Editing Types of swords

{{short description|Bladed weapon}}
{{further|Classification of swords|List of premodern combat weapons#Swords}}
{{Dynamic list}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2022}}
This is a list of types of [[sword]]s.

The term [[:wikt:sword|sword]] used here is a narrow definition. This is not a general [[List of premodern combat weapons]] and does not include the [[machete]], [[macuahuitl]] or similar "sword-like" weapons.

==African swords==
===Northern African swords===
* [[Flyssa]] (19th century Algeria)
* [[Kaskara]] (19th century Sudan)
* [[Khopesh]] (Egyptian)
* [[Mameluke sword]] (18th to 19th century Egyptian)
* [[Nimcha]] (15th to 19th century Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia)

===Eastern African swords===
* [[Billao]] (Somali)
* [[Shotel]] (Eritrea and Ethiopian)

===Western African swords===
* [[Akrafena]] (Ghana and Togo)
* [[Ida (sword)|Ida]] (Nigeria and Benin)
* [[Takoba]] (Mali and Niger)

===Central African swords===
* [[Ikakalaka]]
* [[Ikul]]
* [[Mambele]]
* [[Ngulu (weapon)|Ngulu]]

==Asian swords==

===Eastern Asian swords===
====China====
{{main|Chinese sword}}
* [[Dao (Chinese sword)|Dao]] (刀 [[pinyin]] dāo) "sabre"
** [[Baguazhang|Baguadao]] (八卦道)
** [[Butterfly sword]] (蝴蝶雙刀)
** [[Changdao (sword)|Changdao]] (長刀)
** [[Dao (Chinese sword)|Dadao]] (大刀)
** [[Liuyedao]] (柳葉刀)
** [[Miaodao|Miao dao]] (苗刀)
** [[Nandao]] (南刀)
** [[Piandao]] (片刀)
** [[Wodao]] (倭刀)
** [[Yanmaodao]] (雁翎刀)
** [[Zhanmadao]] (斬馬刀)
* [[Jian]] (劍 [[pinyin]] jiàn)
** [[Shuangshou jian]] (雙手劍)
* [[Hook sword]] (鉤)

====Japan====
{{main|Japanese sword}}
* [[Nihonto]] (日本刀; にほんとう)
** [[Bokken]] (木剣)
** [[Chokutō]] (直刀)
** [[Guntō]] (軍刀)
*** Kyū guntō (旧軍刀)
*** Shin guntō (新軍刀)
** [[Hachiwara]] (鉢割)
** [[Iaitō]] (居合刀)
** [[Jintachi]] (陣太刀)
** [[Katana]] (刀; かたな)
** [[Tachi#History|Kenukigata tachi]] (毛抜型太刀)
** [[Kodachi]] (小太刀)
** [[Nagamaki]] (長巻)
** [[Ninjato]] (忍者刀)
** [[Ōdachi]]/Nodachi (大太刀/野太刀)
** [[Katana#History|Sasuga]] (刺刀)
** [[Shinai]] (竹刀)
** [[Shinken]] (真剣)
** [[Shikomizue]] (仕込み杖)
** [[Tachi]] (太刀; たち)
** [[Tantō]] (短刀; たんとう)
** [[Tsurugi (sword)|Tsurugi]] (剣)
** [[Wakizashi]] (脇差; わきざし)
** [[Naginata]] (なぎなた)
** [[Sai (weapon)]] (サイ)

====Korea====
{{main|Korean sword}}
* [[Hwandudaedo]] (환두대도; 环首大刀)
* [[Saingeom]] (사인검)

===Southeastern Asian swords===
Swords and knives found in Southeast Asia are influenced by Indian, Chinese, Middle Eastern, and European forms.

====Indonesia====
* [[Alamang]]
* [[Amanremu]]
* [[Badik]]
* [[Balato (sword)]]
* [[Blakas]]
* [[Gari (sword)]]
* [[Golok]]
* [[Kabeala]]
* [[Karambit]]
* [[Keris]]
* [[Klewang]]
* [[Kujang (weapon)|Kujang]]
* [[Langgai Tinggang]]
* [[Luwuk (sword)|Luwuk]]
* [[Mandau (knife)|Mandau]]
* [[Niabor]]
* [[Palitai]]
* [[Pandat]]
* [[Parang (knife)|Parang]]
* [[Rencong]]
* [[Sewar]]
* [[Si Euli]]
* [[Sikin Panjang]]

====Myanmar====
* [[Dha (sword)|Dha]]

====Philippines====
* [[Balasiong]]
* [[Balisword]]
* [[Butterfly knife|Balisong]]
* [[Bangkung]]
* [[Banyal]]
* [[Barong (sword)|Barong]]
* [[Batangas (sword)|Batangas]]
* [[Bolo knife|Bolo]]
* [[Dahong Palay]]
* [[Gayang]]
* [[Golok|Gulok]]
* [[Kalis]]
* [[Kampilan]]
* [[Panabas]]
* [[Pinuti]]
* [[Pirah]]
* [[Sundang]]
* [[Susuwat]]
* [[Utak]]

====Thailand====
* [[Dha (sword)|Daab]]
* [[Krabi (sword)|Krabi]]

===Southern Asian swords===

====Bhutan====
* [[Patag (sword)|Patag]]

====Bladed weapons of the Indian subcontinent====
* [[Kirpan]]
* [[Talwar|Tegha]]
* [[Sirohi sword]]
* [[Asi (Mahabharata)|Asi]]
* [[Firangi (sword)|Firangi]]
* [[Hengdang]]
* [[Talwar]]
* [[Kayamkulam vaal]]
* [[Khanda (sword)|Khanda]]
* [[Malappuram Kathi]]
* [[Moplah (sword)|Moplah]]
* [[Pata (sword)|Pata]]
* [[Ram-dao]]
* [[Urumi]]

====Sri Lanka====
* [[Kastane]]

===Western and Central Asian swords===
* [[Acinaces]] (Scythian short sword)
* Chereb ({{Script/Hebrew|חֶרֶב}}, modern Hebrew ''khérev''): ancient Israelite sword mentioned 413 times in the [[Hebrew Bible]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Strong's Hebrew: 2719. חָ֫רֶב (chereb) -- a sword |author= |work=biblehub.com |date= |access-date=3 November 2022 |url= https://biblehub.com/hebrew/2719.htm}}</ref>

The Ancient Greeks and Romans also introduced various types of swords, see [[#Ancient Europe]].

====Post-classical period====
All of the [[Islamic world]] during the 16th to 18th century, including the [[Ottoman Empire]] and [[Persia]] were influenced by the "[[scimitar]]" type of single-edged curved sword. Via the [[Mameluke sword]] this also gave rise to the European cavalry [[sabre]].

Terms for the "scimitar" curved sword:
* [[Kilij]] (Turkish)
* [[Pulwar]] (Afghanistan)
* [[Shamshir]] (Persia)
* [[Talwar]] (Indo-Pakistani)
* [[Yataghan]] (Turkish)
* [[Khanjar]] (Arabian)
* [[Arab sword|Saif]] (Arabian)
* [[Scimitar]] (Arabian)
* [[Zulfiqar]] (Arabian)

==European swords==
===Ancient European swords===
* [[Bronze Age sword#Europe|Bronze Age European swords]]
** [[Harpe]]: mentioned almost exclusively in Greek mythology
* [[Iron Age sword#European swords|Iron Age European swords]]
** [[Falcata]]: one-handed single-edged sword – blade {{convert|48|–|60|cm|abbr=on}} – with forward-curving blade for slashing
** [[Falx]]: Dacian and Thracian one-handed or two-handed single-edged curved shortsword for slashing
** [[Gladius]]: Roman one-handed double-edged shortsword for thrusting (primary) and slashing, used by [[legionary|legionaries]] (heavy infantry)<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Romeinse Rijk §3.1 Landmacht |encyclopedia=[[Encarta]] Encyclopedie [[Winkler Prins]] |date=2002 |publisher=Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum |language=nl}}</ref> and [[gladiator]]s, and late Roman light infantry. 3rd century BCE Roman Republic – late Roman Empire.
** [[Kopis]]: one-handed single-edged sword – blade {{convert|48|–|60|cm|abbr=on}} – with forward-curving blade for slashing
** [[Makhaira]]: Greek one-handed, single-edged shortsword or knife for cutting (primary) and thrusting
** [[Pugio]]: Roman dagger
** [[Rhomphaia]]: Greek single-edged straight or slightly curved broadsword – blade {{convert|60|–|80|cm|abbr=on}} – for slashing (primary) and thrusting
** [[Spatha]]: Celtic/Germanic/Roman one-handed double-edged longsword – blade {{convert|50|–|100|cm|abbr=on}} – for thrusting and slashing, used by gladiators, cavalry and heavy infantry. 3rd century BCE Gaul/Germania – Migration Period.
** [[Xiphos]]: Greek one-handed, double-edged Iron Age straight shortsword 
** Xyele: The short, slightly curved, one-edged sword of the Spartans.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0062%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DX%3Aentry+group%3D1%3Aentry%3Dxyele-harpers Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898), Xyele]</ref>
* [[Migration Period sword]]s
** [[Spatha]]: continuation, evolved into
*** [[Ring-sword]] (ring-spatha, ring-hilt spatha), Merovingian period
*** [[Viking sword]] or Carolingian sword
** [[Migration Period sword#Krefeld type|Krefeld type]]

===Post-classical European swords===
{{main|Oakeshott typology}}
* [[Knightly sword|Arming sword]]: high medieval knightly sword
* [[Backsword]]
* [[Baselard]]
* [[Carracks black sword]]
* [[Cinquedea]]
* [[Claymore]]: late medieval Scottish sword
* [[Curtana]]: a medieval term for a ceremonial sword
* [[Estoc]]: thrust-oriented sword
* [[Falchion]]
* [[Flamberge]]
* [[Hunting sword]]
* [[Longsword]]: late medieval
* [[Messer (sword)|Messer]]
* [[Misericorde (weapon)|Misericorde]]
* [[Paramerion]]: Eastern Roman Byzantine sword
* [[Parrying dagger]]
* [[Poignard]]
* [[Rondel dagger]]
* [[Schiavonesca]]
* [[Seax]]: shortsword, knife or dagger of varying sizes typical of the Germanic peoples of the Migration Period and the Early Middle Ages, especially the [[Saxons]], whose name derives from the weapon.
* [[Small sword]]
* [[Spadroon]]
* [[Stiletto]]
* [[Viking sword]] or Carolingian sword: early medieval spatha
* [[Zweihänder]]: 1500–1600 Germany

===Modern European swords===
* [[Basket-hilted sword]]
* [[Colichemarde]]
* [[Cutlass]]
* [[Dirk]]
* [[Dusack]]
* [[Executioner's sword]]
* [[Karabela]]
* [[Katzbalger]]
* [[Sgian-dubh]]
* [[Swiss degen]]
* [[Szabla]]
* Early modern fencing
** [[Feder (fencing)|Feder]]
** [[Rapier]]
** [[Sabre]]
** [[Spada da lato]]
* [[Modern fencing]] (sport equipment)
** [[Épée]]
** [[Foil (fencing)]]
** [[Sabre (fencing)]]

==North American swords==
* [[U.S. regulation swords]] (sabres, and in some instances [[Fascine knife|fascine knives]] shaped like short swords)

==See also==
* [[Classification of swords]]
* [[List of daggers]]
* [[List of premodern combat weapons]]
* [[Lists of swords]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Swords by region}}

[[Category:Lists of swords|Type]]
[[Category:Lists of weapons|Swords]]
[[Category:Edged and bladed weapons|swords]]