Editing Transport in Uzbekistan

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As of 2007, [[Uzbekistan]]'s overland transportation [[infrastructure]] declined significantly in the post-Soviet era due to low investment and poor maintenance. [[Air transport]] was the only branch that received substantial government investment in the early 2000s, as [[airport]] modernization projects were undertaken.<ref name=cp>[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Uzbekistan.pdf Uzbekistan country profile]. [[Library of Congress]] [[Federal Research Division]] (February 2007). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[public domain]].''</ref> In the following years, improvements have been made to the surface transport network including the construction of the [[Tashkent–Samarkand high-speed rail line]].

==Railways==
{{main|Rail transport in Uzbekistan}}
As of March 2017, the total length of Uzbekistan's main railway network is {{convert|4669|km}}, of which {{convert|2446|km|abbr=on}} is electrified.<ref>[https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-documents/48025/48025-003-rrp-en.pdf Asian Development Bank website]</ref>

==Highways==
[[File:M39 Highway in Uzbekistan near Jomboy.jpg|thumb|M39 Highway in Uzbekistan, near [[Jomboy, Uzbekistan|Jomboy]]]]
As of 2005, Uzbekistan had {{convert|84400|km|abbr=on}} of [[roads]], about {{convert|72000|km|abbr=on}} of which were paved. The road infrastructure is deteriorating, particularly outside of Tashkent. No significant [[highway]] projects were underway in 2006. In the early 2000s, U.S. engineers improved some roads around the port of [[Termez]] to facilitate movement of humanitarian supplies to [[Afghanistan]]. Uzbekistan is a member country of the [[United Nations’ Asian Highway Network]], and several national roads are designated as part of the network.<ref name=cp/>

There are some parts of the roads considered as [[freeway]]s, although mostly in a state of complete neglect and disrepair since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The ring road around [[Tashkent]] is about {{convert|70|km|abbr=on}} long, and completely multilaned, although it lacks a carriageway separation in most sections. 

The M39 Highway, connecting [[Tashkent]] and [[Samarkand]] is a 4-laned road in some {{convert|300|km|abbr=on}} of its length, although poorly maintained and without carriageway separation in most of its length. In January, 2017, the Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan governments made an agreement to reopen the {{convert|65|km|abbr=on}} section of this highway which passed through Kazakhstan that had been closed for ten years, avoiding the detour via [[Guliston]].<ref>[https://astanatimes.com/2017/01/kazakhstan-uzbekistan-to-reopen-section-of-m-39-highway-in-february/ Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan to Reopen Section of M-39 Highway in February (The Astana Times, January 10, 2017)]</ref> The M37 Highway starts from [[Samarkand]], reaching west to the [[Turkmenistan|Turkmen]] border, via [[Navoiy]] and [[Bukhara]]. The A373 Highway starts from Tashkent, going east through [[Kokand]] of [[Fergana Region]], and ends at the [[Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyz]] border.

In September 2019, The [[Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank]] proposed the Bukhara Road Network Improvement Project to improve the multiple assets of cross-border roads in Bukhara and the road networks in Karakalpakstan and Khorezm regions. The project finances were approved in June of 2020 and has been estimated to take 214.7 million USD. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=January 26, 2021 |title=Uzbekistan Bukhara Road Network Improvement Project (Phase 1) |url=https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/_download/Uzbekistan/AIIB_Uzbekistan-BRNIP-PSI-20200607-update-Jan-26-2021-borrower-contact.pdf |journal=Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank}}</ref>

==Ports and waterways==
Double landlocked Uzbekistan has no seaports. Its main river port is [[Termez]] on the [[Amu Darya]] river. Although Termez lacks modern facilities and has a shortage of spare parts, activity there has increased as conditions in neighboring Afghanistan have stabilized. Termez has been an important transfer point for humanitarian supplies entering Afghanistan.<ref name=cp/>

Uzbekistan has {{convert|1100|km|abbr=on}} of inland waterways. Since the mid-1990s, commercial travel on Uzbekistan's portion of the Amu Darya has been reduced because of low water levels.<ref name=cp/>

==Pipelines==
As of 2010, Uzbekistan had {{convert|10253|km|abbr=on}} of natural gas pipelines, {{convert|868|km|abbr=on}} of oil pipelines, and {{convert|33|km|abbr=on}} of pipelines for refined products.<ref name=cp/>

==Airports==
As of 2012, Uzbekistan has [[List of airports in Uzbekistan|53 airports]].  33 of them have paved [[runways]], six of which had runways longer than {{convert|3000|m|abbr=on}}. The largest of them, [[Tashkent International Airport]], is linked with European and Middle Eastern cities by direct flights of [[Aeroflot]], [[Lufthansa]], and [[Turkish Airlines]], and with [[New York City|New York]] and [[Los Angeles]] via connecting flights through [[Moscow]]. The national airline, Uzbek Havo Yollari ([[Uzbekistan Airlines]]), flies mainly within the former Soviet Union.<ref name=cp/>
In August 2010, Hanjin Group, the parent of [[Korean Airlines]], opened a new cargo terminal at [[Navoi]], which will become a cargo hub with regular Incheon-Navoi-Milan flights.

==See also==
{{Portal|Transport|Railways| Road|Aviation}}
* [[North-South Transport Corridor]]
* [[Ashgabat agreement]], a [[Multimodal transport]] agreement signed by [[India]], [[Oman]], [[Iran]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uzbekistan]] and [[Kazakhstan]], for creating an [[Transport corridor|international transport and transit corridor]] facilitating transportation of goods between Central Asia and the Persian Gulf.<ref>[http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Hans-Classroom/2016-03-24/Ashgabat-Agreement/215932 The Hans India - India accedes to Ashgabat agreement]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Asia topic|Transport in}}
{{Asia in topic|Rail transport in}}

[[Category:Transport in Uzbekistan| ]]
==External links==
{{Commons category|Transport in Uzbekistan}}