Editing Tyropoeon Valley

{{Short description|Valley in Jerusalem}}

[[File:Jerusalem_map,_DA_Randall,_1862.png|thumb|right|1862 map of Jerusalem showing the Valley of Tyropoeon]]

'''Tyropoeon Valley''' (Greek: {{Lang|grc|φάραγξ τῶν τυροποιῶν}} {{Lang|grc-latn|pharanx tōn tyropoiōn}} i.e., "Valley of the [[Cheese]]makers" or "Cheesemongers"), is the name given by the first-century Jewish-Roman historian [[Josephus]] ([http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+5.4.1.&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148 Wars 5.140]) to the [[valley]] or rugged [[ravine]], which in his times separated [[Old City of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]]'s [[Temple Mount]] (Mount Moriah) from the Western Hill or [[Mount Zion]], and emptied into the valley of [[Hinnom]].<ref>''[[Easton's Bible Dictionary]]'' (1897),  [https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Easton%27s_Bible_Dictionary_(1897)/Tyropoeon_Valley Tyropoeon Valley]. Accessed 5 January 2024.</ref> In modern scholarly terms it is also known as the '''central valley/Central Valley''' of Jerusalem.<ref name=JL>Lipnick, Jonathan (May 31, 2018). [https://blog.israelbiblicalstudies.com/holy-land-studies/cheesemakers/ What's So Special About The Cheesemakers?], Israel Institute of Biblical Studies. Accessed 5 January 2024.</ref>

== Names, etymology ==
In the ancient [[Copper Scroll]] this valley is called in Hebrew the '''Outer Valley''' (3Q15 col.8, line 4).{{cn|date= January 2024}}

The name used by Josephus, {{Lang|grc|των τυροποιων}} ({{Lang|grc-latn|tōn tyropoiōn}}), possibly arose as an ancient mistranslation from [[Hebrew (language)|Hebrew]] to the [[Greek (language)|Greek]] of Josephus's book{{dubious|Josephus wrote it directly in Greek. Either he, or others before him made the mistake, not any presumtive translators. |date= January 2024}}; [[Semitic languages]] use the same [[root (linguistics)|root]] for ''outer'' and ''congeal''.{{cn|date= January 2024}}

==Description, history==
The Tyropoeon, filled over the centuries with a vast accumulation of debris, and almost a plain, was spanned by bridges, the most noted of which was [[Zion]] Bridge, which was probably the ordinary means of communication between the royal palace on Zion and the [[Temple in Jerusalem|temple]].<ref>Easton's (1897)</ref>

The [[western wall]] of the [[Temple Mount]] rose up from the bottom of this valley to the height of 84 feet, where it was on a level with the area, and above this, and as a continuance of it, the wall of [[Solomon]]'s cloister rose to the height of about 50 feet, "so that this section of the wall would originally present to view a stupendous mass of masonry scarcely to be surpassed by any mural masonry in the world."<ref>Easton's (1897)</ref>

==See also==
*[[Geography of Israel]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{EBD|title=Tyropoeon Valley}}

{{Authority control}}
{{coord|31|46|37.01|N|35|14|3.26|E|display=title}}

[[Category:Ancient Israel and Judah]]
[[Category:Geography of Jerusalem]]
[[Category:Hebrew Bible valleys]]


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