Editing Vaduz

{{Short description|Capital of Liechtenstein}}
{{More citations needed|date=May 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Vaduz
| settlement_type    = [[Capital city]] and [[Municipalities of Liechtenstein|municipality]]
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
| border      = infobox
| total_width = 300
| image_style = 
| perrow      = 1/2/3/2
| caption_align = center
| image1      = Vaduz.jpg
| caption1    = Panoramic view
| image2      = Liechtenstein asv2022-10 img23 Vaduz Regierungsgebäude.jpg
| caption2    = [[Government Building, Vaduz|Government building]]
| image3      = Vaduz-Schloss02.jpg
| caption3    = [[Vaduz Castle]]
| image4      = 2018-10-05 Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Tre Cavalli (KPFC) 05.jpg
| caption4    = ''Tre Cavalli''
| image5      = 2018-10-05 Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Rotes Haus (KPFC) 09.jpg
| caption5    = ''Rotes Haus''
| image6      = Cathedral of St. Florin - Vaduz.jpg
| caption6    = [[Vaduz Cathedral]]
| image7      = Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein 1.jpg
| caption7    = ''[[Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein]]''
| image8      = Landtagsgebäude des Fürstentums Liechtenstein.jpg
| caption8    = House of Parliament
}}
| image_flag         = Flag of Vaduz Liechtenstein-1.svg
| flag_size          = 30px
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| image_shield       = LIE Vaduz COA.svg
| shield_size        = 100px
| motto              = 
| image_map          = {{hidden|Location of Vaduz|{{infobox mapframe|frame-width=250|frame-height=240}}}}
| image_map1         = Vaduz in Liechtenstein.svg
| mapsize            = 150px
| map_caption1       = Vaduz and its exclaves in Liechtenstein
| pushpin_map        = Liechtenstein#Europe
| pushpin_relief     = yes
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| coordinates        = {{Wikidatacoord|Q1844|region:LI-11_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{Flag|Liechtenstein}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Electoral district]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[:Category:Villages in Liechtenstein|Villages]]
| subdivision_type3  = 
| subdivision_type4  = 
| subdivision_name1  = [[Oberland (electoral district)|Oberland]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Ebenholz]], [[Mühleholz]]
| subdivision_name3  = 
| subdivision_name4  = 
| established_title  = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date   = 
| established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
| established_date2  = 
| established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
| established_date3  = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_party       = [[Progressive Citizens' Party|FBP]]
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_name        = [[Florian Meier]]
| unit_pref          = 
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 17.28
| area_total_sq_mi   = 
| area_land_km2      = 
| area_land_sq_mi    = 
| area_water_km2     = 
| area_water_sq_mi   = 
| area_water_percent = 
| area_urban_km2     = 
| area_urban_sq_mi   = 
| area_metro_km2     = 
| area_metro_sq_mi   = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 455
| elevation_ft       = 
| population_total   = 5,696
| population_as_of   = 31 December 2019
| population_footnotes = <ref name="llv.li">{{cite web |url=https://www.llv.li/files/as/bevolkerungsstatistik-vorlaufige-ergebnisse-31-dezember-2019.pdf |title=Bevölkerungsstatistik: Vorläufige Ergebnisse 31. Dezember 2019 |website=Llv.li |access-date=13 August 2020 }}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| population_note    = 
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal codes in Switzerland and Liechtenstein|Postal code]]
| postal_code        = 9490
| area_code          = 7001
| iso_code           = LI-11
| timezone           = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset         = +01:00
| timezone_DST       = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST     = +02:00
| website            = [http://www.vaduz.li/en www.vaduz.li]
}}
[[File:Vaduz, Liechtenstein.JPG|thumb|View of Vaduz from space]]
[[File:Vaduz, Liechtenstein. Schweize Gebirge im Hintergrund - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Panoramic view of Vaduz]]

'''Vaduz''' ({{IPAc-en|f|ɑː|ˈ|d|uː|t|s}};<ref>[http://www.dictionary.com/browse/vaduz "Vaduz"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> {{IPA|de|faˈdʊt͡s|lang|Vaduz.wav}} or {{IPA|de|faˈduːt͡s||De-Vaduz.ogg}};<ref>{{cite book |title=Duden Aussprachewörterbuch |edition=6 |year=2006 |publisher=Bibliographisches Institut & F.A. Brockhaus AG |location=Mannheim |language=de }}</ref> <small>[[High Alemannic German|High Alemannic]] pronunciation:</small> [{{IPA|faˈdot͡s}}])<ref name="Hans Stricker 1999">Hans Stricker, Toni Banzer, Herbert Hilbe: ''Liechtensteiner Namenbuch. Die Orts- und Flurnamen des Fürstentums Liechtenstein.'' Band 2: ''Die Namen der Gemeinden Triesenberg, Vaduz, Schaan.'' Hrsg. vom Historischen Verein für das Fürstentum Liechtenstein. Vaduz 1999, S. 430–435.</ref> is the capital of [[Liechtenstein]] and also the seat of the [[Landtag of Liechtenstein|national parliament]]. The village, which is located along the [[Rhine]], has 5,696 residents.<ref name="llv.li"/> The most prominent landmark of Vaduz is [[Vaduz Castle]], perched atop a steep hill overlooking the village. It is home to the reigning prince of Liechtenstein and the [[Princely Family of Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein princely family]]. The village's distinctive architecture is also displayed in landmarks such as the [[Vaduz Cathedral|Cathedral of St. Florin]], Government House, Village Hall, the National Art Gallery, as well as the National Museum. Although Vaduz is the best-known village in the principality internationally, it is not the largest; neighbouring [[Schaan]] has a larger population.

== Etymology ==
The name ''Vaduz'' had been first recorded as ''de Faduzes''. The name of the settlement, like most other towns in the [[Rhine Valley]] region, is of [[Romance languages|Romance]] origin. The name can be traced back to Old [[Rhaeto-Romance languages|Rhaeto-Romance]] root ''auadutg'' {{gloss|[[Aqueduct (water supply)|aqueduct]]}}, which in turn evolved from the [[Latin]] {{lang|la|aquaeductus}}.<ref name="Hans Stricker 1999"/>

==History==
{{See also|County of Vaduz}}

Vaduz is mentioned in historic 12th-century manuscripts as ''Faduzes''. In 1322 a mention of the [[Vaduz Castle|castle]] is made, which was sacked by the [[Switzerland|Swiss]] in 1499 during the [[Swabian War]]. The entire village was also destroyed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Vaduz |title=Vaduz &#124; Liechtenstein, Map, & History &#124; Britannica }}</ref>

In the 17th century the [[Princely Family of Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein family]] was seeking a seat in the Imperial diet, the ''[[Reichstag (Holy Roman Empire)|Reichstag]]''. As they did not hold any territory that was directly under the Imperial throne they were unable to meet the primary requirement to qualify.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://pages.uoregon.edu/dluebke/Reformations441/441ImperialPrimer.htm |title=441ImperialPrimer }}</ref>

The family yearned for the added power a seat in the Imperial government would bring, and therefore sought to acquire lands that would be ''[[reichsunmittelbar]]'', or held directly from the [[Holy Roman Emperor]] himself, without any intermediate feudal patronage. After some time, the family was able to arrange the purchase of the minuscule [[Lordship of Schellenberg|''Herrschaft'' ("Lordship") of]] [[Schellenberg]] and the [[County of Vaduz|countship of Vaduz]] (in 1699 and 1712, respectively) from the Hohenems. Tiny Schellenberg and Vaduz possessed exactly the political status required: no feudal lord other than the Emperor.{{cn|date=October 2022}}

Thereby, on 23 January 1719, after the purchase had been duly made, [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor]], decreed Vaduz and Schellenberg were united, and raised to the dignity of ''Fürstentum'' (''[[principality]]'') with the name "Liechtenstein" in honour of "[his] true servant, [[Anton Florian of Liechtenstein]]". It is on this date that Liechtenstein became a sovereign member state of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. As testimony to the pure political expediency of the purchases, the Princes of Liechtenstein did not set foot in their new principality for over 120 years.{{cn|date=October 2022}}

== Politics ==
{{See also|List of mayors of Vaduz}}

Vaduz is located in the [[Oberland (electoral district)|Oberland]] electoral district, which has fifteen seats in the [[Landtag of Liechtenstein]]. Since the introduction of Liechtenstein municipal law of 1864, Vaduz has been locally administered by a mayor and municipal council. Until 1941, this consisted of the mayor, the municipal treasurer, and seven other councillors.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Mayr |first=Ulrike |last2=Sele |first2=Patrick |date=31 December 2011 |title=Vaduz (Gemeinde) |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/Vaduz_(Gemeinde)#Politische_Gemeinde |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=[[Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein]] |language=de }}</ref>

In 1974, the municipal law was revised which extended the term of the mayor and council to four years and increased the seats of Vaduz's municipal council to twelve. The system to elect the municipal council was changed to use a [[open list]] [[proportional representation]] system. In 1976, Vaduz replaced [[universal male suffrage]] with [[universal suffrage]].<ref name=":02" /> Universal suffrage was not introduced to Liechtenstein on a national level until 1984.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 July 1984 |title=AROUND THE WORLD; Liechtenstein Women Win Right to Vote |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/02/world/around-the-world-liechtenstein-women-win-right-to-vote.html |access-date=21 April 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] }}</ref>

The incumbent mayor is [[Florian Meier]], elected in the [[2024 Vaduz mayoral by-election]].<ref name=":LV">{{Cite news |last=Sele |first=David |date=25 August 2024 |title=Vaduz hat einen neuen Bürgermeister |url=https://www.vaterland.li/liechtenstein/politik/vaduz-hat-einen-neuen-buergermeister-art-574449 |access-date=25 August 2024 |work=[[Liechtensteiner Vaterland]] }}</ref>

=== Last election ===
{{Main article|2023 Vaduz elections}}
{{Election results|image=[[File:Vaduz Municipal Council 2023.svg]]|party1=[[Progressive Citizens' Party]]|votes1=9522|seats1=6|sc1=+1|party2=[[Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)|Patriotic Union]]|votes2=9500|seats2=5|sc2=–1|party3=[[Democrats for Liechtenstein]]|votes3=2286|seats3=1|sc3=+1|party4=[[Free List (Liechtenstein)|Free List]]|votes4=1720|seats4=1|sc4=–1|total_sc=0|valid=1919|invalid=70|blank=27|electorate=2835|source=[https://www.gemeindewahlen.li/resultatgemeinde/14/1 Gemeindewahlen]}}

== Geography ==

=== Climate ===
Vaduz features an [[oceanic climate]] with warm summers and chilly winters. [[Köppen-Geiger climate classification system]] classifies its climate as Marine West Coast Climate (Cfb).<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/ Weatherbase climate summary] accessed 12 August 2013.</ref> The village experiences a noticeable increase in precipitation during the summer, but in general all twelve months see some precipitation. Vaduz receives, on average, approximately {{convert|900|mm|0|abbr=on}} of precipitation per year.
Vaduz's warmest month, July, sees average high temperatures reach {{convert|25|°C|0|abbr=on}} while average low temperatures are about {{convert|14|°C|0|abbr=on}}. The village's coldest month, January, sees average highs of {{convert|3|°C|0|abbr=on}} and average lows of {{convert|-3|°C|0|abbr=on}}.
{{Weather box
|width = auto
|location = Vaduz, elevation {{convert|457|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1973–present)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
| Jan high C = 5.0
| Feb high C = 6.8
| Mar high C = 11.8
| Apr high C = 16.0
| May high C = 20.1
| Jun high C = 23.2
| Jul high C = 24.9
| Aug high C = 24.3
| Sep high C = 20.0
| Oct high C = 15.7
| Nov high C = 9.5
| Dec high C = 5.5
| year high C = 15.2
| Jan mean C = 1.4
| Feb mean C = 2.7
| Mar mean C = 6.8
| Apr mean C = 10.7
| May mean C = 14.7
| Jun mean C = 17.9
| Jul mean C = 19.4
| Aug mean C = 19.1
| Sep mean C = 15.0
| Oct mean C = 11.1
| Nov mean C = 5.7
| Dec mean C = 2.2
| year mean C = 10.6
| Jan low C = -2.0
| Feb low C = -1.1
| Mar low C = 2.3
| Apr low C = 5.6
| May low C = 9.7
| Jun low C = 13.0
| Jul low C = 14.6
| Aug low C = 14.6
| Sep low C = 10.8
| Oct low C = 6.9
| Nov low C = 2.2
| Dec low C = -1.1
| year low C = 6.3
|Jan record high C = 20.0
|Feb record high C = 21.7
|Mar record high C = 24.6
|Apr record high C = 28.7
|May record high C = 33.2
|Jun record high C = 35.2
|Jul record high C = 35.8
|Aug record high C = 36.0
|Sep record high C = 33.0
|Oct record high C = 29.0
|Nov record high C = 23.6
|Dec record high C = 22.2
|Jan record low C = -20.3
|Feb record low C = -17.2
|Mar record low C = -12.9
|Apr record low C = -5.0
|May record low C = -1.0
|Jun record low C = 3.4
|Jul record low C = 5.0
|Aug record low C = 5.0
|Sep record low C = 0.0
|Oct record low C = -5.3
|Nov record low C = -11.2
|Dec record low C = -16.0
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 41.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 33.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 54.4
|Apr precipitation mm = 56.7
|May precipitation mm = 90.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 116.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 130.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 144.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 95.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 67.7
|Nov precipitation mm = 55.7
|Dec precipitation mm = 53.6
|year precipitation mm = 940.1
| Jan snow cm = 14.2
| Feb snow cm = 14.4
| Mar snow cm = 6.4
| Apr snow cm = 0.4
| May snow cm = 0
| Jun snow cm = 0
| Jul snow cm = 0
| Aug snow cm = 0
| Sep snow cm = 0
| Oct snow cm = 0
| Nov snow cm = 4.7
| Dec snow cm = 11.9
| year snow cm = 52.0
| unit precipitation days = 1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 7.4
| Feb precipitation days = 6.6
| Mar precipitation days = 9.0
| Apr precipitation days = 8.9
| May precipitation days = 11.8
| Jun precipitation days = 12.9
| Jul precipitation days = 13.2
| Aug precipitation days = 13.3
| Sep precipitation days = 10.1
| Oct precipitation days = 8.7
| Nov precipitation days = 8.7
| Dec precipitation days = 8.7
| year precipitation days = 119.3
| unit snow days = 
| Jan snow days = 3.9
| Feb snow days = 3.9
| Mar snow days = 2.1
| Apr snow days = 0.2
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.0
| Nov snow days = 1.4
| Dec snow days = 3.3
| year snow days = 14.8
| Jan humidity = 75
| Feb humidity = 69
| Mar humidity = 66
| Apr humidity = 63
| May humidity = 67
| Jun humidity = 70
| Jul humidity = 71
| Aug humidity = 74
| Sep humidity = 76
| Oct humidity = 76
| Nov humidity = 77
| Dec humidity = 77
| year humidity = 72
|Jan sun = 71.9
|Feb sun = 91.6
|Mar sun = 130.6
|Apr sun = 156.4
|May sun = 168.2
|Jun sun = 181.0
|Jul sun = 197.0
|Aug sun = 182.8
|Sep sun = 147.0
|Oct sun = 114.3
|Nov sun = 67.5
|Dec sun = 55.3
|year sun = 1563.6
| Jan percentsun = 40
| Feb percentsun = 44
| Mar percentsun = 47
| Apr percentsun = 49
| May percentsun = 46
| Jun percentsun = 48
| Jul percentsun = 52
| Aug percentsun = 54
| Sep percentsun = 52
| Oct percentsun = 48
| Nov percentsun = 36
| Dec percentsun = 34
| year percentsun = 47
| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name=NOAA1>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213081557/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/5.5/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Switzerland/CSV/Vaduz_06990.csv |archive-date=13 December 2024 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/5.5/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Switzerland/CSV/Vaduz_06990.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020 |work=World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020) |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=13 December 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=global-summary-of-the-day&stations=06990099999&startDate=1700-01-01&endDate=2023-12-31&dataTypes=MAX,MIN,PRCP |title=Global Surface Summary of the Day - GSOD |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=16 January 2023 }}</ref>
|source 2 = [[MeteoSwiss]] (snow 1981–2010)<ref name=MeteoSwiss>{{cite web |url=https://www.meteoswiss.admin.ch/services-and-publications/applications/ext/climate-climsheet.html |title=Climate normals Vaduz (Reference period 1991−2020) |publisher=Swiss Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss |date=13 January 2022 |access-date=13 January 2022 }}</ref><ref name=MeteoSwiss1981>{{cite web |url=https://www.meteoswiss.admin.ch/product/output/climate-data/climate-diagrams-normal-values-station-processing/VAD/climsheet_VAD_np8110_e.pdf |title=Climate normals Vaduz (Reference period 1981−2010) |publisher=Swiss Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss |date=13 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725001826/https://www.meteoswiss.admin.ch/product/output/climate-data/climate-diagrams-normal-values-station-processing/VAD/climsheet_VAD_np8110_e.pdf |access-date=13 January 2022 |archive-date=25 July 2022 }}</ref>
}}

==Main sights==
[[Vaduz Castle]] is the home of the reigning prince of Liechtenstein and the [[Princely Family of Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein princely family]]. The castle is visible from almost any location in Vaduz, being perched atop a steep hill in the middle of the village. The [[Vaduz Cathedral|Cathedral of St. Florin]], Government House and Village Hall display the various styles and periods of architecture in the village.
[[File:Liechtenstein asv2022-10 img21 Vaduz Kathedrale StFlorin.jpg|thumb|[[Cathedral of St. Florin]]]]
[[File:KML HAF aussen vom Staedtle Barbara Buehler.jpg|thumb|[[Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein]]]]

== Demographics ==
As of 2019, 5,696 people lived in Vaduz.<ref name="llv.li"/> Foreigners resident in the village make up 42% of the population.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.llv.li/files/as/bevolkerungsstatistik-vorlaufige-ergebnisse-31-dezember-2018.pdf |title=Bevölkerungsstatistik: Vorläufige Ergebnisse 31. Dezember 2018 |website=Llv.li |access-date=13 August 2020 }}</ref>
With 67% the population is predominantly [[Roman Catholicism|Roman Catholic]], while the percentage of Catholics is significantly higher among residents with Liechtenstein nationality (81%) than among foreigner residents (47%). The largest minority religions in the village are [[Protestantism]] (10%) and [[Islam]] (8%).<ref name=religion_2015>{{cite web |url=https://www.llv.li/files/as/vz-2015-band-1-tabellen.xls |title=Tabellen Volkszählung 2015 - Bevölkerungsstruktur Band 1 |format=XLS |website=Llv.li |access-date=13 August 2020 }}</ref>
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Vaduz - 2015<ref name=religion_2015/>
|left1=religion
|right1=percent
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Roman Catholicism]]|DarkOrchid|67}}
{{bar percent|[[Protestantism]]|DodgerBlue|10}}
{{bar percent|Other Christians|SkyBlue|3}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|Green|8}}
{{bar percent|Others/undeclared|Orange|4}}
{{bar percent|[[Irreligion|Non-religious]]|SlateGray|9}}
|caption=<small>Note: Percentage is more than 100 due to rounding.</small>
}}

== Culture ==
The National Art Gallery as well as the National Museum are located in Vaduz. The art gallery ([[Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein]]) is a museum of modern and contemporary art, and also shows displays from the private princely [[Liechtenstein Collection]], the main public display of which is in [[Vienna]]. The building is an architectural landmark built by the Swiss architects Morger, Degelo and Kerez. It was completed in November 2000 and forms a "black box" of tinted concrete and black basalt stone. The museum collection is also the national art collection of Liechtenstein. The [[Liechtenstein National Museum]] is showing a permanent exhibition on the cultural and natural history of Liechtenstein as well as special exhibitions. There are also the [[Postal Museum (Liechtenstein)|Postage Stamp Museum]] and a Ski Museum. Vaduz has a kind of folksong that has been greatly influenced by Switzerland, known as ''Köpugeäng''.

==Economy and transport==
Vaduz is one of the few capital cities in the world to not have an airport. The closest major airport is [[Zurich Airport]], and the closest minor airport being the [[St. Gallen–Altenrhein Airport]]. [[Friedrichshafen Airport]] also provides access to Vaduz. By car, Vaduz is directly accessible via the [[A13 motorway (Switzerland)|A13]] motorway in Switzerland, or via the [[A14 motorway (Austria)|A14]] motorway in Austria.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arrival |url=https://tourismus.li/en/our-country/arrival-transport/arrival/ |access-date=20 November 2024 |website=Liechtenstein Tourist Office }}</ref> Vaduz is connected to Switzerland over the Rhine river by the {{Interlanguage link|Vaduz–Sevelen bridge|lt=Vaduz–Sevelen footbridge|de|Alte Rheinbrücke Vaduz–Sevelen}}, or the Werdenberger-Binnenkanal bridge for motor vehicles, which was opened in 1975.<ref name=":02" /> Buses can be taken from [[Buchs, St. Gallen]], [[Sevelen]] and [[Feldkirch, Vorarlberg|Feldkirch]] into Vaduz. These buses typically run every 20 to 40 minutes and are operated by [[Liechtenstein Bus]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Biedermann |first=Klaus |date=31 December 2011 |title=Öffentlicher Verkehr |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/%C3%96ffentlicher_Verkehr |access-date=20 November 2024 |website=[[Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein]] |language=de }}</ref>

[[Schaan-Vaduz railway station]], located in Schaan, is the closest railway station to Vaduz. The station is situated on the [[Feldkirch–Buchs railway]], [[rail transport in Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein's only railway line]], and is served by the S2 of the [[Vorarlberg S-Bahn]], which is operated by [[Austrian Federal Railways]] (ÖBB). It was opened on 24 October 1872 by agreement with [[Austria-Hungary]] and Switzerland. There have been attempts to expand the rail network to connect with Vaduz, though these have been unsuccessful.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Beer |first=Lothar |date=31 December 2011 |title=Eisenbahn |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/Eisenbahn?marker=bahn |access-date=20 November 2024 |website=[[Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein]] |language=de }}</ref>

==Education==
Vaduz has two primary schools: Äule Primary School, near the Vaduzer-Saal;<ref name="Aule">"[http://www.vaduz.li/-ule-primary-school Äule Primary School] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013091939/http://www.vaduz.li/-ule-primary-school |date=13 October 2016 }}." Commune of Vaduz. Retrieved on 12 May 2016. "Giessenstr. 11 9490 Vaduz"</ref> and Ebenholz Primary School,<ref name="Ebenholz">"[http://www.vaduz.li/ebenholz-primary-school Ebenholz Primary School] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013091741/http://www.vaduz.li/ebenholz-primary-school |date=13 October 2016 }}." Commune of Vaduz. Retrieved on 12 May 2016. "Fürst-Franz-Josef-Strasse 38 9490 Vaduz"</ref> near the [[University of Liechtenstein]], which is also located in the village. Both schools have the same secretariat and administration.<ref name="Aule" /> The school assignments of children are largely determined by their street addresses.<ref name="Ebenholz" /> There are four kindergarten sites, of the Kindergarten Bartlegrosch, in Vaduz.<ref>"[http://www.vaduz.li/kindergarten-en Kindergarten] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013091820/http://www.vaduz.li/kindergarten-en |date=13 October 2016 }}." Commune of Vaduz. Retrieved on 12 May 2016. "Kindergarten Bartlegrosch Bartlegroschstrasse 31 9490 Vaduz " and "Schwefelstrasse 15 9490 Vaduz" and "Schimmelgasse 13 9490 Vaduz" and "Weiherweg 15 9490 Vaduz"</ref>

[[Realschule]] Vaduz and [[Oberschule]] Vaduz are in the [[Schulzentrum Mühleholz II]] in Vaduz. [[Liechtensteinisches Gymnasium]] is also located in Vaduz. Realschule Schaan and Sportschule Liechtenstein are in nearby Schaan.<ref>"[http://www.schaan.li/CFDOCS/cmsout/admin/index.cfm?GroupID=53&MandID=3&meID=6044& Weiterführende Schulen Schaan]." Commune of Schaan. Retrieved on 12 May 2016. "Realschule Schaan Duxgass 55 9494 Schaan" and "Sportschule Liechtenstein Duxgass 55 9494 Schaan" and "Realschule Vaduz Schulzentrum Mühleholz II 9490 Vaduz" and "Oberschule Vaduz Schulzentrum Mühleholz II 9490 Vaduz"</ref>

== Notable people ==
[[File:Fürst Franz Josef II..jpg|thumb|upright|[[Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein|Prince Franz Josef II]]]]
[[File:Marlies Amann-Marxer 01.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Marlies Amann-Marxer]], 2013]]
[[File:Aurelia Frick - 2017 (cropped).jpg|upright|thumb|[[Aurelia Frick]], 2017]]
* [[Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein]] (born 1968 in Zürich), [[regent]] of Liechtenstein since 2004
* [[Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein]] (1869–1955), prince who renounced his rights to the succession on 26 February 1923, in favor of his son Franz Joseph II
* [[Marlies Amann-Marxer]] (born 1952), politician who served as [[Environment minister|Minister of Infrastructure, Environment and Sport]] in the [[Cabinet of Liechtenstein|Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein]]
* [[Evelyne Bermann]] (born 1950) artist, specializes in glass acrylics
* [[Gisela Biedermann]] (born 1948), physician and politician<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2017 |title=Biedermann, Gisela |url=https://historisches-lexikon.li/Biedermann,_Gisela |access-date=5 April 2023 |website=Historical Encyclopedia of the Principality of Liechtenstein |language=de }}</ref>
* [[Barbara Erni]] (1743–1785) thief and confidence trickster, the last person to be executed in Liechtenstein
* [[Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein]] (1906–1989 in Grabs), the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein from 1938 until his death; lived full-time in the principality
* [[Aurelia Frick]] (born 1975) a Liechtenstein politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Education and Culture.
* [[Carl von In der Maur]] (1852 in Wiener Neustadt – 1913), government official
* [[Gilbert von In der Maur]] (1887–1959), military officer, leading figure of the Austrian National Socialist Party
* [[Wolfgang Haas]] (born 1948), first archbishop of the [[Archdiocese of Vaduz]]
* [[Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein]] (born 1945 in Zurich) the monarch and head of state of Liechtenstein, lives in Vaduz Castle
* [[Adrian Hasler]] (born 1964), politician and the current [[Prime Minister of Liechtenstein]]
* [[Alexander Kellner]] (born 1961), Brazilian geologist and paleontologist, expert in [[pterosaurs]]
* [[Medea de Novara]] (1905–2001), actress who appeared in Mexican films<ref>{{IMDb name|0636969|name= Medea de Novara}}. Retrieved 17 November 2018.</ref>
* [[Josef Ospelt]] (1881–1962), first [[List of heads of government of Liechtenstein|Prime Minister of Liechtenstein]] from 2 March 1921 to 27 April 1922
* [[Ida Ospelt-Amann]] (1899-1996), poet who wrote and performed in the Vaduz Alemannic dialect
* [[Hermine Rheinberger]] (1864–1932), writer
* [[Josef Rheinberger]] (1839–1901), organist and composer<ref>{{cite CE1913 |wstitle= Joseph Gabriel Rheinberger |volume= 13 |last= Otten |first= Joseph |short=1 }}</ref>
* [[Christoph Zeller]] (born 1956 or 1957), German billionaire businessman, owns [[Ivoclar Vivadent]]

=== Footballers ===
* [[Ronny Büchel]] (born 1982), international footballer, played 72 games for the national side
* [[Andreas Christen]] (born 1989), international footballer, played 27 games for the national side
* [[Mathias Christen]] (born 1987), international footballer, played 36 games for the national side
* [[Lucas Eberle]] (born 1990), played 12 games for the national side
* [[Philippe Erne]] (born 1986), international footballer, 34 games for the national side
* [[Maximilian Göppel]] (born 1997), plays for FC Vaduz and the Liechtenstein national team
* [[Nicolas Hasler]] (born 1991), professional footballer, played 55 games for the national side
* [[Rainer Hasler]] (1958–2014), played as a defender, selected by the [[Liechtenstein Football Association]] as the country's [[UEFA Jubilee Awards|Golden Player]]
* [[Marco Ritzberger]] (born 1986), played for FC Vaduz and played 35 games for the national side
* [[Dennis Salanović]] (born 1996), international footballer, played 29 games for the national side
* [[Sandro Wieser]] (born 1993), professional footballer, played 47 games for the national side

<gallery widths="200" heights="200">
File:Ronny Büchel.jpg|[[Ronny Büchel]], 2009
File:AUT vs. LIE 2015-10-12 (187) Sandro Wieser.jpg|[[Sandro Wieser]], 2015
</gallery>

=== Other athletes ===
[[File:2017 Audi FIS Ski Weltcup Garmisch-Partenkirchen Damen - Tina Weirather - by 2eight - 8SC0818.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Tina Weirather]], 2017]]

* [[Franz Biedermann]] (born 1946) a Liechtenstein decathlete, competed in the [[1968 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Kathinka von Deichmann]] (born 1994), tennis player
* [[Markus Ganahl]] (born 1975) retired alpine skier, competed in the [[2002 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Nicola Kindle]] (born 1991), alpine skier
* [[Marina Nigg]] (born 1984), alpine skier, competed at the [[2010 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Daniel Rinner]] (born 1990), cyclist
* [[Stephanie Vogt]] (born 1990), retired professional tennis player
* [[Tina Weirather]] (born 1989), World Cup alpine ski racer
* [[Guido Wolf (sports shooter)|Guido Wolf]] (1924–1994), former sports shooter, competed at the [[1960 Summer Olympics]]

==See also==
* [[List of foundations established in Vaduz]]
* [[Municipalities of Liechtenstein]]
* [[Rheinpark Stadion]]
* [[Vaduz Cathedral]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official|http://www.vaduz.li/en}}

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[[Category:Vaduz| ]]
[[Category:Capitals in Europe]]
[[Category:Cities in Liechtenstein]]
[[Category:Liechtenstein–Switzerland border crossings]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Liechtenstein]]
[[Category:Populated places on the Rhine]]