Editing Trondheim

{{Short description|City in Trøndelag, Norway}}
{{about|the city/municipality in Norway}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Trondheim
| native_name        = Tråante
| native_name_lang   = Sma
| settlement_type    = City
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
|photo1a = Trondheim overview 01.jpg
|photo2a = Nidelva from Øya 2022-08-18 04.jpg
|photo2b = Bakklandet Trondheim 2022-08-18 01.jpg
|photo3a = Torvet i Trondheim, 2020 (2).jpg
|photo3b = Gamle bybro, 2019.jpg
|photo4a = Munkholmen from the air.jpg
|size = 275
|position = center
|spacing = Number indicating width of spacing between the images (default: 1)
|color = Color of spacing between the images (default: black)
|border = Number indicating width of border surrounding the montage (default: 1)
|color_border = Color of border surrounding the montage (default: black)
|text =
|text_background = Color of background behind text (default: #F8F8FF)
|foot_montage = 
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| imagesize          = 260px
| image_caption      = {{small|'''From the top:''' Outer city with [[Nidelva]] and sea port, Nidelva seen from Øya, [[Bakklandet]], The city's central square (Torvet), [[Old Town Bridge]], [[Munkholmen]] seen from the air}}
| image_flag         = Flag of Trondheim.svg
| image_shield       = Trondheim komm.svg
| shield_size        = 120px
| image_map          = NO 5001 Trondheim.svg
| map_caption        = Location of the municipality
| pushpin_map        = Trøndelag#Norway
| pushpin_relief     = 
| dot_mapsize        = 
| nickname           = Stiftstaden<br />(English: "The Diocese City")
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = Norway
| subdivision_type1  = [[List of municipalities of Norway|Municipality]]
| subdivision_name1  = Trondheim
| subdivision_type2  = [[Counties of Norway|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Trøndelag]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[Districts of Norway|District]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Trondheim Region]]
| subdivision_type4  = [[Norwegian language|Official language]]
| subdivision_name4  = [[Bokmål]]
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_name        = Kent Ranum ([[Conservative Party (Norway)|H]])
| leader_title1      = Governing mayor
| leader_name1       = Kristian Dahlberg Hauge ([[Conservative Party (Norway)|H]])
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 997
| area_total_km2     = 321.81
| area_urban_km2     = 342.30
| area_metro_km2     = 7295
| area_footnotes     = 
| population_as_of   = 31 December 2022
| population_total   = 212,660<ref name="SSB">{{Cite web |title=Trondheim – 1601 (Sør-Trøndelag) |url=https://www.ssb.no/kommunefakta/trondheim |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205095725/https://www.ssb.no/kommunefakta/trondheim |archive-date=5 February 2022 |access-date=11 February 2022 |website=ssb.no/ |language=no}}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_blank1_title = Municipality/Urban rank
| population_blank1  = [[List of cities in Norway by population|3rd]]/[[List of urban areas in Norway by population|4th]]
| population_urban   = 186,364<ref>{{Cite web |title=Folkemengde og areal i tettsteder 1. januar |url=https://www.ssb.no/befolkning/statistikker/beftett |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623173909/http://ssb.no/befolkning/statistikker/beftett |archive-date=23 June 2017 |access-date=1 January 2019 |website=ssb.no/ |language=no}}</ref>
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| population_blank2_title = Metro rank
| population_blank2  = [[Metropolitan regions of Norway|4th]]
| population_metro   = 279,234
| population_footnotes = 
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = Trondheimer,
                                    Trondhjemmer,
| demographics_type1 = 
| demographics1_title1 = 
| demographics1_info1 = 
| demographics1_title2 = 
| demographics1_info2 = 
| demographics1_title3 = 
| demographics1_info3 = 
| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by metropolitan regions |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/met_10r_3gdp/default/table?lang=en |website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = Metro
| demographics2_info1 = €26.143 billion (2021)
| timezone           = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset         = +01:00
| timezone_DST       = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST     = +02:00
| coordinates        = {{coord|63|25|47|N|10|23|36|E|region:NO|display=inline,title}}
| website            = {{URL|www.trondheim.kommune.no/}}
| name               = 
}}
{{Historical populations
|footnote = Source: [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/02/02/folkendrhist_en/tables/tab/1601.html Statistics Norway]<ref name="ssb1601">{{Cite journal |last=Statistisk sentralbyrå |author-link=Statistics Norway |year=2001 |title=Folke- og boligtellingen 2001, kommune- og bydelshefter 1601 Trondheim |url=http://www.ssb.no/fob/kommunehefte/1601/fob_1601_tabeller.pdf |url-status=live |language=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614034157/http://www.ssb.no/fob/kommunehefte/1601/fob_1601_tabeller.pdf |archive-date=14 June 2012 |access-date=1 July 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tabell 6 Folkemengde per 1. januar, etter fylke og kommune. Registrert 2010. Framskrevet 2011–2030, alternativ MMMM |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/02/03/folkfram/tab-2010-06-15-06.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130222195752/http://www.ssb.no/emner/02/03/folkfram/tab-2010-06-15-06.html |archive-date=22 February 2013 |access-date=19 April 2011 |publisher=Statistics Norway |language=no}}</ref>
|shading = off
|1769|11315
|1951|56582
|1960|59286
|1970|126190
|1980|134726
|1990|137346
|2000|148859
|2010|171540
|2014|183960
|2022|211106}}

'''Trondheim''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|t|r|ɒ|n|(|d|)|h|aɪ|m}} {{respell|TRON(D)|hyme}}, {{IPAc-en|US|ˈ|t|r|ɒ|n|h|eɪ|m}} {{respell|TRON|haym}},<ref>{{cite LPD|3}}</ref><ref>{{cite EPD|18}}</ref> {{IPA|no-NO-03|ˈtrɔ̂nː(h)æɪm|lang}}; {{langx|sma|Tråante}}), historically '''Kaupangen''', '''[[Nidaros]]''', and '''Trondhjem''' ({{IPA|no|ˈtrɔ̂nːjæm|local|audio=Trondheim.ogg|generic=yes|}}), is a city and [[List of municipalities of Norway|municipality]] in [[Trøndelag]] county, [[Norway]]. As of 2022, it had a population of 212,660.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 February 2020 |title=Population, SSB |url=https://www.ssb.no/en/befolkning/statistikker/folkemengde |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501221327/https://www.ssb.no/en/befolkning/statistikker/folkemengde |archive-date=1 May 2020 |access-date=1 March 2020 |website=SSB}}</ref> Trondheim is the third most populous municipality in Norway, and is the [[List of continuously built-up areas in Norway by population|fourth largest]] [[urban area]]. Trondheim lies on the south shore of [[Trondheim Fjord]] at the mouth of the River [[Nidelva]]. Among the significant technology-oriented institutions headquartered in Trondheim are the [[Norwegian University of Science and Technology]] (NTNU), the [[SINTEF|Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research (SINTEF)]], the [[Geological Survey of Norway]] (NGU), and [[St. Olavs University Hospital]].

The settlement was founded in 997 as a trading post and served as the capital of Norway from the [[Viking Age]] until 1217. From 1152 to 1537, the city was the seat of the Catholic [[Archdiocese of Nidaros]]; it then became, and has remained, the seat of the Lutheran [[Diocese of Nidaros]] and the site of the [[Nidaros Cathedral]]. It was incorporated in 1838. The current municipality was formed in 1964, when Trondheim merged with [[Byneset Municipality]], [[Leinstrand Municipality]], [[Strinda Municipality]], and [[Tiller Municipality]], and further expanded on 1 January 2020, when Trondheim merged with [[Klæbu Municipality]].

Trondheim has a mild climate for its northerly latitude, resulting in moderate summers and winters that often remain above the freezing point in seaside areas. At higher elevations, though, the [[microclimate]] is colder and snowier.

The city functions as the seat of the County Mayor of [[Trøndelag]] county but not as its administrative centre (which is [[Steinkjer (town)|Steinkjer]]). This is designed to avoid making the county administration too [[centralized]].

Trondheim is home to [[Association football|football]] club [[Rosenborg BK|Rosenborg]], Norway's most successful football club, and [[Granåsen Ski Centre]], which has hosted the World Championship in [[Nordic Skiing]].

==Names and etymology==
[[File:Flag of Trondheim.svg|thumb|right|The [[flag of Trondheim]] is one of the few Norwegian municipal flags that is not the banner of arms of the municipal [[coat of arms]].]]
{{See also|Names of Trondheim in different languages}}
The city was established in 997 by [[Olav Tryggvason]] and it was originally named {{lang|no|Nidaros}} ({{langx|non|Niðaróss}}). The first element of the name was the local river [[Nidelva|Nid]]. The last element of the name was {{wikt-lang|non|óss}} which meant "the mouth of a river". Thus the name meant "the outlet of the river [[Nidelva|Nid]]". Although the formal name was Nidaros, the city was commonly known as {{wikt-lang|non|kaupangr}}, which means "city" or "marketplace", or more specifically {{lang|non|kaupangr í Þróndheimi}} which means "the city in Trondheim". Trondheim ({{langx|non|Þróndheimr}}) was the historic name for the whole district which is now known as [[Trøndelag]]. This is the area where the people were known as Trønder ({{wikt-lang|non|þróndr}}). This district name Trondheim meant "the home of the Trønder people" (literally "Trønder-home") and Trøndelag ({{langx|non|Þrǿndalǫg}}) originally meant the "law area of the Trønder people" (literally "Trønder-law"). The name of the Trønder people derives from the [[Old Norse]] word {{wikt-lang|non|þróndr}} which is an old present participle of the verb {{wikt-lang|non|þróask}} which means "to grow" or "to thrive".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Þróask |url=https://cleasby-vigfusson-dictionary.vercel.app/word/throask |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=Cleasby & Vigfusson Dictionary}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Peterson |first=Lena |title=Nordiskt runnamnslexikon. Femte, reviderade utgåvan |year=2007 |page=237 |language=no}}</ref>

During the late [[Middle Ages]], the city name was commonly shortened to ''{{lang|non|Þróndheimr}}'', dropping the ''kaupanger'' part, and over time the name became {{lang|da|Trondhjem}}, using the [[Dano-Norwegian]] spelling rather than the [[Old Norse]] spelling since the city was part of the Kingdom of [[Denmark-Norway]] for centuries.

On 21 December 1917, a [[royal decree|royal resolution]] enacted the [[Norwegian language conflict|1917 Norwegian language reforms]]. Around the time, many municipalities and cities had their names changed to "Norwegianize" the spelling and make them look less [[Danish language|Danish]]. On 1 January 1919, the name of the local [[Church of Norway]] diocese was changed from ''{{lang|no|Trondhjem stift}}'' to ''{{lang|no|Nidaros bispedømme}}'' ({{langx|en|[[Diocese of Nidaros]]}}).<ref>{{Cite journal |year=1918 |title=Norsk Lovtidende. 2den Afdeling. 1918. Samling af Love, Resolutioner m.m |url=https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digitidsskrift_2015110481022_001 |journal=[[Norsk Lovtidend]] |language=no |location=Oslo, Norway |publisher=Grøndahl og Søns Boktrykkeri |page=578}}</ref> In 1924, the name of the Norwegian capital city was changed from {{lang|da|Kristiania}} to [[Oslo]], removing the name referencing a Danish King in favor of the very old name Oslo. In 1928, a [[referendum]] in Trondhjem was held on whether to keep the current name or to bring back the original name of ''Nidaros''. The vote resulted in 17,163 votes in favour of {{lang|da|Trondhjem}} and only 1,508 votes in favour of Nidaros.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bratberg |first=Terje T. V. |date=10 January 2008 |title=Striden om bynavnet |work=[[Arbeideravisa]] |location=Trondheim |page=27 |language=no}}</ref> Despite this result, the [[Storting]] voted in 1929 to make some changes. The [[Nidaros Cathedral|Trondhjem Cathedral]] would be changed to [[Nidaros Cathedral]] effective on 1 July 1929<ref>{{Cite journal |year=1929 |title=Norsk Lovtidende. 2den Afdeling. 1929. Samling af Love, Resolutioner m.m |url=https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digitidsskrift_2015110481051_001 |journal=[[Norsk Lovtidend]] |language=no |location=Oslo, Norway |publisher=Grøndahl og Søns Boktrykkeri |page=64}}</ref> and the name of the city would change to ''Nidaros'' starting on 1 January 1930.<ref>{{Cite journal |year=1929 |title=Norsk Lovtidende. 2den Afdeling. 1929. Samling af Love, Resolutioner m.m |url=https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digitidsskrift_2015110481051_001 |journal=[[Norsk Lovtidend]] |language=no |location=Oslo, Norway |publisher=Grøndahl og Søns Boktrykkeri |page=181}}</ref> This change caused public outrage and even [[riot]]s during 1930. This forced the [[Storting]] to reconsider this change. On 6 March 1931, the name was formally changed to ''Trondheim'', using the medieval Norwegian spelling instead of the Danish version ''Trondhjem''. The name of the diocese and cathedral, however, continued using the name Nidaros.<ref>{{Cite journal |year=1931 |title=Norsk Lovtidende. 2den Afdeling. 1931. Samling af Love, Resolutioner m.m |url=https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digitidsskrift_2015110481042_001 |journal=[[Norsk Lovtidend]] |language=no |location=Oslo, Norway |publisher=Grøndahl og Søns Boktrykkeri |page=54}}</ref>

Trondheim was briefly named ''{{lang|de|Drontheim}}'' during the [[Second World War]] as a [[German exonyms|German exonym]].

== History ==
[[File:Lykkens Portal, Gamble Bybro, Trondheim, West view 20150605 1.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Old Town Bridge]] of Trondheim]]
{{For|the ecclesiastical history|Archiepiscopate of Nidaros}}

Trondheim was named Kaupangen ({{langx|en|market place or trading place}}) by [[Viking]] [[King of Norway|King]] [[Olav Tryggvason]] in 997 CE.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sjåvik |first=Jan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_yIjfXhQY_QC&pg=PA203 |title=The A to Z of Norway (The A to Z Guide Series Book 234) |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield|Scarecrow Press]] |year=2010 |isbn=9780810872134 |page=203 |access-date=2019-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528153921/https://books.google.com/books?id=_yIjfXhQY_QC&pg=PA203 |archive-date=28 May 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Shortly after that, it came to be called ''[[Nidaros]]''. Initially, it was frequently used as a military retainer ([[Old Norse]]: "hird"-man) of King Olav I. It was also frequently used as the king's seat and was Norway's capital until 1217.

People have lived in the region for thousands of years, as evidenced by the [[Rock carvings in Central Norway|rock carvings in central Norway]], the [[Nøstvet and Lihult cultures]], and the [[Corded Ware culture]]. In ancient times, the [[List of Norwegian monarchs|kings of Norway]] were hailed in Trondheim at [[Øretinget]], the place for the assembly of all free men by the mouth of the River [[Nidelva]]. [[Harald Fairhair]] (865–933) was hailed as the king here, as was his son, [[Haakon I of Norway|Haakon I]], called 'the Good.' The battle of ''[[Kalvskinnet]]'' took place in Trondheim in 1179: King [[Sverre Sigurdsson]] and his ''[[Birkebeiner]]'' warriors were victorious against [[Erling Skakke]] (a rival to the throne). Some scholars believe that the famous [[Lewis chessmen]], 12th-century chess pieces carved from walrus ivory that were found in the [[Hebrides]] and are now at the [[British Museum]], may have been made in Trondheim.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Moore |first=Susan |date=2019-06-20 |title=The enduring enigma of the 'lost' Lewis chessmen |url=https://www.ft.com/content/2266d662-8ebf-11e9-b8cb-26a9caa9d67b |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920062609/https://www.ft.com/content/2266d662-8ebf-11e9-b8cb-26a9caa9d67b |archive-date=20 September 2019 |access-date=2019-07-16 |work=Financial Times}}</ref>

From 1152, Trondheim was the seat of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Nidaros|Archbishop of Nidaros]] for Norway, which operated from the [[Archbishop's Palace, Trondheim|Archbishop's Palace]]. Due to the introduction of [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] Protestantism in 1537, the last archbishop, [[Olav Engelbrektsson]], had to flee from the city to the [[Seventeen Provinces|Netherlands]]; he died in what today is [[Lier, Belgium]].

From the 16th through the 19th centuries, the city was repeatedly ravaged by fires that caused widespread damage since many of its buildings were made of wood. The worst occurred in 1598, 1651, 1681, 1708, 1717 (twice), 1742, 1788, 1841 and 1842. The 1651 fire destroyed 90% of all buildings within the city limits. After the "[[1681 Trondheim fire|Horneman Fire]]" in 1681, there was an almost total reconstruction of the city, overseen by General [[Johan Caspar von Cicignon]], originally from [[Luxembourg]]. Broad avenues, such as Munkegata, were created, without regard for private property rights, to limit the damage from future fires. At the time, the city had a population of under 10,000 inhabitants, with most living in the downtown area.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nikel |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YyZoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT376 |title=Moon Norway (Travel Guide) |publisher=Moon Publications |year=2017 |isbn=978-1631214813 |page=376 |access-date=2019-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528153913/https://books.google.com/books?id=YyZoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT376 |archive-date=28 May 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}

After the [[Treaty of Roskilde]] on 26 February 1658, Trondheim and the rest of [[Trøndelag]] became Swedish territory briefly. [[Siege of Trondheim|However, after a three-month long siege]], the area was reconquered 10 months later.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Larsen |first=Karen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vhfWCgAAQBAJ&dq=J%C3%B8rgen+Bjelke+trondheim&pg=PA288 |title=A History of Norway |date=2015-12-08 |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-1-4008-7579-5 |page=288 |language=en}}</ref> The conflict was finally settled by the [[Treaty of Copenhagen (1660)|Treaty of Copenhagen]] on 27 May 1660.
[[File:Trondheim map 1898.jpg|thumb|right|City Map of Trondheim in 1898, Norwegian edition]]
[[File:Plan of Trondheim, 1942.jpg|thumb|Plan of Trondheim, 1942]]
During the [[Second World War]], Trondheim was occupied by [[Nazi Germany]] from 9 April 1940, the first day of the [[Operation Weserübung|invasion of Norway]], until the end of the war in Europe, [[VE Day|8 May 1945]]. The German invasion force consisted of the [[German cruiser Admiral Hipper]], 4 destroyers and 1700 Austrian Mountain troops. Except for a coastal battery that opened fire, there was no resistance to the invasion, which began on 9 April at 5 AM. On 14 and 17 April, British and French forces landed near Trondheim in a failed attempt to liberate Trondheim, as part of the [[Namsos Campaign]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XZf7AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA75 |title=Naval Operations of the Campaign in Norway, April–June 1940 (Naval Staff Histories) |publisher=Routledge |year=2000 |isbn=0714651192 |page=75 |access-date=2019-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528153922/https://books.google.com/books?id=XZf7AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA75 |archive-date=28 May 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} During the occupation, Trondheim was the home of the notorious Norwegian Gestapo agent, [[Henry Rinnan]], who operated from a nearby villa and infiltrated Norwegian resistance groups. The city and its citizens were subjected to harsh treatment by the occupying power, including the imposition of [[Martial law in Trondheim in 1942|martial law]] in October 1942. During this time, the Germans turned the city and its environs into a major base for submarines (which included building the large submarine base and bunker [[Dora I|DORA I]]), and contemplated a scheme to build a new city for 300,000 inhabitants, ''[[Nordstern (city)|Nordstern]]'' ("Northern Star"), centred {{convert|15|km|0|abbr=off}} southwest of Trondheim, near the wetlands of [[Øysand]] on the outskirts of [[Melhus Municipality|Melhus]] municipality. This new metropolis was to be accompanied by a massively expanded version of the already existing naval base, which was intended to become the future primary stronghold of the German [[Kriegsmarine]]. A start was made on this enormous construction project, but it was far from completed when the war ended, and today, there are few physical remains of it.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hitlers drøm om Trondheim |url=http://www.adressa.no/nyheter/trondheim/article712500.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013173048/http://www.adressa.no/nyheter/trondheim/article712500.ece |archive-date=13 October 2007 |access-date=13 March 2023|language=nb}}</ref>

===Municipal history===
The city of Trondheim was established on 1 January 1838 (see [[formannskapsdistrikt]] law). On 1 January 1864, part of [[Strinda Municipality]] (population: 1,229) was amalgamated with Trondheim. Then, on 1 January 1893, another part of Strinda Municipality (population: 4,097) was transferred to Trondheim Municipality. On 1 January 1952, the [[Lade, Trondheim|Lade]] area of Strinda Municipality (population: 2,230) was transferred to Trondheim Municipality. On 1 January 1964, a major municipal merger took place: [[Leinstrand Municipality]] (population: 4,193), [[Byneset Municipality]] (population: 2,049), Strinda Municipality (population: 44,600), and [[Tiller Municipality]] (population: 3,595) were all merged with the city of Trondheim (population: 56,982), which nearly doubled the population of the municipality.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jukvam |first=Dag |year=1999 |title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003043344/http://www.ssb.no/a/publikasjoner/pdf/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf |archive-date=3 October 2013 |access-date=20 April 2011 |publisher=[[Statistics Norway|Statistisk sentralbyrå]] |language=no}}</ref> On 1 January 2020, the neighboring [[Klæbu Municipality]] (population: 6,050) was merged with Trondheim Municipality.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trondheim Kommune |date=17 June 2016 |title=Ja til sammenslåing av Klæbu og Trondheim |url=https://www.trondheim.kommune.no/content/1117754484/Ja-til-sammenslaing-av-Klabu-og-Trondheim |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008232209/https://www.trondheim.kommune.no/content/1117754484/Ja-til-sammenslaing-av-Klabu-og-Trondheim |archive-date=8 October 2017 |access-date=8 January 2018 |language=no}}</ref>

===Coat of arms and seal===
{{See also|Flag of Trondheim}}
The [[coat of arms]] dates back to the 13th century. To the left, there is an [[archbishop]] with his staff and [[mitre]] in a church archway. On the right, a crowned king holding scales in a castle archway. These two pictures rest on a base which forms an arch. Underneath that arch, are three male heads which symbolise the city's rank as Norway's first capital and the archbishop's place of residence. The scales symbolise justice and the [[motif (visual arts)|motif]] is based on the political philosophy of the 13th century, where the balance of power between king and church was an important issue. The three heads at the bottom may symbolise the city council. The motif is unique in Norwegian municipal heraldry, but similar motifs are found in bishopric cities on the continent. The design of the coat-of-arms that was adopted in 1897, and is still used today, was made by Håkon Thorsen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trondheim's coat of arms and seal |url=http://www.trondheim.no/content.ap?thisId=519505 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208055210/http://www.trondheim.no/content.ap?thisId=519505 |archive-date=8 December 2008 |access-date=29 October 2008 |publisher=Trondheim kommune}}</ref>

== Geography ==
[[File:Nidelva-Trondheim-foliage.JPG|thumb|right|Autumn [[foliage]] along Nidelva; October 2009]]
Trondheim is situated where the River Nidelva meets [[Trondheim Fjord]] with an excellent harbour and sheltered condition. In the Middle Ages the river was deep enough to be navigable by most boats. However, in the mid–17th century, an avalanche of mud and stones made it less navigable, and partly ruined the harbour. The municipality's highest elevation is the [[Storheia]] hill, {{convert|565|m}} [[Above mean sea level|above sea level]]. At the summer [[solstice]], the sun rises at 03:00 and sets at 23:40, and then stays just below the horizon. Between 23 May and 19 July, when the sky is cloud-free, it remains light enough at night that no artificial lighting is needed outdoors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trondheim, Norway – Sunrise, sunset, dawn and dusk times for the whole year – Gaisma |url=http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/trondheim.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226205408/https://www.gaisma.com/en/location/trondheim.html |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=1 July 2013 |publisher=Gaisma.com}}</ref> At the winter solstice, the sun rises at 10:01, stays very low above the horizon (at midday its altitude is slightly more than 3 degrees over the horizon), and sets at 14:31.

=== Climate ===
Trondheim city has an [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Cfb]]) or [[humid continental climate]] (Dfb), depending on the winter threshold used (−3&nbsp;°C or 0&nbsp;°C). The part of the municipality further away from the fjord has slightly colder winters, while the part close to the fjord has the mildest winters. Trondheim is mostly sheltered from the strong south and southwesterly winds which can occur along the outer seaboard but is more exposed to northwesterly winds. As with the rest of Norway, the weather is dependent on the weather pattern. High pressure over Central Norway or to the east gives sunny weather which can last for weeks. Conversely, Atlantic Lows can also dominate for weeks, and both patterns can happen all year. In 2020 May saw northwesterlies with cold air from northwest lasting weeks and even bringing snowfall, while June 2020 recorded 345 sun hours and new record high {{convert|34.3|°C|0|abbr=on}}, Norway's warmest high in 2020. The sunniest month on record is May 2024 with 366 sunhours. 
Trondheim experiences moderate snowfall from November to March,<ref>{{Cite web |title=See Norway's snow, weather, water and climate anytime anywhere |url=http://senorge.no/mapPage.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080109024138/http://www.senorge.no/mapPage.aspx |archive-date=9 January 2008 |access-date=29 December 2007}}</ref> but mixed with mild weather and rainfall. There are on average 14 days each winter with at least {{convert|25|cm|0|abbr=on}} of snow cover on the ground and 22 days with a daily minimum temperature of {{convert|-10|°C|0|abbr=on}} or less (1971–2000, airport). There is often more snow and later snowmelt in suburban areas at a higher elevation, with good skiing conditions in [[Bymarka]]. All the monthly record lows are from 1955 or older, with half of them from before 1920. The last overnight frost in June was in 1958. The all-time low {{convert|-26|°C|1|abbr=on}} was recorded February 1899. The all-time high {{convert|35|°C}} was recorded 22 July 1901. The warmest month on record is July 2014 with mean {{convert|19.5|°C|1|abbr=on}} and average daily high {{convert|24.9|°C|1|abbr=on}} (airport). The coldest month on record is February 1966 with mean {{convert|-9.9|°C|1|abbr=on}} and average daily low {{convert|-14.2|°C|1|abbr=on}} (airport). The average date for the last overnight freeze (low below {{convert|0|°C|1|abbr=on}}) in spring is 1 May <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2012 |title=Siste frostnatt om våren |url=https://www.yr.no/artikkel/siste-frostnatt-om-varen-1.8119060 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306095039/https://www.yr.no/artikkel/siste-frostnatt-om-varen-1.8119060 |archive-date=6 March 2023 |access-date=13 March 2023 |website=NRK|language=nb}}</ref> and average date for first freeze in autumn is 9 October<ref>{{Cite web |last=Husebø |first=Trond-Ole |date=25 September 2013 |title=Første frostnatt |url=https://www.yr.no/artikkel/forste-frostnatt-1.11261900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807222743/https://www.yr.no/artikkel/forste-frostnatt-1.11261900 |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=13 March 2023 |website=NRK|language=nb}}</ref> giving a frost-free season of 160 days (Trondheim Airport Værnes 1981-2010 average). 
The earliest weather stations were located closer to the city centre, from 1945 onwards the weather station has been located at a higher elevation (Voll, 127 m and Tyholt, 113 m), therefore being slightly colder.
A new sunrecorder was established in the city by met.no at [[Gløshaugen]] (NTNU campus) December 2015, recording more sunhours than the earlier sunrecorder, which had terrain blocking issues.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2017 |title=Over 1600 soltimer i Bergen |url=http://www.arstadposten.no/2017/02/10/1600-soltimer-bergen-fjor-trass-elendig-vaer-skoleferien/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209165248/http://www.arstadposten.no/2017/02/10/1600-soltimer-bergen-fjor-trass-elendig-vaer-skoleferien/ |archive-date=9 December 2018 |access-date=25 June 2017 |publisher=årstadposten |language=nb}}</ref> There are on average 229 sunhours in July (based 2016–2020).<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 June 2021 |orig-date=13 June 2021 |title=Slik er været i fellesferien – statistisk sett |url=https://www.met.no/nyhetsarkiv/slik-er-vaeret-i-fellesferien-statistisk-sett |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223160815/https://www.met.no/nyhetsarkiv/slik-er-vaeret-i-fellesferien-statistisk-sett |archive-date=23 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-27 |publisher=Met.no|language=nb}}</ref> Trondheim recorded 197 sunhours in October 2016 beating the previous national record for October. In April 2019, Trondheim recorded 308 sunhours, setting a new national record for April.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-29 |title=Været i april: Uvanlig varmt og tørt – VG |url=https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/VbxRX1/vaeret-i-april-uvanlig-varmt-og-toert |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223161231/https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/VbxRX1/vaeret-i-april-uvanlig-varmt-og-toert |archive-date=23 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-27 |newspaper=[[Verdens Gang]]|language=nb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-29 |title=Tidenes solfest i Trøndelag i april |url=https://www.adressa.no/pluss/nyheter/2019/04/29/Tidenes-solfest-i-Tr%C3%B8ndelag-i-april-18926093.ece?rs6685151645632649987&t=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223161234/https://www.adressa.no/pluss/nyheter/2019/04/29/Tidenes-solfest-i-Tr%C3%B8ndelag-i-april-18926093.ece?rs6685151645632649987&t=1 |archive-date=23 February 2022 |access-date=2022-02-27 |publisher=adressa.no|language=nb}}</ref> In contrast, December 2016 only recorded 10 sunhours.

{{Weather box
|location = [[Trondheim Airport Værnes]] 1991–2020 (12 m, extremes 1946–2024, sunhrs 2016–2024) 
|collapsed=
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 13.7 | Jan record low C = -25.6
|Feb record high C = 13.8 | Feb record low C = -25.5
|Mar record high C = 15.7 | Mar record low C = -23.0
|Apr record high C = 23.3 | Apr record low C = -13.9
|May record high C = 30 | May record low C = -4.7
|Jun record high C = 34.3 | Jun record low C = -0.2
|Jul record high C = 33.5 | Jul record low C = 2.3
|Aug record high C = 31.3 | Aug record low C = -0.3
|Sep record high C = 27.9 | Sep record low C = -4.9
|Oct record high C = 22.1 | Oct record low C = -10.8
|Nov record high C = 16.1 | Nov record low C = -19.0
|Dec record high C = 13.1 | Dec record low C = -23.5
|Jan high C = 1.9
|Feb high C = 2.0
|Mar high C = 4.6
|Apr high C = 9.3
|May high C = 13.8
|Jun high C = 17.1
|Jul high C = 19.8
|Aug high C = 19.1
|Sep high C = 15.0
|Oct high C = 9.3
|Nov high C = 4.7
|Dec high C = 2.3
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = -1
|Feb mean C = -1.1
|Mar mean C = 1
|Apr mean C = 5.1
|May mean C = 9.2
|Jun mean C = 12.6
|Jul mean C = 15.2
|Aug mean C = 14.6
|Sep mean C = 11
|Oct mean C = 5.8
|Nov mean C = 1.7
|Dec mean C = -0.7
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = -4.1
|Feb low C = -4.1
|Mar low C = -2.2
|Apr low C = 1.4
|May low C = 5.3
|Jun low C = 8.9
|Jul low C = 11.4
|Aug low C = 11.0
|Sep low C = 7.8
|Oct low C = 2.9
|Nov low C = -1.1
|Dec low C = -3.9
|year low C = 
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 64.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 63.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 61.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 42.1
|May precipitation mm = 52.7
|Jun precipitation mm = 76.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 74.4
|Aug precipitation mm = 82.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 88.9
|Oct precipitation mm = 77
|Nov precipitation mm = 64.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 75
|year precipitation mm = 
|unit precipitation days = 1.0&nbsp;mm
|Jan precipitation days= 13
|Feb precipitation days= 13
|Mar precipitation days= 13
|Apr precipitation days= 10
|May precipitation days= 11
|Jun precipitation days= 13
|Jul precipitation days= 12
|Aug precipitation days= 13
|Sep precipitation days= 13
|Oct precipitation days= 13
|Nov precipitation days= 11
|Dec precipitation days= 14
|snow colour = green
|Jan sun = 35.2
|Feb sun = 70.9
|Mar sun = 133.3
|Apr sun = 206.0
|May sun = 249.7
|Jun sun = 234.4
|Jul sun = 213.5
|Aug sun = 168.1
|Sep sun = 132.7
|Oct sun = 97.6
|Nov sun = 49.1
|Dec sun = 22.1
|year sun = 
|source = Seklima <ref>seklima.met.no</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=February 2024}}
|source 2= NOAA-WMO averages 91-2020 Norway <ref>{{Cite web |title=NOAA WMO normals Norway 1991-2020 |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Norway/CSV/?C=D;O=A |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802215026/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Norway/CSV/?C=D;O=A |archive-date=2 August 2023 |access-date=27 August 2023}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box
|location = Trondheim 1981–2010 (Voll, 127 m, extremes 1870–present includes earlier stations, sunhrs 2016–2024 Gløshaugen/met.no)
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|collapsed=yes
|Jan record high C = 13.5 | Jan record low C = -25.0
|Feb record high C = 12.6 | Feb record low C = -26.0
|Mar record high C = 14.6 | Mar record low C = -22.7
|Apr record high C = 22.0 | Apr record low C = -15.3
|May record high C = 28.9 | May record low C = -9.6
|Jun record high C = 31.2 | Jun record low C = -0.8
|Jul record high C = 35.0 | Jul record low C = 0.6
|Aug record high C = 30.4 | Aug record low C = 1.0
|Sep record high C = 26.0 | Sep record low C = -3.5
|Oct record high C = 21.8 | Oct record low C = -12.6
|Nov record high C = 15.4 | Nov record low C = -18.7
|Dec record high C = 13.2 | Dec record low C = -24.0
|Jan high C = 1.2
|Feb high C = 1.8
|Mar high C = 4.2
|Apr high C = 8.8
|May high C = 13.7
|Jun high C = 16.3
|Jul high C = 19.0
|Aug high C = 18.0
|Sep high C = 14.6
|Oct high C = 8.9
|Nov high C = 4.7
|Dec high C = 2.1
|year high C =
|Jan mean C = -1.3
|Feb mean C = -1.1
|Mar mean C = 0.7
|Apr mean C = 4.8
|May mean C = 9.1
|Jun mean C = 12.1
|Jul mean C = 15.0
|Aug mean C = 14.2
|Sep mean C = 10.6
|Oct mean C = 5.9
|Nov mean C = 2.0
|Dec mean C = -0.8
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = -4.0
|Feb low C = -3.7
|Mar low C = -2.2
|Apr low C = 1.5
|May low C = 5.3
|Jun low C = 8.5
|Jul low C = 11.4
|Aug low C = 10.8
|Sep low C = 7.9
|Oct low C = 3.0
|Nov low C = -0.5
|Dec low C = -3.3
|year low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 72.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 67.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 72.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 51.5
|May precipitation mm = 43.4
|Jun precipitation mm = 70.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 75.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 79.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 84.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 78.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 66.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 78.1
|year precipitation mm =
|unit precipitation days = 1.0&nbsp;mm
|Jan precipitation days= 13
|Feb precipitation days= 12
|Mar precipitation days= 13
|Apr precipitation days= 12
|May precipitation days= 10
|Jun precipitation days= 13
|Jul precipitation days= 11
|Aug precipitation days= 12
|Sep precipitation days= 12
|Oct precipitation days= 14
|Nov precipitation days= 12
|Dec precipitation days= 13
|Jan sun = 35.2
|Feb sun = 70.9
|Mar sun = 133.3
|Apr sun = 206.0
|May sun = 249.7
|Jun sun = 234.4
|Jul sun = 213.5
|Aug sun = 168.1
|Sep sun = 132.7
|Oct sun = 97.6
|Nov sun = 49.1
|Dec sun = 22.1
|year sun = 
<!--Mandatory fields, source-->
|source 1 = eklima.met.no<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2015 |title=eKlima – Climate statistics for Norway from Meteorologisk Institutt (Norwegian Meteorological Institute) |url=http://sharki.oslo.dnmi.no/portal/page?_pageid=73,39035,73_39049&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130111955/http://sharki.oslo.dnmi.no/portal/page?_pageid=73,39035,73_39049&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |archive-date=30 November 2016 |access-date=13 March 2017}}</ref>
|source 2 = Meteo-climat<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2017 |title=Moyennes |url=http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/listenormale-1981-2010-2-p159.php%7C |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528153958/https://platform.twitter.com/widgets/widget_iframe.06c6ee58c3810956b7509218508c7b56.html?origin=http%3A%2F%2Fmeteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org |archive-date=28 May 2021 |access-date=13 March 2017}}</ref>
}}

===Fauna===
The city has various wetland [[habitat]]s. among which there is the ''Gaulosen.'' The observation tower accommodates for birdwatching and providing information about birdlife.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-03-02 |title=Trondheim |url=http://www.trondheim.esn.no/content/trondheim |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625194610/http://www.trondheim.esn.no/content/trondheim |archive-date=25 June 2017 |access-date=2017-07-14 |work=ESN Trondheim}}</ref>

Though Trondheim is Norway's third largest city, wild animals are regularly seen. [[European otter|Otter]]s and [[European beaver|beaver]]s thrive in Nidelva and Bymarka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2004 |title=Bymarkbeveren skal holdes i sjakk |url=http://www.adressa.no/nyheter/trondheim/article347991.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927012527/http://www.adressa.no/nyheter/trondheim/article347991.ece |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 August 2007 |language=nb}}</ref> [[Eurasian badger|Badger]]s and [[red fox]]es are not uncommon sights. [[Moose]] and [[deer]] are common in the hills surrounding the city, and might wander into the city, especially in May when the one-year-olds are chased away by their mothers, or in late winter when food grows scarce in the snow-covered higher regions. From 2002 until 2017, a [[wolverine]] lived in Bymarka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 May 2008 |title=Jerven som flyktet til byen |url=http://www.adressa.no/nyheter/dokument/article1077747.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201180626/http://www.adressa.no/nyheter/dokument/article1077747.ece |archive-date=1 February 2009 |access-date=9 May 2008 |language=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Norges eldste jerv (18) er død |date=30 August 2017 |url=http://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/dyrene/norges-eldste-jerv-18-er-doed/a/24129695/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901200255/http://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/dyrene/norges-eldste-jerv-18-er-doed/a/24129695/ |archive-date=1 September 2017 |access-date=1 September 2017 |language=nb}}</ref>

== Cityscape and sites ==
Most of Trondheim's city centre is scattered with small speciality shops. However, the city centre's main shopping area is concentrated around the pedestrianised streets ''Nordre gate'' ({{langx|en|Northern street}}), ''Olav Tryggvasons gate'' and ''Thomas Angells gate'' even though the rest of the city centre is provided with everything from old, well-established companies to new, hip and trendy shops.
[[File:TrondheimFromRoofOfNidarosdomen-improved.jpg|thumb|right|Central Trondheim as seen from the tower of the Nidaros Cathedral looking towards [[Trondheim Fjord]] and [[Munkholmen]] Island]]
[[File:Torvet i Trondheim, 2020.jpg|thumb|left|The city's central square (Torvet) in 2020]]
[[File:Bakklandet in Trondheim 4.jpg|thumb|right|The pavement cafes at Bakklandet]]
[[File:Trondheim-Drone-20160722-009.jpg|thumb|left|Bakke Bridge]]
In the mid-to-late 1990s, the area surrounding the old [[drydock]] and ship construction buildings of the defunct [[Trondhjems mekaniske Værksted]] shipbuilding company at the [[Nedre Elvehavn]] was renovated and old industrial buildings were torn down to make way for condominiums. A shopping centre was also built, known as Solsiden (The Sunny Side). This is a popular residential and shopping area, especially for young people.

Larger multi-mall shopping areas are located in the eastern suburb of Lade along the ''Haakon VIIs gate'' and ''Bromstadvegen'' streets, and in the southern suburb of Tiller. Swedish store chains are widely present throughout the areas, especially in the DIY and clothing store fields, including [[IKEA]], [[Biltema]], and [[Clas Ohlson]].

[[DORA 1]] is a [[U-boat|German submarine]] base that housed the [[13th U-boat Flotilla]] during the Second World War occupation of Norway. Today the bunker houses various archives, among them the city archives, the university and state archives. More recently, DORA has been used as a concert venue.

[[Kristiansten Fortress]], built 1681–1684, is located on a hill east of Trondheim. It repelled the invading [[Sweden|Swedes]] in 1718, but was decommissioned in 1816 by Crown Prince Regent [[Charles XIV John of Sweden|Charles John]].

A [[Olav Tryggvason (statue)|statue of Olav Tryggvason]], the founder of Trondheim, is located in the city's central square, mounted on top of an obelisk. The statue base is also a [[sun dial]], but it is calibrated to UTC+1 so that the reading is inaccurate by one hour in the summer.

The islet Munkholmen is a popular tourist attraction and recreation site. The islet has served as a place of execution, a [[monastery]], a [[fortress]], [[prison]], and a Second World War [[anti-aircraft]] gun station.

[[Stiftsgården]] is the royal residence in Trondheim, originally constructed in 1774 by [[Cecilie Christine Schøller]]. At 140 rooms constituting {{convert|4000|m2|0}}, it is possibly the largest wooden building in [[Northern Europe]] and has been used by royals and their guests since 1800.

A statue of [[Leif Ericson]] is located at the seaside, close to the old Customs Building, the cruise ship facilities and the new swimming hall. The statue is a replica, the original being located at a Seattle [[marina]].

[[File:Edificios a lo largo del río Nidelva, Trondheim, Noruega, 2019-09-06, DD 46-50 PAN.jpg|thumb|center|750px|The [[Nidelva]] flows through Trondheim with old storehouses flanking both sides of this river. The [[Old Town Bridge]] can be seen on the right side of this panorama.]]
=== Nidaros Cathedral ===
The [[Nidaros Cathedral]] and the Archbishop's Palace are located side by side in the middle of the city centre. The cathedral, built from 1070 on, is the most important [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] monument in Norway and was Northern Europe's most important Christian [[pilgrimage]] site during the Middle Ages,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pilgrim ways in Norway, background |url=http://www.trondheim.com/content.ap?thisId=5510350 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823122445/http://www.trondheim.com/content.ap?thisId=5510350 |archive-date=23 August 2007 |access-date=4 August 2007 |publisher=Trondheim kommune}}</ref> with pilgrimage routes leading to it from [[Oslo]] in southern Norway and from the [[Jämtland]] and [[Värmland]] regions of Sweden. Today, it is the northernmost medieval cathedral in the world, and the second-largest in [[Scandinavia]].
[[File:Nidaros cathedral front.jpg|thumb|West front of [[Nidaros Cathedral]]]]
During the Middle Ages, and again after independence was restored in 1814, the Nidaros Cathedral was the [[coronation]] church of the Norwegian kings. [[Haakon VII of Norway|King Haakon VII]] was the last monarch to be crowned there, in 1906. Starting with [[Olav V of Norway|King Olav V]] in 1957, coronation was replaced by [[consecration]]. In 1991, the present [[Harald V of Norway|King Harald V]] and [[Queen Sonja of Norway|Queen Sonja]] were consecrated in the cathedral.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The consecration of King Harald and Queen Sonja |url=http://www.kongehuset.no/c27283/artikkel/vis.html?tid=28740 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192757/http://www.kongehuset.no/c27283/artikkel/vis.html?tid=28740 |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 August 2007 |publisher=The Norwegian Royal Family}}</ref> On 24 May 2002, their daughter [[Princess Märtha Louise of Norway|Princess Märtha Louise]] married the writer [[Ari Behn]] in the cathedral.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The wedding of Princess Märtha Louise |url=http://www.kongehuset.no/c28617/artikkel/vis.html?tid=28747 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930043348/http://www.kongehuset.no/c28617/artikkel/vis.html?tid=28747 |archive-date=30 September 2007 |access-date=3 August 2007 |publisher=The Norwegian Royal Family}}</ref>

The [[Pilgrim's Route]] (''Pilegrimsleden'') to the site of Saint Olufs's tomb at [[Nidaros]] Cathedral, has recently been re-instated. Also known as St. Olav's Way, (''Sankt Olavs vei''), the main route, which is approximately {{convert|640|km}} long, starts in [[Oslo]] and heads North, along Lake [[Mjøsa]], up the valley [[Gudbrandsdalen]], over the mountain range [[Dovrefjell]] and down the [[Oppdal Municipality|Oppdal]] valley to end at [[Nidaros Cathedral]] in Trondheim. There is a Pilgrim's Office in Oslo which gives advice to pilgrims and a Pilgrim Centre in Trondheim, under the [[aegis]] of the cathedral, which awards certificates to successful [[pilgrims]] upon the completion of their journey.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pilegrimsleden (Miljøstatus i Norge) |url=http://www.miljostatus.no/Tema/Kulturminner/Kulturmiljoer/Pilegrimsleden/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090317032509/http://www.miljostatus.no/Tema/Kulturminner/Kulturmiljoer/Pilegrimsleden/ |archive-date=17 March 2009 |language=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Raju |first=Alison |title=The Pilgrim Road to Nidaros: St Olav's Way – Oslo to Trondheim |publisher=Cicerone Press Limited |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-85284-314-4}}</ref>

=== Other churches ===
The Lutheran [[Church of Norway]] has 21 churches within the municipality of Trondheim. They are all a part of the [[Diocese of Nidaros]], which is based in Trondheim at the [[Nidaros Cathedral]]. Many of the churches are several hundred years old, with a couple which were built almost 1,000 years ago.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+ style="font-size:medium"|'''''Lutheran Churches in Trondheim'''''
!Deanery<br />(''Prosti'')!!Parish<br />(''Sokn'')!!Church name!!Year built!!Location
|-
|rowspan="5"|Nidaros||rowspan="2"|Nidaros Domkirke og Vår Frue||[[Nidaros Cathedral]]||1070–1300||[[Midtbyen, Trondheim|Midtbyen]]
|-
|[[Vår Frue Church]]||1200||[[Midtbyen, Trondheim|Midtbyen]]
|-
|Bakklandet||[[Bakke Church (Trondheim)|Bakke Church]]||1715||Bakklandet
|-
|Lade||[[Lade Church]]||1190||[[Lade, Trondheim|Lade]]
|-
|Lademoen||[[Lademoen Church]]||1905||[[Lademoen]]
|-
|rowspan="3"|Byåsen||Byåsen||[[Byåsen Church]]||1974||[[Byåsen]]
|-
|Ilen||[[Ilen Church]]||1889||[[Ila, Trondheim|Ila]]
|-
|Sverresborg||[[Havstein Church]]||1857||[[Sverresborg]]
|-
|rowspan="5"|Heimdal||Byneset||[[Byneset Church]]||1180||[[Byneset]]
|-
|Heimdal||[[Heimdal Church]]||1960||[[Heimdal]]
|-
|Kolstad||[[Kolstad Church]]||1986||[[Kolstad, Trondheim|Kolstad]]
|-
|Leinstrand||[[Leinstrand Church]]||1673||[[Nypan, Norway|Nypan]]
|-
|Tiller||[[Tiller Church]]||1901||[[Tiller, Norway|Tiller]]
|-
|rowspan="8"|Strinda||Berg||[[Berg Church (Trondheim)|Berg Church]]||1972||Berg
|-
|Bratsberg||[[Bratsberg Church]]||1850||[[Bratsberg, Sør-Trøndelag|Bratsberg]]
|-
|Charlottenlund||[[Charlottenlund Church]]||1973||[[Charlottenlund, Trondheim|Charlottenlund]]
|-
|Hoeggen||[[Hoeggen Church]]||1997||[[Lerkendal, Trondheim|Lerkendal]]
|-
|Ranheim||[[Ranheim Church]]||1933||[[Ranheim]]
|-
|Strinda||[[Strinda Church]]||1900||[[Strinda]]
|-
|Strindheim||[[Strindheim Church]]||1979||[[Strindheim]]
|-
|Tempe||[[Tempe Church]]||1960||[[Lerkendal, Trondheim|Lerkendal]]
|}

The [[Roman Catholic]] [[St. Olav's Cathedral, Trondheim|Sankt Olav domkirke]] is the [[cathedral]] episcopal see of the exempt [[Territorial Prelature of Trondheim]]. Being located across the street from the Nidaros Cathedral, the two of them form an unofficial religious quarter along with a [[synagogue]], a Baptist church, a [[Salvation Army]] office, and the 8-auditorium [[Movie theater|cinema]] ''Prinsen kinosenter''.

=== Museums ===
[[Sverresborg]], also named [[Zion]] after [[King David]]'s castle in [[Jerusalem]], was a fortification built by [[Sverre Sigurdsson]]. It is now an open-air museum, consisting of more than 60 buildings. The castle was originally built in 1182–1183, but did not last for long as it was burned down in 1188. However, the [[Sverresaga]] indicates it had been restored by 1197.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Denham |first1=Sean Dexter |last2=Westling |first2=Sara |year=2015 |title=Osteologiske og paleobotaniske undersøkelser av skjelett og jordprøve fra Sverresborg, Trøndelag Folkemuseum, Trondheim, Sør-Trøndelag |trans-title=Osteological & paleobotanical examinations of skeleton & soil sample from Sverresborg, Trøndelag Folkemuseum, Trondheim, Sør-Trøndelag |url=https://uis.brage.unit.no/uis-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2426308/2014_19_Sverresborg_Trondheim.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |url-status=live |journal=Oppdragsrapport |language=no |publisher=[[University of Stavanger|Universitetet i Stavanger]] |volume=8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809192736/https://uis.brage.unit.no/uis-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2426308/2014_19_Sverresborg_Trondheim.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=2019-07-16}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=October 2008}}

The Trondheim Science Center ({{langx|no|Vitensenteret i Trondheim}}) is a scientific hands-on experience center. The [[NTNU University Museum]] (Norwegian: NTNU Vitenskapsmuseet) is part of the [[Norwegian University of Science and Technology]]. There are also a variety of small history, science and [[natural history]] museums, such as the [[Trondheim Maritime Museum]], the ''Armoury'', adjacent to the Archbishops's Palace, Kristiansten Fortress, the music and musical instrument museum [[Ringve National Museum]], [[Ringve Botanical Garden]], the [[Trondheim Tramway Museum]], and the [[Jewish Museum of Trondheim|Jewish Museum]], co-located with the city's synagogue, which is among the northernmost in the world.

[[Rockheim]] ({{langx|no|Det nasjonale opplevelsessenteret for pop og rock}}, The National Discovery Center for Pop and Rock) opened at the Pier in August 2010. It is located inside an old warehouse, but characterised by an easily recognisable roof in the shape of a box. "The box" is decorated by thousands of tiny lights that change in a variety of colours and patterns, and is a landmark in the cityscape – especially on dark winter evenings.

=== Prison ===
Vollan District Jail ([[Norwegian language|Norwegian]]: ''Vollan kretsfengsel'') was a [[jail]] during the [[nazi occupation of Norway]] and was used to imprison both prisoners of war and criminals. Vollan was not considered a [[concentration camp]].<ref name=NOU1998/> In a summary of prisoners of war in Norway, numerous prisoners were registered at Vollan. One of its roles was as a [[Internment|transit camp]] for [[political prisoners]]. Many prisoners were taken from Vollan to [[Kristiansten Fortress]] and shot. The prisoners at Vollan were interrogated at the Mission Hotel in Trondheim.  Some were also interrogated by [[Henry Rinnan]] and his gang.<ref name="NOU1998">[http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/hod/dok/nouer/1998/nou-1998-12/26/7.html?id=375569 "11.7 Fangenskap i Norge"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203093420/http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/hod/dok/nouer/1998/nou-1998-12/26/7.html?id=375569 |date=3 February 2014 }}, ''NOU 1998: 12 Alta bataljon'', regjeringen.no.</ref> It was closed in 1971 after the opening of Trondheim Prison at Tunga.

Trondheim Prison (Norwegian: ''Trondheim fengsel'') is a prison that belongs to the Northern Region of the [[Norwegian Correctional Services]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trondheim Fengsel |url=http://www.kriminalomsorgen.no/trondheim-fengsel.5026298-237612.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229070543/http://www.kriminalomsorgen.no/trondheim-fengsel.5026298-237612.html |archive-date=29 December 2018 |access-date=6 January 2019}}</ref> The prison can house 184 [[inmates]].

It consists of four main departments: 
*Nermarka ("Tunga") – closed department
*Detention department (no: ''Forvaringsavdelingen'') at Nermarka
*Leira – open division.  Through joint positive activities, the individual inmate on certain conditions teaches to be responsible with other people.<ref>[http://www.krus.no/upload/PDF-dokumenter/LEIRA_hovedrapport.pdf Trondheim Prison dep. Leira, a study] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907053526/http://www.krus.no/upload/PDF-dokumenter/LEIRA_hovedrapport.pdf |date=2012-09-07 }} in Norwegian</ref>
*division Kongens gt. – halfway house, located in downtown Trondheim.

===Wider urban area===
Trondheim forms the centre of the [[Trondheim Region]], and is a common commuting point for work, shopping, and healthcare. Although the official list of [[metropolitan regions of Norway]] defines the region very broadly, the area of two-way commuting where Trondheim residents too would head outwards for transport, shopping, and [[upper secondary school]]s, consists roughly of Trondheim, [[Malvik Municipality|Malvik]], downtown [[Stjørdal]] (incl. [[Værnes]]), downtown [[Melhus Municipality|Melhus]], [[Skaun Municipality|Skaun]], and the lower sections of [[Vanvikan]] in [[Indre Fosen]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2022 |title=15 000 Trondheims-pendlere |url=https://miljopakken.no/nyheter/15-000-trondheims-pendlere |access-date=29 December 2023 |publisher=Miljøpakken |language=nb}}</ref>

==Government==
[[File:Rådhuset i Trondheim sett fra Bispegata, 2023.jpg|thumb|Trondheim's town hall.]]
Trondheim Municipality is responsible for [[primary education]] (through 10th grade), outpatient [[Health care|health services]], [[old age|senior citizen]] services, [[welfare spending|welfare]] and other [[Social work|social services]], [[zoning]], [[economic development]], and municipal [[road]]s and utilities. The municipality is governed by a [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] of [[Direct election|directly elected]] representatives. The [[mayor]] is [[Indirect election|indirectly elected]] by a vote of the municipal council.<ref name="ks">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=kommunestyre |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=[[Kunnskapsforlaget]] |url=https://snl.no/kommunestyre |date=2022-09-20 |editor-last=Hansen |editor-first=Tore |language=Norwegian |editor2-last=Vabo |editor2-first=Signy Irene |accessdate=2022-10-14}}</ref> The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the [[Trøndelag District Court]] and the [[Frostating Court of Appeal]].

On 1 January 2005, the city was reorganized from five [[borough]]s into four, with each of these having separate social services offices.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.trondheim.kommune.no/tema/helse-og-omsorg/soke-tjenester/finn-din-bydel/ | title=Finn din bydel - Trondheim kommune |language=nb}}</ref> The current boroughs are [[Midtbyen, Trondheim|Midtbyen]] (44,967 inhabitants), [[Østbyen]] (42,707 inhabitants), [[Lerkendal, Trondheim|Lerkendal]] (46,603 inhabitants) and [[Heimdal]] (30,744) inhabitants. The Population statistics listed are as of 1 January 2008. [[List of boroughs in Trondheim prior to 2005|Prior to 2005]], Trondheim was divided into the boroughs ''Sentrum'', ''Strinda'', ''Nardo'', ''Byåsen'' and ''Heimdal''.

{{see also|List of mayors of Trondheim}}

===Municipal council===
The [[Municipal council (Norway)|city council]] {{lang|no|(Bystyret)}} of Trondheim is made up of 67 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Prior to 2011, there were 85 city council members, but this number was reduced to 67 in 2011. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political [[Political party|party]].
{{div col}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|start                     = 2023
|end                       = 2027
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunestyrevalg 2023 - Trøndelag Trööndelage |url=https://valgresultat.no/valg/2023/ko/tr%C3%B8ndelag%20tr%C3%B6%C3%B6ndelage/trondheim#seats |access-date=2024-01-06 |publisher=[[Valgdirektoratet]]}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = 
|Total                     = 67
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 17
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 4
|Grønne                    = 4
|Høyre                     = 20
|INP                       = 1
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 1
|Pensjonistpartiet         = 3
|Rødt                      = 3
|Senterpartiet             = 1
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 9
|Venstre                   = 4
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 2019
|end                       = 2023
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2019 – Trøndelag |url=https://valgresultat.no/valg/2019/ko/tr%C3%B8ndelag/trondheim#seats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024191429/https://valgresultat.no/tr%25C3%25B8ndelag/trondheim%3Ftype%3Dko%26year%3D2019 |archive-date=24 October 2019 |access-date=2019-10-20 |publisher=Valg Direktoratet}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 67
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 17
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 4
|Høyre                     = 14
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 1
|Senterpartiet             = 5
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 8
|Venstre                   = 3
|Pensjonistpartiet         = 3
|Rødt                      = 5
|Grønne                    = 7
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 2015
|end                       = 2019
|reference                 = <ref name="ssb valg">{{Cite web |title=Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M) |url=https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/04813/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419034538/https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/04813/ |archive-date=19 April 2020 |access-date=21 October 2019 |publisher=Statistics Norway |language=no}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 67
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 28
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 4
|Høyre                     = 14
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 2
|Senterpartiet             = 2
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 4
|Venstre                   = 4
|Pensjonistpartiet         = 2
|Rødt                      = 2
|Grønne                    = 5
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trøndheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 2011
|end                       = 2015
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 – Sør-Trøndelag |url=https://valgresultat.no/valg/2011/ko/s%C3%B8r-tr%C3%B8ndelag/trondheim#seats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413002911/https://valgresultat.no/s%25C3%25B8r-tr%25C3%25B8ndelag/trondheim%3Ftype%3Dko%26year%3D2011 |archive-date=13 April 2020 |access-date=2019-10-20 |publisher=Valg Direktoratet}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 67
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 27
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 6
|Høyre                     = 18
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 2
|Senterpartiet             = 1
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 4
|Venstre                   = 4
|Pensjonistpartiet         = 1
|Rødt                      = 2
|Grønne                    = 2
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 2007
|end                       = 2011
|reference                 = <ref name="ssb valg" />
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 37
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 7
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 3
|Senterpartiet             = 2
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 3
|Venstre                   = 3
|Høyre                     = 13
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 13
|Demokratene               = 1
|Grønne                    = 2
|Pensjonistpartiet         = 1
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 2003
|end                       = 2007
|reference                 = <ref name="ssb valg" />
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 26
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 10
|Høyre                     = 18
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 3
|Senterpartiet             = 3
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 15
|Venstre                   = 2
|Pensjonistpartiet         = 4
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 2
|Grønne                    = 1
|Demokratene               = 1
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1999
|end                       = 2003
|reference                 = <ref name="ssb valg" />
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 26
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 7
|Høyre                     = 30
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 4
|Senterpartiet             = 1
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 8
|Venstre                   = 3
|Pensjonistpartiet         = 1
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 3
|Grønne                    = 1
|otherparty                = City list
|otherparty_no             = Bylista
|otherparty_number         = 1
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1995
|end                       = 1999
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1995 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_c342.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140920122018/http://ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_c342.pdf |archive-date=20 September 2014 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 22
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 6
|Høyre                     = 36
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 4
|Senterpartiet             = 3
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 5
|Venstre                   = 3
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 2
|Grønne                    = 1
|otherparty                = City list
|otherparty_no             = Bylista
|otherparty_number         = 3
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1991
|end                       = 1995
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1993 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1991 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_c057.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522201730/http://ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_c057.pdf |archive-date=22 May 2015 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 22
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 4
|Høyre                     = 29
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 4
|Grønne                    = 1
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 2
|Senterpartiet             = 5
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 12
|Venstre                   = 2
|otherparty                = City List
|otherparty_no             = Bylista  
|otherparty_number         = 4
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1987
|end                       = 1991
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1988 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1987 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b765.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019115549/http://ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b765.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2014 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 31
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 11
|Høyre                     = 21
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 4
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 2
|Senterpartiet             = 2
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 5
|Venstre                   = 3
|otherparty                = City List
|otherparty_no             = Bylista  
|otherparty_number         = 6
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1983
|end                       = 1987
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1984 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1983 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b450.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019091914/http://ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b450.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2014 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 35
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 5
|Høyre                     = 28
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 4
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 2
|Senterpartiet             = 2
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 6
|Venstre                   = 3
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = city
|start                     = 1979
|end                       = 1983
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1979 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1979 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b093.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140929113607/http://ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b093.pdf |archive-date=29 September 2014 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 36
|Fremskrittspartiet        = 1
|Høyre                     = 30
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 5
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 1
|Senterpartiet             = 3
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 5
|Venstre                   = 4
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1975
|end                       = 1979
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1977 |title=Kommunevalgene 1975 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a769.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315223921/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a769.pdf |archive-date=15 March 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 34
|DLF                       = 2
|Høyre                     = 24
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 8
|Senterpartiet             = 6
|Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 7
|Venstre                   = 3
|Rød_Valgallianse          = 1
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1971
|end                       = 1975
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1973 |title=Kommunevalgene 1972 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a457.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421043257/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a457.pdf |archive-date=21 April 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 40
|Høyre                     = 19
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 6
|NKP                       = 2
|Senterpartiet             = 6
|Sosialistisk_Folkeparti   = 7
|Venstre                   = 5
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1967
|end                       = 1971
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1967 |title=Kommunevalgene 1967 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a214.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421035823/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a214.pdf |archive-date=21 April 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo |volume=I}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 43
|Høyre                     = 22
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 4
|NKP                       = 1
|Senterpartiet             = 3
|Sosialistisk_Folkeparti   = 7
|Venstre                   = 5
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1963
|end                       = 1967
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1964 |title=Kommunevalgene 1963 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_138.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421050701/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_138.pdf |archive-date=21 April 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 85
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 45
|Høyre                     = 23
|NKP                       = 3
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 5
|Senterpartiet             = 3
|Sosialistisk_Folkeparti   = 3
|Venstre                   = 3
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1959
|end                       = 1963
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1960 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_022.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317152829/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_022.pdf |archive-date=17 March 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 77
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 41
|Høyre                     = 21
|NKP                       = 6
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 5
|Senterpartiet             = 1
|Venstre                   = 3
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1955
|end                       = 1959
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1957 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_252.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214033802/https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_252.pdf |archive-date=14 February 2020 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 77
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 38
|NKP                       = 9
|Høyre                     = 21
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 6
|Venstre                   = 3
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1951
|end                       = 1955
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1952 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_120.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317192202/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_120.pdf |archive-date=17 March 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 36
|NKP                       = 10
|Høyre                     = 20
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 6
|Venstre                   = 4
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1947
|end                       = 1951
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1948 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_165.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316182828/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_165.pdf |archive-date=16 March 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 31
|NKP                       = 15
|Høyre                     = 19
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 5
|Venstre                   = 6
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1945
|end                       = 1947
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1947 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_133.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825102312/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_133.pdf |archive-date=25 August 2014 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 30
|NKP                       = 18
|Høyre                     = 14
|Kristelig_Folkeparti      = 9
|Venstre                   = 5
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1937
|end                       = 1941* 
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1938 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_ix_133.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306080913/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_ix_133.pdf |archive-date=6 March 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Høyre                     = 21
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 11
|Venstre                   = 3
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 33
|NKP                       = 8
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1934
|end                       = 1937 
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1935 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1934 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_ix_057.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305031248/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_ix_057.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Høyre                     = 18
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 16
|Venstre                   = 4
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 29
|NKP                       = 8
|Local_Lists               = 1
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondheim
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1931
|end                       = 1934 
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1932 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1931 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_viii_186.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421021925/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_viii_186.pdf |archive-date=21 April 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Høyre                     = 22
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 11
|Venstre                   = 3
|Borgerlige_Felleslister   = 4
|Avholdspartiet            = 2
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 24
|NKP                       = 10
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondhjem / Nidaros
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1928
|end                       = 1931 
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1929 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1928 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_viii_093.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421045123/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_viii_093.pdf |archive-date=21 April 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Høyre                     = 22
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 9
|Venstre                   = 4
|Avholdspartiet            = 4
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 28
|NKP                       = 9
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondhjem
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1925
|end                       = 1928 
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1926 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1925 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vii_192.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825102236/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vii_192.pdf |archive-date=25 August 2014 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Høyre                     = 21
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 9
|Venstre                   = 5
|Avholdspartiet            = 3
|SDA                       = 4
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 18
|NKP                       = 12
|otherparty2               = Workers' Common List 
|otherparty_no2            = Arbeidernes fellesliste
|otherparty_number2        = 4
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondhjem
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1922
|end                       = 1925
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1923 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1922 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vii_078.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421054735/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vii_078.pdf |archive-date=21 April 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 76
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 28
|SDA                       = 7
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 9
|Høyre                     = 18
|Venstre                   = 5
|Local_Lists               = 9
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondhjem
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1919
|end                       = 1922
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1920 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1919 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vi_189.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305140350/http://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vi_189.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 68
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 22
|Høyre                     = 22
|Venstre                   = 4
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 8
|Avholdspartiet            = 5
|Local_Lists               = 7
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondhjem
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1917
|end                       = 1919
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1917 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1916 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vi_110.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127173652/https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vi_110.pdf |archive-date=27 January 2021 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 68
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 32
|Høyre                     = 20
|Venstre                   = 7
|H/FV                      = 3
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 6
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name                      = Trondhjem
|city                      = yes
|start                     = 1914
|end                       = 1916
|reference                 = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1914 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1913 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vi_012.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831141358/https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_vi_012.pdf |archive-date=31 August 2018 |access-date=2020-04-12 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed                 = yes
|Total                     = 68
|Arbeiderpartiet           = 26
|Høyre                     = 21
|Venstre                   = 10
|Avholdspartiet            = 3
|Frisinnede_Venstre        = 8
|}}
{{div col end}}

== Education and research ==
[[File:Hovedbygningen Gløshaugen Trondheim 2022-08-18 03.jpg|thumb|NTNU's main building]]
:''See also the [[Okstad School|list of primary schools in Trondheim]]''.

Trondheim is home to both the [[Norwegian University of Science and Technology]] (NTNU) with its many technical lab facilities and disciplines, and BI-Trondheim, a satellite campus for the Norwegian Business School (BI).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fossen |first=Christian |title=Norwegian University of Science and Technology |url=https://www.ntnu.edu/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206235556/https://www.ntnu.edu/ |archive-date=6 December 2019 |access-date=2017-04-11 |website=ntnu.edu}}</ref> Both universities welcome a number of international students on a yearly basis and offer various scholarships.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scholarships |url=https://www.bi.edu/study-at-bi/scholarships/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411220826/https://www.bi.edu/study-at-bi/scholarships/ |archive-date=11 April 2017 |access-date=2017-04-11 |website=BI Business School}}</ref>

[[St. Olavs University Hospital|St. Olav's University Hospital]], a regional hospital for Central Norway, is located in downtown Trondheim. St. Olav's is a teaching hospital and cooperates closely with the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) on both research and medical education.

[[SINTEF]], a large independent research organisation in [[Scandinavia]], has 1,800 employees with 1,300 of these located in Trondheim.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 June 2013 |title=About us – SINTEF |url=http://www.sintef.no/content/page1____328.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612111859/http://www.sintef.no/content/page1____328.aspx |archive-date=12 June 2008 |access-date=1 July 2013 |publisher=Sintef.no}}</ref> The Air Force Academy of the [[Royal Norwegian Air Force]] is located at Kuhaugen in Trondheim.

The [[Geological Survey of Norway]] is located at Lade in Trondheim and is a major geoscientific institution with 220 employees of which 70% are scientists.

There are 11 high schools in the city. [[Trondheim katedralskole]] ("Trondheim Cathedral School") was founded in 1152 and is the oldest upper secondary school ([[gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]]) in Norway, while [[Charlottenlund videregående skole]] is the largest in Sør-Trøndelag with its 1,100 students and 275 employees. Brundalen Skole, has big festivals each year, and is building out to increase space.

Ila skole was founded in 1770 and is the oldest primary school in Trondheim.<ref>[[:no:Ila skole (Trondheim)]]</ref>

== Media ==
[[Adresseavisen]] is the largest regional newspaper and the oldest active newspaper in Norway, having been established in 1767. The two headquarters of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) are located at [[:no:NRK Tyholt|Tyholt]] in Trondheim, and in Oslo.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Haugan |first=Trond E |title=Byens magiske rom: Historien om Trondheim kino |publisher=Tapir Akademisk Forlag |year=2008 |isbn=978-82-519-2242-5}}</ref> On 31 December 2019 the fully digital and local newspaper Nidaros was launched as a competitor to Adresseavisen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2019 |title=Lanserer ny lokalavis i Trondheim |url=https://www.adressa.no/nyheter/trondheim/2019/11/26/Lanserer-ny-lokalavis-i-Trondheim-20479255.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128011915/https://www.adressa.no/nyheter/trondheim/2019/11/26/Lanserer-ny-lokalavis-i-Trondheim-20479255.ece |archive-date=28 November 2019 |access-date=26 November 2019|language=nb}}</ref> The student press of Trondheim features three types of media. [[Under Dusken]] is the student paper, [[Radio Revolt]] is the student radio, and Student-TV broadcasts videos online.

Radio stations established in Trondheim include Trøndelag-focused opt-out feeds of [[NRK P1]] and [[NRK P1+]], a local version of NRK [[yr.no|Yr]]'s radio station, and Radio Revolt. Along with Norway's national radio stations, they can be listened to on [[Digital audio broadcasting|DAB+]] across most of Trøndelag, as well as on [[internet radio]]. As of 2017, the commercial stations Radio Trondheim and Radio 247 also broadcast from within Trondheim,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Radiokanaler på DAB |url=https://radio.no/radiokanaler-pa-dab/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927054631/https://radio.no/radiokanaler-pa-dab/ |archive-date=27 September 2017 |access-date=8 January 2018|language=nb}}</ref> but as of May 2025 there are no commercial local stations that broadcast from within Trondheim Municipality proper, but intra-regional stations like [[Nea Radio]], [[Radio Trøndelag]], and P5 Fosen (Not to be mistaken for the national P5 Hits) are fully available on DAB+ in Trondheim.

== Culture ==
===Visual arts===
The [[Trondheim Art Museum]] has Norway's third largest public art collection, mainly Norwegian art from the last 150 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trondheim kunstmuseum |url=https://trondheimkunstmuseum.no/velkommen.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071207161821/http://www.tkm.museum.no/no/velkommen.html |archive-date=7 December 2007 |access-date=13 March 2023 |website=trondheimkunstmuseum.no}}</ref>

The {{ill|National Museum of Decorative Arts and Design, Trondheim|lt=National Museum of Decorative Arts and Design|no|Nordenfjeldske Kunstindustrimuseum|WD=}} boasts a large collection of [[decorative arts]] and design, including a great number of tapestries from the Norwegian tapestry artist [[Hannah Ryggen]], as well as Norway's only permanent exhibibition of Japanese [[handicraft|arts and crafts]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nordenfjeldske |url=http://www.nkim.museum.no/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090611234506/http://www.nkim.museum.no/ |archive-date=11 June 2009 |access-date=2009-12-22}}</ref>

[[Trøndelag senter for samtidskunst]] ({{langx|en|Trøndelag Centre for Contemporary Art}}, TSSK) was established in 1976.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trøndelag senter for samtidskunst |url=https://www.kunzt.no/utstillinger/trondelag-senter-for-samtidskunst |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226124651/https://www.kunzt.no/utstillinger/trondelag-senter-for-samtidskunst |archive-date=26 February 2021 |access-date=2020-10-19 |website=Kunzt.no |language=no}}</ref>

There are two artist-run spaces, {{ill|Galleri Blunk|no|Galleri Blunk}}, that was founded by students of the [[Trondheim Academy of Fine Art]] in 2002, and [[Babel visningsrom for kunst|Babel]], that was founded by Lademoen Kunstnerverksteder ({{langx|en|Lademoen Artist Workshops}}, LKV) in 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Caron |first=Vittoria |date=2017-01-02 |title=10 Must-Visit Contemporary Galleries in Trondheim, Norway |url=https://www.theculturetrip.com/europe/norway/articles/trondheim-for-art-lovers-10-contemporary-galleries-you-should-visit/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120210238/https://theculturetrip.com/europe/norway/articles/trondheim-for-art-lovers-10-contemporary-galleries-you-should-visit/ |archive-date=20 January 2021 |access-date=2020-10-19 |website=Culture Trip}}</ref>

[[Kunsthall Trondheim]] was inaugurated at its permanent premises on Kongens gate in October 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-05 |title=this is a political (painting) |url=https://www.e-flux.com/announcements/62328/this-is-a-political-painting/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716143908/https://www.e-flux.com/announcements/62328/this-is-a-political-painting/ |archive-date=16 July 2020 |access-date=2020-07-16 |website=e-flux}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kunsthall Trondheim |url=https://www.kunzt.no/utstillinger/kunsthall-trondheim |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528153955/https://www.kunzt.no/utstillinger/kunsthall-trondheim |archive-date=28 May 2021 |access-date=2020-10-19 |website=Kunzt.no |language=no}}</ref>

The {{Interlanguage link|Trondheim PoMo Museum|lt=PoMo Museum|no|PoMo}}, dedicated to [[Modern art|modern]] and [[contemporary art]], opened on Dronningens gate in February 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johannessen |first=NTB-Gitte |date=2025-02-14 |title=Reitan åpner døren til eget museum: – Kunsten har vært en slags flukt |url=https://www.adressa.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/RznjKW/reitan-aapner-doeren-til-eget-museum-kunsten-har-vaert-en-slags-flukt |access-date=2025-02-21 |website=adressa.no |language=nb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=PoMo museum in Trondheim // Opening 15 Feb 2025 |url=https://pomo.no/en |access-date=2025-02-21 |website=pomo.no |language=en}}</ref>

===Stage===
The main regional theatre, [[Trøndelag Teater]], is situated in Trondheim. Built in 1816, the theatre is the oldest theatre still in use in Scandinavia.<ref>Haugan, Trond E. ''Byens magiske rom: Historien om Trondheim kino'' (Tapir Akademisk Forlag, 2008, {{ISBN|978-82-519-2242-5}}) Norwegian</ref> The city also features an alternative theatre house [[Teaterhuset Avant Garden]], and the theatre company Teater Fusentast.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About |url=http://fusentast.no/en/about-us/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083229/http://fusentast.no/en/about-us/ |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=21 May 2015 |website=Teater Fusentast}}</ref>

===Music===
[[File:Ringve botaniske hage 1 (15100598877).jpg|thumb|right|The [[Ringve Museum]] is a museum devoted to music]]
Trondheim has a broad music scene, and is known for its strong communities committed to rock, [[jazz]] and [[European classical music|classical music]]. The city's interest in Jazz and classical music are spearheaded by the [[music conservatory]] at [[Norwegian University of Science and Technology|NTNU]] which has been called one of the most innovative in the world,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nicholson |first=Stuart |title=Is Jazz Dead?: Or Has It Moved to a New Address |date=1 May 2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1136731006}}</ref> and the municipal music school, ''Trondheim Kommunale Musikk- og Kulturskole''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History |url=http://jazzfest.no/en/history-contact/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521223313/http://jazzfest.no/en/history-contact/ |archive-date=21 May 2015 |access-date=21 May 2015 |website=Jazzfest}}</ref> The [[Trondheim Symphony Orchestra]] and the [[Trondheim Soloists]] are well-known. The city hosts a yearly Jazz festival, and is home to [[Trondheim Jazz Orchestra]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jazz Fest |url=http://jazzfest.no/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521184738/http://jazzfest.no/ |archive-date=21 May 2015 |access-date=21 May 2015}}</ref> The [[Fjordgata Records]] label is also hosted in Trondheim.

Classical artists hailing from Trondheim include violinist [[Arve Tellefsen]], [[Elise Båtnes]] and [[Marianne Thorsen]]. Also the [[Nidaros Cathedral Boys' Choir]].

[[Thomas Bergersen]], a Norwegian self-taught composer, multi-instrumentalist, and the co-founder of the production music company Two Steps From Hell, was born in Trondheim.

Pop/rock artists and bands associated with Trondheim include [[Åge Aleksandersen]], [[Margaret Berger]], [[DumDum Boys]], [[Lasse Marhaug]], [[Gåte]], [[Keep Of Kalessin]], [[Lumsk]], [[Motorpsycho (band)|Motorpsycho]], [[Kari Rueslåtten]], [[the 3rd and the Mortal]], [[TNT (Norwegian band)|TNT]], [[Tre Små Kinesere]], [[The Kids (Norwegian band)|the Kids]], [[Bokassa (band)|Bokassa]], Casino Steel (of [[The Boys (UK band)|the Boys]]), Atrox, Bloodthorn, Manes, child prodigy [[Malin Reitan]] and [[Aleksander With]]. The most popular punk scene is [[UFFA]].

[[Georg Kajanus]], creator of the bands [[Eclection]], [[Sailor (band)|Sailor]] and [[DATA (band)|DATA]], was born in Trondheim. The music production team [[Stargate (production team)|Stargate]] started out in Trondheim.

Trondheim is also home to Rockheim, the national museum of popular music, which is responsible for collecting, preserving and sharing Norwegian popular music from the 1950s to the present day.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rockheim |url=https://www.rockheim.no/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526210407/http://www.rockheim.no/ |archive-date=26 May 2015 |access-date=21 May 2015 |website=Rockheim}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Det nasjonale opplevelsessenteret for pop og rock i Trondheim vil ligge på Brattøra |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/nb/aktuelt/det-nasjonale-opplevelsessenteret-for-po/id481352/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521215321/https://www.regjeringen.no/nb/aktuelt/det-nasjonale-opplevelsessenteret-for-po/id481352/ |archive-date=21 May 2015 |access-date=21 May 2015 |agency=Regjeringen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Skybakmoen |first=Jonas |date=5 August 2010 |title=Rocken kommer heim |url=http://www.adressa.no/kultur/musikk/article1513914.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222215357/http://www.adressa.no/kultur/musikk/article1513914.ece |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=21 May 2015 |agency=Adressa}}</ref>

===Film===
Trondheim features a lively film scene, including three filmfests: Minimalen Short Film Fest and [[Kosmorama|Kosmorama International Film Fest]] in March, and [[Trondheim Documentarfestival]] in November. Trondheim has two cinemas in the center of the city, Prinsen Kino and Nova kino [[Prinsen Kinosenter]], [[Nova Kinosenter]]

===Student culture===
[[File:Studentersamfundet i Trondhjem from South-West.jpg|thumb|right|The building of the [[Studentersamfundet i Trondhjem]]]]
With students comprising almost a fifth of the population, the city of Trondheim is heavily influenced by student culture. Most noticeable is [[Studentersamfundet i Trondhjem]], the city's student society. Its characteristic round, red building from 1929 sits at the head of the bridge crossing the river southwards from the city centre. As the largest university in Norway, the [[Norwegian University of Science and Technology]] (NTNU) is the host of some 36,000 students.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2015 |title=NTNU blir størst |url=http://khrono.no/samfunn-struktur/2015/01/ntnu-fusjonerer-med-tre-hogskoler |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403001513/http://khrono.no/samfunn-struktur/2015/01/ntnu-fusjonerer-med-tre-hogskoler |archive-date=3 April 2016 |access-date=2016-02-25 |website=Khrono}}</ref>

Student culture in Trondheim is characterised by a long-standing tradition of volunteer work. The student society is for example run by more than 1,200 volunteers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Studentersamfundet |url=http://www.samfundet.no/informasjon/omsamfundet.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109182411/http://www.samfundet.no/informasjon/omsamfundet.php |archive-date=9 November 2007 |access-date=18 February 2008 |language=no}}</ref> [[NTNUI]], Norway's largest sports club, is among the other volunteer organisations that dominate student culture in Trondheim. Students in Trondheim are also behind two major Norwegian culture festivals, [[UKA (festival)|UKA]] and [[Isfit|The International Student Festival in Trondheim]] (ISFiT). NTNU lists over 200 student organisations with registered web pages on its servers alone.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NTNU Student Organisations (in Norwegian) |url=http://org.ntnu.no/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080306100437/http://org.ntnu.no/ |archive-date=6 March 2008 |access-date=18 February 2008}}</ref>

===In popular culture===
Trondheim culture is parodied on the [[Monty Python]] album ''[[Another Monty Python Record]]'' in the form of the fictitious Trondheim Hammer Dance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apologies/ Trondheim Hammer Dance |url=http://www.madmusic.com/song_details.aspx?SongID=27618 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207221428/http://www.madmusic.com/song_details.aspx?SongID=27618 |archive-date=7 December 2013 |access-date=12 October 2012 |publisher=madmusic.com}}</ref>

Trondheim is also a key location in the ''[[Command & Conquer: Tiberian Sun]]'' universe, as it is a critical battleground for both factions.

Trondheim was the name of a planet in the Hundred Worlds of the [[Ender's Game (novel series)|''Ender's Game'' novel series]].

Trondheim likely serves as an inspiration for the fictional city Tronjheim in [[The Inheritance Cycle]].

==Sports and recreation==
[[Granåsen Ski Centre]], a [[Nordic skiing]] venue located in Byåsen, regularly hosts World Cup competitions in [[ski jumping]], [[biathlon]] and [[cross-country skiing (sport)|cross-country skiing]], as well as the [[1997 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships|1997]] and [[FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2025|2025 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships]]. Trondheim [[Trondheim bid for the 2018 Winter Olympics|attempted but failed]] to become the Norwegian candidate for the [[2018 Winter Olympics]]. Hiking and recreational skiing is available around the city, particularly in [[Bymarka]], which can be reached by the tramway. Trondheim Golfklubb, one of the oldest golf clubs in Norway, has a nine-hole golf course in Byåsen. Byneset Golfklubb has a full 18 hole par 72 course, which has hosted the [[Norwegian Challenge]] of the [[Challenge Tour]] in 2012, as well as a short and easy 9 hole course, located at Spongdal. Klæbu Golfklubb in Klæbu has another 9 hole course, albeit with artificial greens. There's also a public (no golf experience of course required) 9 hole par 3 course with a nice view overlooking the city centre at Byåsen.
[[File:Lerkendal stadion panorama - august 2018.jpg|thumb|right|[[Rosenborg BK|Rosenborg]]'s Lerkendal Stadium.]]
[[Rosenborg BK]] is the city's only top flight football club. They play their home matches at [[Lerkendal Stadion]]. They have won the [[Norwegian Premier League]] 26 times between 1967 and 2018, have reached the [[UEFA Champions League]] group stage 12 times, and made it to the last 8 [[1996–97 UEFA Champions League|on one occasion]]. [[Ranheim Fotball]] was promoted from the [[Norwegian First Division]] to join [[Eliteserien]] in 2018. They finished seventh in their first season in the top flight, but fished last the following season and was relegated. They have played in the first division since the 2020 season. Ranheim's home ground is the [[EXTRA Arena]].

[[Byåsen IL]] plays in [[Eliteserien (women's handball)|the women's handball league]], and used to be a regular in the [[EHF Women's Champions League]], whereas [[Kolstad Håndball]] plays in [[Eliteserien (men's handball)|the men's handball league]] and have played in the [[2023–24 EHF Champions League|2023–24]] and [[2024–25 EHF Champions League|2024–25]] seasons of the [[EHF Champions League]]. The 2 teams variably play their home games at [[Trondheim Spektrum]] and {{ill|Kolstad Arena|nb}} depending on expected attendances and economic viability.

Trondheim and Trøndelag is also regarded as the home of the [[Basse (game)|basse]] game, a game played using a ball made from tightly bound rubber bands.

===Major sports teams===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|Club
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|Sport
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|Founded
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|League
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|Venue
|-
|[[Rosenborg BK]]
|[[Association football|Football]]
|1917
|[[Eliteserien (football)]]
|[[Lerkendal stadion]]
|-
|[[Ranheim Fotball]]
|[[Association football|Football]]
|1901
|[[OBOS-ligaen]]
|[[EXTRA Arena]]
|-
|[[Byåsen HE|Byåsen]]
|[[Handball|Handball (Women)]]
|1921
|[[Eliteserien (women's handball)]]
|Kolstad Arena
|-
|[[Nidaros Hockey]]
|[[Ice hockey]]
|2015
|[[Norwegian First Division (ice hockey)|1. divisjon]]
|[[Leangen Ishall]]
|-
|[[Rosenborg BK Kvinner]]
|[[Association football|Football (women)]]
|1972
|[[Toppserien]]
|Koteng Arena
|-
|[[Kolstad Håndball]]
|[[Handball|Handball (men)]]
|1972
|[[Eliteserien (men's handball)]]
|Kolstad Arena
|-
|[[Spektra Cricket]]
|[[Cricket]]
|2014 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Spektra Cricket Klubb i Trondheim |url=https://sckit.no/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125191238/https://sckit.no/ |archive-date=25 January 2021 |access-date=27 May 2021}}</ref>
|NCF Menn
|Lade and Spektrum
|-
|[[Nidaros Jets]]
|[[Basketball]]
|2014
|[[BLNO|BLNO Menn]]
|Husebyhallen
|}

===Major championships hosted===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|Event
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|Sport
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|Years
! style="background:gray; color:black;"|Venue
|-
|[[FIS Nordic World Ski Championships]]
|[[Nordic skiing]]
|[[1997 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships|1997]], [[FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2025|2025]]
|Granåsen
|-
|[[World Allround Speed Skating Championships]]
|[[Speed skating]]
|1907, 1911, 1926, 1933, 1937
|[[Øya Stadion]]
|-
|[[IHF World Women's Handball Championship]]
|[[Handball]]
|[[1993 World Women's Handball Championship|1993]], [[1999 World Women's Handball Championship|1999]], [[2023 World Women's Handball Championship|2023]]
|[[Trondheim Spektrum]]
|-
|[[IHF World Men's Handball Championship]]
|[[Handball]]
|[[2025 World Men's Handball Championship|2025]]
|[[Trondheim Spektrum]]
|-
|[[European Men's Handball Championship]]
|[[Handball]]
|[[2008 European Men's Handball Championship|2008]], [[2020 European Men's Handball Championship|2020]]
|[[Trondheim Spektrum]]
|-
|[[World Orienteering Championships]]
|[[Orienteering]]
|[[2010 World Orienteering Championships|2010]]
|Throughout Trondheim
|-
|[[UEFA Super Cup]]
|[[Association football|Football]]
|[[2016 UEFA Super Cup|2016]]
|[[Lerkendal Stadion]]
|}

== Transportation ==
[[File:Skansen smaabaathavn, Trondheim 01.jpg|left|thumb| Skansen Marina]]
[[File:Estación central de FF.CC., Trondheim, Noruega, 2019-09-06, DD 28.jpg|thumb|Railway station]]
[[File:Costa Victoria in Trondheim.jpg|thumb|Costa Victoria in Trondheim]]
{{Main|Public Transport in Trondheim}}
Trondheim has an international airport, [[Trondheim Airport, Værnes]], situated in [[Stjørdal]] {{convert|32|km}} away, which is Norway's fourth largest airport in terms of passenger traffic. Værnes has non-stop connections to cities such as [[London]], [[Amsterdam]], [[Copenhagen]], and [[Stockholm]], among others. The domestic route Trondheim – Oslo is among the [[List of busiest passenger air routes|busiest air routes]] in Europe with around 2 million passengers annually.

Trondheim boasts the world's only bicycle lift, ''[[Trampe bicycle lift|Trampe]]''.
===Bus===
The bus network, operated by [[AtB]], runs throughout most of the city and its suburbs. A new metro line system went public 3 August 2019. The new transportation system covers the Trondheim area (Trondheim, Malvik, and Melhus). The three metro lines and the city lines that link the city across. The new public transport system becomes flexible, with buses running more often and accommodating more passengers. Fewer travelers must take a detour through the center of Trondheim, but relies more on bus transits.

In addition, the Nattbuss (Night Bus) service ensures cheap and effective transport for those enjoying nightlife in the city centre during the weekends. The Nattbus has other and more expensive prices than ordinary buses.
===Boats===
The Coastal Express ships ([[Hurtigruten]]: Covering the [[Bergen]]–[[Kirkenes]] stretch of the coast) call at Trondheim, as do many [[cruise ship]]s during the summer season. Every morning the Hurtigruten ships have one southbound and one northbound arrival and departure in Trondheim.

Since 1994 there is also a fast commuter boat service to [[Kristiansund]] (via [[Brekstad]]), the closest coastal city to the southwest; there is also a second commuter boat service to [[Vanvikan]].

A [[Flakk–Rørvik Ferry|car ferry route]] from the port of Flakk in the northwest of the municipality, connects Trondheim with [[Fosen]].
===Rail transport===
[[File:Trondheim tram 2.jpg|thumb|right|A tram in Trondheim in 2006]]
Major railway connections are the northbound [[Nordland Line]], the eastbound [[Meråker Line]] to [[Åre]] and [[Östersund]] in Sweden, and two southbound connections to Oslo, the [[Røros Line]] and [[Dovre Line]].

Trondheim also boasts the northernmost (since closure of [[Arkhangelsk]] tram in 2004) [[tram]]way line in the world: the [[Gråkallen Line]], the last remaining segment of the [[Trondheim Tramway]], is an {{convert|8.8|km}} route (which is mostly single-track outside the innermost parts of the city; except the stretch between Breidablikk and Nordre Hoem stations) which runs from the city centre, through the [[Byåsen]] district, and up to Lian, in the large recreation area [[Bymarka]].
===Roads===
Norway's longest road, the [[European route E6]] north-south [[motorway]], passes through Trondheim mostly southeast of the major districts, except a long section between Tiller and Sluppen just north of Nidelva. The eastern terminus for [[European route E39]] is at Klett narrowly within the municipality border, which heads west to [[Møre og Romsdal]].

The later built National Road 706, ''Nordre avlastningsvei'', is an alternate bypass that heads northwest instead of northeast at Sluppen, passing through Ila, Piren, and northern Strindheim before rejoining European Route E6 northeast of IKEA. This bypass is slower and has various [[roundabout]] crosses.

Various bridge projects over the Trondheim Fjord to replace the car ferry have been planned, but none have begun construction.

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Norway}}
Trondheim is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Internasjonalt arbeid |url=https://www.trondheim.kommune.no/internasjonalt/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414125602/https://www.trondheim.kommune.no/internasjonalt/ |archive-date=14 April 2021 |access-date=2021-04-14 |website=trondheim.kommune.no |publisher=Trondheim Kommune |language=no}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Darmstadt]], Germany (1968)
*{{flagicon|SCO}} [[Dunfermline]], Scotland, United Kingdom (1945)
*{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Graz]], Austria (1968)
*{{flagicon|FRO}} [[Klaksvík]], Faroe Islands (1987)
*{{flagicon|ISL}} [[Kópavogur]], Iceland (1946)
*{{flagicon|SWE}} [[Norrköping Municipality|Norrköping]], Sweden (1946)
*{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Odense Municipality|Odense]], Denmark (1946)
*{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Petah Tikva]], Israel (1975)
*{{flagicon|PSE}} [[Ramallah]], Palestine (2004)
*{{flagicon|CRO}} [[Split, Croatia|Split]], Croatia (1956)
*{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Tampere]], Finland (1946)
*{{flagicon|MDA}} [[Tiraspol]], Moldova (1987)
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Vallejo, California|Vallejo]], United States (1960)
{{div col end}}

==Business==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add to this list if already an article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> 
*[[Lilleby smelteverk]] (1927–2002)

==Notable people==
=== Public Service & public thinking ===
[[File:Albert Lorentzen Angell (1660 - 1705) (3611228138).jpg|140px|thumb|Albert Angell]]
[[File:ErikVarden24.jpg|140px|thumb|Erik Varden]]
* [[Lisbet Nypan]] ({{Circa|1610}}–1670) an executed alleged Norwegian witch
* [[Ove Bjelke]] (1611–1674) nobleman, feudal lord and [[Chancellor of Norway]]
* [[Albert Angell]] (1660–1705) landowner, businessman and Mayor of Trondheim
* [[Peter Tordenskiold]] (1691–1720) a Dano-Norwegian nobleman and flag officer<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Tordenskjold, Peder| volume= 27 | pages=50–51 |first=Robert Nisbet|last=Bain|author-link=Robert Nisbet Bain |short= x}}</ref>
* [[Hilchen Sommerschild]] (1756–1831) pioneer educator
* [[Frederik Due]] (1796–1873) Norwegian prime minister in Stockholm, 1841–1858
* [[Thoning Owesen|Johan Thoning Owesen]] (1804–1881), shipowner, landowner and philanthropist
* [[Hans Gerhard Colbjørnsen Meldahl]] (1815–1877) politician and sixth [[Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norway]], 1874–1877
* [[John Gunder North]] (1826–1872) ship builder in San Francisco
* [[Fritz Jenssen]] (1886–1966) banker and politician for [[Nasjonal Samling]]
* [[Olaus Dons Schmidt]] (1895-1969) genealogist, fellow, [[Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters]]
* [[Bernt Ingvaldsen]] (1902–1985) politician, [[President of the Storting]] 1965–1972
* [[David Abrahamsen]] (1903–2002) forensic psychiatrist, psychoanalyst and author in the USA
* [[John Lyng]] (1905–1978) a politician, briefly [[Prime Minister of Norway]] in 1963
* [[Anne Margrethe Strømsheim]] (1914–2008) nurse and [[Norwegian resistance]] member 
* [[Henrik Rogstad]] (1916–1945) a politician with [[Nasjonal Samling]]
* [[Kaare Langlete]] (1931–2009) military officer and [[Lord Chamberlain (Norway)|Lord Chamberlain]]
* [[Idun Reiten]] (born 1942) mathematician 
* [[Per Arne Watle]] (born 1948) politician and CEO of [[Widerøe]] 1997–2008
* [[Georg Müller (Catholic bishop)|Georg Müller]] (1951-2015) [[Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Trondheim|RC Bishop of Trondheim]] until resignation following child sexual abuse, 2009
* [[Erik Varden]] (born 1974) [[Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Trondheim|RC Bishop of Trondheim]]

=== The Arts ===
[[File:Arve Tellefsen Piknik i Parken 2017 (160657).jpg|140px|thumb|Arve Tellefsen, 2017]]
[[File:Liv Ullmann 2014.jpg|140px|thumb|Liv Ullmann, 2014]]
* [[Carl Lorck]] (1829–1882) a Norwegian painter
* [[Anna Munch]] (1856–1932), novelist, playwright 
* [[Knut Glomsaas]] (1863–1935) a military musician
* [[Tupsy Clement]] (1871–1959) a [[Skagen Painters|Skagen painter]] of landscapes 
* [[Emmy Worm-Müller]] (1875–1950) silent film actress <ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0941525/  IMDb Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216024538/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0941525/ |date=16 February 2017 }} retrieved 10 November 2020</ref>
* [[Arne Eggen]] (1881–1955) a classical composer and organist
* [[Bjarne Amdahl]] (1903–1968) pianist, composer and orchestra conductor <ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0024491/  IMDb Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218055504/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0024491/ |date=18 February 2017 }} retrieved 10 November 2020</ref>
* [[Erling Viksjø]] (1910–1971) architect, exponent of [[architectural modernism]]
* [[Agnar Mykle]] (1915–1994) author, controversial figure in Norwegian literature
* [[Håkon Bleken]] (1929-2025) painter and graphic artist. 
* [[Arve Tellefsen]] (born 1936) classical violinist
* [[Liv Ullmann]] (born 1938) actress and director <ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0880521/  IMDb Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110091409/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0880521/ |date=10 November 2020 }} retrieved 9 November 2020</ref>
* [[Jan Erik Kongshaug]] (1944–2019) sound engineer, jazz guitarist and composer <ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1023643/  IMDb Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101195240/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1023643/ |date=1 November 2020 }} retrieved 10 November 2020</ref>
* [[Sidsel Endresen]] (born 1952) singer, composer and actress
* [[Trond Halstein Moe]] (born 1954), operatic baritone
* [[Brit Dyrnes]] (born 1955), ceramist
* [[Geir Lysne]] (born 1965) a jazz musician and [[Big Band]] leader
* [[Øystein Baadsvik]] (born 1966) tuba soloist and chamber musician
* [[Merethe Trøan]] (born 1970) singer at the [[1992 Eurovision Song Contest]]
* [[Elise Båtnes]] (born 1971) violinist, leader of the [[Oslo Philharmonic]] orchestra since 2006
* [[Ingrid Lorentzen]] (born 1972) ballet dancer, artistic director of the [[Norwegian National Ballet]]
* [[Thomas Bergersen]] (born 1980) composer and multi-instrumentalist
*  [[Georg Kajanus]] (born 1946) singer-songwriter, composer. Known from UK bands Sailor, Data and Noir.
*  [[Stein Groven|Casino Steel]] (born 1952) keyboardist, singer and songwriter. Known from UK band [[The Boys (English band)|The Boys]].
* [[Bernt Østhus]] (born 1970), lawyer, investor and photographer

=== Sports ===
[[File:Metallist-Rusenborg 2012 (1).jpg|140px|thumb|Steffen Iversen, 2012]]
[[File:Trine Rønning 2015 2.jpg|140px|thumb|Trine Rønning, 2015]]
* [[Nils Uhlin Hansen]] (1919–1945) long jumper and [[Norwegian resistance]] member in WWII. 
* [[Hjalmar Andersen]] (1923–2013) speed skater, triple gold medalist at the [[1952 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Arnfinn Bergmann]] (1928–2011) ski jumper, gold medallist at the [[1952 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Odd Iversen]] (1945–2014) a footballer with 282 club appearances and 45 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Steffen Iversen]] (born 1976) footballer with 79 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Martin Schanche]] (born 1945), racing driver and politician
* [[Jan Egil Storholt]] (born 1949) speed skater, gold medallist at the [[1976 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Ingrid Kristiansen]] (born 1956) former long-distance runner
* [[Frode Rønning]] (born 1959) speed skater, bronze medallist at the [[1980 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Rune Bratseth]] (born 1961) former footballer with 313 club appearances and 60 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Atle Kvålsvoll]] (born 1962) cyclist and coach
* [[Roar Strand]] (born 1970) footballer with 464 club caps and 42 for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Bjørn Otto Bragstad]] (born 1971) footballer with 251 club appearances and 15 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Gøril Kringen]] (born 1972) former footballer and coach
* [[Vegard Heggem]] (born 1975) former footballer with 20 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Fredrik Winsnes]] (born 1975) former footballer with 353 club appearances and 19 caps for [[Norway national football team|Norway]]
* [[Øystein Kvaal Østerbø]] (born 1981) orienteering and ski-orienteering competitor
* [[Trine Rønning]] (born 1982) a former captain of the [[Norway women's national football team]]
* [[Emil Hegle Svendsen]] (born 1985) biathlete, eight medals at Winter Olympics (four gold)
* [[Torstein Horgmo]] (born 1987) snowboarder
* [[Emil Weber Meek]] (born 1988) mixed martial artist
* [[Jørgen Gråbak]] (born 1991) Nordic combined skier, double gold at the [[2014 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Sander Sagosen]] (born 1995) handball player
* [[Alexander Sørloth]] (born 1995) footballer
* [[Johannes Høsflot Klæbo]] (born 1996) a cross-country skier, triple gold medallist at the [[2018 Winter Olympics]]

== See also ==
{{portal|Norway}}
*[[Estenstadmarka]]
*[[List of mayors of Trondheim]]
*[[Norwegian Society for Photobiology and Photomedicine]] (1983)
*[[Tyholttårnet|Tyholt Tower]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book |url=http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2017091207061 |title=Trondheim: One Thousand Years in the City of St. Olav |publisher=Strindheim trykkeris forlag |year=1992 |isbn=8290551576}}

== External links ==
{{Sister project auto}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160530010232/http://www.trondheim.kommune.no/ Municipality website] {{in lang|no}}
* Trondheim.no, Trondheim's official website in '''[https://www.trondheim.no/ Norwegian]''' 
** and Trondheim.com, Trondheim's official website in '''[https://www.trondheim.com/ English] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201233520/https://www.trondheim.com/ |date=1 February 2020 }}'''
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Trondhjem | volume= 27 | page = 305 |short= 1}}
* Trondheim in Spanish '''[https://www.turismoreligioso.travel/santuarios-de-america/trondheim-un-destino-en-noruega-que-debes-conocer/]'''
* [http://www.visittrondheim.no/ Visit Trondheim]
*{{Wikivoyage inline}}

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[[Category:Trondheim| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Norway]]
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