Editing Troyes

{{short description|Prefecture and commune in Grand Est, France}}
{{Expand French|topic=geo|date=December 2008|Troyes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox French commune
|name               = Troyes
|commune status     = [[Prefectures of France|Prefecture]] and [[Communes of France|commune]]
|image              = Troyes centre ville1.JPG
|caption            = Buildings in the historic quarter of Troyes
|image flag         = Troyes flag.png
|image coat of arms = Coat of Arms of Troyes.svg
|arrondissement     = Troyes
|canton             = [[Canton of Troyes-1|Troyes-1]] <br /> [[Canton of Troyes-2|Troyes-2]] <br /> [[Canton of Troyes-3|Troyes-3]] <br /> [[Canton of Troyes-4|Troyes-4]] <br /> [[Canton of Troyes-5|Troyes-5]]
|INSEE              = 10387
|postal code        = 10000
|mayor              = [[François Baroin]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=6 June 2023|language=fr}}</ref>
|term               = 2020&ndash;2026
|party              = [[The Republicans (France)|LR]]
|intercommunality   = [[Communauté d'agglomération Troyes Champagne Métropole|CA Troyes Champagne Métropole]]
|coordinates        = {{coord|48.2997|4.0792|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation m        = 118
|elevation min m    = 100
|elevation max m    = 126
|area km2           = 13.2
|population         = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date    = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes   = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
|map                = Troyes OSM 01.png
}}
[[File:Troyes altarpiece (detail) Victoria and Albert Museum, London.JPG|thumb|upright=1.3|Troyes altarpiece (detail) [[Victoria and Albert Museum]], London]]

'''Troyes''' ({{IPA|fr|tʁwa|-|Fr-Paris--Troyes.ogg}}) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] and the capital of the [[Departments of France|department]] of [[Aube]] in the [[Grand Est]] region of north-central France. It is located on the [[Seine]] river about {{convert|140|km|mi|abbr=on}} south-east of Paris. Troyes is situated within the [[Champagne wine region]] and is near the [[Orient Forest Regional Natural Park]].

Troyes had a population of 61,996 inhabitants in 2018. It is the center of the [[Communauté d'agglomération Troyes Champagne Métropole]], which was home to 170,145 inhabitants.

Troyes developed as early as the [[Ancient Rome|Roman era]], when it was known as '''Augustobona Tricassium'''. It stood at the hub of numerous highways, primarily the [[Via Agrippa]]. The city has a rich historical past, from the [[Tricasses]] tribe to the liberation of the city on 25 August 1944 during the Second World War, including the [[Battle of the Catalaunian Plains]], the Council of Troyes, the marriage of [[Henry V of England|Henry V]] and [[Catherine of Valois|Catherine of France]], and the [[Champagne fairs]] to which merchants came from all over Christendom. The city has a rich architectural and urban heritage: many buildings are protected as historical monuments, including the [[half-timbered houses]] (mainly of the 16th century) that survived in the old town. They have contributed to Troyes being designated as a City of Art and History.

Manufacturing of [[Textile industry|textiles]], developed from the 18th century onwards, was a chief part of Troyes' economy until the 1960s. Today, Troyes is the European capital of [[factory outlets]] and trading, and has three brand centers.

==History==
{{see also|Timeline of Troyes}}
{{For|the ecclesiastical history|Roman Catholic Diocese of Troyes}}
Prehistoric evidence found in the Troyes area suggests that the settlement may have developed as early as 600 BC. [[Celts|Celtic]] grave-mounds have been found near the city, and Celtic artifacts have been excavated within the city grounds.<ref>"L'énigme de la Tombe Celte" (arte, French): 1 h 13 min 02 sec and following. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2a0w6dQAn0</ref>

In the Roman era, Troyes was known as '''Augustobona Tricassium'''. Numerous highways intersected here, primarily the [[Via Agrippa]], which led north to [[Reims]] and south to [[Langres]], and eventually to [[Milan]].<ref>Traces of the Roman paving have been found {{convert|3|m|2|abbr=on}} below the rue de la Ciré.([http://vieuxtroyes.free.fr/t/balada.htm "Balades dans l'histoire du vieux Troyes"])</ref> Other Roman routes from Troyes led to [[Poitiers]], [[Autun]] and [[Orléans]].<ref>[http://icarus.umkc.edu/sandbox/perseus/pecs/page.516.a.php ''Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites'']</ref>

It was the ''[[civitas]]'' of the [[Tricasses]] people,<ref>[[Ptolemy]], ''Geography'' 8.13, mentions the Tricasses and their city Augustobona.</ref> whom [[Augustus]] separated from the [[Senones]]. Of the [[Gallo-Roman]] city of the early [[Roman Empire]], some scattered remains have been found, but no public monuments, other than traces of an [[Roman aqueduct| aqueduct]]. By the late Empire the settlement had reduced in extent. It was referred to as '''Tricassium''' or '''Tricassae''', the origin of French {{lang | fr | Troyes}}.

From the fourth century AD, the people had become Christian and the Church made the city the seat of a bishop. The legend of its bishop [[Lupus of Troyes |Lupus (Loup)]], who allegedly saved the city from [[Attila]] in 451 by offering himself as hostage, is [[hagiographic]] rather than historical.<ref>Attwater, Donald. ''The Penguin Dictionary of Saints'', (1945) Reprint: 1981, p. 223.</ref> A disciple of Saint Lupus, Aventinus (Saint Aventin of Troyes, died 537) founded a monastery at Troyes.<ref>
{{cite book
 |last1                = Baudoin
 |first1               = Jacques
 |year                 = 2006
 |title                = Grand livre des saints: culte et iconographie en Occident
 |url                  = https://books.google.com/books?id=6Hwa38EjyoAC
 |language             = fr
 |publication-place    = Nonette
 |publisher            = EDITIONS CREER
 |page                 = 112
 |isbn                 = 9782848190419
 |access-date          = 12 November 2023
 |quote                = Saint Aventin de Troyes (Aventinus, 4 février) Ermite natif de Bourges, attiré en Champagne par la réputation de saint Loup de Troyes († 479). Il avait installé à Troyes une communauté monastique. En 525, il racheta de l'esclavage Fidole (saint Phal), à qui il confia son monastère, et il se retira en ermite a l'Isle-au-Mont, ou il mourut en 537.
}} 
</ref> It was several centuries before Troyes gained importance as a medieval centre of commerce.

The [[Battle of the Catalaunian Plains]], also called the Battle of Troyes, took place nearby in 451 AD: the [[Western Roman Empire |Roman]] general [[Flavius Aetius]] and the [[Visigoths| Visigothic]] king [[Theodoric I]] fought against [[Attila]].

The early cathedral occupied the site of the current one. Here [[Louis the Stammerer]] in 878 received the crown of [[West Francia]] from [[Pope John VIII]]. At the end of the ninth century, following depredations of the city by [[Normans]], the [[Count of Champagne |counts of Champagne]] chose Troyes as their capital. It remained the capital of the [[Champagne, France| Province of Champagne]] until the [[French Revolution| Revolution]] of the late eighteenth century. The [[Abbey of Saint-Loup]] developed a renowned library and [[scriptorium]].

During the [[Middle Ages]], Troyes functioned as an important international trading town. It was the namesake of [[troy weight]] for gold - a standard of measurement developed here.<ref>{{cite book|last1= Lloyd|first1= John|last2= Mitchison|first2= John|title= The Second Book of General Ignorance |edition= First|year= 2010|publisher= Faber and Faber Ltd|location= London|isbn= 978-0-571-26965-5|page= 71}}</ref> The [[Champagne fairs| Champagne cloth fairs]] and the revival of long-distance trade, together with new extension of coinage and credit, were the drivers of the medieval economy of Troyes.

In [[1040]], Shlomo Yitzchaki, better known as [[Rashi]], was born in Troyes. The rabbi and philosopher, a prominent commentator on the [[Bible]] and the [[Talmud]], established an influential school of Jewish thought in the city.

In 1285, when [[Philip IV of France| King Philip the Fair]] united Champagne to the [[Crown lands of France| French royal domain]], the town kept a number of its traditional privileges. [[John the Fearless]], Duke of [[Duchy of Burgundy| Burgundy]] and ally of the English during the [[Hundred Years War]], in 1417 worked to have Troyes designated as the capital of France. He came to an understanding with [[Isabeau of Bavaria]], wife of King [[Charles VI of France]], for the establishment at Troyes of a court, council, and [[parlement]] with comptroller's offices.

On 21 May 1420, the [[Treaty of Troyes]] was signed in this city, still under control of the Burgundians, by which King [[Henry V of England]] was betrothed to [[Catherine of Valois| Catherine]], daughter of Charles VI. Under the terms of the treaty, Henry V, rather than the [[Dauphin of France | Dauphin]], was to succeed Charles as King of France. The high-water mark of [[Plantagenet]] hegemony in France was reversed in 1429 when the Dauphin (afterwards [[Charles VII of France| King Charles VII]]) and [[Joan of Arc]] re-established French control of the town of Troyes by [[March to Reims| armed conflict (Siege of Troyes)]].

[[File:Maison Commune - Hôtel de Ville, Troyes 20140509 1.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Hôtel de Ville, Troyes|Hôtel de Ville]]]]

The great fire of 1524 destroyed much of the medieval city, although the city had numerous canals separating sections.

During the [[repression of January and February 1894]], the police conducted raids targeting the [[Anarchism|anarchists]] living there, without much success.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news |date=3 January 1894 |title=Les anarchistes |trans-title=The anarchists |work=La Dépêche |pages=2}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite journal |date=2 January 1894 |title=Deux mille perquisitions |journal=L'Estafette |pages=2}}</ref><ref name=":32">{{Cite news |date=3 January 1894 |title=Une série générale de perquisitions : résultat négatif des recherches |trans-title=A general series of raids: negative results |work=L'Éclair}}</ref>

==Main sights==
[[File:Baptême Cathédrale de Troyes 290308.jpg|thumb|right|Cathédrale Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul de Troyes (1549)]]
* Many [[half-timbered houses]] (mainly of the 16th century) survive in the old town.
* ''[[Hôtel particulier|Hôtels particuliers]]'' (mansions) of the old town
* The [[Hôtel de Ville, Troyes|Hôtel de Ville]] on Place Alexandre Israël, is an urbane example of the ''style Louis XIII''. On the central ''[[corps de logis]],'' which contains the main reception rooms, its cornice is rhythmically broken forward over paired Corinthian columns; these are supported below by strong clustered pilasters. Above the entrance door the statue of [[Louis XIV]] was pulled out of its niche and smashed in 1793, during the [[Reign of Terror]] at the height of the [[French Revolution]]; it was replaced in the nineteenth century with the present ''Helmeted Minerva'' and the device in its original form. It is now rare to see [[Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité|"Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité, ou la Mort"]]. In the ''Salle du Conseil'' (Council Chamber) a marble medallion of Louis XIV (1690) by [[François Girardon]], born at Troyes, survived the destruction unscathed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aube-champagne.com/en/poi/hotel-de-ville-de-troyes-2/|title=Hôtel de Ville de Troyes|publisher=Aube-Champagne|access-date=25 November 2024}}</ref>

===Museums===
* Museum of Modern Art (Musée d'Art Moderne)
* Maison de l'outil et de la pensée ouvrière
* Vauluisant Museum :
** Historical museum of Troyes and Champagne-Ardenne
** Museum of hosiery
* Hôtel-Dieu-Lecomte apothecary
* Saint-Loup Museum (museum of fine arts)
* Di Marco Museum (Open from 1 April to 1 October, each year)

===Churches and synagogues ===
[[File:Troyes Cathédrale St. Pierre et Paul Fassade 1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Cathedral western front]]
Not having suffered from the last wars, Troyes has a high density of old religious buildings grouped close to the city centre. They include:
* [[Troyes Cathedral|Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul Cathedral]]
* Saint-Nizier Church, in Gothic and Renaissance style, with remarkable sculptures. Classified as a ''[[Monument Historique]]'' (French equivalence) in 1840.
* The Gothic [[Basilica of St. Urbain, Troyes|Saint-Urbain Basilica]] (thirteenth century), with a roofing covered by polished tiles. It was built by Jacques Pantaléon, who was elected pope in 1261, under the name of [[Urban IV|Urbain IV]], on grounds where his father had a workshop. Classified ''[[Monument Historique]]'' in 1840. It was proclaimed a basilica in 1964. 
* Sainte-Madeleine Church. Very early Gothic, with east end rebuilt around 1500. Remarkably elaborate stone rood screen of 1508–17 in Flamboyant Gothic style, sculpted by Jean Gailde, with a statue of [[Martha|Saint Martha]]. Fine Renaissance stained glass. Saint Jean district. Classified ''[[Monument historique]]'' in 1840.
* Saint-Jean Church, with a Renaissance chancel, [[Church tabernacle|tabernacle]] of the high [[altar]] by [[Giraudon]]. On the portal, coat of arms of [[Charles IX of France|Charles IX]]. Classified ''[[Monument Historique]]'' in 1840.
* Gothic Saint-Nicolas Church, dating to the beginning of the sixteenth century, with a calvary chapel -shaped rostrum reached by a monumental staircase. On the south portal, two sculptures by François Gentil of [[David]] and [[Isaiah]].
* Saint-Pantaléon Church, with extensive statuary from the sixteenth century.
* Saint Remy Church, with a 14th-century spire rising to a height of {{convert|60|m|2|abbr=on}}. A 17th-century [[sundial]] on its south side bears the Latin inscription ''sicut umbra dies nostri super terram'' ("our days on earth pass like a shadow").
* Church of ''Saint-Martin-ès-Vignes''. It has stained glass windows of the seventeenth century by the local master verrier [[Linard Gonthier]].

Several Troyes churches have sculpture by [[The Maître de Chaource]].

==== Jewish Worship ====
[[File:Troyes synagogue.jpg|alt=The Rashi Synagogue|left|thumb|The [[Rashi Synagogue of Troyes|Rashi Synagogue]]]]
Jewish worship is conducted in the Rashi Synagogue of Troyes, named in honor of Rabbi Salomon Ben Isaac, known as [[Rashi]], the famous commentator of the [[Talmud]]. The current building was constructed on the site of an old abbey from the 16th century and replaced the synagogue destroyed during [[World War II]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.judaicultures.info/sites-patrimoine/france-15/Region-Centre/Troyes-en-France|title=Troyes in France - A Millennial Jewish History|website=judaicultures.info|access-date=February 15, 2012}},</ref>{{,}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.crdp-reims.fr/cddp10/ressources/mediatheque/dossiers/lieux_cultuels/2.htm|title=Making Sense of the Forms of Places of Worship - The Synagogue|website=crdp-reims.fr|access-date=October 29, 2011}}.</ref> The building is in [[Renaissance]] style and was restored in the 20th century. It consists of a [[half-timbered house]] from the 16th century and another house dating from the 18th century ([[Louis XV style]]).<ref>{{Cite book |author1=Didier Guy |author2=Patrick Dupré |title=Troyes en Champagne |location=Troyes |publisher=La Maison du Boulanger |year= |page=124 |isbn=978-2-913052-21-5}}</ref> A cultural center has also been established.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=29 October 2011 |title=Donner sens aux formes des lieux cultuels - La synagogue |url=http://www.crdp-reims.fr/cddp10/ressources/mediatheque/dossiers/lieux_cultuels/2.htm |website=crdp-reims.fr}}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

Recent renovations were undertaken to restore the synagogue to reflect the spirit of [[Rashi|Rashi of Troyes]]' time. The inauguration took place on {{date|September 4, 2016}}, in the presence of [[Haïm Korsia|Haim Korsia]], the [[Chief Rabbi of France]].<ref>{{Cite news|language=fr|author1=I.F. with R. Doumergue|title=Troyes: the Restored Synagogue Was Inaugurated|journal=France 3 Region|date=September 4, 2016|url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/grand-est/aube/troyes/troyes-la-synogogue-restauree-ete-inauguree-1078009.html|pages=}}.</ref>

==Climate==
{{Weather box
|collapsed= y
|location = Troyes (1991–2020 averages)
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 16.2
|Feb record high C = 22.1
|Mar record high C = 26.1
|Apr record high C = 29.2
|May record high C = 33.3
|Jun record high C = 38.4
|Jul record high C = 41.8
|Aug record high C = 40.6
|Sep record high C = 35.0
|Oct record high C = 30.3
|Nov record high C = 23.0
|Dec record high C = 19.0
|year record high C = 41.8
|Jan high C = 6.8
|Feb high C = 8.2
|Mar high C = 12.5
|Apr high C = 16.2
|May high C = 19.9
|Jun high C = 23.5
|Jul high C = 26.2
|Aug high C = 26.0
|Sep high C = 21.6
|Oct high C = 16.6
|Nov high C = 10.6
|Dec high C = 7.4
|year high C = 16.3
|Jan low C = 0.5
|Feb low C = 0.3
|Mar low C = 2.2
|Apr low C = 4.2
|May low C = 8.1
|Jun low C = 11.3
|Jul low C = 13.4
|Aug low C = 13.2
|Sep low C = 9.8
|Oct low C = 7.2
|Nov low C = 3.5
|Dec low C = 1.3
|year low C = 6.3
|Jan record low C = -23.0
|Feb record low C = -17.6
|Mar record low C = -15.4
|Apr record low C = -6.2
|May record low C = -2.0
|Jun record low C = 0.4
|Jul record low C = 3.1
|Aug record low C = 3.0
|Sep record low C = -0.4
|Oct record low C = -7.0
|Nov record low C = -11.1
|Dec record low C = -18.0
|year record low C = -23.0
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 48.2
|Feb precipitation mm = 44.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 45.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 48.3
|May precipitation mm = 64.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 52.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 56.4
|Aug precipitation mm = 53.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 52.4
|Oct precipitation mm = 63.8
|Nov precipitation mm = 55.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 58.9
|year precipitation mm = 644.6
|Jan precipitation days = 10.5
|Feb precipitation days = 9.7
|Mar precipitation days = 9.5
|Apr precipitation days = 9.4
|May precipitation days = 10.2
|Jun precipitation days = 8.7
|Jul precipitation days = 7.9
|Aug precipitation days = 7.7
|Sep precipitation days = 7.9
|Oct precipitation days = 9.7
|Nov precipitation days = 10.2
|Dec precipitation days = 11.5
|year precipitation days = 112.9
|Jan sun = 63.1
|Feb sun = 90.4
|Mar sun = 148.3
|Apr sun = 190.0
|May sun = 216.4
|Jun sun = 230.8
|Jul sun = 242.2
|Aug sun = 232.0
|Sep sun = 185.7
|Oct sun = 125.4
|Nov sun = 69.8
|Dec sun = 57.4
|year sun = 1851.4
|source 1= Météo France<ref name= Météo>{{cite web
| url = http://www.meteofrance.com/climat/france/troyes/10030001/normales
| title = Données climatiques de la station de Troyes
| publisher = Meteo France
| language = fr
| access-date = 4 January 2016
| archive-date = 2 June 2019
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190602063020/http://www.meteofrance.com/climat/france/troyes/10030001/normales
| url-status = dead
}}</ref><ref name=MFclimat2>{{cite web
| url = http://www.meteofrance.com/climat/france/champagne-ardenne/regi21/normales
| title = Climat Champagne-Ardenne
| publisher = Meteo France
| language = fr
| access-date = 4 January 2016
| archive-date = 25 February 2018
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180225073421/http://www.meteofrance.com/climat/france/champagne-ardenne/regi21/normales
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box
|location= Troyes (2005-2020 averages)
|collapsed= y
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
|Jan high C= 6.6
|Feb high C= 8.2
|Mar high C= 12.3
|Apr high C= 17.1
|May high C= 20.1
|Jun high C= 24.1
|Jul high C= 26.8
|Aug high C= 25.7
|Sep high C= 22.2
|Oct high C= 17.1
|Nov high C= 11.1
|Dec high C= 7.4
|year high C= 16.6
|Jan mean C= 3.9
|Feb mean C= 4.5
|Mar mean C= 7.2
|Apr mean C= 10.9
|May mean C= 14.2
|Jun mean C= 17.9
|Jul mean C= 20.3
|Aug mean C= 19.4
|Sep mean C= 16.1
|Oct mean C= 12.5
|Nov mean C= 7.7
|Dec mean C= 4.6
|year mean C= 11.6
|Jan low C= 1.1
|Feb low C= 0.7
|Mar low C= 2.2
|Apr low C= 4.6
|May low C= 8.4
|Jun low C= 11.7
|Jul low C= 13.8
|Aug low C= 13.1
|Sep low C= 9.9
|Oct low C= 7.8
|Nov low C= 4.3
|Dec low C= 1.8
|year low C= 6.6
|Jan sun= 64.7
|Feb sun= 92.4
|Mar sun= 151.1
|Apr sun= 204.7
|May sun= 211.4
|Jun sun= 235.4
|Jul sun= 252.3
|Aug sun= 225.1
|Sep sun= 194.6
|Oct sun= 129.1
|Nov sun= 69.3
|Dec sun= 62.6
|date=December 2024}}

==Population==
The inhabitants of the commune are called Troyens.

{{Historical populations
| align = none
| cols = 2
| percentages = pagr
| source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|38334|Troyes}}</ref> and INSEE (1968–2021)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-10387#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
| graph-pos = bottom
|1793 |26751
|1800 |24061
|1806 |27196
|1821 |25078
|1831 |23740
|1836 |25563
|1841 |25469
|1846 |25702
|1851 |27376
|1856 |33071
|1861 |34613
|1866 |35678
|1872 |38113
|1876 |41275
|1881 |46067
|1886 |46972
|1891 |50330
|1896 |52998
|1901 |53146
|1906 |53447
|1911 |55486
|1921 |55215
|1926 |58321
|1931 |58804
|1936 |57961
|1946 |58805
|1954 |58819
|1962 |67406
|1968 |74898
|1975 |72165
|1982 |63579
|1990 |59255
|1999 |60958
|2007 |61823
|2012 |60009
|2017 |61652
|2021 |62782
}}

==Economy==
[[File:Troyes rue Emile Zola maisons pans de bois.jpg|right|thumb|Houses in the old town]]
Troyes is home to the production headquarters of [[Lacoste (company)|Lacoste]] company, a popular clothing brand. It is also home of [[chocolatier]] Pascal Caffet.<ref>{{cite web|author=chocolatier |url=http://www.pascal-caffet.com |title=Pascal Caffet, Meilleur Ouvrier de France pâtissier, Champion du monde des métiers du dessert |publisher=Pascal-caffet.com |access-date=2011-09-16}}</ref>

==Education==
The [[University of Technology of Troyes]] and the business school [[Groupe École supérieure de commerce de Troyes]] are located in Troyes.

==Transport==
The train station [[Gare de Troyes]] offers connections to Paris, Dijon, Mulhouse and several regional destinations. Troyes is at the junction of motorways [[A5 autoroute|A5]] (Paris – Troyes – Langres) and [[A26 autoroute|A26]] (Calais – Reims – Troyes). [[Troyes – Barberey Airport]] is a small regional airport.

==Sport==
Troyes is the home of [[association football]] club [[Troyes AC]], or ESTAC. In the 2020–21 Ligue 2 season, Troyes were promoted back to Ligue 1 as champions of the division.

==In popular culture==
* ''Troyes'' (2010) is a [[board game]] named after the city, published by Pearl Games, [[UPlay]].it edizioni, and [[Z-Man Games]].<ref>{{cite web|website=Board Game Geek|title=Troyes (2010)|url=http://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/73439/troyes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|website=Z-Man Games|title=Troyes (2010)|url=http://zmangames.com/product-details.php?id=1206|access-date=23 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709072027/http://zmangames.com/product-details.php?id=1206|archive-date=9 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Notable people==
{{div col}}
* [[Jean-Marie Bigard]], (born 1954), French [[Stand-up comedy|stand-up comedian]], writer and director
* [[Saint Marguerite Bourgeoys]], (1620–1700), a founder of [[Congregation of Notre Dame of Montreal]] and the city of [[Montreal]]
* [[Gilles Buck]] (1935–2010), French sailor who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics
* [[Émile Coué]] (1857–1926), pharmacist, hypnotist and creator of ''La méthode Coué'' ("Every day, in every way, I'm getting better and better")
* [[Hughes de Payens]] (1070–1136), Knight of the [[First Crusade]] and founder of the [[Knights Templar]]
* [[Chrétien de Troyes]], 12th-century [[trouvère]]
* [[Doete de Troyes]], 13th-century poet
* [[François Girardon]] (1628–1715), sculptor
* [[Linard Gonthier]] (1565 – after 1642), stained-glass artisan (verrier)
* [[François-Pierre Goy]] (born 1960), musicologist
* [[Édouard Herriot]] (1872–1957), [[Radical Party (France)|Radical]] politician of the [[French Third Republic|Third Republic]], three-time [[Prime Minister of France]]
* [[André Lefèvre (1717–1768)|André Lefèvre]] (1717–1768), contributor to the ''[[Encyclopédie]]''
* [[Maurice Marinot]] (1882–1960), glass artist and painter
* [[Pierre Mignard]] (1610–1695), painter
* Jacques Pantaléon, (c. 1195–1264), [[Pope Urban IV]]
* [[Patroclus of Troyes]] (3rd century), martyr
* [[Pierre Pithou]] (1539–1596), Calvinist jurisconsult and scholar, co-editor of the ''[[Satire Ménippée]]''
* [[Rashi]] (1040–1105), biblical and [[Talmud]]ic commentator
* [[Rabbeinu Tam]] (1100–1171), rabbi and Rashi's grandson
* [[Maxime Rouyer]], (born 1994), [[Canadian Football League|CFL]] linebacker for the [[Edmonton Eskimos]]
* [[Béatrice Saubin]] (1959–2007), first foreign national to be sentenced to death in Malaysia for drug smuggling
* [[Djibril Sidibé (footballer, born 1992)|Djibril Sidibé]], (born 1992), footballer
* [[Nicolas Siret]] (1663–1754), composer
* [[Abdoul Sissoko]], (born 1990), footballer
* [[Gaëtane Thiney]] (1985), footballer and team captain of [[Paris FC (women)]], current member of [[France women's national football team]], [[Cyprus Cup]] winner: [[2012 Cyprus Cup|2012]], [[2014 Cyprus Cup|2014]], [[2017 SheBelieves Cup]] champion, [[UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship]]: [[2003 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship|2003]], an all-star team member of the [[UEFA Women's Championship|UEFA Women's Championship All-Star Team]]: [[UEFA Women's Euro 2013|2013]], two-time winner [[Trophées UNFP du football#Women Division 1|player of the year]]
* [[Jean Tirole]], (born 1953), Nobel Award in Economics
*[[Aldebrandin of Siena]], (died 1296/1299?), physician
*[[Madame Vaudé-Green]] (1822-1902), nineteenth century French photographer
{{div col end}}

==Twin towns==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in France}}
Troyes is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Nos villes jumelles|url=https://www.ville-troyes.fr/decouvrir-troyes/relations-internationales/nos-villes-jumelles/|website=ville-troyes.fr|publisher=Troyes|language=fr|access-date=2019-11-16}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|NED}} [[Alkmaar]], Netherlands
*{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Chesterfield, Derbyshire|Chesterfield]], England
*{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Tournai]], Belgium
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Darmstadt]], Germany, since 1958
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Zielona Góra]], Poland, since 1970
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Brescia]], Italy, since 2016
{{div col end}}

==See also==
* [[Communes of the Aube department]]
* [[Count of Troyes]]
* [[Knights Templar|Order of the Knights Templar]]
* [[Troy weight#Etymology]]
*[[Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{See also|Timeline of Troyes#Bibliography|l1=Bibliography of the history of Troyes}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Troyes}}
* {{Catholic|wstitle=Troyes}}
* {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.ville-troyes.fr Troyes city council website]

{{Préfectures of départements of France}}
{{Aube communes}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Troyes| ]]
[[Category:Communes of Aube]]
[[Category:Prefectures in France]]
[[Category:Burial sites of the House of Champagne]]
[[Category:Gallia Lugdunensis]]
[[Category:Champagne (province)]]
[[Category:Aube communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia]]