Editing Vallejo, California

<!--Already automatically provided by Template:Infobox_settlement: {{Short description|City in California, United States}} -->
{{Use mdy dates|cs1-dates=ll|date=August 2024}}
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{{Infobox settlement
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<!-- Basic info  ---------------->| name               = Vallejo, California
| settlement_type    = [[List of municipalities in California|City]]
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
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   | image1                   = Vallejo - panoramio (4) (cropped).jpg
   | caption1                 = Vallejo skyline viewed from the [[Napa River]]
   | image2                   = Vallejo City Hall and County Building Branch, 734 Marin St., Vallejo, CA 4-21-2013 2-17-21 PM.JPG
   | caption2                 = Vallejo Naval Museum
   | image3                   = Carquinez Bridge - panoramio (cropped).jpg
   | caption3                 = [[Carquinez Bridge]]
   | image4                   = USA-Vallejo-Mare Island-Quarters A (cropped).jpg
   | caption4                 = [[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]]
   | image5                   = USA-Vallejo-Masonic Temple-5 (cropped).jpg
   | caption5                 = Vallejo Masonic Temple
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| image_flag         = Flag of Vallejo, California.gif
| flag_siz123e       = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| nickname           = V-Town, The Old Capital, Valley Joe
| motto              = City of Opportunity, The Naval City
| image_map          = Solano County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Vallejo Highlighted.svg
| mapsize            = 250px
| map_caption        = Location in [[Solano County, California|Solano County]] and the state of [[California]]
| image_map1         = 
| mapsize1           = 
| map_caption1       = 
| pushpin_map        = #California##USA#
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in California##Location in the United States
<!-- Location ------------------>| coordinates        = {{coord|38|6|47|N|122|14|9|W|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[California]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Regions of California|Region]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[San Francisco Bay Area]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[List of counties in California|County]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Solano County, California|Solano]]
<!-- Politics ----------------->| established_title  = Founded
| established_date   = 1851
| established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date2  = March 30, 1868<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc |title=California Cities by Incorporation Date |format=Word |publisher=California Association of [[Local Agency Formation Commission]]s |access-date=August 25, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131017052413/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc |archive-date=October 17, 2013 }}</ref>
| named_for          = [[Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo]]
| government_type    = [[Mayor-council government|Mayor-council]]
| leader_title       = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name        = [[Mayor]] Andrea Sorce<br />[[Deputy mayor|Vice-Mayor]] Peter Bregenzer (District 5)<br />Alexander Matias (District 1)<br />Diosdado "JR" Matulac (District 2)<br />Dr. Tonia Lediju (District 3)<br />Charles Palmares (District 4)<br />Helen-Marie "Kookie" Gordon (District 6)<ref name="CityCouncilListing">{{cite web |title=Mayor & City Council |url= https://www.cityofvallejo.net/cms/one.aspx?portalid=16925451&pageid=17554178 |website=City of Vallejo |access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref>
| leader_title1      = [[City manager]]
| leader_name1       = Andrew Murray<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.cityofvallejo.net/cms/one.aspx?pageId=17554267 |title=City Manager |website=City of Vallejo |access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref>
| leader_title2      = [[California's 3rd State Senate district|State senator]]
| leader_name2       = {{Representative|casd|3|fmt=sleader}}<ref name="swd">{{Cite web |url= https://www.wedrawthelinesca.org/final_maps |title=Final Maps |publisher=We Draw the Lines CA |access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref>
| leader_title3      = [[California's 11th State Assembly district|Assemblymember]]
| leader_name3       = {{Representative|caad|11|fmt=sleader}}
| leader_title4      = [[California's 8th congressional district|U. S. rep.]]
| leader_name4       = {{Representative|cacd|8|fmt=usleader}}
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web |title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files |url= https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_06.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=July 1, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi   = 48.78
| area_total_km2     = 126.34
| area_land_sq_mi    = 30.50
| area_land_km2      = 79.01
| area_water_sq_mi   = 18.27
| area_water_km2     = 47.33
| area_water_percent = 38.0
| area_metro_km2     = 
| area_metro_sq_mi   = 
| elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite GNIS|1661612|Vallejo |access-date=October 22, 2014}}</ref>
| elevation_ft       = 69
| elevation_m        = 21
<!-- Population   ----------------------->| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_total   = 126090
| pop_est_as_of      = 
| pop_est_footnotes  = 
| population_est     = 
| population_rank    = [[Solano County, California|1st]] in Solano County<br />[[List of largest California cities by population|50th]] in California
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
| population_metro   = 
| population_density_metro_sq_mi = <!-- General information  --------------->
| timezone           = [[Pacific Time Zone|Pacific]]
| utc_offset         = &minus;8
| timezone_DST       = PDT
| utc_offset_DST     = &minus;7
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code        = 94589–94592
| area_code_type     = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| area_code          = [[Area code 707|707]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS]] code
| blank_info         = {{FIPS|06|81666}}
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature IDs
| blank1_info        = {{GNIS 4|1661612}}, {{GNIS 4|2412142}}
| website            = {{URL|https://cityofvallejo.net/}}
}}

'''Vallejo''' ({{IPAc-en|v|ə|ˈ|l|eɪ|(|h|)|oʊ}} {{respell|və|LAY|(h)oh}}; {{IPA|es|baˈʎexo|lang}}) is a city in [[Solano County, California]], United States, and the second largest city in the [[North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)|North Bay]] region of the [[San Francisco Bay Area|Bay Area]]. Located on the shores of [[San Pablo Bay]], the city had a population of 126,090 at the [[2020 United States census]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vallejo city, California |url= https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US0681666 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=September 16, 2022}}</ref> Vallejo is home to the [[California State University Maritime Academy|California Maritime Academy]], [[Touro University California]] and [[Six Flags Discovery Kingdom]].

Vallejo is named after [[Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo]], the famed [[Californio]] general and statesman. The city was founded in 1851 on Gen. Vallejo's [[Rancho Suscol]] to serve as the capital city of California, which it was 1852–1853, after which the [[Government of California|Californian government]] moved to neighboring [[Benicia, California|Benicia]], named in honor of Gen. Vallejo's wife [[Francisca Benicia Carrillo de Vallejo|Benicia Carrillo de Vallejo]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.citytowninfo.com/places/california/vallejo |title=Vallejo, California - City Information, Fast Facts, Schools, Colleges, and More |website=www.citytowninfo.com |access-date=January 17, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120211194532/http://www.citytowninfo.com/places/california/vallejo |archive-date=February 11, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]] was founded in 1854, and defined Vallejo's economy until the turn of the 21st century.

== History ==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2023}}
[[File:Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Vallejo is named after Don [[Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo]], the famed [[Californio]] general and statesman. The city was founded on his [[Rancho Suscol]].]]
Vallejo was once home of the [[Coast Miwok]] as well as [[Suisunes]] and other [[Patwin]] Native American tribes. There are three confirmed [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] sites located in the rock [[outcrop]]s in the hills above Blue Rock Springs Park. The California Archaeological Inventory has indicated that the three Indian sites are located on Sulphur Springs Mountain.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.cityofvallejo.net/our_city/about_vallejo/history |title=History |website=www.cityofvallejo.net}}</ref>

===Mexican era===
The city of Vallejo was once part of the {{convert|84000|acre|km2|0|adj=on}} [[Rancho Suscol]] Mexican land grant of 1843 by Governor [[Manuel Micheltorena]] to Gen. [[Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo]]. The city was named after this Mexican military officer and title holder who was appointed in settling and overseeing the North Bay region. Gen. Vallejo was responsible for military peace in the region and founded the pueblo of Sonoma in 1836.

In 1846, independence-minded Anglo immigrants rose up against the Mexican government of California in what would be known as the [[California Republic|Bear Flag Revolt]] which resulted in Gen. Vallejo's imprisonment in [[Sutter's Fort]]. This was subsequently followed by the annexation of the California Republic to the United States. Gen. Vallejo, though a Mexican army officer, generally acquiesced in the annexation of California to the United States, recognizing the greater resources of the United States and benefits that would bring to California.

===Post-Conquest era===
[[File:View of Vallejo when it was Capital of California (1852-1853).jpg|thumb|left|Vallejo circa 1852–53, when it served as the [[capital city]] of California and seat of the [[Government of California|Californian government]].]]

[[File:Mare Island Shipyard at Night 1.jpg|thumb|left|Founded in 1854, [[Mare Island Naval Shipyard|Mare Island]] was the first [[naval base]] on the [[West Coast of the United States|West Coast]].]]
In 1851, Vallejo was declared to become the official California State Capitol, with the new government prepared to meet for the first time the following year. In 1852, the legislature convened for the first time. However, Vallejo did not follow through with constructing a Capitol State Building for them to meet in. In 1853, it was again the meeting place for the legislature, solely for the purpose of moving the capitol officially to [[Benicia, California|Benicia]], which occurred on February 4, 1853, after only a month. [[Benicia, California|Benicia]] is named after Vallejo's wife, [[Francisca Benicia Carrillo de Vallejo|Benicia de Vallejo]]. After the legislature left, the government established a [[Mare Island Naval Shipyard|naval shipyard]] on [[Mare Island]], which helped the city overcome the loss. Due to the presence of the shipyard, Filipinos began to immigrate to Vallejo beginning in the first decades of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite book |first=Juanita |last=Tamayo Lott |author-link=Juanita Tamayo Lott |title=Common Destiny: Filipino American Generations |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_yD8ND6gMUsC&pg=PA2 |date=2006 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0-7425-4651-6 |page=2}}</ref> The yard functioned for over a hundred years, finally closing in 1996.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.vallejomuseum.org/vallejo_history.htm |title=Vallejo Naval & Historic Museum - Welcome! |website=www.vallejomuseum.org |access-date=June 28, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070627095107/http://www.vallejomuseum.org/vallejo_history.htm |archive-date=June 27, 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The U.S. government appointed the influential Vallejo as Indian agent for Northern California. He also served on the state constitutional convention in 1849. Afterward, Vallejo remained active in state politics, but challenges to his land titles around Sonoma eventually left him impoverished and reduced his ranch from 250,000 acres to a mere 300. He eventually retired from public life, questioning the wisdom of his having welcomed the American acquisition of California in the first place. Vallejo died in 1890, a symbol of the eclipse of Californio wealth, power, and prestige.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/biographies/mariano_guadalupe_vallejo.html |title=The U.S.-Mexican War Biographies. Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo - PBS |website=www.pbs.org |access-date=September 17, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170917060728/http://www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/biographies/mariano_guadalupe_vallejo.html |archive-date=September 17, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:05976-Vallejo-1905-Stadt und Hafen-Brück & Sohn Kunstverlag (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|View of Vallejo in 1905.]]
Although the town is named after General Vallejo, the man regarded as the true founder of Vallejo is General [[John B. Frisbie]].<ref name="Lucy">{{cite journal |last1=Lucy |first1=Thomas |title=General John Frisbie, Solano Entrepreneur |journal=Solano Historian |date=December 1985 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=1-3 |url=https://ia600906.us.archive.org/19/items/SolanoHistorianDecember1985/solanohistoriandec1985.pdf}}</ref>  Even before his daughter Epifania had formally married Frisbie, Vallejo had already granted him [[power of attorney]] over the land grant.<ref name="Lucy" /> It was Frisbie who hired E. H. Rowe, the man who designed the city layout and who named the east–west streets after states and the north–south streets after California counties.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.visitvallejo.com/about-vallejo/ |title=Visit Vallejo, California – City of Vallejo, CA |website=www.visitvallejo.com |access-date=May 11, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090503114134/http://www.visitvallejo.com/about-vallejo/ |archive-date=May 3, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Modern era===
[[File:Mare Island Naval Shipyard, CA Hospital 1920s Ward Addition Historic Photo (460604745).jpg|thumb|right|[[Mare Island Naval Shipyard|Mare Island]] Hospital in the 1920s.]]

[[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]] was a critical submarine facility during WW II, both for constructing and overhauling vessels.

Downtown Vallejo retains many of its historic [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] and [[American Craftsman|Craftsman]] homes.

On May 6, 2008, the city council voted 7–0 to file for [[Chapter 9 bankruptcy]], at the time becoming the largest California city to do so.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vallejo, California Chapter 9 Voluntary Petition |url= https://www.pacermonitor.com/view/CG4CPBI/Vallejo_CA__caebke-08-26813__0001.0.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160810230956/https://www.pacermonitor.com/view/CG4CPBI/Vallejo_CA__caebke-08-26813__0001.0.pdf |archive-date=August 10, 2016 |access-date=June 22, 2016 |website=PacerMonitor}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Jones |first=Carolyn |date=May 7, 2008 |title=Vallejo votes to declare Chapter 9 bankruptcy |work=The San Francisco Chronicle |url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/05/07/BACH10HUK6.DTL |url-status=dead |access-date=October 21, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080606095553/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2008%2F05%2F07%2FBACH10HUK6.DTL |archive-date=June 6, 2008}}</ref> Stephanie Gomes, Vallejo City Councilwoman, largely blamed exorbitant salaries and benefits for Vallejo firefighters and police officers. Reportedly, salaries and benefits for public safety workers accounted for at least 80 percent of Vallejo's general-fund budget. On November 1, 2011, a federal judge released Vallejo from bankruptcy after nearly three years.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/11/01/BARI1LPAHN.DTL |title=Vallejo's bankruptcy ends after 3 tough years |first=Carolyn |last=Jones |date=November 2, 2011 |newspaper=The San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=April 22, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111102124147/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2011%2F11%2F01%2FBARI1LPAHN.DTL |archive-date=November 2, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Geography ==
[[File:Napa River in Vallejo.jpg|thumb|left|280px|Aerial view of Vallejo, showing [[San Pablo Bay]] to the center left and the [[Napa River]] dividing mainland Vallejo from [[Mare Island]] in the bottom left.]]
According to [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|49.5|sqmi|km2}}. Land area is {{convert|30.7|sqmi|km2}}, and {{convert|18.9|sqmi|km2}} (38.09%) is water. The [[Napa River]] flows until it changes into the Mare Island Strait in Vallejo which then flows into [[San Pablo Bay]], in the northeastern part of [[San Francisco Bay]].

Vallejo is located on the southwestern edge of [[Solano County, California]] in the [[North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)|North Bay]] region of the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] in Northern California. Vallejo borders the city of [[Benicia, California|Benicia]] to the east, American Canyon and the Napa county line to the north, the [[Carquinez Strait]] to the south and the [[San Pablo Bay]] to the west.

Several faults have been mapped in the vicinity of Vallejo. The [[San Andreas Fault]] and [[Hayward Fault]]s are the most [[active fault]]s, although the San Andreas is at some distance. Locally, the Sulphur Springs Valley Thrust Fault and Southampton Fault are found. No quaternary seismic activity along these minor faults has been observed with the possible exception of a slight offset revealed by trenching. The Sulphur Mountain and Green Valley faults have been associated with the [[Concord Fault]] to the south. The Concord Fault is considered active. 
[[File:Carquinez Strait aerial view.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Carquinez Bridge]] spans the [[Carquinez Strait]], connecting Vallejo (left) to [[Contra Costa County, California|Contra Costa]] (right).]]
Historically there have been local [[cinnabar]] mines in the Vallejo area.<ref>C.Michael Hogan, Marc Papineau et al., ''Environmental Assessment of the Columbus Parkway Widening between Ascot Parkway and the Northgate Development, Vallejo'', Earth Metrics Inc. Report 7853, California State Clearinghouse, Sept 1989</ref>  The [[Hastings Mine]] and [[St. John's Mine]] contribute ongoing water contamination for [[mercury (element)|mercury]]; furthermore, mine shaft development has depleted much of this area's spring water. Both [[Rindler Creek]] and [[Blue Rock Springs Creek]] have been affected.

=== Climate ===
Vallejo has a mild, coastal [[Mediterranean climate]] and can be an average of {{convert|10|°F|°C|abbr=on}} cooler than nearby inland cities. Vallejo is influenced by its position on the northeastern shore of San Pablo Bay, but is less sheltered from heatwaves than areas directly on or nearer the Pacific Ocean/Golden Gate such as [[San Francisco]] and [[Oakland]]. Although slightly less marine, average temperatures range between {{convert|8|C|F}} in January and {{convert|19.8|C|F}} in July.<ref name="Weatherbase">{{cite web |url= http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=470640&cityname=Vallejo-California-United-States-of-America |title=Vallejo, California Temperature Averages |publisher=Weatherbase |access-date=March 5, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150402091549/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=470640&cityname=Vallejo-California-United-States-of-America |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> However, summer is very long with June–September being almost equal in historical average temperatures. This [[seasonal lag]] sees October averages being higher than in May<ref name="Weatherbase" /> in spite of it being after the [[Equinox]] (meaning less daylight than darkness).

<!-- Do not change unless you find a new source to link to. -->
{{Weather box|location = Vallejo
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 29.4
|Feb record high C = 30.0
|Mar record high C = 33.3
|Apr record high C = 35.0
|May record high C = 40.0
|Jun record high C = 46.0
|Jul record high C = 44.4
|Aug record high C = 43.3
|Sep record high C = 43.3
|Oct record high C = 41.1
|Nov record high C = 32.2
|Dec record high C = 27.2
|year record high C = 46.0
|Jan high C = 13.9
|Feb high C = 16.4
|Mar high C = 18.4
|Apr high C = 20.9
|May high C = 23.6
|Jun high C = 26.1
|Jul high C = 26.6
|Aug high C = 27.7
|Sep high C = 27.8
|Oct high C = 24.7
|Nov high C = 18.8
|Dec high C = 14.2
|year high C = 21.6
|Jan mean C = 8.7
|Feb mean C = 10.6
|Mar mean C = 11.9
|Apr mean C = 13.7
|May mean C = 16.2
|Jun mean C = 18.7
|Jul mean C = 19.8
|Aug mean C = 19.7
|Sep mean C = 19.3
|Oct mean C = 16.7
|Nov mean C = 12.4
|Dec mean C = 9.0
|year mean C = 14.7
|Jan low C = 3.5
|Feb low C = 4.9
|Mar low C = 5.6
|Apr low C = 6.5
|May low C = 8.7
|Jun low C = 10.7
|Jul low C = 11.9
|Aug low C = 11.7
|Sep low C = 10.8
|Oct low C = 8.8
|Nov low C = 5.9
|Dec low C = 3.8
|year low C = 7.7
|Jan record low C = -7.2
|Feb record low C = -5.0
|Mar record low C = -5.0
|Apr record low C = -2.8
|May record low C = -1.1
|Jun record low C = 1.1
|Jul record low C = 3.3
|Aug record low C = 0.0
|Sep record low C = 2.2
|Oct record low C = -2.2
|Nov record low C = -3.0
|Dec record low C = -10.0
|year record low C = -10.0
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 131
|Feb precipitation mm = 112
|Mar precipitation mm = 84
|Apr precipitation mm = 42
|May precipitation mm = 18
|Jun precipitation mm = 5
|Jul precipitation mm = 0
|Aug precipitation mm = 2
|Sep precipitation mm = 8
|Oct precipitation mm = 35
|Nov precipitation mm = 76
|Dec precipitation mm = 116
|year precipitation mm = 627
|Jan precipitation days = 11
|Feb precipitation days = 10
|Mar precipitation days = 9
|Apr precipitation days = 6
|May precipitation days = 3
|Jun precipitation days = 1
|Jul precipitation days = 0
|Aug precipitation days = 0
|Sep precipitation days = 1
|Oct precipitation days = 4
|Nov precipitation days = 8
|Dec precipitation days = 10
|year precipitation days = 63
|source 1 = <ref name="Weatherbase" />
}}

== Demographics ==
{{US Census population
|1870= 2188
|1880= 5987
|1890= 6343
|1900= 7965
|1910= 11340
|1920= 21107
|1930= 16072
|1940= 20072
|1950= 26038
|1960= 60877
|1970= 71710
|1980= 80303
|1990= 109199
|2000= 116760
|2010= 115942
|2020= 126090
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web |url= https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html |title=Decennial Census by Decade |publisher=[[US Census Bureau]] |access-date=}}</ref><br /> 2010<ref name="2010CensusP2" /> 2020<ref name="2020CensusP2" />
}}

Vallejo was named the most diverse city in the United States in a 2012 study by Brown University based on 2010 census data,<ref>{{cite news |first=Jessica |last=Cumberbatch Anderson |title=Most and Least Diverse Cities: Brown University Study Evaluates Diversity in the U.S. |url= https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/07/most-least-diverse-cities-brown-university-study_n_1865715.html |access-date=October 22, 2018 |work=Huffington Post |date=September 7, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180920025658/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/07/most-least-diverse-cities-brown-university-study_n_1865715.html |archive-date=September 20, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first1=Barrett A. |last1=Lee |first2=John |last2=Iceland |first3=Gregory |last3=Sharp |title=Racial and Ethnic Diversity Goes Local: Charting Change in American Communities over Three Decades |url= https://s4.ad.brown.edu/Projects/Diversity/Data/Report/report08292012.pdf |website=Brown University |publisher=US2010 Project |date=September 2012 |access-date=October 23, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180920030800/https://s4.ad.brown.edu/Projects/Diversity/Data/Report/report08292012.pdf |archive-date=September 20, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> and the most diverse city in California by a Niche study based on 2017 American Community Survey data.<ref>{{cite web |last=Wittstein |first=Ben |title=The most diverse place in every state: Vallejo, California |url= https://www.msn.com/en-us/lifestyle/smart-living/the-most-diverse-place-in-every-state/ss-AAygDMl?li=BBnb7Kz#image=6 |website=MSN |date=June 4, 2018 |access-date=August 21, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180821223522/https://www.msn.com/en-us/lifestyle/smart-living/the-most-diverse-place-in-every-state/ss-AAygDMl?li=BBnb7Kz#image=6 |archive-date=August 21, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2022, Vallejo was again named the most diverse small town in America, with a 77% chance any two residents would be of a different census racial category.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://247wallst.com/special-report/2022/02/13/most-diverse-small-cities/6/ |title=Most Diverse Small Cities – Page 6 – 24/7 Wall St}}</ref> Hispanics comprise 28% of the local population, 23% are White, 23% are Asian, 19% are Black, and 7% are of mixed or other heritages.

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Vallejo city, California – Racial and Ethnic Composition'''<br />
!Race / ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name="2000CensusP004">{{Cite web |title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Vallejo city, California |url= https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US0681666&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name="2010CensusP2">{{Cite web |title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race –- 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Vallejo city, California |url= https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US0681666&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name="2020CensusP2">{{Cite web |title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race –- 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Vallejo city, California |url= https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US0681666&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|35,533
|28,946
|style='background: #ffffe6; |26,440
|30.43%
|24.97%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |20.97%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|27,201
|24,876
|style='background: #ffffe6; |24,446
|23.30%
|21.46%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |19.39%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|547
|453
|style='background: #ffffe6; |431
|0.47%
|0.39%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.34%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|27,829
|28,386
|style='background: #ffffe6; |29,152
|23.83%
|24.48%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |23.12%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|1,188
|1,159
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,255
|1.02%
|1.00%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1.00%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some other race]] alone (NH)
|312
|304
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,037
|0.27%
|0.26%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.82%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or multi-racial]] (NH)
|5,559
|5,653
|style='background: #ffffe6; |7,494
|4.76%
|4.88%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |5.94%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|18,591
|26,165
|style='background: #ffffe6; |35,835
|15.92%
|22.57%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |28.42%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''116,760'''
|'''115,942'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''126,090'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}
{{hatnote inline|Note: the U.S. Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.}}

=== 2010 ===
[[File:Vallejo Bible Church, 448 Carolina St., Vallejo, CA 4-21-2013 2-11-50 PM.JPG|thumb|left|Vallejo Bible Church.]]
[[File:B'nai Israel conservative Jewish synagogue in Vallejo, California.jpg|thumb|left|B'nai Israel Jewish synagogue.]]

The [[2010 United States census]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0681666 |title=2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – Vallejo city |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=July 12, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170119135627/http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0681666 |archive-date=January 19, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> reported that Vallejo had a population of 115,942. The population density was {{convert|2,340.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of Vallejo was 38,066 (32.9%) [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 25,572 (22.1%) [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 757 (0.7%) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 28,895 (24.9%) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] (21.1% [[Filipino Americans|Filipino]], 1.0% Indian, 0.9% Chinese, 0.5% Vietnamese, 0.2% Japanese, 0.2% Korean, 0.1% Laotian), 1,239 (1.1%) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 12,759 (11.0%) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 8,656 (7.5%) from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 26,165 persons (22.6%). [[European-Americans|Non-Hispanic Whites]] numbered 28,946 persons (25.0%).<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.census.gov |title=U.S. Census website |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 22, 2014}}</ref>

The Census reported that 114,279 people (98.6% of the population) lived in households, 1,130 (1.0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 533 (0.5%) were institutionalized.

There were 40,559 households, out of which 14,398 (35.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 17,819 (43.9%) were [[marriage|opposite-sex married couples]] living together, 7,214 (17.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,755 (6.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,804 (6.9%) [[POSSLQ|unmarried opposite-sex partnerships]], and 497 (1.2%) [[same-sex partnerships|same-sex married couples or partnerships]]. 9,870 households (24.3%) were made up of individuals, and 3,255 (8.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82. There were 27,788 [[family (U.S. Census)|families]] (68.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.36.

The population was spread out, with 26,911 people (23.2%) under the age of 18, 11, 69 people (10.1%) aged 18 to 24, 30,053 people (25.9%) aged 25 to 44, 33,312 people (28.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 13,999 people (12.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.

There were 44,433 housing units at an average density of {{convert|896.9|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}, of which 24,188 (59.6%) were owner-occupied, and 16,371 (40.4%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 9.4%. 68,236 people (58.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 46,043 people (39.7%) lived in rental housing units.

=== 2000 ===
[[File:Vallejo Historic City Hall, 715 Marin St., Vallejo, California (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Downtown Vallejo.]]
[[File:USA-Vallejo-First United Methodist Church-5 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|First United Methodist Church.]]
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url= https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 116,760 people, 39,601 households, and 28,235 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1,493.3|/km2|/mi2|abbr=on}}. There were 41,219 housing units at an average density of {{convert|527.2|/km2|/mi2|abbr=on}}. The racial makeup of the city was 35.97% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 23.69% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.66% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 24.16% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.09% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 7.88% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 6.56% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 15.92% of the population.

As of 2000, residents with Filipino ancestry made up 20.74% of Vallejo's population.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://vallejo.areaconnect.com/statistics.htm |title=Vallejo Population and Demographics (Vallejo, CA) |website=vallejo.areaconnect.com |access-date=April 4, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110707160328/http://vallejo.areaconnect.com/statistics.htm |archive-date=July 7, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>  As of 2009, Vallejo is the [[List of cities and municipalities in the San Francisco Bay Area|9th]] largest city in the San Francisco Bay Area, [[List of largest cities in California by population|50th]] in the state of California, and [[List of United States cities by population|215th]] in the U.S. by population.

There were 39,601 households, out of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.7% were non-families. 22.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.43.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $47,030, and the median income for a family was $53,805. Males had a median income of $40,132 versus $32,129 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $20,415. About 7.7% of families and 10.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 64 or over.
[[File:Vallejo's Mad Hatter Holiday Parade 2017 (39621272181) (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Vallejo's Mad Hatter Holiday Parade.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Demographic profile !! 2010<ref>{{cite web |url= http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0681666.html |title=Vallejo (city), California |work=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=February 23, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120910062832/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0681666.html |archive-date=September 10, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> !! 1990<ref name="census1">{{cite web |title=California&nbsp;— Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url= https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |access-date=March 18, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> !! 1970<ref name="census1" /> !! 1950<ref name="census1" />
|-
| [[White American|White]] || 32.8% || 50.5% || 78.2% || 90.8%
|-
|&nbsp;—[[Non-Hispanic whites|Non-Hispanic]] || 25.0% || 46.2% || N/A || N/A
|-
| [[African American|Black or African American]] || 22.1% || 21.2% || 16.6% || 5.8%
|-
| [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (of any race) || 22.6% || 10.8% || 6.1% || N/A
|-
| [[Asian American|Asian]] || 24.9% || 23.0% || 4.1% || 0.6%
|}

== Economy ==
[[File:Mare Island Bridge (4707405466) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Since the closure of the [[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]] in 1996, the federal, state, and city governments have funded the continuing redevelopment of [[Mare Island]] into a [[mixed-use development|mixed-use]] district.]]
[[File:DK From Parking Lot (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|[[Six Flags Discovery Kingdom]].]]
As the second largest city in the [[North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)|North Bay]] region of the [[Bay Area]], Vallejo is a regional economic hub for the North Bay and specifically [[Solano County, California|Solano County]].

;Top employers
According to the city's 2024 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,<ref>{{cite web |title=Annual Comprehensive Financial Report for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2024 |url=https://vallejoca.hosted.civiclive.com/common/pages/GetFile.ashx?key=ArURAexL |access-date= |website=City of Vallejo}}</ref> the top employers in the city are:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! Employer
! # of Employees
|-
| 1
|[[Kaiser Permanente]] Medical Center
|2,735
|-
|2
|[[Vallejo City Unified School District]]
|2,160
|-
|3
| [[Six Flags Discovery Kingdom]]
|1,660
|-
|4
|Kaiser Permanente Advice & Call Center
|830
|-
|5
|[[Sutter Solano Medical Center]]
|600
|-
|6
|City of Vallejo
|598
|-
|7
|U.S. Forest Service
|400
|-
|8
|California Highway Patrol
|300
|-
|9
|U.S. Postal Service
|215
|-
|10
|[[California State University Maritime Academy|California Maritime Academy]]
|208
|}

==Arts and culture==
{{More citations needed|section|date=July 2023}}
[[File:USA-Vallejo-332 Georgia Street (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|The historic Bank of Italy.]]
In recent years, Vallejo has attracted a large community of artists to the region in search of lower rent and larger work-spaces.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Vallejo-sees-influx-of-artists-from-pricier-areas-4969324.php |title=Vallejo sees influx of artists from pricier areas |newspaper=Sfgate |date=November 9, 2013 |access-date=September 5, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160916151059/http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Vallejo-sees-influx-of-artists-from-pricier-areas-4969324.php |archive-date=September 16, 2016 |url-status=live |last1=Said |first1=Carolyn}}</ref> Artists pushed out of larger Bay Area cities like San Francisco and Oakland have been working with city leaders to revitalize the once blighted downtown area.

The artist-run Vallejo Art Walk scheduled on the second Friday of every month in downtown Vallejo has been recognized as a hub for artists in the Bay Area and the entirety of California.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2016/02/22/a-trip-to-the-up-bay-in-search-of-vallejos-burgeoning-art-community/ |title=A Trip to the 'Up-Bay' in Search of Vallejo's Burgeoning Art Community |date=February 22, 2016 |access-date=September 5, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160915154259/https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2016/02/22/a-trip-to-the-up-bay-in-search-of-vallejos-burgeoning-art-community/ |archive-date=September 15, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== LGBTQ community ===
As early as the 1940s and before, Vallejo is known to have had a well-formed gay community, which was a short drive or boat ride away from San Francisco.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXSpLUxgKO4 |title=1947 – Weekend in Vallejo – GLBT Historical Society |publisher=YouTube |date=September 4, 2006 |access-date=May 30, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130720004756/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXSpLUxgKO4 |archive-date=July 20, 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> At one time, Vallejo boasted eight gay bars. After a migration of [[Homosexuality|gays and lesbians]] from [[San Francisco]] in the decade 2000–2009,<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.ebar.com/pride/article.php?sec=pride&article=74 |work=The Bay Area Reporter |title=A ferry ride away, Vallejo continues to attract SF gays. |first=Matthew |last=Bajko |date=June 26, 2008 |access-date=September 14, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120323120925/http://www.ebar.com/pride/article.php?sec=pride&article=74 |archive-date=March 23, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> openly gay members of the community encountered what they described as a backlash against them. The [[Vallejo City Unified School District|school district]] was threatened by the [[American Civil Liberties Union|ACLU]] with a lawsuit for harassment on behalf of a 17-year-old lesbian by school administrators. The school settled the lawsuit with the student. The school agreed to pay her $25,000, adopt a more stringent non-discrimination policy, and include a curriculum that positively portrayed gay and lesbian people.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.aclunc.org/cases/closed_cases/rochelle_h._v._vallejo_city_unified_school_district.shtml |work=ACLU of Northern California |title=Rochelle H. v. Vallejo City Unified School District |first=Elizabeth |last=Gill |date=June 30, 2009 |access-date=September 14, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110810100610/http://www.aclunc.org/cases/closed_cases/rochelle_h._v._vallejo_city_unified_school_district.shtml |archive-date=August 10, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Government ==
{{See also|Government of Solano County, California}}
[[File:Golden bear (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|280px|The ''[[Golden Bear (ship)|Golden Bear]]'', the training ship of [[California State University Maritime Academy]].]]
The Government of Vallejo is defined under the Charter of the City of Vallejo. It is a [[council–manager government]] and consists of the Mayor, City Council, and numerous departments and officers under the supervision of the City Manager, such as the Vallejo Police Department, Vallejo Fire Department, Vallejo Public Works Department, and Vallejo Economic Development Department. As of February 2023, the council consists of Robert McConnell (Mayor), Rozanna Verder-Aliga (Vice Mayor), Diosdado "JR" Matulac, Mina Loera-Diaz, Charles Palmares, Peter Bregenzer, and Cristina Arriola.

Residents of Vallejo participate in elections for Solano County Board of Supervisors Districts 1 and 2. As of November 2022, these seats were represented by Supervisors Erin Hannigan and Monica Brown, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Board Members |url= https://solanocounty.com/depts/bos/members/default.asp |access-date=April 2, 2023 |website=Solano County}}</ref>
[[File:Veterans Memorial Building, 444 Alabama St., Vallejo, CA 4-21-2013 2-31-57 PM.JPG|thumb|left|The Veterans Memorial Building.]]
In the [[California State Legislature]], Vallejo is in {{Representative|casd|3|fmt=sdistrict}}, and in {{Representative|caad|14|fmt=adistrict}}.<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://statewidedatabase.org/gis/gis2011/index_2011.html |title=Statewide Database |publisher=UC Regents |access-date=November 23, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150201113744/http://statewidedatabase.org/gis/gis2011/index_2011.html |archive-date=February 1, 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In the [[United States House of Representatives]], it's in {{Representative|cacd|5|fmt=district}}.<ref>{{Cite GovTrack|CA|5 |access-date=March 3, 2013}}</ref>

In 2008 the government of Vallejo filed for bankruptcy.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hicken |first=Melanie |date=March 10, 2014 |title=Two years after emerging from bankruptcy, California's Vallejo still struggling to pay the bills |url= https://money.cnn.com/2014/03/10/pf/vallejo-pensions/index.html |access-date=July 20, 2023}}</ref> A judge declared the bankruptcy over in 2011, but analysts have noted that the city did little to resolve its largest expense—public pensions—and may face a second round of bankruptcy.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mendel |first=Ed |date=January 21, 2019 |title=Vallejo no longer bankrupt but budget gap grows |language=en |url= https://calpensions.com/2019/01/21/vallejo-no-longer-bankrupt-but-budget-gap-grows/ |access-date=July 20, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Shedlock |first=Mike |date=October 1, 2013 |title=VALLEJO FACES 2ND BANKRUPTCY BECAUSE THEY DIDN'T RESTRUCTURE PENSIONS |work=California Policy Center |url= https://californiapolicycenter.org/union-watch-highlights-146/ |access-date=July 20, 2023}}</ref>

As of September 2022, there were 69,546 registered voters in Vallejo; of these, 40,818 (58.7%) are Democrats, 8,751 (12.6%) are Republicans, and 15,612 (22.4%) stated no party preference.

=== Participatory budgeting ===
On April 17, 2012, the City Council approved the first citywide [[participatory budgeting]] (PB) process in the United States. The Council allocated $3.4&nbsp;million to the Vallejo PB process and since then, Vallejo residents and business and property owners have been developing and designing project ideas. They have vetted and reduced more than 800 project ideas to 36 projects that will be on the ballot. Vallejo residents 14 years of age and older will vote and choose six out of 36 projects to vote on from May 11 through May 18, 2013.

The second cycle of participatory budgeting in Vallejo was initiated on February 4, 2014, with $2.4&nbsp;million allocated. A public vote open to all residents of Vallejo age 16 and over took place in October 2014.

===Police===
{{Main|Shooting of Willie McCoy|Shooting of Sean Monterrosa}}
{{see also|American Nightmare (TV series)}}
Vallejo has had one of California's highest rates of police killings in recent years.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Bauer |first=Shane |date=November 16, 2020 |title=How a Deadly Police Force Ruled a City |language=en-US |magazine=The New Yorker |url= https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/11/23/how-a-deadly-police-force-ruled-a-city |access-date=July 19, 2023 |issn=0028-792X}}</ref> A 2023 ''[[Vallejo Sun]]'' story described Vallejo's police department as "one of California’s most deadly."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Morris |first=Scott |date=February 28, 2023 |title=Former Vallejo police chief ignored badge bending for years, testimony alleges |language=en |work=Vallejo Sun |url= https://www.vallejosun.com/former-vallejo-police-chief-ignored-badge-bending-for-years-testimony-alleges/ |access-date=July 19, 2023}}</ref> In 2020, the department engaged a consulting firm to assess how to address extensive killings by its officers. The firm issued 45 recommendations, which were endorsed by the California attorney general; but according to reporting from the ''[[Vallejo Free Press]]'' and ''[[ProPublica]]'', only two of the recommendations had been fully implemented by 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sault |first=Laurence Du |date=November 8, 2022 |title=Vallejo police reforms stall despite scrutiny over killings |language=en-US |work=[[Vallejo Free Press]] |url= https://openvallejo.org/2022/11/08/vallejo-police-reforms-stall-despite-scrutiny-over-killings/ |access-date=July 19, 2023}}</ref>

Vallejo has seen a rate of killings by police officers that is significantly higher than the national average and other Bay Area cities. These incidents included the fatal [[shooting of Willie McCoy]] by six officers in 2019 and the [[shooting of Sean Monterrosa]], who was unarmed, during [[George Floyd protests in California|protests]] following the [[murder of George Floyd]] in 2020. One of the officers who killed McCoy had previously killed an unarmed man as he fled, while another killed three men over a five-month period and was later promoted.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/04/vallejo-police-kill-unarmed-man-california |title=Vallejo police kill unarmed 22-year-old, who was on his knees with his hands up |date=June 4, 2020 |access-date=June 4, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |first=Sam |last=Levin}}</ref> Vallejo Police killed 19 people between 2010 and 2020.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/13/vallejo-california-police-violence-sean-monterrosa |title=19 dead in a decade: the small American city where violent police thrive |date=June 13, 2020 |access-date=June 13, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |first=Sam |last=Levin}}</ref> In 2012, police shootings accounted for six of the 20 homicides to occur in the city, and the frequency of officer-involved shootings stood at around 38 times the national rate.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.kqed.org/news/135682/amid-a-series-of-vallejo-police-shootings-one-officers-name-stands-out |title=Questions Surround Surge in Vallejo Police Shootings |date=May 20, 2014 |access-date=June 4, 2020 |publisher=[[KQED Inc.|KQED]] |first=Alex |last=Emslie}}</ref>

== Education ==
[[File:Touro University California, Wilderman Hall, Mare Island, California - panoramio (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|[[Touro University California]].]]
Vallejo is served by one school district: the Vallejo City Unified School District (VCUSD). The city is also served by a community college district, private schools, and colleges.

=== Vallejo City Unified School District ===
The Vallejo City Unified School District (VCUSD) includes the following campuses:

==== High schools ====

* Jesse Bethel High School
* Vallejo High School
* St. Patrick-St. Vincent High School

==== Middle schools ====

* Cave Language Academy (TK-8)
* Caliber ChangeMaker's Academy (TK-8)
* Dr. James J. Hogan Middle School
* Loma Vista Environmental Science Academy (K-8)
* Mare Island Health & Fitness Academy (K-8)
* Solano Elsa Widenmann Leadership Academy (K-8)
* Vallejo Charter School (K-8)

==== Elementary schools ====
[[File:Christmas 1896.jpg|thumb|Annie Pennycook was a teacher and principal in the Vallejo schools for more than 40 years. Christmas Day, 1896, she hosted a holiday gathering of her close friends - among those who enjoyed the festivities were A.E. Lucy, Lavina Bushnell, Ethel Cutler, Jean Brownlie, Estelle Lucy, Grace Brownlie, Maud Harrier, Maud Rounds, Belle Roney, A.L. Halliday, John Rothschild, Milton Cutler, G.G. Halliday, B. Beinenfeld, L.G. Harrier, Will Green, Johnston Cooper, James Topley, and Herbert Diamond. ]]

* Annie Pennycook Elementary School

* Cave Language Academy (TK-8)
* Dan Mini Elementary School
* Federal Terrace Elementary School
* Glen Cove Elementary School
* Grace Patterson Elementary School
* Highland Elementary School
* Johnston H. Cooper Elementary School
* Lincoln Elementary School
* Loma Vista Environmental Science Academy (K-8)
* Mare Island Health & Fitness Academy (K-8)
* Solano Elsa Widenmann Leadership Academy (K-8)
* Steffan Manor Elementary School
* Vallejo Charter School (K-8)
* Wardlaw Elementary School

==== Alternate schools and programs ====

* John Finney Education Complex
* Vallejo Regional Education Center (adult school)

=== Private schools ===
Private institutions with campuses in Vallejo include:

* Jia Christian Academy
* Mustard Seed Preschool and Kindergarten
* St. Basil Catholic School<ref>{{Cite web |title=St. Basil Catholic School |url= https://stbasilschool.org/ |access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref>
* North Hills Christian School<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Hills Christian School |url= https://school.north-hills.org/ |access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref>
* [[St. Catherine of Siena School (Vallejo, California)|St. Catherine of Siena School]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://scstars.net/ |title=St. Catherine of Siena School, Vallejo CA |website=scstars.net |access-date=May 16, 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090518024450/http://www.scstars.net/ |archive-date=May 18, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[St. Patrick-St. Vincent High School]]
* [[Starting Gate School]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.startinggateschool.com/ |title=startinggateschool.com - Home |website=www.startinggateschool.com |access-date=February 21, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130719033355/http://startinggateschool.com/ |archive-date=July 19, 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Universities and colleges ===
Vallejo is within the [[Solano Community College]] district. The college has two campuses in Vallejo: the Vallejo Center, which is located along Columbus Parkway; and the Auto Tech Center, which is located along North Ascot Parkway.
*[[California Maritime Academy]] (part of the [[California State University|CSU]] system)
*[[Touro University California]]

=== Closed schools ===
Schools that once served the Vallejo community include:<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rohrs |first=Sarah |date=2007-12-02 |title=Vallejo reflects on 86 years at Curry School |url=https://www.timesheraldonline.com/2007/12/02/vallejo-reflects-on-86-years-at-curry-school/ |access-date=2025-04-11 |website=Times Herald Online |language=en-US}}</ref>

* Beverly Hills Elementary School
* Carquinez Elementary School
* [[Charles F. Curry]] Elementary School (opened 1921, closed in 1981, demolished 2007)<ref name=":0" />
* McKinley Elementary School<ref name=":0" />
* Grant Elementary School<ref name=":0" />
* Roosevelt Elementary School<ref name=":0" />
* Benjamin Franklin Middle School<ref name=":0" /> (closed 2020)
* Solano Junior High School
* Springstowne Junior High
* Hogan High School
* James Marshall Hendricks High School
* People's Alternative School

== Transportation ==
[[File:Vallejo - panoramio (17) (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|[[Vallejo Station|Vallejo Ferry Terminal]], served by the [[San Francisco Bay Ferry]].]]
Vallejo's public transit includes the [[San Francisco Bay Ferry]], which regularly runs from [[Vallejo Station|downtown Vallejo]] to the [[San Francisco Ferry Building]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vallejo Ferry Schedule |url=https://vallejoferryschedule.net/ |access-date=2025-04-08 |website=vallejoferryschedule.net}}</ref> as well as [[Amtrak Thruway]]. [[SolTrans]] buses carry passengers around the cities of Vallejo and Benicia, and offers express service to [[Fairfield, California]], and [[Bay Area Rapid Transit]] stations in [[El Cerrito, California]] and [[Walnut Creek, California]]. The Vallejo Transit Center, located next to [[Vallejo Station]] is a hub for several bus lines at 311 Sacramento Street.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://soltrans.org/getting-around/transit-hubs/vallejo-transit-center-vtc/ |title=Vallejo Transit Center (VTC)}}</ref>

The [[Amtrak Thruway#7|Amtrak Thruway 7]] bus makes two stops in Vallejo daily; one at [[Vallejo Station]], and one at [[Six Flags Discovery Kingdom]]. From there, connections are available to [[Martinez station|Martinez]] to the south, and [[Arcata, California|Arcata]] to the north.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://amtraksanjoaquins.com/route-7/ |title=Route 7 |website=Amtrak San Joaquins}}</ref>

Vallejo is accessible by [[Interstate 80 in California|Interstate 80]] between [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]] and [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]], and is the location for the northern half of the [[Carquinez Bridge]]. It is also accessible by [[Interstate 780]] from neighboring [[Benicia, California|Benicia]] to the east, and by [[California State Route 37|Route 37]] from [[Marin County, California|Marin County]] to the west. [[California State Route 29|Route 29]] (former [[U.S. Route 40 in California|U.S. Route 40]]) begins in the city near the Carquinez Bridge and travels north through the heart of the city and beyond into [[Napa County, California|Napa County]].

== Media ==
[[File:Mare Island Ferry Terminal from Vallejo, May 2019.JPG|thumb|right|[[Mare Island]] ferry terminal, served by the [[San Francisco Bay Ferry]].]]
The principal local newspaper is the [[Vallejo Times Herald]]. The community is also served by the Vallejo Independent Bulletin and by Vallejo Community Access Television (VCAT 27).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.ibvallejo.com/ |title=Vallejo Independent Bulletin |publisher=Ibvallejo.com |date=May 9, 2012 |access-date=May 30, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120510094305/http://www.ibvallejo.com/ |archive-date=May 10, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://bayarea.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/11/20/the-burning-voice-of-vallejo/ |work=The Bay Area |publisher=The New York Times |first=Scott |last=James |title=The Burning Voice of Vallejo |date=November 20, 2009 |access-date=May 6, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091121194521/http://bayarea.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/11/20/the-burning-voice-of-vallejo/ |archive-date=November 21, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="vcat">{{cite web |url= http://vcat.tv/ |website=vcat.tv |title=Vallejo Community Access Television |access-date=August 21, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191026224005/http://www.vcat.tv/ |archive-date=October 26, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Open Vallejo - Knowledge is power. Power to the people. |url= https://openvallejo.org/ |access-date=October 25, 2020 |website=Open Vallejo |language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Open Vallejo]] is an independent, nonprofit public interest newsroom primarily focused on [[Investigative journalism|investigative]] and [[Explanatory journalism|explanatory]] reporting.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url= https://openvallejo.org/about-us/ |access-date=March 6, 2023 |website=Open Vallejo |language=en-US}}</ref>

The [[Vallejo Sun]] is an independent, for-profit newsletter and website that serves Vallejo and Solano County with city, police, housing, education and events coverage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 19, 2021 |title=About |url= https://www.vallejosun.com/about/ |access-date=July 30, 2022 |website=The Vallejo Sun}}</ref>

Local radio broadcast stations include [[KZCT]] 89.5 FM community radio station and [[KDIA]]/[[KDYA]] [[Christian radio]] stations

== Sister cities ==
Vallejo has six [[sister cities]]:<ref name="Vallejo sisters">{{cite web |url= http://www.vallejosistercity.org/about-us.html |title=Vallejo Sister City |access-date=September 11, 2013 |work=Vallejo Sister City Association |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130911222629/http://www.vallejosistercity.org/about-us.html |archive-date=September 11, 2013}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! City
! Country
! Year of Partnership
|-
| [[Trondheim]]
| {{flagu|Norway}}
| 1960
|-
| [[Akashi, Hyōgo|Akashi]]
| {{flagu|Japan}}
| 1968
|-
| [[La Spezia]]
| {{flagu|Italy}}
| 1987
|-
| [[Baguio]]
| {{flagu|Philippines}}
| 1993
|-
| [[Bagamoyo]]
| {{flagu|Tanzania}}
| 1993
|-
| [[Jincheon]]
| {{flagu|South Korea}}
| 2001
|}

== Notable people ==
{{main|List of people from Vallejo, California}}

== See also ==
{{Portal|San Francisco Bay Area}}
* [[List of cities and towns in California]]
* [[List of cities and towns in the San Francisco Bay Area]]
* [[USS Vallejo|USS ''Vallejo'']], 3 ships

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikivoyage|Vallejo}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{cite web |url= http://vallejoartandarchitecture.com/ |title=Vallejo Art & Architecture Walk – The multi-media tour of Vallejo's Arts District |website=vallejoartandarchitecture.com |access-date=August 21, 2019}}
* [http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf487006ds/ Historical photographs of Vallejo, ca. 1865–ca. 1910], [[The Bancroft Library]]

{{Geographic Location
|Center    = Vallejo
|North     = [[American Canyon, California|American Canyon]]
|Northeast = [[Fairfield, California|Fairfield]]
|East      = [[Benicia, California|Benicia]]
|Southeast = [[Martinez, California|Martinez]]
|South     = [[Crockett, California|Crockett]]
|Southwest = [[Hercules, California|Hercules]]
|West      = [[Novato, California|Novato]]
|Northwest = [[Sonoma, California|Sonoma]]
}}
{{Vallejo California|state=expanded}}
{{SF Bay Area}}
{{Solano County, California}}
{{California}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Vallejo, California| ]]
[[Category:1868 establishments in California]]
[[Category:Cities in Solano County, California]]
[[Category:Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area]]
[[Category:Former state capitals in the United States|California]]
[[Category:Government units that have filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy]]
[[Category:Incorporated cities and towns in California]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1868]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in California]]