Editing University of Chicago

{{Short description|Private university in Chicago, Illinois, US}}
{{Distinguish|University of Illinois Chicago}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox university
 | name                   = University of Chicago
 | image                  = University of Chicago shield.svg
 | image_upright          = 0.6
 | latin_name             = Universitas  Chicaginiensis<ref>{{Cite book |last=Brooks |first=William |title=Record of the Jubilee Celebrations of the University of Sydney |date=1903 |publisher=[[University of Sydney|The University of Sydney]] |isbn=9781112213304 |publication-place=[[Sydney]], [[New South Wales]] |language=en-AU }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Anderson |first=Peter John |author-link=Peter John Anderson |title=Record of the Celebration of the Quatercentenary of the University of Aberdeen: From 25th to 28th September, 1906 |date=1907 |publisher=Aberdeen University Press ([[University of Aberdeen]]) |isbn=9781363625079 |publication-place=[[Aberdeen]], [[United Kingdom]] |language=en-GB }}</ref>
 | motto                  = {{lang|la|Crescat scientia; vita excolatur}} ([[Latin]])
 | mottoeng               = "Let knowledge grow from more to more; and so be human life enriched"<ref name="History and Traditions">{{cite web |title=History and Traditions |year=2023 |publisher=The University of Chicago |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/who-we-are/history-and-traditions |access-date=January 8, 2023 |archive-date=January 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230108092105/https://www.uchicago.edu/who-we-are/history-and-traditions |url-status=live}}</ref>
 | established            = {{start date and age|1890}}<ref>{{cite web |title=University of Chicago History and Traditions |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/who-we-are/history-and-traditions |access-date=June 6, 2024}}</ref>
 | type                   = [[Private university|Private]] [[research university]]
 | founder                = [[John D. Rockefeller]]
 | accreditation          = [[Higher Learning Commission|HLC]]
 | academic_affiliations  = {{hlist|[[Association of American Universities|AAU]]|[[Consortium on Financing Higher Education|COFHE]]|[[National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities|NAICU]]|[[Universities Research Association|URA]]|[[National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program|Space-grant]]}}
 | endowment              = $10.4 billion (2024)<ref>As of Nov 30, 2024. {{cite web |title=University of Chicago endowment ended FY24 at $10.4 billion |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/university-chicago-endowment-ended-fy24-104-billion |publisher=The University of Chicago |date=November 27, 2024 |access-date=November 30, 2024}}</ref>
 | president              = [[Paul Alivisatos]] (2025)
 | provost                = [[Katherine Baicker]] (2025)
 | students               = 18,452
 | undergrad              = 7,559 (2019)<ref name="About">{{cite web |title=About the University |year=2019 |publisher=The University of Chicago |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/about/ |access-date=November 24, 2019 |archive-date=April 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402142958/http://www.uchicago.edu/about/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
 | postgrad               = 10,893 (2019)<ref name="About"/>
 | faculty                = 2,859 (2019)<ref name="UC DATA">{{cite web |url=https://data.uchicago.edu/at_a_glance.php?cid=16&pid=2&sel=atg |title=Faculty and Staff, at a glance |work=University of Chicago Data |publisher=University of Chicago |access-date=March 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331053902/https://data.uchicago.edu/at_a_glance.php?cid=16&pid=2&sel=atg |archive-date=March 31, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
 | administrative_staff   = 15,949 (including [[University of Chicago Medical Center|Medical Center]])<ref name="UC DATA" />
 | city                   = [[Chicago]]
 | state                  = [[Illinois]]
 | country                = United States
 | coor                   = {{coord|41|47|23|N|87|35|59|W|type:edu_region:US-IL|display=inline,title}}
 | campus                 = Large city<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=chicago&s=all&pg=3&id=144050|title=College Navigator – University of Chicago |website=National Center for Education Statistics |access-date=November 7, 2021 |archive-date=November 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107193250/https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=chicago&s=all&pg=3&id=144050 |url-status=live}}</ref>
 | campus_size            = {{convert|217|acre|ha|1}} (main campus)<ref name="About"/>
 | sporting_affiliations  = [[NCAA Division III]] – {{hlist|[[University Athletic Association|UAA]]|[[Midwest Conference|MWC]]|[[College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin|CCIW]]}}
 | colors                 = {{color box|#800000}} Maroon<ref>{{cite book |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/_uchicago.identity.guidelines.pdf |title=The University of Chicago Identity Guidelines |access-date=September 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025174347/https://news.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/_uchicago.identity.guidelines.pdf |archive-date=October 25, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
 | sports_nickname        = [[Chicago Maroons|Maroons]]
 | mascot                 = Phil the Phoenix
 | website                = {{URL|https://uchicago.edu}}
 | logo                   = University of Chicago wordmark.svg
 | logo_upright           = 1.0
 | free_label2            = Newspaper
 | free2                  = ''[[The Chicago Maroon]]''
 | free_label             = Other campuses
 | free                   = {{hlist|[[Beijing]] | [[Chikaming Township, Michigan]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Warren Woods Ecological Field Station |url=https://warrenwoods.bsd.uchicago.edu/ |website=The University of Chicago |access-date=February 15, 2025 }}</ref> | [[Delhi]]|[[The University of Chicago Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]|[[London]]||[[Luxor]]|[[Paris]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Global Campuses and Centers |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/en/education-and-research/global-campuses-and-centers |website=The University of Chicago |access-date=September 26, 2023}}</ref>}}
}}

The '''University of Chicago''' ('''UChicago''', '''Chicago''', or '''UofC''') is a [[Private university|private]] [[research university]] in [[Chicago]], Illinois, United States. Its main campus is in the [[Hyde Park, Chicago|Hyde Park]] neighborhood on Chicago's [[South Side, Chicago|South Side]], near the shore of [[Lake Michigan]] about {{convert|7|mi}} from [[Chicago Loop|the Loop]].

The university is composed of an [[College of the University of Chicago|undergraduate college]] and four graduate divisions: Biological Science, Arts & Humanities, Physical Science, and Social Science, which include various organized departments and institutes. In addition, the university operates eight professional schools in the fields of [[University of Chicago Booth School of Business|business]], [[Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice|social work]], [[University of Chicago Divinity School|divinity]], [[Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies|continuing studies]], [[Harris School of Public Policy|public policy]], [[University of Chicago Law School|law]], [[Pritzker School of Medicine|medicine]], and [[Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering|molecular engineering]]. The university maintains satellite campuses and centers in London, [[University of Chicago Hong Kong|Hong Kong]], Paris, Beijing, Delhi, and Egypt, as well as in downtown Chicago.

University of Chicago scholars have played a role in the development of many academic disciplines, including economics, law, literary criticism, mathematics, physics, religion, sociology, and political science, establishing the [[Chicago school (disambiguation)|Chicago school]]s of thought<!--intentional link to DAB page--> in various fields. Chicago's [[Metallurgical Laboratory]] produced the world's first human-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction in [[Chicago Pile-1]] beneath the viewing stands of the university's [[Stagg Field]]. Advances in chemistry led to the "radiocarbon revolution" in the [[radiocarbon dating|carbon-14 dating]] of ancient life and objects. The university research efforts include administration of [[Fermilab|Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory]] and [[Argonne National Laboratory]], as well as the [[Marine Biological Laboratory]]. The university is also home to the [[University of Chicago Press]], the largest [[List of university presses|university press]] in the United States.

As of 2025, the university's students, faculty, and staff has included [[List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation|101 Nobel laureates]]. The university's [[List of University of Chicago people|faculty members and alumni]] also include 10 [[Fields Medal|Fields Medalists]], 4 [[Turing Award]] winners, 58 [[MacArthur Fellows Program|MacArthur Fellows]], 30 [[Marshall Scholars]], 55 [[Rhodes Scholarship|Rhodes Scholars]], 27 [[Pulitzer Prize]] winners, 20 [[National Humanities Medal]]ists, and [[List of American universities with Olympic medals|8 Olympic medalists]].

== History ==
{{main|History of the University of Chicago}}

===Old University of Chicago===
{{further|Old University of Chicago}}
[[File:Uchicago convocation 1894.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.15|[[Albert A. Michelson]], Professor of Physics and first American Nobel laureate, delivers the second [[Convocation]] Address in front of Goodspeed and Gates-Blake Halls, with President [[William Rainey Harper]], professors, and trustees in attendance, July 1, 1894.<ref>{{cite web |title=Convocations : Photographic Archive : The University of Chicago |url=http://photoarchive.lib.uchicago.edu/db.xqy?one=apf3-00416.xml |website=photoarchive.lib.uchicago.edu |publisher=University of Chicago Library |access-date=August 17, 2022 |archive-date=October 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025005012/http://photoarchive.lib.uchicago.edu/db.xqy?one=apf3-00416.xml |url-status=live}}</ref>]]The first University of Chicago was founded by a small group of [[Baptists in the United States|Baptist]] educators in 1856 through a land endowment from Senator [[Stephen A. Douglas]]. It closed in 1886 after years of financial struggle and a final ''[[annus horribilis]]'' in which the campus was badly damaged by fire and the school was foreclosed on by its creditors.<ref>{{cite web |title=Agreement Between Stephen A. Douglas and John C. Burroughs (1856), Folder 2, Box 3, Old University of Chicago Records, Special Collections, University of Chicago. |url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/ead/pdf/olduofc-0002-002.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905081325/https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/ead/pdf/olduofc-0002-002.pdf |archive-date=September 5, 2018 |access-date=June 26, 2017 |website=UChicago.edu}}</ref> Several years later, its trustees elected to change the school's name to the "[[Old University of Chicago]]" so that a new school could go by the name of the city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guide to the Old University of Chicago Records 1856-1890 |url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/findingaids/view.php?eadid=ICU.SPCL.OLDUOFC |access-date=September 21, 2017 |website=www.lib.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref>

===Early years===
{{EB1911 poster|Chicago, University of|the founding and early years}}
In 1890, the [[American Baptist Churches USA|American Baptist Education Society]] incorporated a new University of Chicago as a [[Mixed-sex education|coeducational]]<ref name="goodspeed">{{cite book |last=Goodspeed |first=Thomas Wakefield |title=A History of the University of Chicago |url=https://archive.org/details/ahistoryunivers00goodgoog |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |location=Chicago |year=1916 |isbn=0-226-30367-5}}</ref>{{rp|137}} institution, using $400,000 donated to the ABES to supplement a $600,000 donation from [[Standard Oil]] co-founder [[John D. Rockefeller]],<ref>{{cite journal |title=The Decennial Publications of the University of Chicago |url=https://archive.org/details/decennialpublic01chicgoog |journal=Science |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |location=Chicago |volume=1 |issue=501 |year=1903 |page=498 |bibcode=1904Sci....20..187. |doi=10.1126/science.20.501.187}}</ref> and land donated by [[Marshall Field]].<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/about/history.shtml |url-status=live |publisher=University of Chicago |access-date=May 26, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526175937/http://www.uchicago.edu/about/history.shtml |archive-date=May 26, 2011}}</ref> While the Rockefeller donation provided money for academic operations and long-term endowment, it was stipulated that such money could not be used for buildings. The [[Hyde Park, Chicago|Hyde Park]] campus’ construction was financed by donations from wealthy Chicagoans such as [[Silas B. Cobb]], who provided the funds for the campus's first building, [[Cobb Lecture Hall]], and matched Marshall Field's pledge of $100,000. Other early benefactors included businessmen [[Charles L. Hutchinson]] (trustee, treasurer and donor of [[Hutchinson Commons]]), [[Martin A. Ryerson]] (president of the board of trustees and donor of the Ryerson Physical Laboratory) [[Adolphus Clay Bartlett]] and Leon Mandel, who funded the construction of the gymnasium and assembly hall, and George C. Walker of the Walker Museum, a relative of Cobb who encouraged his inaugural donation for facilities.<ref>{{cite web |title=The University of Chicago and its Donors, 1889–1930 |url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/webexhibits/building/buildings.html |url-status=live |publisher=University of Chicago |access-date=November 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109182601/http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/webexhibits/building/buildings.html |archive-date=November 9, 2015}}</ref>

The new university acknowledged its predecessor.<ref name="frederick"/>  The university's coat of arms has a phoenix rising from the ashes, a reference to the fire and foreclosure of the Old University of Chicago.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/ead/pdf/olduofc-0009-004.pdf |title=Old University of Chicago Records, Folder 4, Box 9, Special Collections, University of Chicago. |access-date=June 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922051000/https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/ead/pdf/olduofc-0009-004.pdf |archive-date=September 22, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> A single stone from the rubble of the original Douglas Hall on 34th Place was set into the wall of the Classics Building. The dean of the college and University of Chicago and professor of history John Boyer has argued that the University of Chicago has "a plausible genealogy as a pre–Civil War institution".<ref>John Boyer, ''The University of Chicago: A History'' (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015), 59.</ref> Alumni from the Old University of Chicago are recognized as alumni of the University of Chicago.<ref>John Boyer, ''The University of Chicago: A History'' (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015), 58–59.</ref>

[[William Rainey Harper]] became the university's president on July 1, 1891, and the Hyde Park campus opened for classes on October 1, 1892.<ref name="frederick">{{cite book | last=Rudolph | first=Frederick | title=The American College and University: A History | publisher=Knopf | year=1962 | page=351 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3se-H1Y_l7kC&pg=PA351 | isbn=978-0-8203-1284-2 | access-date=November 24, 2020 | archive-date=March 8, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308042336/https://books.google.com/books?id=3se-H1Y_l7kC&pg=PA351 | url-status=live }}</ref> Harper worked on building up the faculty and in two years had a faculty of 120, including eight former university or college presidents.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dept.harpercollege.edu/library/archives/williamraineyharper.html |title=Harper College Archives – Wiliiam Rainey Harper |last=Firestein |first=Martin |website=Harper College Library Archives |access-date=September 21, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161109055914/http://dept.harpercollege.edu/library/archives/williamraineyharper.html |archive-date=November 9, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Harper was a [[Semiticist]] and a member of the Baptist clergy who believed that a great university should maintain the study of faith as a central focus.<ref>{{cite web | url= https://divinity.uchicago.edu/history-and-mission#sthash.FRbXtlNP.dpuf | title= History and Mission, The University of Chicago Divinity School | access-date= May 20, 2016 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160607193124/http://divinity.uchicago.edu/history-and-mission#sthash.FRbXtlNP.dpuf | archive-date= June 7, 2016 | url-status= dead }}</ref> To fulfill this commitment, he brought the [[Baptists|Baptist]] seminary that had begun as an independent school "alongside" the Old University of Chicago and separated from the old school decades earlier to Morgan Park. This became the [[University of Chicago Divinity School|Divinity School]] in 1891, the first professional school at the University of Chicago.<ref name="goodspeed" />{{rp|20–22}}

In 1892, Harper recruited Yale baseball and football player [[Amos Alonzo Stagg]] from the [[YMCA|Young Men's Christian Association]] training school at [[Springfield College (Massachusetts)|Springfield]] to coach the school's football program.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Muscular Christianity|last=Ladd|first=Tony|publisher=Bridgepoint Books|year=1999|isbn=0-8010-5847-3|location=Grand Rapids, MI|pages=64–68|url=https://archive.org/details/muscularchristia0000ladd/page/65}}</ref> Stagg was given the position of associate professor in physical education, becoming the first football coach and athletic director in the university's history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Youngstown Vindicator - Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7zxfAAAAIBAJ&pg=3170,9073092 |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=news.google.com}}</ref> While coaching at the university, Stagg invented the numbered football jersey and the huddle.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reider |first=Bruce |date=April 2007 |title=The Grand Old Men |journal=[[The American Journal of Sports Medicine]] |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=529–530 |doi=10.1177/0363546507300231 |pmid=17413129 |s2cid=33296565 |via=Sage Journals}}</ref> Stagg is the namesake of the university's [[Stagg Field]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Outdoor Athletic Complex |url=https://athletics.uchicago.edu/sports/2023/6/12/facilities-athletic-fields.aspx |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=University of Chicago |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Booth School of Business|business school]] was founded in 1898,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagobooth.edu/about/history.aspx|title=Chicago Booth History|publisher=University of Chicago Booth School of Business|access-date=September 8, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602073840/http://www.chicagobooth.edu/about/history.aspx|archive-date=June 2, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the [[University of Chicago Law School|law school]] was founded in 1902.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.law.uchicago.edu/school/history|title=History of the Law School|date=June 18, 2009 |publisher=University of Chicago Law School|access-date=September 8, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090728070908/http://www.law.uchicago.edu/school/history|archive-date=July 28, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> Harper died in 1906<ref>{{cite web|url=http://president.uchicago.edu/history/harper.shtml|title=History of the Office:William Rainey Harper|publisher=University of Chicago|access-date=September 8, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091028122502/http://president.uchicago.edu/history/harper.shtml|archive-date=October 28, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> and was replaced by a succession of three presidents whose tenures lasted until 1929.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://president.uchicago.edu/history/|title=History of the Office|publisher=University of Chicago|access-date=September 8, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912004333/http://president.uchicago.edu/history/|archive-date=September 12, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> During this period, the [[Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, West Asia & North Africa|Oriental Institute]] was founded to support and interpret [[archeological]] work in what was then called the Near East.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oi.uchicago.edu/research/history/|title=A Brief History of the Oriental Institute|publisher=The Oriental Institute|quote=Since its establishment in 1919, the Oriental Institute (now known as the Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, West Asia & North Africa) has sponsored archaeological and survey expeditions in every country of the Near East.|access-date=September 8, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090321210727/http://oi.uchicago.edu/research/history/|archive-date=March 21, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 1890s, the university, concerned that its vast resources would injure smaller schools by drawing away good students, affiliated with several regional colleges and universities: [[Des Moines College]], [[Kalamazoo College]], [[Butler University]], and [[Stetson University]]. In 1896, the university affiliated with [[Shimer College]] in Mount Carroll, Illinois. Under the terms of the affiliation, the schools were required to have courses of study comparable to those at the university, to notify the university early of any contemplated faculty appointments or dismissals, to make no faculty appointment without the university's approval, and to send copies of examinations for suggestions. The University of Chicago agreed to confer a degree on any graduating senior from an affiliated school who made a grade of A for all four years, and on any other graduate who took twelve weeks additional study at the University of Chicago. A student or faculty member of an affiliated school was entitled to free tuition at the University of Chicago, and Chicago students were eligible to attend an affiliated school on the same terms and receive credit for their work. The University of Chicago also agreed to provide affiliated schools with books and scientific apparatus and supplies at cost; special instructors and lecturers without cost except for travel expenses; and a copy of every book and journal published by the [[University of Chicago Press]] at no cost. The agreement provided that either party could terminate the affiliation on proper notice. Several University of Chicago professors disliked the program, as it involved uncompensated additional labor on their part, and they believed it cheapened the academic reputation of the university. The program was ended by 1910.<ref>Gilbert Lycan, ''Stetson University: The First 100 Years at 70–72,'' pp. 165–185 (Stetson University Press, 1983)</ref>

In 1900, the university co-founded the [[Association of American Universities]] with thirteen other universities, including [[Harvard University|Harvard]], [[Columbia University|Columbia]], and [[Johns Hopkins University|John Hopkins]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=AAU History |url=https://www.aau.edu/aau-history |access-date=May 16, 2023 |website=Association of American Universities}}</ref>

=== 1920s–1980s ===
[[File:ChicagoPileTeam.png|left|thumb|Some of the University of Chicago team that worked on the production of the world's first human-caused self-sustaining nuclear reaction, including [[Enrico Fermi]] in the front row and [[Leó Szilárd]] in the second|alt=A group of people in suits standing in three rows on the steps in front of a stone building]]

In 1929, the university's fifth president, 30-year-old legal philosophy scholar [[Robert Maynard Hutchins]], took office. The university underwent many changes during his 24-year tenure. Hutchins reformed the undergraduate college's curriculum into a liberal-arts curriculum, which survives today in the form of a Common Core.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=History of the Core {{!}} The College {{!}} The University of Chicago {{!}} The University of Chicago |url=https://college.uchicago.edu/academics/core/history |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=college.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> He also organized the university's graduate work into four divisions,<ref name="hutchins" /> and eliminated varsity football from the university in an attempt to emphasize academics over athletics.<ref name="hutchins">{{cite web |url=http://president.uchicago.edu/history/hutchins.shtml |title=History of the Office |publisher=The University of Chicago Office of the President |date=November 6, 2008 |access-date=September 14, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091028123034/http://president.uchicago.edu/history/hutchins.shtml |archive-date=October 28, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref> During his term, the University of Chicago Hospitals (now called the [[University of Chicago Medical Center]]) finished construction and enrolled their first medical students.<ref name="hospitalhistory">{{cite web |url=http://www.uchospitals.edu/about/history.html |title=A Brief History of the Medical Center |publisher=The University of Chicago Medical Center |access-date=September 14, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091202082321/http://www.uchospitals.edu/about/history.html |archive-date=December 2, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref> Furthermore, the philosophy oriented [[Committee on Social Thought]] was created.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About {{!}} John U. Nef Committee on Social Thought |url=https://socialthought.uchicago.edu/about |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=socialthought.uchicago.edu}}</ref>

Money that had been raised during the 1920s and financial backing from the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] helped the school to survive through the [[Great Depression]].<ref name="hutchins" /> In 1933, Hutchins proposed a plan to merge the University of Chicago and [[Northwestern University]], though it was ultimately abandoned.<ref name="merger">{{cite web|title=The "Universities of Chicago" Proposal |url=http://www.northwestern.edu/about/historic-moments/academics/the-universities-of-chicago.html|publisher=Northwestern University|access-date=September 8, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527160652/http://www.northwestern.edu/about/historic-moments/academics/the-universities-of-chicago.html|archive-date=May 27, 2010|url-status=dead }}</ref> During World War II, the university's [[Metallurgical Laboratory]] contributed to the [[Manhattan Project]].<ref name="manhattan">{{cite web|url=http://www.atomicheritage.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=155|title=University of Chicago Met Lab|publisher=Atomic Heritage Foundation|access-date=July 31, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612002453/http://www.atomicheritage.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=155|archive-date=June 12, 2011|url-status=dead }}</ref> The university was the site of the first isolation of [[plutonium]] and of the creation of the first artificial, self-sustained nuclear reaction by [[Enrico Fermi]] in 1942.<ref name="manhattan" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0044&numPages=51&fp=N |website=DOE R&D Accomplishments |publisher=Office of Scientific & Technical Information |title=The First Reactor|quote=On December 2, 1942, in a racquets court underneath the West Stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, a team of scientists led by Enrico Fermi created man's first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.|access-date=July 15, 2009|date=December 1982|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512015519/http://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0044&numPages=51&fp=N|archive-date=May 12, 2009|url-status=dead }}</ref>

In the early 1950s, student applications declined as a result of increasing crime and poverty in the Hyde Park neighborhood. In response, the university became a major sponsor of an [[Hyde Park, Chicago#Racial integration, economic decline, and urban renewal|urban renewal project for Hyde Park]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-02-02 |title=HPKCC Story and role in Urban Renewal |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202210326/https://www.hydepark.org/historicpres/HPKCCstoryurbren.htm |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref> which called for the clearing of 101 acres of land. Of the buildings proposed for demolition, 78% were substandard. During this period the university, and later the affiliated Shimer College, adopted an early entrant program that allowed students with two years of high school education to attend college.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dzuback |first=Mary Ann |title=Robert M. Hutchins: portrait of an educator |date=1991 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-226-17710-6 |location=Chicago |pages=69}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 1950 |title=Hutchins Sells Shimer on 'Chicago Plan' of Education |url=https://hpherald.newsbank.com/doc/image/v2:13EDAA8FD407386D@NGPA-ILHPH-1406A5A6416AD12A@2433391-1406A5A642A8E850@11-1406A5A6A26D6CC6@Hutchins+Sells+Shimer+on+%2527Chicago+Plan%2527+of+Education?search_terms=shimer&text=shimer&content_added=&date_from=&date_to=&pub%255B0%255D=13EDAA8FD407386D&pdate=1950-04-19 |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=hpherald.newsbank.com}}</ref>

[[File:Chicago Maroon (January 17, 1962).pdf|thumb|upright|left|Front page of ''[[The Chicago Maroon|Chicago Maroon]]'' breaking the news of the university's segregationist off-campus rental policies]]

The university experienced its share of student unrest during the 1960s, beginning in 1962 when then-freshman [[Bernie Sanders]] helped lead a [[University of Chicago sit-ins|15-day sit-in at the college's administration building]] in a protest over the university's segregationist off-campus rental policies. After continued turmoil, a university committee in 1967 issued what became known as the [[Kalven report|Kalven Report]]. The report, a two-page statement of the university's policy in "social and political action," declared that "To perform its mission in the society, a university must sustain an extraordinary environment of freedom of inquiry and maintain an independence from political fashions, passions, and pressures."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/kalvenreport.pdf |title=Kalven Committee: Report on the University's Role in Political and Social Action|access-date=October 14, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923185337/http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/kalvenreport.pdf |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> The report has since been used to justify decisions such as the university's refusal to divest from South Africa in the 1980s and Darfur in the late 2000s.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fang |first=Marina |url=http://chicagomaroon.com/2013/02/21/born-amidst-60s-student-protests-kalven-report-remains-controversial/ |title=Born amidst '60s student protests, Kalven Report remains controversial |publisher=ChicagoMaroon.com |access-date=January 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160725125709/http://chicagomaroon.com/2013/02/21/born-amidst-60s-student-protests-kalven-report-remains-controversial/ |archive-date=July 25, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1969, after the sociology department unanimously declined to rehire assistant professor [[Marlene Dixon]] (an open [[Marxism|Marxist]]), over 400 students occupied the Administration Building for two weeks to protest the perceived politically motivated decision.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sinhababu |first=Supriya |title=The sit-in: 40 years later |url=https://chicagomaroon.com/22887/grey-city/the-sit-in-40-years-later/ |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=Chicago Maroon}}</ref> After the sit-in ended when Dixon turned down a one-year reappointment, 42 students were expelled and 81 were suspended,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alumniweekend.uchicago.edu/reu-72-scrap.shtml |title=The University of Chicago – Alumni Weekend |publisher=Alumniweekend.uchicago.edu |access-date=September 14, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907211148/http://alumniweekend.uchicago.edu/reu-72-scrap.shtml |archive-date=September 7, 2008 }}</ref> the most severe response to student occupations of any American university during the student movement.<ref>{{cite book|first=Eileen|last=Boris|title=Voices of Women Historians: The Personal, the Political, the Professional|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2BHlbO6eJrQC&pg=PA33|access-date=June 11, 2008|publisher=Indiana university Press|isbn=978-0-253-33494-7|year=1999|archive-date=March 8, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308042330/https://books.google.com/books?id=2BHlbO6eJrQC&pg=PA33|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1978, history scholar [[Hanna Holborn Gray]], then the provost and acting president of [[Yale University]], became president of the University of Chicago, a position she held for 15 years. She was the first woman in the United States to hold the presidency of a major university.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/president/history/gray.shtml |title=Hanna Holborn Gray (1978–1993) |publisher=University of Chicago News Office |date=March 9, 2006 |access-date=September 14, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619130714/http://www-news.uchicago.edu/president/history/gray.shtml |archive-date=June 19, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1989, the [[University of Chicago Graduate Library School|Graduate Library School]] was closed.<ref>{{cite journal |date=February 15, 1989 |title=Chicago GLS to close |journal=Library Journal |volume=114 |page=111}}</ref>

=== 1990s–2020s ===
[[File:Harper Midway Chicago.jpg|thumb|View from the [[Midway Plaisance]]]]
In 1999, President [[Hugo F. Sonnenschein|Hugo Sonnenschein]] announced plans to relax the university's [[core curriculum]], reducing the number of required courses from 21 to 15. When ''[[The New York Times]]'', ''[[The Economist]]'', and other news outlets picked up this story, the university became the focal point of a national debate on education. The changes were ultimately implemented, but the controversy played a role in Sonnenschein's decision to resign in 2000.<ref name="corewar">{{cite book | last = Beam | first = Alex | title = A Great Idea at the Time | publisher = Public Affairs | year = 2008 | page = 152 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xyQOZUzkt3UC&pg=PA153 | isbn = 978-1-58648-487-3 | access-date = March 26, 2019 | archive-date = March 8, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230308042413/https://books.google.com/books?id=xyQOZUzkt3UC&pg=PA153 | url-status = live }}</ref>

From the mid-2000s, the university began a number of multi-million dollar expansion projects. In 2008, the University of Chicago announced the establishment of the [[Milton Friedman Institute]], which attracted both support and controversy from faculty members and {{nowrap|students.<ref>{{cite news|last=Staley and Lippert|first=Oliver and John|title=Milton Friedman Institute Spurs Chicago Faculty Clash (Update3)|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=akM_dI3rWYKo|newspaper=Bloomberg|date=October 15, 2008|access-date=March 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121074446/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=akM_dI3rWYKo|archive-date=November 21, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Jacobsen|first=Kurt|title=Milton Friedman gives Chicago a headache|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2008/aug/26/economics.miltonfriedman|newspaper=The Guardian|date=August 26, 2008|location=London|access-date=December 13, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305042507/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2008/aug/26/economics.miltonfriedman|archive-date=March 5, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Cohen|first=Patricia|title=On Chicago Campus, Milton Friedman's Legacy of Controversy Continues|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/12/books/12milt.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 12, 2008|access-date=February 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302141240/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/12/books/12milt.html|archive-date=March 2, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="petition">{{cite web | title=Milton Friedman Petition | url=http://faculty.chicagogsb.edu/john.cochrane/research/Papers/friedman_letter.htm | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108175322/http://faculty.chicagogsb.edu/john.cochrane/research/Papers/friedman_letter.htm | archive-date=January 8, 2009 | df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Cochrane|first=John|title=Comments on the Milton Friedman Institute Protest letter|url=http://faculty.chicagobooth.edu/john.cochrane/research/papers/friedman_letter_comments.htm|access-date=June 5, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714162944/http://faculty.chicagobooth.edu/john.cochrane/research/papers/friedman_letter_comments.htm|archive-date=July 14, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>}} The institute was later merged with the Becker Center on Chicago Price Theory to form the new [[Becker Friedman Institute for Research in Economics]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-06-17 |title=Becker Friedman Institute established at University of Chicago {{!}} University of Chicago News |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/becker-friedman-institute-established-university-chicago |access-date=2025-05-14 |website=news.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> In 2008, investor [[David G. Booth]] donated $300&nbsp;million to the university's [[University of Chicago Booth School of Business|Booth School of Business]], which is the largest gift in the university's history and the largest gift ever to any business school.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=aAHS0r6IylXI |title=Booth Donates $300 Million to Chicago Business School |access-date=November 10, 2008 |publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]] |date=November 7, 2008 |archive-date=March 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308042341/https://www.bloomberg.com/politics?pid=20601103&sid=aAHS0r6IylXI |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2009, planning or construction on several new buildings, half of which cost $100&nbsp;million or more, was underway.<ref name="construction">{{cite magazine|url=http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0906/features/make_no_little_quads.shtml|magazine=University of Chicago Magazine|last=Pridmore|first=Jay|title=Make No Little Quads|access-date=July 21, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090809151723/http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0906/features/make_no_little_quads.shtml|archive-date=August 9, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> Since 2011, major construction projects have included the Jules and Gwen Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery, a ten-story medical research center, and further additions to the medical campus of the [[University of Chicago Medical Center]].<ref name="knapp">{{cite press release | title=$25 million gift from Jules and Gwen Knapp will help build 10-story medical research facility at the University of Chicago | publisher=University of Chicago News Office | url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/06/060210.knapp.shtml | access-date=June 11, 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830170415/http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/06/060210.knapp.shtml | archive-date=August 30, 2006 | url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014, the university launched the public phase of a $4.5 billion [[fundraising]] campaign.<ref>{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Mitch|title=University of Chicago announces $4.5 billion fundraising campaign|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2014/05/08/university-of-chicago-announces-45-billion-fundraising-campaign/|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|access-date=December 22, 2015|date=May 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225091845/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-05-08/news/chi-university-of-chicago-announces-45-billion-fundraising-campaign-20140508_1_previous-campaign-chicago-campaign-chicago-area|archive-date=December 25, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2015, the university received $100 million from The Pearson Family Foundation to establish The Pearson Institute for the Study and Resolution of Global Conflicts and The Pearson Global Forum at the [[Harris School of Public Policy]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Glanton|first=Dahleen|title=U. of C. gets $100 million donation to study global conflict|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-u-of-chicago-100-million-donation-global-conflict-20150930-story.html|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|access-date=December 2, 2015|date=September 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151201231909/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-u-of-chicago-100-million-donation-global-conflict-20150930-story.html|archive-date=December 1, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2019, the university created its first school in three decades, the [[Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering]].<ref name="wsjarticleonnewengineeringschool">{{Cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/university-of-chicago-launches-school-of-molecular-engineering-11559055600 |title=University of Chicago Launches School of Molecular Engineering |last=Holland |first=Jake |date=May 28, 2019 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=May 28, 2019 |language=en-US |issn=0099-9660 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528172510/https://www.wsj.com/articles/university-of-chicago-launches-school-of-molecular-engineering-11559055600 |archive-date=May 28, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-met-university-of-chicago-molecular-engineering-20190528-story.html |title=University of Chicago receives $75M to launch campus' first engineering school |last=Rhodes |first=Dawn |date=May 28, 2019 |access-date=May 28, 2019 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528175917/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-met-university-of-chicago-molecular-engineering-20190528-story.html |archive-date=May 28, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On April 29, 2024, students at the University of Chicago set up [[List of pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses in the United States in 2024#Illinois|an encampment on the university's main quad]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 29, 2024 |title=University of Chicago students set up pro-Palestinian encampment on campus as protests spread |url=https://chicago.suntimes.com/israel-hamas-war/2024/04/29/university-of-chicago-protest-camp-palestine-israel-hamas |access-date=August 5, 2024 |website=Chicago Sun-Times |language=en}}</ref> as a part of [[2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses|the nationwide movement]] in support of Palestine at institutions of higher learning across the country. The encampment was cleared by the University of Chicago Police Department on May 7.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maheras |first=Peter |title=Police raid quad encampment |url=https://chicagomaroon.com/43157/news/breaking-police-arrive-on-main-quad-in-riot-gear-tell-protesters-to-leave/ |access-date=August 5, 2024 |website=Chicago Maroon}}</ref>

== Campus ==

=== Main campus ===
{{wide image|UniversityofChicagoPanoramic.jpg|1049px|The campus of the University of Chicago, from the top of [[Rockefeller Chapel]]. The Main Quadrangles can be seen on the left (west), the [[Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, West Asia & North Africa]] and the [[Becker Friedman Institute for Research in Economics]] can be seen in the center (north) and the [[University of Chicago Booth School of Business|Booth School of Business]] and [[University of Chicago Laboratory Schools|Laboratory Schools]] can be seen on the right (east), as the panoramic is bounded on both sides by the [[Midway Plaisance]] (south).|alt=The campus of the University of Chicago}}

The main campus of the University of Chicago consists of {{convert|217|acre|ha|1}} in the Chicago neighborhoods of [[Hyde Park, Chicago|Hyde Park]] and [[Woodlawn, Chicago|Woodlawn]], approximately {{convert|8|mi|km|spell=in}} south of [[Chicago Loop|downtown Chicago]]. The northern and southern portions of campus are separated by the [[Midway Plaisance]], a large, linear park created for the 1893 [[World's Columbian Exposition]]. In 2011, ''[[Travel+Leisure]]'' listed the university as one of the most beautiful college campuses in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/americas-most-beautiful-college-campuses/27 |title="America's most beautiful college campuses", ''Travel+Leisure'' (September 2011) |publisher=Travelandleisure.com |date=July 10, 2014 |access-date=July 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802110608/http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/americas-most-beautiful-college-campuses/27 |archive-date=August 2, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:John List- Extra footage 3-VPRO-The Mind of the Universe.ogv|thumb|right|Aerial shots from the University of Chicago campus]]

[[File:Harper Quadrangle.jpg|thumb|View of university building from the Harper Quadrangle]]

The first buildings of the campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles, were part of a master plan conceived by two University of Chicago trustees and plotted by Chicago architect [[Henry Ives Cobb]].<ref name="famousbldgs" /> The Main Quadrangles consist of six [[quadrangle (architecture)|quadrangles]], each surrounded by buildings, bordering one larger quadrangle.<ref name="goodspeed" />{{rp|221}} The buildings of the Main Quadrangles were designed by Cobb, [[Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge]], [[Holabird & Roche]], and other architectural firms in a mixture of the [[Victorian Gothic]] and [[Collegiate Gothic]] styles, patterned on the colleges of the University of Oxford.<ref name="famousbldgs">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/chicagosfamousbu0000schu/page/246|title=Chicago's Famous Buildings|last1=Schulze|first1=Franz|last2=Harrington|first2=Kevin|edition=5th|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=0-226-74066-8|year=2003|pages=[https://archive.org/details/chicagosfamousbu0000schu/page/246 246–50]|access-date=August 31, 2009}}</ref> (Mitchell Tower, for example, is modeled after Oxford's [[Magdalen Tower]],<ref name="mitchell">{{cite magazine|title=Architectural Details|date=December 2002|magazine=The University of Chicago Magazine|url=http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0212/alumni/arch.html|access-date=April 30, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060518050733/http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0212/alumni/arch.html|archive-date=May 18, 2006|url-status=live}}</ref> and the university Commons, [[Hutchinson Hall]], replicates [[Christ Church, Oxford|Christ Church]] Hall.<ref>{{cite book|last=Robertson|first=David Allan|title=The University of Chicago: An Official Guide |url=https://archive.org/details/universityofchic00univ|access-date=August 31, 2009|edition=3rd|year=1919|publisher=University of Chicago Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/universityofchic00univ/page/48 48]}}</ref>) In celebration of the 2018 Illinois Bicentennial, the University of Chicago Quadrangles<ref>{{cite web |title=AIA Illinois Great Places – University of Chicago Quadrangle |url=http://www.illinoisgreatplaces.com/#detail/university_of_chicago_quadrangle-081/type=educational/city=chicago |access-date=January 26, 2021 |website=www.illinoisgreatplaces.com |language=en |archive-date=October 31, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031032430/http://www.illinoisgreatplaces.com/#detail/university_of_chicago_quadrangle-081/type=educational/city=chicago |url-status=live }}</ref> were selected as one of the Illinois 200 Great Places by the [[American Institute of Architects]] Illinois component (AIA Illinois).<ref>{{cite news|last=Waldinger|first=Mike|title=The proud history of architecture in Illinois|url=https://springfieldbusinessjournal.com/2018/01/the-proud-history-of-architecture-in-illinois/|access-date=January 30, 2018|newspaper=Springfield Business Journal|date=January 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613084700/https://springfieldbusinessjournal.com/2018/01/the-proud-history-of-architecture-in-illinois/|archive-date=June 13, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Mitchell-Magdalen comparison.jpg|thumb|left|Many older buildings of the University of Chicago employ [[Collegiate Gothic]] architecture like that of the University of Oxford. For example, Chicago's Mitchell Tower (left) was modeled after Oxford's [[Magdalen Tower, Oxford|Magdalen Tower]] (right).]]

After the 1940s, the campus's Gothic style began to give way to modern styles.<ref name="famousbldgs" /> In 1955, [[Eero Saarinen]] was contracted to develop a second master plan, which led to the construction of buildings both north and south of the Midway, including the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle (a complex designed by Saarinen);<ref name="famousbldgs"/> a series of arts buildings;<ref name="famousbldgs"/> a building designed by [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]] for the university's School of Social Service Administration,<ref name="famousbldgs"/> a building which is to become the home of the [[Harris School of Public Policy]] by [[Edward Durrell Stone]], and the [[Regenstein Library]], the largest building on campus, a [[brutalist architecture|brutalist]] structure designed by [[Walter Netsch]] of the Chicago firm [[Skidmore, Owings & Merrill]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0878/chicago_journal/books.shtml|title=There Will Be Books|last=Puma|first=Amy Braverman|magazine=University of Chicago Magazine|year=2007|access-date=September 6, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621080611/http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0878/chicago_journal/books.shtml|archive-date=June 21, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> Another master plan, designed in 1999 and updated in 2004,<ref name="twentytwenty">{{cite magazine|url=http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0502/chicagojournal/2020.shtml|title=2020 Vision|magazine=University of Chicago Magazine|last=Braverman|first=Amy M.|date=February 2005|issue=3|volume=27|access-date=September 16, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621140734/http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0502/chicagojournal/2020.shtml|archive-date=June 21, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> produced the [[Gerald Ratner Athletics Center]] (2003),<ref name="twentytwenty"/> the [[Max Palevsky Residential Commons]] (2001),<ref name="famousbldgs"/> [[South Campus Residence Hall]] and dining commons (2009), a new children's hospital,<ref name="milestones">{{cite magazine | url = http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0878/features/momentum.shtml | title = Of Milestones and Momentum | access-date = September 16, 2009 | magazine = The University of Chicago Magazine | date = July–August 2008 | volume = 100 | issue = 6 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090131175610/http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0878/features/momentum.shtml | archive-date = January 31, 2009 | url-status = live }}</ref> and other construction, expansions, and restorations.<ref>[http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0878/features/on_the_map.shtml The University of Chicago Magazine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090131163246/http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0878/features/on_the_map.shtml |date=January 31, 2009 }}. Magazine.uchicago.edu. Retrieved on August 15, 2013.</ref> In 2011, the university completed the glass dome-shaped [[Joe and Rika Mansueto Library]], which provides a grand reading room for the university library and prevents the need for an off-campus book depository.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Site Protection - Verification Required |url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/turnstile/challenge/?next=/mansueto/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=www.lib.uchicago.edu}}</ref>

The site of [[Chicago Pile-1]] is a [[National Historic Landmark]] and is marked by the [[Henry Moore]] sculpture ''[[Nuclear Energy (sculpture)|Nuclear Energy]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=204&ResourceType=Site|title=Site of the First Self-Sustaining Nuclear Reaction|date=April 16, 2003 |publisher=National Historic Landmarks Program|access-date=September 12, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405180502/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=204&ResourceType=Site|archive-date=April 5, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Robie House]], a [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] building acquired by the university in 1963, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/ UNESCO World Heritage Site]</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/07/arts/design/frank-lloyd-wright-unesco.html|title=Unesco AddsFrank Lloyd Wright's Architecture to World Heritage List|work=[[New York Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820035137/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/07/arts/design/frank-lloyd-wright-unesco.html|archive-date=August 20, 2019|date=August 7, 2019}}</ref> as well as a National Historic Landmark,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robiehouse.com/aboutus/aboutus.html |title=About Us |publisher=Frank Lloyd Wright Preservation Trust |access-date=September 8, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071219025633/http://robiehouse.com/aboutus/aboutus.html |archive-date=December 19, 2007 }}</ref> as is room 405 of the [[George Herbert Jones Laboratory]], where [[Glenn T. Seaborg]] and his team were the first to isolate plutonium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=735&ResourceType=Building|title=Room 405, George Herbert Jones Laboratory|date=April 16, 2003 |publisher=National Historic Landmarks Program|access-date=September 12, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208100011/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=735&ResourceType=Building|archive-date=February 8, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Hitchcock Hall]], an undergraduate dormitory, is on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nrhp">{{cite web|url=http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreghome.do?searchtype=natreghome|title=National Register of Historic Places NPS Focus database|publisher=[[National Park Service]]|access-date=January 17, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803035425/http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreghome.do?searchtype=natreghome|archive-date=August 3, 2012|url-status=live}} Resource Name = Hitchcock, Charles, Hall; Reference Number = 74000751</ref>

Adjacent to the campus in Jackson Park is the home of the [[Barack Obama Presidential Center|Obama Presidential Center]], the Presidential Library for the 44th president of the United States<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.obamalibrary.gov/#event-number-86 | title=Barack Obama Presidential Library &#124; Barack Obama Presidential Library }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.obama.org/presidential-center/ | title=About the Obama Presidential Center }}</ref> with expected completion in 2026. The Obamas settled in the university's Hyde Park neighborhood where they raised their children and where [[Barack Obama]] began his political career. [[Michelle Obama]] served as an administrator at the university and founded the university's Community Service Center.<ref>{{cite web | title=University Community Service Center | website=ucsc.uchicago.edu | url=https://ucsc.uchicago.edu/ }}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" caption="Campus of the University of Chicago">
File:Snell Hitchcock1.JPG|[[Snell-Hitchcock]], an undergraduate dormitory constructed in the early 20th century, is part of the Main Quadrangles. <!-- One of them, Hitchcock Hall, is on the National Register of Historic Places.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://housing.uchicago.edu/college_houses/hitchcock.shtml|title=Hitchcock House|publisher=University of Chicago Housing and Dining Services|access-date=September 11, 2009}}</ref> -->
File:Rockefeller Chapel Entire Structure.jpg|[[Rockefeller Chapel]], constructed in 1928, was designed by [[Bertram Goodhue]] in the neo-Gothic style.
File:Henry Hinds Laboratory at University of Chicago5.jpg|The Henry Hinds Laboratory for Geophysical Sciences was built in 1969.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://photofiles.lib.uchicago.edu/db.xqy?one=apf2-03501.xml|title=Henry Hinds Laboratory Architect's Drawings|publisher=University of Chicago Archival Photographic Files|access-date=September 10, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617140204/http://photofiles.lib.uchicago.edu/db.xqy?one=apf2-03501.xml|archive-date=June 17, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:Ratner Athletic Center.jpg|The [[Gerald Ratner Athletics Center]], opened in 2003 and designed by [[Cesar Pelli]], houses the volleyball, wrestling, swimming, and basketball teams.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://athletics.uchicago.edu/facilities/ratner-overview.htm|title=Overview|publisher=The University of Chicago|access-date=October 10, 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080616150245/http://athletics.uchicago.edu/facilities/ratner-overview.htm |archive-date = June 16, 2008}}</ref>
</gallery>

==== Transportation ====
The university participates in the U-Pass program with the [[Chicago Transit Authority|Chicago Transit Authority (CTA)]], which provides unlimited rides on CTA busses and trains for undergraduate students during the school year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U-Pass - Fare information |url=https://www.transitchicago.com/upass/default.aspx |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=CTA |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=CTA U-Pass {{!}} The College {{!}} The University of Chicago {{!}} The University of Chicago |url=https://college.uchicago.edu/student-services/cta-u-pass |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=college.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> The campus is served by the CTA [[Red Line (CTA)|Red Line]] and [[Green Line (CTA)|Green Line]], as well as the [[Metra Electric District|Metra Electric District Line]] and the [[South Shore Line]].<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Public Transportation |url=https://safety-security.uchicago.edu/en/transportation/public-transportation |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=safety-security.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> All of these lines provide access to downtown Chicago.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Metra Electric (ME) {{!}} Metra |url=https://metra.com/train-lines/me |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=metra.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Green Line (Route info, alerts & schedules) |url=https://www.transitchicago.com/greenline/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=CTA |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Red Line (Route info, alerts & schedules) |url=https://www.transitchicago.com/redline/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=CTA |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stations & Map |url=https://mysouthshoreline.com/plan-your-trip/stations-map/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=South Shore Line |language=en-US}}</ref> The campus is also served by a network of [[CTA bus routes|CTA bus lines]].<ref name=":7" />

The university provides a shuttle program that runs year-round. There are both day-time and night-time routes, most of which operate within Hyde Park.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Shuttle Services |url=https://safety-security.uchicago.edu/transportation/shuttle-services/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=safety-security.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> In 2022, the university added a Downtown Campus Connector to its shuttle program, which runs on the weekdays and connects the main Hyde Park campus to the Gleacher Center and downtown UChicago Medicine clinics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Downtown Campus Connector |url=https://safety-security.uchicago.edu/news-alerts/2022-12-20-Downtown-Campus-Connector |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=safety-security.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> There are also a number of [[Divvy]] bike sharing locations on campus.<ref name=":8" />

In 2024, the University unveiled a [[Via Transportation|Via]] program ahead of the 2024-2025 school year, which provides unlimited free rides on campus in shared vans. The program replaced the previous [[Lyft]] Ride Smart Program, which provided students seven rides per month, subsidized up to $10.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ma |first=Amy |title=University Announces New Via Rideshare Service to Replace Lyft Program in September |url=https://chicagomaroon.com/43817/news/university-announces-new-via-rideshare-service-to-replace-lyft-program-in-september/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=Chicago Maroon}}</ref>

==== Safety ====
In November 2021, a university graduate was robbed and fatally shot on a sidewalk in a residential area in Hyde Park near campus;<ref name="could be anyone">[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-university-of-chicago-student-rally-shooting-response-20211117-szbvysl6vvdahbv6qnez4xrfle-story.html University of Chicago international students rally to demand safety upgrades a week after fatal shooting of recent grad. 'The next one ... could be anyone in this crowd.'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215164812/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-university-of-chicago-student-rally-shooting-response-20211117-szbvysl6vvdahbv6qnez4xrfle-story.html |date=February 15, 2022 }} PAIGE FRY, ''CHICAGO TRIBUNE'', November 16, 2021</ref><ref name="Suspect Charged">[https://news.wttw.com/2021/11/13/suspect-charged-death-university-chicago-student Suspect Charged in Death of University of Chicago Student] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214190218/https://news.wttw.com/2021/11/13/suspect-charged-death-university-chicago-student |date=February 14, 2022 }} WTTW/[[Associated Press]], November 13, 2021</ref> a total of three University of Chicago students were killed by gunfire incidents in 2021.<ref name="Suspect Charged" /><ref name="could be anyone" /> These incidents prompted student protests and an open letter to university leadership signed by more than 300 faculty members.<ref>{{cite web |title="We are experiencing an existential crisis": Faculty Letter Calls for Increased Safety and Security Actions in Hyde Park |url=https://chicagomaroon.com/article/2021/11/15/experiencing-existential-crisis-faculty-letter-calls/ |access-date=February 27, 2022 |website=chicagomaroon.com |language=en |archive-date=February 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227181212/https://chicagomaroon.com/article/2021/11/15/experiencing-existential-crisis-faculty-letter-calls/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=November 16, 2021 |title='We Are Here To Learn, Not To Die:' University of Chicago Students, Faculty Protest After Shooting That Killed Dennis Shaoxiong Zheng, Other Violence |url=https://chicago.cbslocal.com/2021/11/16/university-of-chicago-protest-violence/ |access-date=February 27, 2022 |language=en-US |archive-date=December 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220163214/https://chicago.cbslocal.com/2021/11/16/university-of-chicago-protest-violence/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In response, the university introduced measures including increased foot and vehicular patrols near campus, expanded coordination between the [[University Police Department|university police department]] and the [[Chicago Police Department|CPD]], and greater use of [[Closed-circuit television|security cameras]] and [[Automatic number-plate recognition|license plate readers]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-18 |title=UChicago, Chicago Police Department leaders reaffirm commitment to campus safety {{!}} University of Chicago News |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-chicago-police-department-leaders-reaffirm-commitment-campus-safety |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=news.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> The university continues to maintain one of the largest private police forces in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kartik-Narayan |first=Ashvini |date=2018-07-17 |title=The Fight Over Chicago's Largest Private Police Force |url=https://southsideweekly.com/the-fight-over-chicagos-largest-private-police-force-university-of-chicago-ucpd/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=South Side Weekly |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Satellite campuses ===
The university also maintains facilities apart from its main campus. The university's [[University of Chicago Booth School of Business|Booth School of Business]] maintains campuses in [[Hong Kong]], [[London]], and downtown Chicago.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Locations |url=https://www.chicagobooth.edu/executiveeducation/experience/global-locations |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=The University of Chicago Booth School of Business |language=en}}</ref> The Center in Paris, a campus located on the [[Rive Gauche|left bank]] of the [[Seine]] in Paris, hosts various undergraduate and graduate study programs.<ref>{{cite web|title=The University of Chicago Center in Paris|publisher=University of Chicago|url=http://centerinparis.uchicago.edu/|access-date=August 27, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090905082342/http://centerinparis.uchicago.edu/|archive-date=September 5, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> In fall 2010, the university opened a center in Beijing, near [[Renmin University]]'s campus in [[Haidian District]]. The most recent additions are a center in [[New Delhi]], India, which opened in 2014,<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Global Foundation {{!}} University of Chicago Global |url=https://global.uchicago.edu/global-foundation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220624061420/https://global.uchicago.edu/global-foundation |archive-date=June 24, 2022 |access-date=March 17, 2023 |website=UChicago Global}}</ref> and a center in Hong Kong which opened in 2018.<ref>{{cite journal |title=FGLA 2019 Merit: The University of Chicago Center in Hong Kong |journal=FuturArc |date=May 14, 2019 |volume=2nd Quarter 2019 |url=https://www.futurarc.com/project/the-university-of-chicago-center-in-hong-kong/ |access-date=January 29, 2023 |archive-date=January 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129014451/https://www.futurarc.com/project/the-university-of-chicago-center-in-hong-kong/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2024, the university opened the John W. Boyer Center in Paris, designed by architectural firm Studio Gang and nearly tripling the size of the Center in Paris which had opened in 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-15 |title=UChicago celebrates opening of John W. Boyer Center in Paris {{!}} University of Chicago News |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-celebrates-opening-john-w-boyer-center-paris?s_src=9J68Z&mkt_tok=MjUwLUNRSC05MzYAAAGXCgBBaElWxXwuR2AnNG8BXI7HHJQeVaJNXIKuY3e0wnESEAGSx7XS9w0ZudrajiS6T-2I2bbfrvVIzfaSVxXuFGOYOFzgvx8Lu436DkXVjd6lrQ |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=news.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref>

== Academics ==<!-- This section is linked to from Template:UChicago. If you change this section heading, make sure to update that template as well. -->
[[File:University of Chicago July 2013 19 (Main Quadrangles).jpg|thumb|The University of Chicago Main Quadrangles, looking north]]
The academic bodies of the University of Chicago consist of the [[College of the University of Chicago|college]], four divisions of graduate research, seven professional schools, and the [[Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/academic-programs|title=Academic programs|website=University of Chicago|access-date=August 31, 2023|archive-date=May 31, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531172830/https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/academic-programs|url-status=dead}}</ref> The university also contains a library system, the [[University of Chicago Press]], and the [[University of Chicago Medical Center]], and oversees several laboratories, including [[Fermilab|Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory]] (Fermilab), [[Argonne National Laboratory]], and the [[Marine Biological Laboratory]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Affiliated Laboratories |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/affliated-laboratories |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> The university is accredited by [[The Higher Learning Commission]].<ref name="collegenavigator" />

The university runs on a [[quarter system]] in which the academic year is divided into four terms: Summer (June–August), Autumn (September–December), Winter (January–March), and Spring (April–June).<ref name="calendar" /> Full-time undergraduate students take three to four courses every quarter<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collegecatalog.uchicago.edu/pdf_10/academic-regulations.pdf |title=Academic Regulations and Procedures |access-date=August 13, 2009 |publisher=The University of Chicago |quote=Students register for three or four courses per quarter. Over the typical four-year program (twelve quarters), a student normally registers for at least six four-course quarters and as many as six three-course quarters. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014070914/http://collegecatalog.uchicago.edu/pdf_10/academic-regulations.pdf |archive-date=October 14, 2009 }}</ref> for approximately nine weeks before their quarterly academic breaks. The school year typically begins in late September and ends in late May.<ref name="calendar">{{cite web|url=http://academic-calendar.uchicago.edu|title=The University of Chicago Academic Calendar|access-date=August 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051027001716/http://academic-calendar.uchicago.edu/|archive-date=October 27, 2005|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Undergraduate college ===
{{Main|College of the University of Chicago}}

[[File:Harper Library from the Midway Plaisance.JPG|thumb|upright=0.9|Harper Memorial Library was dedicated in 1912, and its architecture takes inspiration from various colleges in England.]]

The College of the University of Chicago grants Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees in 51 undergraduate courses of study<ref>{{cite web |title=Majors |url=http://college.uchicago.edu/academics-advising/majors-minors |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423184516/http://college.uchicago.edu/academics-advising/majors-minors |archive-date=April 23, 2014 |access-date=May 17, 2016 |publisher=University of Chicago College}}</ref> (since 2005 known as [[academic major|major]]s) and 33 secondary courses of study, now know as minors.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://college.uchicago.edu/academics-advising/majors-minors/minors|title=Minors|publisher=University of Chicago College|access-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140211200719/http://college.uchicago.edu/academics-advising/majors-minors/minors|archive-date=February 11, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> The college's academics are divided into five divisions: the Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, the Physical Sciences Collegiate Division, the Social Sciences Collegiate Division, the Humanities Collegiate Division, and the New Collegiate Division.<ref name="collegiatedivisions">{{cite web|url=http://www.college.uchicago.edu/about_the_college/departments_div.shtml |title=Departments and Academic Degree Programs in the College |access-date=July 26, 2009 |publisher=University of Chicago |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013235318/http://www.college.uchicago.edu/about_the_college/departments_div.shtml |archive-date=October 13, 2008 }}</ref> The first four are sections within their corresponding graduate divisions, while the New Collegiate Division administers interdisciplinary majors and studies which do not fit in one of the other four divisions.<ref name="ncd">{{cite web|url=http://collegecatalog.uchicago.edu/thecollege/newcollegiatedivision/|publisher=University of Chicago|title=New Collegiate Division|access-date=August 31, 2023}}</ref>

The college introduced a now-widespread model of the liberal arts undergraduate program which featured the [[Socratic method]] in undergraduate contexts, the [[Great Books of the Western World#History|Great Books]] program, and the [[core curriculum]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Adler |first1=Mortimer Jerome |title=Reforming education: the opening of the American mind |last2=Van Doren |first2=Geraldine |date=1990 |publisher=Collier Books |isbn=978-0-02-030175-2 |edition=1st Collier Books |location=New York}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The liberal arts tradition: a documentary history |date=2010 |publisher=University Press of America |isbn=978-0-7618-5132-5 |editor-last=Kimball |editor-first=Bruce A. |location=Lanham, Md.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Core Curriculum {{!}} The College {{!}} The University of Chicago|url=https://college.uchicago.edu/academics/core-curriculum|access-date=May 2, 2021|website=college.uchicago.edu|language=en|archive-date=May 2, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502150208/https://college.uchicago.edu/academics/core-curriculum|url-status=live}}</ref> Since the 1999-2000 school year, 15 courses across seven subjects and demonstrated proficiency in a foreign language are required under the core curriculum.<ref name=":6" />

[[File:Eckhart Hall.jpg|right|thumb|upright=0.9|Eckhart Hall houses the university's math department.]]

=== Graduate schools and committees ===
The university graduate schools and committees are divided into four divisions (biological sciences, humanities, physical sciences, and social sciences), and eight professional schools.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/graduate-programs|title= Graduate Divisions & Professional Schools|website=University of Chicago|access-date=August 31, 2023}}</ref> In the autumn quarter of 2022, the university enrolled 10,546 graduate students on degree-seeking courses: 569 in the biological sciences division, 612 in the humanities division, 2,103 in the physical sciences division, 972 in the social sciences division, and 6,290 in the professional schools (including the Graham School).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uchicago.app.box.com/s/trkqpw1ztu0lc4niahgz0y7g6eyqt6z6/file/1045237976077|title=Autumn Quarter 2022 Census Report|publisher=University of Chicago Registrar|access-date=August 31, 2023}}</ref>

The university is home to several committees for interdisciplinary scholarship, including the [[Committee on Social Thought|John U. Nef Committee on Social Thought]].<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Academic Departments {{!}} University of Chicago |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/academic-departments |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315181102/https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/academic-departments |archive-date=March 15, 2023 |access-date=March 17, 2023 |website=University of Chicago}}</ref>

=== Research ===
[[File:Fermilab.jpg|thumb|left|Aerial view of [[Fermilab]], a science research laboratory co-managed by the University of Chicago]]

According to the [[National Science Foundation]], University of Chicago spent $423.9&nbsp;million on research and development in 2018, ranking it 60th in the nation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Table 20. Higher education R&D expenditures, ranked by FY 2018 R&D expenditures: FYs 2009–18 |url=https://ncsesdata.nsf.gov/herd/2018/html/herd18-dt-tab020.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930141919/https://ncsesdata.nsf.gov/herd/2018/html/herd18-dt-tab020.html |archive-date=September 30, 2020 |access-date=July 21, 2020 |website=ncsesdata.nsf.gov |publisher=[[National Science Foundation]]}}</ref> It is [[Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education|classified]] among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".<ref>{{cite web |title=Carnegie Classifications Institution Lookup |url=https://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/view_institution.php?unit_id=144050 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722033734/https://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/view_institution.php?unit_id=144050 |archive-date=July 22, 2020 |access-date=July 21, 2020 |website=carnegieclassifications.iu.edu |publisher=Center for Postsecondary Education}}</ref> It is a founding member of the [[Association of American Universities]], and was a member of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation between 1946 and 2016, when the group's name was changed to the [[Big Ten Academic Alliance]]. The University of Chicago is not a member of the rebranded consortium, but continues to be a collaborator.<ref name="btaa_chicago">{{cite web |title=Name Change – FAQ |url=http://www.btaa.org/about/expansion/name-change-faq |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711111625/http://www.btaa.org/about/expansion/name-change-faq |archive-date=July 11, 2016 |access-date=June 30, 2016 |publisher=Big Ten Academic Alliance}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=June 30, 2016 |title=Big Ten's Academic Division Changes Name |url=https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2016/06/30/big-tens-academic-division-changes-name |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914020235/https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2016/06/30/big-tens-academic-division-changes-name |archive-date=September 14, 2016 |access-date=June 30, 2016 |website=Inside Higher Ed}}</ref>

The university operates more than 140 research centers and institutes on campus. Among these are the [[Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures|Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures, West Asia & North Africa]]—a museum and research center for [[Near East]]ern studies owned and operated by the university—and a number of [[National Resource Center]]s, including the [[Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Chicago|Center for Middle Eastern Studies]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Institutes and Centers |url=http://www.uchicago.edu/research/centers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513224921/http://www.uchicago.edu/research/centers/ |archive-date=May 13, 2016 |access-date=May 17, 2016 |website=The University of Chicago}}</ref> Chicago also operates or is affiliated with several research institutions apart from the university proper. The university manages [[Argonne National Laboratory]], part of the [[United States Department of Energy]]'s national laboratory system, and co-manages [[Fermilab|Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory]] (Fermilab), a nearby particle physics laboratory.<ref name=":5" /> It was also part of the Astrophysical Research Consortium that constructed the [[Apache Point Observatory]] in [[Sunspot, New Mexico]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Peterson |first=Jim |title=A Brief History of the Astrophysical Research Consortium (ARC) and the Apache Point Observatory (APO) |url=https://arc.apo.nmsu.edu/ARC-History.pdf |access-date=10 May 2025 |website=Astrophysical Research Consortium}}</ref> Faculty and students at the adjacent [[Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago]] collaborate with the university.<ref>{{cite web |date=August 2009 |title=About TTI-C |url=http://www.tti-c.org/about.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525140320/http://www.tti-c.org/about.php |archive-date=May 25, 2009 |access-date=August 17, 2009 |quote=An agreement between the University of Chicago and TTI – C allows cross-listing of computer science course offerings between the two institutions, providing students from each institution the opportunity to register in the other's courses.}}</ref> In 2013, the university formed an affiliation with the formerly independent [[Marine Biological Laboratory]] in Woods Hole, Mass.<ref>[https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/health-wellness/2013/06/11/marine-biological-laboratory-affiliate-with-university-chicago/Z6VMtposQFr8hBqV0GzWnL/story.html Marine Biological Laboratory to affiliate with University of Chicago – Health & wellness] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829202545/https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/health-wellness/2013/06/11/marine-biological-laboratory-affiliate-with-university-chicago/Z6VMtposQFr8hBqV0GzWnL/story.html|date=August 29, 2017}}. The Boston Globe (June 12, 2013). Retrieved on August 15, 2013.</ref> The [[National Opinion Research Center]] maintains an office at the Hyde Park campus and is affiliated with multiple academic centers and institutes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Chicago Institutes and Centers |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/center/population_research_center |access-date=September 18, 2023 |website=Population Research Center}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Chicago Other Academic Units and Resources |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/other-academic-units-and-resources |access-date=September 18, 2023}}</ref>
[[File:University of Chicago at Fall.jpg|thumb|University of Chicago building during fall]]
The University of Chicago has been the site of various experiments and academic movements. The university has played a role in shaping ideas about the [[free market]]<ref>Kasper, Sherryl (2002) ''The Revival of Laissez-Faire in American Macroeconomic Theory: A Case Study of Its Pioneers''. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. {{ISBN|1-84064-606-3}}</ref> and is the namesake of the [[Chicago school of economics]], the school of economic thought supported by [[Milton Friedman]] and other economists. The university's [[sociology]] department was the first independent sociology department in the United States and gave birth to the [[Chicago school (sociology)|Chicago school of sociology]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Sociology Homepage {{!}} Department of Sociology |url=https://sociology.uchicago.edu/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=sociology.uchicago.edu}}</ref> The university was the site of the [[Chicago Pile-1]] (the first controlled, self-sustaining human-made nuclear chain reaction, part of the [[Manhattan Project]]), of [[Robert Millikan]]'s [[oil-drop experiment]] that calculated the charge of the electron,<ref name="oildrop">{{cite web |date=January 13, 2009 |title=Abstract of Robert A. Millikan Oil Drop Experiment Notebooks |url=http://caltechln.library.caltech.edu/8/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703071919/http://caltechln.library.caltech.edu/8/ |archive-date=July 3, 2010 |access-date=September 8, 2009 |publisher=Caltech Institute Archives}}</ref> and of the development of [[radiocarbon dating]] by [[Willard F. Libby]] in 1946.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Radiocarbon Dating |url=https://www.acs.org/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/radiocarbon-dating.html |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=American Chemical Society |language=en}}</ref> The chemical experiment that tested how life originated on early Earth, the [[Miller–Urey experiment]], was also conducted at the university.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miller-Urey experiment {{!}} Description, Purpose, Results, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Miller-Urey-experiment |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> [[REM sleep]] was discovered at the university in 1953 by [[Nathaniel Kleitman]] and [[Eugene Aserinsky]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Cox |first=John D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BMPSJTQaFTQC&pg=PA27 |title=Climate crash: abrupt climate change and what it means for our future |publisher=National Academies Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-309-09312-5 |page=27 |quote=In 1947, at the University of Chicago, chemist Willard F. Libby discovered a powerful new technology known as radiocarbon dating. Libby would win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1960 for developing this geological clock. |access-date=September 9, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308042353/https://books.google.com/books?id=BMPSJTQaFTQC&pg=PA27 |archive-date=March 8, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The University of Chicago Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics operated the [[Yerkes Observatory]] in [[Williams Bay, Wisconsin]] from 1897 until 2018,<ref>{{cite web |date=March 7, 2018 |title=UChicago activities at Yerkes Observatory to end in 2018 |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-activities-yerkes-observatory-end-2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809072516/https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-activities-yerkes-observatory-end-2018 |archive-date=August 9, 2020 |access-date=June 28, 2020 |website=UChicago News}}</ref> where the largest operating [[refracting telescope]] in the world and other telescopes are located.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yerkes Observatory {{!}} Astronomy, Research, Wisconsin {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Yerkes-Observatory |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>

=== Professional schools ===
The university contains eight professional schools: the [[University of Chicago Law School]], the [[University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine|Pritzker School of Medicine]], the [[Booth School of Business]], the [[University of Chicago Divinity School]], the [[Harris School of Public Policy|University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy]], the [[University of Chicago School of Social Service Administration]], the [[Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies]] (which offers non-degree courses and certificates as well as degree programs) and the [[Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago|Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://grahamschool.uchicago.edu/about|title=About {{!}} University of Chicago Graham School|access-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160607193125/https://grahamschool.uchicago.edu/about|archive-date=June 7, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="wsjarticleonnewengineeringschool" />

The Law School is accredited by the [[American Bar Association]], the Divinity School is accredited by the Commission on Accrediting of the [[Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada]], and Pritzker is accredited by the [[Liaison Committee on Medical Education]].<ref name="collegenavigator">{{cite web|url=http://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=university+of+Chicago&s=all&id=144050|title=The University of Chicago|publisher=College Navigator|access-date=August 6, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110413004814/http://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=University+of+Chicago&s=all&id=144050|archive-date=April 13, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Associated academic institutions ===
[[File:University of Chicago Laboratory Schools exterior.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.9|The University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, a private day school run by the university]]
The university runs a number of academic institutions and programs apart from its undergraduate and postgraduate schools. It operates the [[University of Chicago Laboratory Schools]] (a private [[day school]] for [[K–12 (education)|K-12]] students and [[day care]]),<ref name="lab">{{cite web | title=About the Lab Schools | year=2005 | publisher=The University of Chicago Laboratory Schools | url=http://www.ucls.uchicago.edu/about/ | access-date=September 3, 2006|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060904160019/http://www.ucls.uchicago.edu/about/ |archive-date = September 4, 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref> and a public [[charter school]] with four campuses on the [[South Side (Chicago)|South Side]] of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute.<ref name="charter">{{cite web|url=http://uei.uchicago.edu/work/education.shtml |title=About the University of Chicago Charter School |access-date=August 13, 2009 |publisher=University of Chicago Urban Education Institute |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090725161603/http://uei.uchicago.edu/work/education.shtml |archive-date=July 25, 2009 }}</ref> In addition, the Hyde Park Day School, a school for students with learning disabilities,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hpds.uchicago.edu/|title=Chicago School for Children with Learning Disabilities|publisher=Hyde Park Day School|quote=The Hyde Park Day School (HPDS) is a private, not-for-profit day school serving the needs of children with learning disabilities... With two Illinois locations on the University of Chicago campus in Chicago and north suburban Northfield, HPDS is the only school of its kind in the Chicago area.|access-date=September 9, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604183421/http://hpds.uchicago.edu/|archive-date=June 4, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School]], a residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems,<ref>{{cite web|title=Caring for the Whole Person|url=http://oschool.org/why-the-o-school/history/|publisher=Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School|access-date=May 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180519205115/http://oschool.org/why-the-o-school/history/|archive-date=May 19, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> maintains a location on the University of Chicago campus. Since 1983, the University of Chicago has maintained the [[University of Chicago School Mathematics Project]], a mathematics program used in urban primary and secondary schools.<ref name="ucsmp">{{cite web | title=The University of Chicago School Mathematics Project (UCSMP) | publisher=The University of Chicago | url=http://socialsciences.uchicago.edu/ucsmp/ | access-date=May 28, 2006 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060516155100/http://socialsciences.uchicago.edu/ucsmp/ | archive-date=May 16, 2006 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> The university runs a program called the Council on Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences, which administers interdisciplinary workshops to provide a forum for graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars to present scholarly work in progress.<ref name="CAS">{{cite web| title=about CAS| date=November 17, 2007| publisher=The Council on Advanced Studies| url=http://cas.uchicago.edu/| access-date=November 17, 2007| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212074701/http://cas.uchicago.edu/| archive-date=December 12, 2007| url-status=live}}</ref> The university also operates the [[University of Chicago Press]], the largest [[university press]] in the United States.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web | title=Academic publishing veteran to direct the University Press | date=July 12, 2007 | publisher=The University of Chicago Chronicle | url=http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/070712/pressdirector.shtml | access-date=July 12, 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080519133157/http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/070712/pressdirector.shtml | archive-date=May 19, 2008 | url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Library system ====
[[File:University of Chicago, Harper Library.jpg|thumb|University of Chicago, Harper Library]]
The [[University of Chicago Library]] system encompasses six libraries that contain a total of 11 million volumes, the 9th most among library systems in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/about/factsheet.html|title=The University of Chicago Library|website=www.lib.uchicago.edu|access-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160515160908/http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/about/factsheet.html|archive-date=May 15, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> The university's primary library is the [[Regenstein Library]], which contains over 4.5 million print volumes on a variety of subjects and is the largest on campus.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nothing “Reg”-ular About This Library! |url=https://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/uncommon-blog/nothing-reg-ular-about-library |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=College Admissions |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Joseph Regenstein Library {{!}} Explore the architecture at the University of Chicago |url=https://architecture.uchicago.edu/locations/joseph_regenstein_library/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=architecture.uchicago.edu}}</ref> The [[Joe and Rika Mansueto Library]], built in 2011, houses a large study space and an automated book storage and retrieval system.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Joe and Rika Mansueto Library {{!}} Explore the architecture at the University of Chicago |url=https://architecture.uchicago.edu/locations/joe_and_rika_mansueto_library/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=architecture.uchicago.edu}}</ref> The [[John Crerar Library]] contains more than 1.4 million volumes in the biological, medical and physical sciences and collections in general science and the philosophy and history of science, medicine, and technology.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/crerar/about.html|title=About the John Crerar Library|date=June 13, 2013|website=www.lib.uchicago.edu|access-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531144239/http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/crerar/about.html|archive-date=May 31, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> The university also operates a number of special libraries, including the D'Angelo Law Library, the Social Service Administration Library, and the Eckhart Library for mathematics and computer science.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/eck/index.html|title=Eckhart Library|publisher=University of Chicago Library|access-date=October 26, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012035723/http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/eck/index.html|archive-date=October 12, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="petersons">{{cite web|title=College Closeup: University of Chicago|publisher=Peterson's|url=http://www.petersons.com/ugchannel/code/idd.asp?sponsor=36&inunId=9162#The%20university|access-date=August 19, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310210336/http://www.petersons.com/ugchannel/code/idd.asp?sponsor=36&inunId=9162#The%20University|archive-date=March 10, 2007}}</ref> Harper Memorial Library, the first library of the university, is now a reading and study room.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brooks |first=Tony |title=The Storied Past of Harper Memorial Library |url=https://chicagomaroon.com/26013/news/storied-past-harper-memorial-library/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=Chicago Maroon}}</ref>

=== Arts ===
[[File:University of Chicago USA3.jpg|left|thumb|upright|Saieh Hall for Economics, houses the Department of Economics and the [[Becker Friedman Institute]].]]

The University of Chicago Arts program joins academic departments in the Division of the Humanities and the college, student art programs, and professional organizations including the [[Court Theatre (Chicago)|Court Theatre]], the [[Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures]], the [[Smart Museum of Art]], and the [[Renaissance Society]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arts Institutions & Programs |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/life-at-uchicago/arts |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> The university has an artist-in-residence program, which has supported over 32 individual artists as of May 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artists-in-Residence Program {{!}} Center for the Study of Race, Politics, and Culture {{!}} The University of Chicago |url=https://csrpc.uchicago.edu/programs/artists_programs/artists_in_residence/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=csrpc.uchicago.edu}}</ref> The university offers graduate degrees in music, cinema and media studies, visual arts, and the humanities, among other subjects.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Master's Programs |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/graduate-programs/masters-programs |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Doctoral Programs |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/graduate-programs/phd-programs |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> It also offers bachelor's degree programs in visual arts, music, art history, cinema and media studies, and theater and performance studies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Undergraduate Programs |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/education-and-research/undergraduate-programs |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> The college's general education core includes an arts requirement, which can be fulfilled by taking classes in subjects such as art history, creative writing, or music.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arts Core {{!}} The College {{!}} The University of Chicago {{!}} The University of Chicago |url=https://college.uchicago.edu/academics/core/arts-core |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=college.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> Several thousand major and non-major undergraduates enroll annually in creative and performing arts classes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://arts.uchicago.edu/content/background-and-history |title=Background and History of UChicago Arts |publisher=Arts.uchicago.edu |date=August 5, 2012 |access-date=July 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110215036/http://arts.uchicago.edu/content/background-and-history |archive-date=November 10, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> The university was home to the improvisational [[Compass Players]] student comedy troupe, which evolved into [[The Second City]] in 1959.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-10 |title=The Compass Players: How the First Improv Theater Changed Comedy |url=https://blog.crowdwork.com/the-compass-players/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=CrowdWork |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Alumni - The Second City |url=https://www.secondcity.com/history |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.secondcity.com |language=en-US}}</ref> The Reva and David Logan Center for the Arts opened in 2012, five years after a $35 million gift from alumnus David Logan and his wife Reva. The center includes spaces for exhibitions, performances, classes, and media production. The Logan Center was designed by [[Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects|Tod Williams and Billie Tsien]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=History —Logan Center |url=https://www.logancenter.uchicago.edu/history |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=LOGAN CENTER FOR THE ARTS |language=en-US}}</ref> 

On April 9, 2025, under the Paul Alivisatos presidency, the University of Chicago merged the Division of the Humanities and University of Chicago Arts to establish the new Division of the Arts & Humanities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-09 |title=UChicago announces unified Division of the Arts & Humanities {{!}} University of Chicago News |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-announces-unified-division-arts-humanities?utm_source=WWW&utm_medium=NewsModule |access-date=2025-04-10 |website=news.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> 

=== Reputation and rankings ===
{{Infobox US university ranking
<!-- U.S. rankings -->| Forbes = 14
| THE_WSJ = 75
| USNWR_NU = 11 (tie)
| Wamo_NU = 35 
<!-- Global rankings -->| ARWU_W = 10
| QS_W = 21
| THES_W = 14 (tie)
| USNWR_W = 25
}}

After its foundation in the late 19th century, the University of Chicago quickly became established as one of the wealthiest and, according to former [[Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University]] Vice Chancellor Henry S. Webber, one of the most prestigious universities in America.<ref>{{cite book |author=Webber, Henry S. |title=The University as Urban Developer: Case Studies and Analysis |date=2005 |publisher=[[Lincoln Institute of Land Policy]]/[[M. E. Sharpe]] |isbn=9780765615411 |editor1=David C. Perry |page=66 |chapter=The University of Chicago and its Neighbors: A Case Study in Community Delveopment |editor2=Wim Wiewel |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vmcgIYDVWoIC&pg=PA66}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Flory |first=Julie Hail |date=2021-09-17 |title=Webber to depart Washington University at end of year |url=https://source.washu.edu/2021/09/webber-to-depart-washington-university-at-end-of-year/ |access-date=2025-05-14 |website=The Source |language=en-US}}</ref> According to former [[Columbia University|Columbia]] [[Provost (education)|Provost]] [[Jonathan R. Cole]], the University of Chicago has been among the most distinguished research universities in the US for more than a century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cole |first=Jonathan R. |title=The Great American University: Its Rise to Preeminence, Its Indispensable National Role, Why It Must Be Protected |date=2009 |publisher=PublicAffairs Hachette |isbn=9781586484088 |pages=32–33 |language=en}}</ref> The university is described by the ''[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]'' as "one of the United States' most outstanding universities".<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=University of Chicago |encyclopedia=Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/University-of-Chicago |date=April 15, 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

''[[Academic Ranking of World Universities|ARWU]]'' has consistently placed the University of Chicago among the top 10 universities in the world,<ref>{{cite web |title=Performance in Academic Ranking of World Universities |url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/World-University-Rankings/University-of-Chicago.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321004042/http://www.shanghairanking.com/World-University-Rankings/University-of-Chicago.html |archive-date=March 21, 2019 |access-date=July 2, 2019 |publisher=Academic Ranking of World Universities}}</ref> and the 2021 ''[[QS World University Rankings]]'' placed the university in 9th place worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |title=QS World University Rankings 2020 |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917171555/http://www.topuniversities.com/institution/universitat-autonoma-de-barcelona |archive-date=September 17, 2012 |access-date=July 2, 2019 |website=Top Universities |publisher=QS Quacquarelli Symonds}}</ref> [[Times Higher Education World University Rankings|THE World University Rankings]] has ranked it among the global top 10 for eleven consecutive years (from 2012 to 2022).<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 4, 2023 |title=The University of Chicago |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-chicago |access-date=October 17, 2023 |website=Times Higher Education (THE) |language=en}}</ref>

The university's [[University of Chicago Law School|law]] and [[Booth School of Business|business]] schools rank among the top three professional schools in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |date=November 15, 2012 |title=Bloomberg Businessweek: The Complete 2012 Business Schools Ranking, 2012-11-15 |url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-11-15/the-complete-2012-business-schools-ranking |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121117155858/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-11-15/the-complete-2012-business-schools-ranking |archive-date=November 17, 2012 |access-date=June 26, 2017 |website=BusinessWeek.com}}</ref> The business school has been ranked first in the US by ''[[U.S. News & World Report|US News & World Report]]''<ref>{{cite web |title=Best Business Schools |url=https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-business-schools/mba-rankings |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314003952/https://www.usnews.com/best%2Dgraduate%2Dschools/top%2Dbusiness%2Dschools/mba%2Drankings |archive-date=March 14, 2012}}</ref> and first in the world by ''The Economist'',<ref>{{Cite news |title=2018 MBA & Business School Rankings {{!}} Which MBA? {{!}} The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/whichmba/full-time-mba-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181125165742/https://www.economist.com/whichmba/full-time-mba-ranking |archive-date=November 25, 2018 |access-date=November 15, 2018 |newspaper=The Economist |language=en}}</ref> while the law school has been ranked third by ''US News & World Report''<ref>{{cite web |title=Best Law Schools |url=https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-law-schools/law-rankings |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320195829/https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-law-schools/law-rankings |archive-date=March 20, 2017}}</ref> and first by [[Above the Law (website)|''Above the Law'']].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shepherd |first=David Lat, Elie Mystal, Staci Zaretsky, Kashmir Hill, Marin, Mark Herrmann, Jay |title=The 2018 ATL Top 50 Law School Rankings |url=https://abovethelaw.com/law-school-rankings/top-law-schools/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20210104125231/https://abovethelaw.com/law-school-rankings/top-law-schools-2020/ |archive-date=January 4, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2018 |work=Above the Law |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Administration and finance ==
{{See also|List of presidents of the University of Chicago}}[[File:Hutchinson Commons 2014.jpg|thumb|Hutchinson Commons]]
The university is governed by a board of trustees. The board of trustees oversees the long-term development and plans of the university and manages fundraising efforts, and is composed of 55 members including the [[President of the University of Chicago|university president]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Board of Trustees |url=http://trustees.uchicago.edu/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160530232950/http://trustees.uchicago.edu/ |archive-date=May 30, 2016 |access-date=May 17, 2016 |publisher=The University of Chicago}}</ref> Directly beneath the president are the provost, fourteen vice presidents (including the chief financial officer, [[Chief Investment Officer|chief investment officer]], and vice president for campus life and student services), the directors of [[Argonne National Laboratory]] and [[Fermilab]], the secretary of the university, and the student [[Ombudsman|ombudsperson]].<ref name="orgchart">{{cite web |title=University Organization Chart |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/about/orgchart/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090809185059/http://www.uchicago.edu/about/orgchart/ |archive-date=August 9, 2009 |access-date=August 16, 2009 |publisher=The University of Chicago}}</ref> The current chairman of the board of trustees is [[David Rubenstein]] since May 2022.<ref>{{cite web |date=February 26, 2015 |title=Major U of C donor to head school's board of trustees |url=http://www.chicagobusiness.com/article/20150227/BLOGS03/150229822/major-u-of-c-donor-to-head-schools-board-of-trustees |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308042410/https://www.chicagobusiness.com/article/20150227/BLOGS03/150229822/joseph-neubauer-to-head-university-of-chicago-s-board-of-trustees |archive-date=March 8, 2023 |access-date=May 17, 2016 |website=Crain's Chicago Business}}</ref> The current provost is [[Katherine Baicker]] since March 2023.<ref>{{cite web |date=January 30, 2023 |title=Katherine Baicker appointed provost of the University of Chicago |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/katherine-baicker-appointed-provost-university-chicago |access-date=April 7, 2023 |website=University of Chicago News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=January 30, 2023 |title=Katherine Baicker appointed provost of the University of Chicago Katherine Baicker |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/katherine-baicker-appointed-provost-university-chicago |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222233823/https://news.uchicago.edu/story/katherine-baicker-appointed-provost-university-chicago |archive-date=February 22, 2023 |access-date=February 22, 2023 |publisher=The University of Chicago |agency=University of Chicago News}}</ref> The current president of the University of Chicago is chemist [[Paul Alivisatos]], who assumed the role on September 1, 2021. [[Robert Zimmer]], the previous president, transitioned into the new role of chancellor of the university.<ref>{{cite web |date=February 26, 2021 |title=Paul Alivisatos named next president of the University of Chicago |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/paul-alivisatos-named-next-president-university-chicago |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302131729/https://news.uchicago.edu/story/paul-alivisatos-named-next-president-university-chicago |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=March 2, 2021 |website=University of Chicago News |language=en}}</ref>

The university's endowment was the 12th largest among American educational institutions and state university systems in 2013<ref>{{cite web |year=2013 |title=U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2012 Endowment Market Value and Percentage Change* in Endowment Market Value from FY 2011 to FY 2012 (Revised February 4, 2013) |url=http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2012NCSEPublicTablesEndowmentMarketValuesRevisedFebruary42013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512184138/http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2012NCSEPublicTablesEndowmentMarketValuesRevisedFebruary42013.pdf |archive-date=May 12, 2013 |access-date=January 19, 2014}}</ref> and {{as of|2020||df=US|lc=on}} was valued at $10 billion.<ref>{{cite web |date=November 2, 2018 |title=University of Chicago endowment grows to $8.2 billion |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/university-chicago-endowment-grows-82-billion |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116000750/https://news.uchicago.edu/story/university-chicago-endowment-grows-82-billion |archive-date=November 16, 2018 |access-date=November 15, 2018 |website=Crain's Chicago Business}}</ref> Since 2016, the university's board of trustees has resisted pressure from students and faculty to divest its investments from fossil fuel companies.<ref>{{cite web |date=February 22, 2016 |title=University of Chicago professors urge fossil fuel divestment over climate change fears |url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/feb/22/university-chicago-divest-fossil-fuel-professors-climate-change |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026192835/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/feb/22/university-chicago-divest-fossil-fuel-professors-climate-change |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |access-date=October 26, 2021 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Part of former university President Zimmer's financial plan for the university was an increase in accumulation of debt to finance large building projects.<ref>{{cite news |last=McDonald |first=Michael |date=March 17, 2014 |title=University of Chicago Is Outlier With Growing Debt Load |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-03-17/university-of-chicago-is-outlier-with-growing-debt-load |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223140447/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-03-17/university-of-chicago-is-outlier-with-growing-debt-load |archive-date=February 23, 2017 |access-date=March 12, 2017 |work=Bloomberg}}</ref> This drew both support and criticism from many in the university community.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ando |first=Clifford |title=(West Virginia) Chicago is happening to you. The fight for the modern university. |url=https://chicagomaroon.com/40932/viewpoints/op-ed/west-virginia-chicago-is-happening-to-you-the-fight-for-the-modern-university/ |access-date=2025-03-12 |website=Chicago Maroon}}</ref> Notably in 2022, total university assets decreased by $1.6 billion in value, driven primarily by a $1.4 billion loss in the endowment's "investments" category.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 11, 2025 |title=Financial Results for Fiscal Year 2022 |url=https://voices.uchicago.edu/annualreport2022/financial-results-for-fiscal-year-2022/ |website=Financial Results for Fiscal Year 2022 - UChicago Voices}}</ref> In 2023 the university agreed to pay $13.5 million to settle a lawsuit that it and other universities conspired to limit financial aid to students.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 16, 2023 |title=University of Chicago to settle student aid price-fixing lawsuit for $13.5 million |url=https://chicago.suntimes.com/education/2023/8/16/23834454/university-chicago-568-cartel-student-aid-price-fixing-lawsuit |access-date=October 25, 2023 |website=Chicago Sun-Times |language=en}}</ref>{{Clear}}

== Student body and admissions ==
{{Infobox U.S. college admissions|year=2023|ref=<ref>{{cite web |title=Class of 2027 Profile |url=https://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/apply/class-2027-profile |website=College Admissions |access-date=April 28, 2024 |language=en}}</ref> |admit rate=4.8%|admit rate change=-3.3|yield rate=87.9%|yield rate change=+24.2|float=right}}

In fall 2024, the university enrolled 7,569 undergraduate students, 10,968 graduate students, and 750 non-degree students.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Enrollment {{!}} University Registrar |url=https://registrar.uchicago.edu/data-reporting/historical-enrollment/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=registrar.uchicago.edu}}</ref> The college class of 2025 is composed of 53% male students and 47% female students. Twenty-seven percent of the class identify as Asian, 19% as Hispanic, and 10% as Black. Eighteen percent of the class is international.<ref name="collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu">{{Cite web|url=https://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/apply/class-2025-profile|title=Class of 2025 Profile &#124; College Admissions|date=December 30, 2021|access-date=March 18, 2022|archive-date=December 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230004705/https://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/apply/class-2025-profile|url-status=dead }}</ref> The university is [[need-blind]] for domestic applicants.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://financialaid.uchicago.edu/about |website=Financial Aid |publisher=University of Chicago |access-date=May 4, 2023 |language=en |date=February 13, 2018 |archive-date=August 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810083407/https://financialaid.uchicago.edu/about |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Admissions to the University of Chicago has become highly selective over the past two decades, reflecting changes in the application process, school popularity, and marketing strategy.<ref>{{cite web|title=Record-low acceptance rate as applicant numbers increase|url=https://www.chicagomaroon.com/2015/04/14/record-low-acceptance-rate-as-applicant-numbers-increase/|access-date=February 7, 2021|website=www.chicagomaroon.com|language=en|archive-date=April 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414182811/https://www.chicagomaroon.com/2015/04/14/record-low-acceptance-rate-as-applicant-numbers-increase/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Acceptance rate falls by one third, reaching record low of 18 percent|url=https://www.chicagomaroon.com/2010/4/2/acceptance-rate-falls-by-one-third-reaching-record-low-of-18-percent/|access-date=April 22, 2021|website=www.chicagomaroon.com|language=en|archive-date=April 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422025238/https://www.chicagomaroon.com/2010/4/2/acceptance-rate-falls-by-one-third-reaching-record-low-of-18-percent/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Hoover|first=Eric|date=November 5, 2010|title=Application Inflation|url=https://www.chronicle.com/article/application-inflation/|access-date=April 22, 2021|website=[[The Chronicle of Higher Education]]|archive-date=April 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422204405/https://www.chronicle.com/article/application-inflation/|url-status=live}}</ref> Between 1996 and 2023, the acceptance rate of the college fell from 71% to 4.7%.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=The University of Chicago Magazine: October 2001, Features|url=https://magazine.uchicago.edu/0110/features/abuse.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126132935/https://magazine.uchicago.edu/0110/features/abuse.html|archive-date=January 26, 2021|access-date=February 7, 2021|website=magazine.uchicago.edu}}</ref> For the Class of 2027, the acceptance rate was 4.7%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Class of 2027 Profile |url=http://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/apply/class-2027-profile |access-date=April 26, 2024 |website=College Admissions |language=en}}</ref>

The middle 50% band of [[SAT]] scores for the undergraduate class of 2025 was 1510–1570 (98th–99th percentiles),<ref name="collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu" /> the average [[MCAT]] score for students entering the Pritzker School of Medicine class of 2024 was 519 (97th percentile),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pritzker.uchicago.edu/admissions/admissions-faq|title=&#124; Pritzker School of Medicine &#124; The University of Chicago|website=pritzker.uchicago.edu|access-date=November 1, 2019|archive-date=November 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101222451/https://pritzker.uchicago.edu/admissions/admissions-faq|url-status=live}}</ref> the median [[GMAT]] score for students entering the full-time Booth MBA program class of 2023 was 740 (97th percentile),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagobooth.edu/mba/full-time/admissions/class-profile |title=Full-Time MBA Class Profile |publisher=The University of Chicago Booth School of Business |access-date=November 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216151137/https://www.chicagobooth.edu/programs/full-time |archive-date=December 16, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the median [[LSAT]] score for students entering the Law School class of 2021 was 172 (99th percentile).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.law.uchicago.edu/class-profile |title=The University of Chicago – The Law School Profile 2020–2021 |date=October 11, 2019 |publisher=The University of Chicago |access-date=March 18, 2022 |archive-date=March 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304081648/https://www.law.uchicago.edu/class-profile |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2018, the University of Chicago attracted national headlines by becoming the first major research university to no longer require SAT/ACT scores from college applicants.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2018/06/16/now-that-the-university-of-chicago-dropped-its-testing-requirement-for-applicants-will-other-elite-colleges-follow/|title=Perspective {{!}} Now that the University of Chicago dropped its testing requirement for applicants, will other elite colleges follow?|last=Selingo|first=Jeffrey J.|date=June 16, 2018|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=June 18, 2018|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617114050/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2018/06/16/now-that-the-university-of-chicago-dropped-its-testing-requirement-for-applicants-will-other-elite-colleges-follow/|archive-date=June 17, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Athletics ==
[[File:Chicago Maroons logo.svg|thumb|left|Official athletics logo]]
{{Main|Chicago Maroons}}

The University of Chicago hosts 19 varsity sports teams: 10 men's teams and 9 women's teams, all called the [[Chicago Maroons|Maroons]], with 502 students participating in the 2012–2013 school year.<ref name="sportsfacts">{{cite web |year=2013 |title=Quick Facts: 2012–13 Summary |url=http://athletics.uchicago.edu/about/quick_facts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325055237/http://athletics.uchicago.edu/about/quick_facts |archive-date=March 25, 2014 |access-date=April 23, 2014}}</ref> The Maroons compete in the [[NCAA]]'s [[NCAA Division III|Division III]] as members of the [[University Athletic Association]] (UAA).<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Chicago {{!}} NCAA.com |url=https://www.ncaa.com/schools/chicago |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.ncaa.com |language=en}}</ref>

The university was a founding member of the [[Big Ten Conference]] and participated in the NCAA Division I men's basketball and football.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rosenthal |first=Phil |date=2021-03-08 |title=So much for Chicago’s Big Ten team: 75 years ago, the University of Chicago told the conference it wanted out |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2021/03/08/so-much-for-chicagos-big-ten-team-75-years-ago-the-university-of-chicago-told-the-conference-it-wanted-out/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=Chicago Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref> In 1935, the University of Chicago reached the Sweet Sixteen.<ref name="sportsfacts"/> In 1935, [[Chicago Maroons football]] player [[Jay Berwanger]] became the first winner of the [[Heisman Trophy]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winners Archive |url=https://www.heisman.com/heisman-winners/ |access-date=2025-05-19 |website=Heisman |language=en-US}}</ref> However, the university chose to withdraw from the Big Ten Conference in 1946 after University president [[Robert Maynard Hutchins]] de-emphasized varsity athletics in 1939 and dropped football.<ref>{{cite book| last=McNeill|first=William Hardy|year=1991|title=Hutchins' University: A Memoir of the University of Chicago, 1929–1950| place=[[Chicago]]|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=0-226-56170-4}}</ref> In 1969, Chicago reinstated football as a Division III team, resuming playing its home games at the new [[Stagg Field]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Six score of UChicago football |url=https://mag.uchicago.edu/footballhistory |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=mag.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref>

The University of Chicago is home to the University of Chicago Rugby Football Club (UCRFC).<ref>{{Cite web |last=%~{teamName} |title=University of Chicago - University of Chicago Rugby - Men's Rugby Team |url=https://www.uchicagorugby.com/about |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.uchicagorugby.com |language=en}}</ref> Since 2022, Men's Rugby competes in the Division II Great Midwest Conference under [[National Collegiate Rugby]], having previously competed under [[USA Rugby]]. It was ranked 15th in the country at the end of the 2024 fall 15s season, falling to Montana State 19-48 in the Sweet Sixteen NCR DII playoff round. It competes in a [[Rugby sevens|Rugby 7s]] circuit in the spring. It shares its conference with Loyola University Chicago, the University of Illinois Chicago, Northwestern University (for which it competes in a yearly cup, the Hutchins-Scott Cup), DePaul University, and Benedictine University.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-30 |title=Great Midwest Conference Rankings |url=https://rugby.exposureevents.com/widgets/v1/schedule?eventid=224249&divisionid=995117&division=true&css=https://cdn.exposureevents.com/content/external/ncrugby.min.css&responsive=true}}</ref> A women's club also exists at the university.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UC Rugby |url=https://rugby.uchicago.edu/ |access-date=2025-05-10 |website=rugby.uchicago.edu}}</ref>

The university is also home to the [[ultimate frisbee]] team UChicago Fission.<ref>{{cite web |title=USA Ultimate Events, Teams and Member Accounts &#124; Play USA Ultimate |url=https://play.usaultimate.org/teams/events/Eventteam/?TeamId=BieG8NB%2f%2fsXUbEdh%2fNsShBmII%2bS3K7TovdfW9xJGBwk%3d}}</ref>

== Student life ==<!-- This section is linked to from Template:UChicago. If you change this section heading, make sure to update that temlate as well. -->
{| class="wikitable floatright sortable collapsible" ; text-align:right; font-size:80%;"
|+ style="font-size:90%" |Student body composition as of May 10, 2025
|-
! Race and ethnicity<ref>{{Cite web |title=School Profile {{!}} College Scorecard |url=https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school?144050-University-of-Chicago |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=collegescorecard.ed.gov |language=en}}</ref>
! colspan="2" data-sort-type="number" |Total
|-
| [[Non-Hispanic whites|White]]
|align=right| {{bartable|31|%|2||background:gray}}
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]]
|align=right| {{bartable|20|%|2||background:purple}}
|-
| [[Foreign national]]
|align=right| {{bartable|16|%|2||background:orange}}
|-
| [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]]
|align=right| {{bartable|17|%|2||background:green}}
|-
| Other{{efn|Other consists of [[Multiracial Americans]] & those who prefer to not say.}}
|align=right| {{bartable|9|%|2||background:brown}}
|-
| [[African Americans|Black]]
|align=right| {{bartable|7|%|2||background:mediumblue}}
|-
! colspan="4" data-sort-type="number" |[[Economic diversity]]
|-
| [[American lower class|Low-income]]{{efn|The percentage of students who received an income-based federal [[Pell grant]] intended for low-income students.}}
|align=right| {{bartable|14|%|2||background:red}}
|}

=== Student organizations ===<!-- This section is linked to from Template:UChicago. If you change this section heading, make sure to update that temlate as well. -->
<!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: please do not add to this list unless it is a notable example that can be verified with multiple sources that are not directly from the university or the organization itself. If you're in doubt, ask on the talk page. Thanks! -->
Students at the University of Chicago operate more than 400 clubs and organizations known as Recognized Student Organizations (RSOs).<ref name="activities">{{cite web|title=Student Activities|publisher=University of Chicago Office of College Admissions|year=2008|access-date=June 27, 2009|url=https://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/studentlife/activities/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090510055415/http://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/studentlife/activities/|archive-date=May 10, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="rsodatabase" /> These include cultural and religious groups, academic clubs and teams, and common-interest organizations.<ref name="rsodatabase">{{cite web|title=UChicago Student Activities Database|access-date=June 27, 2009|url=https://studentactivities.uchicago.edu/php/public/search.php|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609210431/https://studentactivities.uchicago.edu/php/public/search.php|archive-date=June 9, 2010}}</ref> Among notable student organizations are the nation's longest continuously running student film society [[Doc Films]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://docfilms.org/about/ |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=docfilms.org}}</ref><ref name="FilmNews">{{cite journal |author=Educational Film Library Association, American Film Center |year=1950 |title=Film News |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GAsdAAAAMAAJ |publisher=Film News Co. |volume=11–13 |pages=628 |quote=At the University of Chicago the Documentary Film Group, probably the oldest US film society, has been operating continuously...since 1932.}}</ref> the organizing committee for the [[University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt]], and the weekly student newspaper ''[[The Chicago Maroon]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicago Maroon |url=https://chicagomaroon.com/ |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=Chicago Maroon}}</ref>[[File:Reynoldsclub.JPG|thumb|left|upright=0.9|The university's Reynolds Club, the student center]]
==== Student government ====
All recognized student organizations are funded by [[The University of Chicago Student Government]]. Student Government consists of graduate and undergraduate students elected to represent members from their respective academic units.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Student Government {{!}} Center for Leadership and Involvement {{!}} The University of Chicago |url=https://leadership.uchicago.edu/get-involved/student-government/ |access-date=2025-05-19 |website=leadership.uchicago.edu}}</ref> It is led by an executive committee, chaired by a president with the assistance of two vice presidents (one for administration and the other for student life) who are elected together as a slate by the student body each spring. {{As of|2025}}, the Undergraduate Student Government annual budget was greater than $2.5&nbsp;million.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mission |url=https://www.uchicagocollegecouncil.com/mission |access-date=2025-05-19 |website=Undergraduate Student Government |language=en-US}}</ref>

==== Fraternities and sororities ====

{{As of|2019}}, there were more than 20 Greek organizations operating on campus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Maroon |title=Sororities and Fraternities at UChicago |url=https://chicagomaroon.com/27132/news/greek-life-uchicago/ |access-date=2025-05-12 |website=Chicago Maroon}}</ref> In 2017, approximately 20 to 25 percent of students were members of fraternities or sororities.<ref name="frats">{{Cite magazine|last=Golus|first=Carrie|url=http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0210/features/geeks.html|magazine=University of Chicago Magazine|date=October 2002|volume=95|issue=1|title=Geeks Go Greek|access-date=January 10, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061209072901/http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0210/features/geeks.html|archive-date=December 9, 2006|url-status=live}}</ref> Numbers published in 2007 by the student activities office stated that one in ten undergraduates participated in Greek life.<ref name="Greek">{{cite web |title=Greek Life On Campus |year=2007 |publisher=University of Chicago Office of Registered Clubs and Student Activities |url=http://studentactivities.uchicago.edu/involved/greek.shtml |access-date=March 8, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070211235147/http://studentactivities.uchicago.edu/involved/greek.shtml |archive-date=February 11, 2007 |df=mdy-all}}</ref>

=== Student housing ===
[[File:Blue, orange and pink.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.65|alt=An orange brick building with pink window frames and a blue roof|[[Max Palevsky Residential Commons]] is a dormitory completed in 2001 designed by postmodernist Mexican architect [[Ricardo Legorreta]].]]
{{main|Housing at the University of Chicago}}

On-campus undergraduate students at the University of Chicago participate in a [[house system]] in which each student is assigned to one of the university's seven [[residence hall]] buildings and to a smaller community within their residence hall called a "house". There are 39 houses, with an average of 70 students in each house.<ref name="collegehousing">{{cite web|url=http://housing.uchicago.edu/houses_houses/|title=Houses and Halls|publisher=The University of Chicago|access-date=September 14, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922050142/http://housing.uchicago.edu/houses_houses/|archive-date=September 22, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The houses are named after former professors and other historical figures in the university community, such as [[Eugene Fama]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-11 |title=University announces names for seven new College residential houses {{!}} University of Chicago News |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/university-announces-names-seven-new-college-residential-houses |access-date=2025-05-14 |website=news.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref>

In the past, only first years were required to live in on-campus housing, but starting with the Class of 2023, students are required to live in housing for the first two years of enrollment.<ref name="housing2">{{cite web|url=https://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/studentlife/housing.shtml|title=Housing and Dining|publisher=University of Chicago Office of College Admissions|access-date=September 10, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508132739/http://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/studentlife/housing.shtml|archive-date=May 8, 2009}}</ref> About 60% of undergraduate students live on campus.<ref name="housing2" />

For graduate students, the university owns and operates 28 apartment buildings near campus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://reo.uchicago.edu/graduate_housing/index.shtml|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721041957/http://reo.uchicago.edu/graduate_housing/index.shtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 21, 2012|title=About Graduate Housing|access-date=July 24, 2009}}</ref>

=== Traditions ===
[[File:Scavrace1.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|right|Qwazy Quad Rally, [[University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt|Scav Hunt]] 2005]]
<!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: please do not add to this list unless it is a notable example that can be verified with multiple sources that are not directly from the university or the organization itself. If you're in doubt, ask on the talk page. Thanks! -->
{{Main|Doc Films|University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt}}

Every May since 1987, the University of Chicago has held the [[University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt]], in which teams of students compete to obtain notoriously esoteric items from a list.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/05/050505.scavhunt.shtml|publisher=University of Chicago News Office|access-date=June 13, 2005|title=World's largest Scavenger Hunt begins in Chicago|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050507235316/http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/05/050505.scavhunt.shtml|archive-date=May 7, 2005|url-status=live}}</ref> Every January, the university holds a week-long winter festival, Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko (Kuvia), which includes early morning exercise routines and fitness workshops.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Producer |first=Adam Harrington Web |last2=Chicago |first2=CBS Chicago Adam Harrington is a web producer at CBS |last3=Harrington |first3=where he first arrived in January 2006 Read Full Bio Adam |last4=Producer |first4=Todd Feurer Web |last5=Newsradio |first5=CBS Chicago Todd Feurer is a web producer for CBS Chicago He has previously written for WBBM |last6=WUIS-FM |last7=Feurer |first7=the New City News Service Read Full Bio Todd |last8=Cramer |first8=Matthew |date=2025-01-16 |title=Kuvia, winter tradition at University of Chicago, canceled over student's arrest, suspension - CBS Chicago |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/chicago/news/kuvia-winter-tradition-university-of-chicago-canceled-protest/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> The university also annually holds a carnival and concert called Summer Breeze<ref>{{Cite web |title=Major Activities Board |url=https://uchicagomab.com/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=Major Activities Board |language=en-US}}</ref> that hosts outside musicians and is home to [[Doc Films]], a student film society founded in 1932 that screens films nightly at the university.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://docfilms.org/about/ |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=docfilms.org}}</ref> Since 1946, the university has organized the [[Latke-Hamantash Debate]], which involves humorous discussions about the relative merits and meanings of [[latke]]s and [[hamantash]]en.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Chicago Magazine |url=https://magazine.uchicago.edu/0512/features/puns.shtml |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=magazine.uchicago.edu}}</ref>

== People ==
{{Main list|List of University of Chicago people}}Since the university's establishment in 1890, there have been 101 [[List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation|Nobel laureates]] across all six categories affiliated with the University of Chicago,<ref name="uchicago1">{{cite web |date=December 10, 2008 |title=Nobel Laureates |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/nobel/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426222348/http://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/nobel/ |archive-date=April 26, 2009 |access-date=October 4, 2011 |publisher=The University of Chicago}}</ref> twenty-one of whom were pursuing research or on faculty at the university at the time of the award announcement.<ref>{{cite web |year=2008 |title=Nobel Laureates and Universities |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/universities.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410035330/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/universities.html |archive-date=April 10, 2008 |access-date=March 18, 2008 |publisher=Nobel Foundation}}</ref> Of these 101 Nobel Prizes, thirty were in [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]], nineteen in [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], thirteen in [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology/Medicine]], three in [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]], one in [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]], and thirty-three in [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Economics]]. Chicago faculty and alumni also include ten [[Fields Medal|Fields Medalists]],<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Fields Medal |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/14/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407140029/https://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/14/ |archive-date=April 7, 2019 |access-date=November 16, 2020 |publisher=University of Chicago}}</ref> seventeen [[National Medal of Science]] recipients,<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Medal of Science |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/who-we-are/global-impact/accolades/national-medal-of-science |access-date=2025-05-16 |website=www.uchicago.edu |language=en}}</ref> four [[Turing Award]] winners, fifty-eight [[MacArthur Fellows Program|MacArthur Fellows]],<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=MacArthur Fellows |url=http://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/18/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706173343/http://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/18/ |archive-date=July 6, 2016 |access-date=July 8, 2016 |website=The University of Chicago}}</ref> four [[John Bates Clark Medal|John Bates Clark Medalists]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Guibert |first1=Susan |date=April 18, 2014 |title=Chicago Booth's Gentzkow awarded 2014 Clark Medal |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/article/2014/04/18/chicago-booth-s-gentzkow-awarded-2014-clark-medal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113113035/https://news.uchicago.edu/article/2014/04/18/chicago-booth-s-gentzkow-awarded-2014-clark-medal |archive-date=November 13, 2017 |access-date=November 13, 2017 |publisher=UChicago News}}</ref> thirty [[Marshall Scholars]],<ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Statistics |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/who-we-are/global-impact/accolades/marshall-scholars |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126211334/http://www.marshallscholarship.org/about/statistics |archive-date=January 26, 2017 |access-date=March 31, 2025 |publisher=Marshallscholarship.org}}</ref> fifty-five [[Rhodes Scholarship|Rhodes Scholars]],<ref name="Rhodes">{{cite web |title=Rhodes Scholarships |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/who-we-are/global-impact/accolades/rhodes-scholars |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222074903/https://www.uchicago.edu/who-we-are/global-impact/accolades/rhodes-scholars |archive-date=February 22, 2022 |access-date=November 14, 2024 |publisher=University of Chicago}}</ref> twenty-seven [[Pulitzer Prize]] winners,<ref name=":3">{{cite web |title=Pulitzer Prize Winners |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/24/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419120810/https://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/24/ |archive-date=April 19, 2018 |access-date=April 19, 2018}}</ref> twenty [[National Humanities Medal]]ists,<ref name=":4">{{cite web |title=National Humanities Medalists |url=https://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/20/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319090912/http://www.uchicago.edu/about/accolades/20/ |archive-date=March 19, 2016 |access-date=April 3, 2016}}</ref> and eight [[List of American universities with Olympic medals|Olympic medalists]].{{multiple image
| total_width       = 450
| align             = right
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| header            = Notable alumni
| image1            = Milton Friedman.jpg
| caption1          = [[Milton Friedman]]
| image2            = Bernie Sanders (49624954238).jpg
| caption2          = [[Bernie Sanders]]
| image3            = Carl Sagan Planetary Society.JPG
| caption3          = [[Carl Sagan]]
}}
[[List of University of Chicago alumni|Chicago alumni]] have gone on to become notable in several fields. In particular, the university has produced CEOs of firms such as [[Microsoft]], [[Goldman Sachs]], and [[Credit Suisse]]; six heads of state across five continents; five U.S. Cabinet Secretaries; seven U.S. Senators; four central bank Presidents or Directors, including the [[World Bank]]; one Supreme Court justice; and Presidents of [[Princeton University|Princeton]], [[Northwestern University|Northwestern]], and [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]].

[[List of University of Chicago faculty|Notable faculty]] include three Supreme Court Justices, one central bank governor, and numerous Nobel Prize laureates. Former U.S. president [[Barack Obama]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Joe |date=2008-03-28 |title=Obama a Constitutional Law Professor? |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2008/03/Obama-a-constitutional-law-professor/ |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=FactCheck.org |language=en-US}}</ref> poet [[T. S. Eliot|T.S. Eliot]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=TIME |date=1950-11-13 |title=Education: Find Your Own Answers |url=https://time.com/archive/6886061/education-find-your-own-answers/ |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=TIME |language=en}}</ref> and writer [[Ralph Ellison]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Ellison, Ralph : Photographic Archive : The University of Chicago|url=http://photoarchive.lib.uchicago.edu/db.xqy?one=apf1-05960.xml|access-date=September 1, 2021|website=photoarchive.lib.uchicago.edu|archive-date=September 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901213406/http://photoarchive.lib.uchicago.edu/db.xqy?one=apf1-05960.xml|url-status=live}}</ref> have all served on the faculty.

== In pop culture ==
The University of Chicago is the [[alma mater]] of fictional characters Harry Burns and Sally Albright (from ''[[When Harry Met Sally...|When Harry Met Sally]]''), [[Indiana Jones]], and Mark Watney (from ''[[The Martian (Weir novel)|The Martian]]''). It has served as filming locations for scenes in ''[[Divergent (film)|Divergent]],'' ''[[The Fugitive (1993 film)|The Fugitive]]'', and ''[[Sense8]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicago in TV and Movies |url=https://collegeadmissions.uchicago.edu/uncommon-blog/chicago-tv-and-movies |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=College Admissions |language=en}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |last=Boyer |first=John |title=The University of Chicago: A History |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2015}}
* {{cite journal |last=Burstein |first=Stanley M. |title=Werner Jaeger Comes to Chicago |journal=International Journal of the Classical Tradition |volume=26 |issue=3 |year=2019 |pages=319–332|doi=10.1007/s12138-018-0484-8 |s2cid=255504312 }}
* {{cite book |last=Dunn |first=William N. |title=Pragmatism and the origins of the policy sciences: rediscovering Lasswell and the Chicago school |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2019}}
* {{cite journal |last=Eldred |first=Juliet Sprung |title='A Highly Complex Set of Interventions': The University of Chicago as Urban Planner, 1890-2017 |journal=Chicago Studies |year=2019 |doi=10.6082/uchicago.5538 |doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal |last=Irwin |first=Douglas A. |title=The midway and beyond: recent work on economics at Chicago |journal=History of Political Economy |volume=50 |issue=4 |year=2018 |pages=735–775 |doi=10.1215/00182702-7202548 |s2cid=158553976 |url=https://www.academia.edu/80417983}}
* {{cite journal |last=Jaworski |first=Gary D. |title=On loyalty and betrayal in postwar social science, mainly in Chicago |journal=Journal of Classical Sociology |volume=22 |issue=3 |year=2022 |pages=320–349 |doi=10.1177/1468795X211042550 |s2cid=238677255 |url=http://cdclv.unlv.edu/ega/articles/gj_on_loyalty_21.pdf}}
* {{cite book |last=Stigler |first=Stephen M. |chapter=University of Chicago Department of Statistics |editor-first1=A. |editor-last1=Agresti |editor-first2=X. L. |editor-last2=Meng |title=Strength in Numbers: The Rising of Academic Statistics Departments in the U.S. |year=2013}}
* {{cite book |last=Storr |first=Richard J. |title=Harper's University: The Beginnings |year=1966}} (a major scholarly history)
* {{cite book |last1=Veith |first1=Ilza |last2=McLean |first2=Franklin C. |title=The University of Chicago Clinics and Clinical Departments, 1927–1952: A Brief Outline of the Origins, the Formative Years, and the Present State of Medicine at the University of Chicago |year=1952}}
* {{cite book |last=Vermeulen |first=Cornelius W. |title=For the Greatest Good to the Largest Number: A History of the Medical Center, the University of Chicago, 1927–1977 |year=1977}}
* {{cite book |last=Webber |first=Henry S. |chapter=The University of Chicago and Its Neighbors: A Case Study in Community Development |editor-first1=David C. |editor-last1=Perry |editor-first2=Wim |editor-last2=Wiewel  |title=The University as Urban Developer: Case Studies and Analysis |year=2005}}
* {{cite thesis |last=White |first=Woodie T. |title=The Study of Education at the University of Chicago 1892–1958 |type=PhD dissertation |publisher=University of Chicago |year=1977}}
* {{cite book |last=Wind |first=James P. |title=The Bible and the University: The Messianic Vision of William Rainey Harper |year=1987}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikisource|Portal:University of Chicago}}
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.illinoisgreatplaces.com/#welcome Illinois Great Places] – [http://www.illinoisgreatplaces.com/#detail/university_of_chicago_quadrangle-081/type=educational/city=chicago University of Chicago Quadrangles]
* [http://sah-archipedia.org/buildings/IL-01-031-0093 Society of Architectural Historians SAH ARCHIPEDIA entry on the University of Chicago Quadrangles]

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