Editing V-type asteroid

{{Short description|Asteroids similar to the asteroid 4 Vesta}}A '''V-type''' (volcanic-type) asteroid, or '''Vestoid''', is an [[asteroid]] whose [[Asteroid spectral types|spectral type]] is that of [[4 Vesta]]. Approximately 6% of [[main-belt asteroid]]s are vestoids,{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} with Vesta being by far the largest of them. They are relatively bright, and rather similar to the more common [[S-type asteroid]], which are also made up of [[Rock (geology)|stony]] [[iron]]s and ordinary [[chondrite]]s, with V-types containing more [[pyroxene]] than S-types.

A large proportion of vestoids have [[orbital elements]] similar to those of Vesta, either close enough to be part of the [[Vesta family]], or having similar [[eccentricity (orbit)|eccentricities]] and [[inclination]]s but with a [[semi-major axis]] lying between about 2.18 [[Astronomical unit|AU]] and the 3:1 [[Kirkwood gap]] at 2.50 AU. This suggests that they originated as fragments of Vesta's crust. There seem to be two populations of Vestoids, one created 2 billion years ago and the other 1 billion years ago, coming respectively from the enormous southern-hemisphere craters [[Veneneia]] and [[Rheasilvia]].<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Two craters that launched 1000 meteorites|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn21801|magazine=[[New Scientist]]|date=May 11, 2012}}</ref><ref name="Bus02">{{cite journal | author= S. J. Bus | author2= R. P. Binzel | name-list-style= amp| title= Phase II of the Small Main-belt Asteroid Spectroscopy Survey: A feature-based taxonomy| journal= Icarus| date= 2002| volume= 158| issue= 1 | pages= 146| doi= 10.1006/icar.2002.6856| bibcode=2002Icar..158..146B| s2cid= 4880578 }}</ref> Fragments that ended up in the 3:1 Jupiter resonance were perturbed out of the Kirkwood gap and some fragments eventually hit the earth as [[HED meteorite]]s.

The [[electromagnetic spectrum]] has a very strong absorption feature longward of 0.75 [[μm]], another feature around 1 μm and is very red shortwards of 0.7&nbsp;μm. The visible wavelength spectrum of the V-type asteroids (including 4 Vesta itself) is similar to the spectra of basaltic achondrite [[HED meteorite]]s.

A [[J-type asteroids|J-type]] has been suggested for asteroids having a particularly strong 1 μm absorption band similar to [[diogenite]] meteorites,<ref name="Binzel93">{{cite journal | author= R. P. Binzel | author2= S. Xu | name-list-style= amp| title= Chips off of asteroid 4 Vesta: Evidence for the parent body of basaltic achondrite meteorites| journal= Science| date= 1993| volume= 260| pages= 186–91 | doi= 10.1126/science.260.5105.186| pmid= 17807177 | issue= 5105|bibcode = 1993Sci...260..186B }}</ref> likely being derived from deeper parts of the crust of 4 Vesta.

== Distribution ==
The vast majority of V-type asteroids  are members of the Vesta family along with Vesta itself. There are some [[Mars-crosser asteroid|Mars-crossers]] such as [[9969 Braille]], and some [[Near-Earth objects]] like [[3908 Nyx]].

There is also a scattered group of objects in the general vicinity of the Vesta family but not part of it. These include:<ref>{{cite journal | author= V. Carruba| display-authors= etal| title= On the V-type asteroids outside the Vesta family| journal= Astronomy & Astrophysics| date= 2005| volume= 441| pages= 819–829| doi= 10.1051/0004-6361:20053355| bibcode=2005A&A...441..819C|arxiv = astro-ph/0506656 | issue= 2 }}</ref>
* [[809 Lundia]] — Orbits within the [[Flora family]] region
* [[956 Elisa]]
* [[1459 Magnya]] — Orbits in the outer [[asteroid belt]], too far from Vesta to be genetically related.{{Citation needed|reason=please give a reliable source.|date=October 2011}} May be the remains of a different ancient differentiated body that was shattered long ago.
* [[2113 Ehrdni]]
* [[2442 Corbett]]
* [[2566 Kirghizia]]
* [[2579 Spartacus]] — Contains a significant portion of [[olivine]], which may indicate origin deeper within Vestoid than other V-types.
* [[2640 Hallstrom]]
* [[2653 Principia]]
* [[2704 Julian Loewe]]
* [[2763 Jeans]]
* [[2795 Lepage]]
* [[2851 Harbin]]
* [[2912 Lapalma]]
* [[3849 Incidentia]]
* [[3850 Peltier]] — Orbits within the [[Flora family]] region
* [[3869 Norton]]
* [[4188 Kitezh]]
* [[4278 Harvey]] — Member of [[Baptistina family]].
* [[4434 Nikulin]]
* [[4796 Lewis]]
* [[4977 Rauthgundis]]
* [[5379 Abehiroshi]]

== V-type near-Earth asteroids ==
{{expand section|date=April 2025}}

== See also ==
* [[Asteroid spectral types]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Asteroids}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:V-Type Asteroid}}
[[Category:Asteroid spectral classes]]
[[Category:V-type asteroids|*]]