cross, the fictional Tube station featured in [[James Bond films]] ]]
By Vauxhall Bridge stands [[SIS Building|the central headquarters]] of the British [[Secret Intelligence Service]] (more commonly referred to as MI6), which occupies offices built between 1989 and 1992 and commonly referred to as Vauxhall Cross. Since 1992, a large complex of apartments and offices has been built to the south of Vauxhall Bridge at St George Wharf. Part of this development includes the [[St George Wharf Tower]], completed in 2014.

The MI6 building has featured in several [[James Bond (film series)|James Bond films]], initially filmed without permission, but then condoned by then Foreign Secretary [[Robin Cook]] with his memorable "After all James Bond has done for Britain..." quip. It appears in ''[[GoldenEye]]'', ''[[The World Is Not Enough]]'' (wherein it suffers a fictional terrorist attack that prefigured a genuine incident), ''[[Die Another Day]]'', ''[[Skyfall]]'' (where it also comes under a fictional terrorist attack), and ''[[Spectre (2015 film)|Spectre]]'' (2015) (wherein it is demolished). ''Die Another Day'' featured a [[List of fictional London Underground stations|fictional London Underground station]], Vauxhall Cross, a fictional closed stop on the [[Piccadilly line]] now employed by MI6 as an extension to its HQ. (In fact, the Piccadilly line does not come south of the river at all; only the [[Victoria line]] passes anywhere nearby, and the secret entrance to the station shown in the film is on the east side of Westminster Bridge, some considerable distance downriver.)

Vauxhall is also home to [[Brunswick House]], a listed [[Georgian era|Georgian]] mansion and former home to the [[Duke of Brunswick|Dukes of Brunswick]]. Built in 1758, it once stood in three acres of riverside parkland; now it sits overshadowed by the St George Wharf complex. The building was in a state of disrepair and was on the [[English Heritage]] 'Buildings at Risk' list until the London Architectural Salvage and Supply Company acquired it in 2004 and restored it as a premises from which to sell architectural salvage. It also has a restaurant and is an events venue.

[[St Peter's Church, Vauxhall]] in Kennington Lane<ref>
{{cite web |url=http://www.stpetersvauxhall.com |title=Music at St Peter's Vauxhall |publisher=stpetersvauxhall.com |access-date=14 December 2013 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214232241/http://www.stpetersvauxhall.com/ |archive-date=14 December 2013 |df=dmy-all }}
</ref>
was designed by the 19th-century architect [[John Loughborough Pearson]], who also designed [[Truro Cathedral]] and [[St John's Cathedral (Brisbane)|St John's Cathedral, Brisbane]] in Australia, as well as being responsible for restoration work at Rochester, Bristol, Peterborough, and Lincoln cathedrals. {{As of | 2015}}, the church building serves as a community centre and arts venue, as well as a church. Next to St Peter's is [[Vauxhall City Farm]].

==Transport==
Vauxhall is well connected even by central London standards. [[London Underground]], [[National Rail]] trains, and [[London buses]] are all available at [[Vauxhall station]]. The tube stop is on the boundary of zones 1 and 2 of the London [[Travelcard]] area on the [[Victoria line]], and [[Northern line]] stations are within walking distance of many parts of Vauxhall, though the nearest is [[Nine Elms tube station|Nine Elms]]. The railway station is served by [[South Western Railway (train operating company)|South Western Railway]] to and from London Waterloo, which is one stop away. [[Vauxhall bus station]] has 14 routes serving various parts of London. There is also a river bus service operated by [[Thames Clippers]] at Vauxhall (St George Wharf) Pier, enabling passengers to travel east to Greenwich and Barking, or west to Putney.

Vauxhall is one of London's most well-connected transport hubs, as the availability of underground, trains, and buses has given Vauxhall the highest possible [[Public transport accessibility level|PTAL]] rating of 6b at its centre.<ref name="Local Development Framework">{{cite web|url=https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:dvGpz9qaV2MJ:www.lambeth.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/5E2E4469-CDC6-4D71-A9EF-CCAEBF478103/0/TopicPaper5DeliveryOfPublicTransportInfrastructureInVauxhallMarch2010.pdf+ptal+rating+vauxhall&hl=en&gl=uk&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShZRWcnER_oJHyQN62y6rODotBnJQOHXISGXY5nuZ5h-ZstttUZkAbxzKjf39nasEWMbr3R-CvIkI61JcyOOyw8K43iRtgybEd35Ah5h0RGx-r2MUJqu8wRx_wCMXS8DSj-O7o0&sig=AHIEtbRuuKkQKmwLbtygORPWK_Rcy4wtBg |title=London Borough of Lambeth, 'Delivery of public transport infrastructure in Vauxhall', LDF Core Strategy topic paper 5, Lambeth: London, p. 2. (Date accessed: 28 December 2010.) |access-date=21 May 2012}}</ref>

In addition to public transport, Vauxhall is accessible by major roads and the [[Thames Path]] pedestrian and bicycle trail. Vauxhall also has two 17-space [[Santander Cycles]] docking stations and [[Cycle Superhighway]] 7 runs through the area.

===Vauxhall Cross===
[[Image:Vauxhall cross.jpg|thumb|The Vauxhall Cross transport interchange, 2005: The solar panels supply energy for 60% of the bus station's lighting.]]
Vauxhall Cross is immediately to the southeast of Vauxhall Bridge, where six major roads converge, including the [[Albert Embankment]], which exits the Cross to the north and is the southernmost point of entry into the [[London congestion charge]] area. Vauxhall Cross was once described as "one of the most unpleasant road junctions in South London" in [[Nikolaus Pevsner]]'s 1983 architectural guide to South London. Vauxhall Cross has since improved after a gradual redesign between 2002 and 2004, to accommodate a bus interchange linked to the [[Vauxhall station|Vauxhall mainline railway and tube stations]], both of which are located to the southeastern end of the Cross.

Work has involved design changes to traffic lanes, improved pedestrian and cycle crossings, refurbishment of walkways beneath the mainline railway viaduct, and the construction of a bus station, completed in December 2004 featuring an undulating steel-frame canopy and ribbed steel walls. An interesting feature of the canopy is a series of photoelectric cells generating electricity to offset the energy used by the bus station.

Vauxhall Cross bus station<!-- , built only in 2005, --> will be redeveloped to create a new mixed-use development consisting of offices, hotels, and shopping areas. The project will be managed by Great Marlborough Estates and has an apparent budget of £600 million, and is estimated to make the developers over £45 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.londonnewsonline.co.uk/huge-towers-to-replace-vauxhall-bus-station/ |title=Huge towers to replace Vauxhall bus station |date=2 February 2018 |access-date=2018-02-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207013428/https://www.londonnewsonline.co.uk/huge-towers-to-replace-vauxhall-bus-station/ |archive-date=7 February 2018 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Public consultation took place in 2016 but the project has been delayed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.building.co.uk/zaha-hadid-starts-work-on-600m-twin-towers-scheme-without-tfl-land-swap-deal/5122566.article |title=Zaha Hadid starts work on £600m twin towers scheme without TfL land swap deal |date=3 April 2023 |access-date=18 June 2024 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

===Nearest tube stations===
* [[Vauxhall tube station|Vauxhall]]
* [[Nine Elms tube station|Nine Elms]]
* [[Kennington tube station|Kennington]]
* [[Oval tube station|Oval]]
* [[Pimlico tube station|Pimlico]]
* [[Stockwell tube station|Stockwell]]

==Community facilities==
Vauxhall Park<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vauxhallpark.org.uk/ |title=Friends of Vauxhall Park |publisher=Vauxhallpark.org.uk |access-date=21 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413170941/http://www.vauxhallpark.org.uk/ |archive-date=13 April 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> contains an area of miniature model houses (also in [[Fitzroy Gardens, Melbourne]]) as well as tennis courts, day care in the "one o'clock club", and children's playground. It is open daily for recreation and has an "open day" once a year.

[[Vauxhall City Farm]], located within [[Vauxhall Gardens|Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens]] is open daily and contains a range of animals including alpacas, sheep, goats and pigs.

Vauxhall is the home of Vauxhall Gardens Estate Residents and Tenants Association (VGERTA) that represents 2,500 residents in Vauxhall Gardens Estate which is the biggest<ref>{{cite book|last1=Mackill|first1=David|title=Rule of Law in England|date=1989|publisher=Penguin|page=34}}</ref> Presidents and Tenants Association in Lambeth. VGERTA and their committee has received a number of awards for their contributions to the local community. VGERTA's biggest success to date is the fundraising of £165,000 for the full regeneration of the Glasshouse Walk Playground that was successfully completed in July 2013.

==See also==
* [https://love.lambeth.gov.uk Love Lambeth]
* [https://vauxhallcivicsociety.org.uk Vauxhall Civic Society]
* [[Vauxhall glassworks]]
* [https://vauxhallone.co.uk Vauxhall One]
* [https://www.vauxhallnow.com Vauxhall Now]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
* ''Vauxhall Pleasures''. Published November 2006 in [http://www.hiddeneurope.co.uk hidden europe magazine] Issue 11, pp.&nbsp;30–34. {{ISSN|1860-6318}}. (Article explores the pleasure gardens and Vauxhall's Russian connections)
* ''Vauxhall Gardens Revisit'd'' {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20041209001035/http://www.wual.ua.edu/carter_page_02.asp Michael Carter]}} (Short essay which, like the preceding reference, provides useful further reading on this topic)
* Davies, Ross. ''Vauxhall. A Little History'' (Nine Elms Press, 2009) {{ISBN|978-0-956-19930-0}}.

==External links==
* [http://www.vauxhallhistory.org] – News, history and information about Vauxhall's history from The Vauxhall Society
{{Geographic location
|Northwest = [[Westminster]]
|North     = [[Lambeth]]
|Northeast = [[Elephant and Castle]]
|West      = [[Pimlico]]
|Centre    = Vauxhall
|East      = [[Kennington]]
|Southwest = [[Nine Elms]]
|South     = [[Stockwell]]
|Southeast = [[Kennington]]
}}{{LB Lambeth}}
{{London Districts}}

{{LGBT topics in the United Kingdom}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Vauxhall| ]]
[[Category:Areas of London]]
[[Category:Gay villages in England]]
[[Category:Districts of the London Borough of Lambeth]]
[[Category:Districts of London on the River Thames]]
[[Category:History of the London Borough of Lambeth]]
[[Category:LGBTQ culture in London]]
[[Category:Entertainment districts in the United Kingdom]]