Editing Transport in Argentina

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[[Image:Palacio de Hacienda (Ministerio de Economía).JPG|thumb|right|Headquarters of the [[Secretariat of Transport (Argentina)|Secretariat of Transport]] in [[Buenos Aires]]]]
[[Image:Carreteras_Duplas_de_Argentina_2020.jpg|thumb|right|[[Dual carriageway]] highways in Argentina, in red]]

'''[[Transport]] in [[Argentina]]''' is mainly based on a complex network of routes, crossed by relatively inexpensive long-distance [[bus]]es and by [[cargo]] trucks. The country also has a number of national and international [[airport]]s. The importance of the long-distance [[train]] is minor today, though in the past it was widely used and is now regaining momentum after the [[Rail transport in Argentina#Re-nationalisation|re-nationalisation]] of the country's commuter and freight networks.<ref>[http://wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com.ar/2015/03/se-instruye-la-sociedad-operadora.html Se instruye a la sociedad Operadora Ferroviaria Sociedad del Estado para que instrumente las medidas necesarias a los efectos de rescindir los Acuerdos de Operación] ''Crónica Ferroviaria'' March, 2015</ref><ref>[http://wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com.ar/2015/03/el-ferrocarril-de-carga-debe-ser-el-eje.html  "El ferrocarril de carga debe ser el eje del transporte en Argentina"] ''Crónica Ferroviaria'' March, 2015</ref> [[Inland navigation|Fluvial]] transport is mostly used for cargo.

Within the urban areas, the main transportation system is by the bus or ''[[colectivo]]''; bus lines transport millions of people every day in the larger cities and their [[metropolitan area]]s as well as a [[bus rapid transport]] system known as [[Metrobus (Buenos Aires)|Metrobus]]. [[Buenos Aires]] additionally has an [[Buenos Aires Underground|underground]], the only one in the country, and [[Greater Buenos Aires]] is serviced by a system of [[Rail transport in Argentina#Commuter network|suburban trains]].

== Public transportation ==
[[File:Buenos Aires Metrobus Av 9 Julio 2.jpg|thumb|A [[Metrobus 9 de Julio]] station in central Buenos Aires.]]

A majority of people use [[public transport]] rather than personal cars to move around in the cities, especially in common business hours, since parking can be both difficult and expensive{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}}. Cycling is becoming increasingly common in big cities as a result of a growing network of cycling lanes in cities like Buenos Aires and [[Rosario]].<ref>[http://blogs.worldbank.org/latinamerica/es/el-sistema-mas-humano-de-bicicletas-compartidas-esta-en-buenos-aires El sistema más humano de bicicletas compartidas está en Buenos Aires] '''World Bank''', July 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.rosario.gov.ar/sitio/deporte/calle_recreativa1.jsp Cambiá el aire! Calle Recreativa] '''Municipalidad de Rosario'''</ref>

=== Bus ===

The ''[[Colectivo]]'' (urban bus) cover the cities with numerous lines. Fares might be fixed for the whole city, or they might depend on the destination. ''Colectivos'' often cross municipal borders into the corresponding metropolitan areas. In some cases there are ''diferenciales'' (special services) which are faster, and notably more expensive. Bus lines in a given city might be run by different private companies and/or by the municipal state, and they might be painted in different colours for easier identification. The city of Buenos Aires has in recent years been expanding its [[Metrobus (Buenos Aires)|Metrobus]] BRT system to complement its existing [[Buenos Aires Underground|Underground]] network and it is estimated that, along with other measures, it will increase the city's use of public transport by 30 percent.<ref>[http://www.buenosairesherald.com/article/138441/metrobus-south-opens-23km-added-to-city-bus-network Metrobus South opens, 23km added to City bus network] '''Buenos Aires Herald''', August 2014.</ref>

=== Taxi ===
[[File:Galerías PacíficoP1010099.jpg|thumb|Taxis are plentiful in all the larger cities.]]
Taxis are very common and relatively accessible price-wise. They have different colours and fares in different cities, though a highly contrasted black-and-yellow design is common to the largest conurbations. Call-taxi companies (''radio-taxis'') are very common, while the ''remisse'' is another form of hired transport: they are very much like call-taxis, but do not share a common design, and trip fares are agreed beforehand instead of using the meter.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Argentina-Buenos-Aires-getting-around-taxis-buses-trains-public-transport|url = http://travel-tourist-information-guide.com/Argentina-Buenos-Aires-getting-around-taxis-buses-trains-public-transport|website = travel-tourist-information-guide.com|access-date = 2015-10-11|archive-date = 2018-08-21|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180821093919/http://travel-tourist-information-guide.com/Argentina-Buenos-Aires-getting-around-taxis-buses-trains-public-transport|url-status = dead}}</ref> Although, there are often fixed prices for common destinations.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}}

=== Commuter rail ===
[[File:Ferrocarril Mitre EMUs at Retiro.jpg|thumb|[[CSR EMU (Argentina)|CSR trains]] operated by [[Trenes Argentinos]] at [[Retiro railway station]].]]
{{main|Rail transport in Argentina#Commuter networks}}
[[Regional rail|Suburban trains]] connect [[Buenos Aires]] city with the [[Greater Buenos Aires]] area, ''(see: [[Rail transport in Argentina#Commuter network|Buenos Aires commuter rail network]])''. Every weekday, more than 1.4 million people [[commuting|commute]] to the Argentine capital for work and other business.<ref>[http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/los-detalles-de-un-obra-impactante Detalles del proyecto para conectar todos los ferrocarriles urbanos debajo del Obelisco] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612111257/http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/los-detalles-de-un-obra-impactante |date=2015-06-12 }} - Buenos Aires Ciudad, 12 May 2015.</ref> These suburban trains work between 4 AM and 1 AM. The busiest lines are electric, several are diesel powered, while some of these are currently being electrified, while the rolling stock is being replaced across the city.<ref>[http://espanol.cntv.cn/2014/11/24/VIDE1416800044905189.shtml Red ferroviaria argentina se moderniza con trenes chinos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402124422/http://espanol.cntv.cn/2014/11/24/VIDE1416800044905189.shtml |date=2015-04-02 }} '''CCTV''', November 2014</ref> Until recently, [[Trenes de Buenos Aires]], [[Unidad de Gestión Operativa Ferroviaria de Emergencia|UGOFE]], [[Ferrovías]] and [[Metrovías]] were some of the private companies which provided suburban passenger services in the Buenos Aires metropolitan area. However, with the modernisation and re-nationalisation of these services, many of these companies have had their contracts terminated or have been absorbed into [[Trenes Argentinos]] (the state railway operator), though as of 2015 some private operators such as Metrovías ([[Urquiza Line]]) do remain.<ref>[http://wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com.ar/2015/03/se-instruye-la-sociedad-operadora.html Se instruye a la sociedad Operadora Ferroviaria Sociedad del Estado para que instrumente las medidas necesarias a los efectos de rescindir los Acuerdos de Operación] '''Crónica Ferroviaria''', March 2015</ref>

Other cities in Argentina with a system of suburban trains include [[Resistencia, Chaco|Resistencia]], [[Paraná, Entre Ríos|Paraná]] and [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]], which is home to the [[Metrotranvía Mendoza]] - an urban [[light rail]] network.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sateliteferroviario.com.ar/horarios/local_parana.htm|title=Tren local Paraná - Oro Verde - Cnia. Avellaneda ::: SATELITE FERROVIARIO|website=www.sateliteferroviario.com.ar|access-date=2015-03-17|archive-date=2018-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917131637/http://www.sateliteferroviario.com.ar/horarios/local_parana.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> A commuter rail network for [[Córdoba, Argentina|Córdoba]] is planned to complement the existing [[Tren de las Sierras]] which currently runs through the city and to nearby towns and villages.<ref>[http://impulsonegocios.com/contenidos/2013/07/02/Editorial_26140.php Buscan reflotar el proyecto de tren urbano en la ciudad de Córdoba] '''Impulso''', July 2013.</ref>

=== Underground Subway ===
{{main|Buenos Aires Underground}}
[[File:Bolivar de noche.jpg|thumb|left|Entrance to a [[Buenos Aires Underground]] station.]]

As of 2015, Buenos Aires is the only Argentine city with an underground [[Rapid transit|metro system]], nonetheless there is a project to build a system in the city of [[Córdoba, Argentina|Córdoba]] ([[Córdoba Metro]]) making it the second underground system in Argentina.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www2.lavoz.com.ar/07/12/15/secciones/grancordoba/nota.asp?nota_id=144390 |title=El municipio empieza a estudiar la factibilidad de un subte en Córdoba |newspaper=LaVoz.com.ar |language=es |trans-title=The municipality begins to study the feasibility of a subway in Cordoba |date=15 December 2007 |access-date=2014-04-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120629220738/http://www2.lavoz.com.ar/07/12/15/secciones/grancordoba/nota.asp?nota_id=144390 |archive-date=29 June 2012 }}</ref> The [[Buenos Aires Underground]] (Subterráneo de Buenos Aires) has currently six lines, each labelled with a letter from A to H, though 3 more lines are planned.<ref>[http://enelsubte.com/noticias/confirman-proyecto-para-desviar-la-linea-f-a-facultad-de-derecho/ Confirman proyecto para desviar la línea F a Facultad de Derecho] - EnElSubte, 25 November 2014.</ref><ref>[http://enelsubte.com/noticias/cancelaron-las-negociaciones-los-chinos-la-linea-g-1733/ Cancelaron las negociaciones con los chinos por la línea G] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518105805/http://enelsubte.com/noticias/cancelaron-las-negociaciones-los-chinos-la-linea-g-1733/ |date=2015-05-18 }} - 24 January 2012</ref><ref>[http://enelsubte.com/noticias/bodart-el-metrobus-como-reemplazo-de-la-linea-i-es-una-estafa-transversal/ Bodart: El Metrobús como reemplazo de la línea I es "una estafa transversal"] - EnElSubte, 16 April 2015.</ref>  A modern tram line ([[PreMetro E2 (Buenos Aires)|PreMetro]]) line E2 works as a feeder to [[Line E (Buenos Aires Underground)|Underground Line E]] at their outer terminus as well as the [[Urquiza Line]] for [[Line B (Buenos Aires Underground)|Underground Line B]] in [[Chacarita, Buenos Aires|Chacarita]]. Daily ridership is 1.3 million and on the increase. Most of the lines of the Buenos Aires Undergrounds connect the city centre (Micro-centro) with areas in the outskirts of the city proper, though none go outside the city limits to [[Greater Buenos Aires]].

In recent years, the Underground has seen a gradual expansion, with lines H, B and A seeing extensions. As of 2015, the extension of lines E and H are under construction, with work commenced on the new line F and two additional lines (G and I) planned.<ref>[http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/subte/planes-e-inversiones/plan-de-expansion Plan de Expansion] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502172802/http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/subte/planes-e-inversiones/plan-de-expansion |date=2015-05-02 }} '''Buenos Aires Ciudad'''</ref> Similarly, the rolling stock has been gradually replaced in recent years and there are further plans to modernise.<ref>[http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/subte/planes-e-inversiones/plan-de-material-rodante Plan De Material Rodante] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504034126/http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/subte/planes-e-inversiones/plan-de-material-rodante |date=2015-05-04 }} '''Buenos Aires Ciudad'''</ref>

=== Tram ===
{{See also|Trams in Buenos Aires}}
[[File:(Parador Mendoza) Siemens–Duewag U2 ingresando a estacion (6).JPG|thumb|A tram in Mendoza]]
[[Tram]]s (streetcars), once common, were retired as a form of public transport in the 1960s but are now in the stages of a slow comeback.
In 1987 a modern [[PreMetro E2 (Buenos Aires)|tram line]] was opened as a feeder for the underground system. A modern [[light rail]] line between the Bartolomé Mitre suburban railway station and Tigre (''[[Tren de la Costa]]'') inaugurated in 1996 operates in the northern suburbs. A 2-kilometre tram known as the [[Tranvía del Este]] (Eastern Tram) was inaugurated 2007 in the [[Puerto Madero]] district of Buenos Aires using loaned French [[Alstom Citadis]] trams,<ref>[http://www.lanacion.com.ar/979883-francia-quiere-una-red-de-tranvias-en-buenos-aires Francia quiere una red de tranvías en Buenos Aires] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416024829/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/979883-francia-quiere-una-red-de-tranvias-en-buenos-aires |date=2015-04-16 }} - La Nacion, 18 January 2008.</ref> but plans for its extension never came to fruition, and declining patronage led the line's closure in 2012.

Trams were once extremely common in Buenos Aires, with the city having a large 875&nbsp;km [[Trams in Buenos Aires|tramway network]] and the largest tramway-to-population ratio the world, which gained it notoriety as "the city of trams" across the world.<ref name="DonRoss">{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20151208120410/http://donsdepot.donrossgroup.net/dr711.htm Trams Of Argentina]}} - Don Ross Group, 7 November 2014.</ref><ref name="elarcadigital">[http://www.elarcadigital.com.ar/modules/revistadigital/articulo.php?id=651 Historia del tranvía en Buenos Aires] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20150410144246/http://www.elarcadigital.com.ar/modules/revistadigital/articulo.php?id=651 |date=2015-04-10 }} - Revista Digital ead</ref><ref name="El Diario">[http://www.eldiario.es/viajarahora/viaje-historia-ciudad-viejo-Tramway-tranvia-Caballito-Buenos-Aires-Horario-recorrido-telefono-mail-parada-subte-colectivo-transporte-gratis-viajar-guia-barrio-restaurantes-comer-barato_0_368863117.html Un viaje por la historia de la ciudad en el viejo Tramway] - ElDiario.es, 21 March 2015.</ref> The first trams began operating in the 1860s, however by the 1960s the network was dismantled and replaced by buses.<ref>[http://www.busarg.com.ar/agosto06/modelos_leyland.htm Leyland Urbanos en los '60.] - BusARG</ref><ref name="AAT">[http://www.tranvia.org.ar/tranvias/ciudaddebsas.htm APUNTES SOBRE LA HISTORIA DEL TRANVÍA EN BUENOS AIRES] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728175332/http://www.tranvia.org.ar/tranvias/ciudaddebsas.htm |date=2013-07-28 }} - Biblioteca Popular Federico Lacroze</ref> There is a [[Trams in Buenos Aires#Heritage Tramway|Heritage Tramway]] maintained by enthusiasts that operates a large collection of vintage trams on weekends, near the [[Primera Junta (Buenos Aires Underground)|Primera Junta]] [[Line A (Buenos Aires Underground)|Underground Line A]] station in the [[Caballito]] neighbourhood.<ref>[http://enelsubte.com/noticias/la-aat-celebra-un-festival-los-150-anos-del-tranvia-2715/ La AAT celebra con un festival los 150 años del tranvía] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518105452/http://enelsubte.com/noticias/la-aat-celebra-un-festival-los-150-anos-del-tranvia-2715/ |date=2015-05-18 }} - EnElSubte, 12 July 2013</ref>

The city of [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]] also has its own tram system called the [[Metrotranvía Mendoza]] which has 16 stations and connects the city with its conurbation. Other Argentine cities with tram systems are [[Paraná, Entre Ríos|Paraná]] and [[La Plata]], both using the nationally built [[TecnoTren]] [[railbus]]es. The city of [[Santiago del Estero]] is constructing an elevated light rail system to connect itself with its metropolitan area. [[Trolleybus]]es are operated in [[Trolleybuses in Córdoba|Córdoba]], [[Trolleybuses in Mendoza|Mendoza]] and [[Trolleybuses in Rosario|Rosario]].

== Road transport ==
{{See also|List of highways in Argentina}}

[[Image:Avenida General Paz entre Cabildo y Panamericana.jpg|thumb|The [[Avenida General Paz]] beltway freeway was first opened to the public in 1941.]]

Since Argentina is almost 4,000 kilometres long and more than 1,000&nbsp;km wide, long distance transportation is of great importance. Several toll expressways spread out from [[Buenos Aires]], serving nearly half the nation's population.  The majority of Argentine roads, however, are two-lane national and provincial routes and, though they are spread throughout the country, less than a third of Argentina's 230,000&nbsp;km (145,000&nbsp;mi)<ref name=adefa>{{cite web|url=http://www.adefa.com.ar/anuarios/anuario_2007/fscommand/complementary_data.pdf|title=ADEFA|website=adefa.com.ar}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref> of roads are currently paved.

Though, by 1929, Argentina was already home to over 400,000 vehicles,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cocheargentino.com.ar/varios/cronologia.htm|title=Coche Argentino - Cronología|website=cocheargentino.com.ar|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029041831/http://www.cocheargentino.com.ar/varios/cronologia.htm|archive-date=2008-10-29}}</ref><ref>The World Almanac (1929), p.327.</ref> virtually all long-distance travel was done on the nation's vast railways.  Argentina, then, lacked a road-building program until 1932, when the National Highway Directorate was established.  Paid for at first with an excise tax on gasoline, the bureau could claim some important accomplishments, like the 1951 opening of the 200&nbsp;km [[Santa Fe, Argentina|Santa Fe]]-[[Rosario]] expressway.

Argentina is home to around 9.2 million registered cars, trucks and buses;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnrpa.gov.ar/bolesta1/boletin1021/pagina11.htm|title=DNRPA|website=gov.ar|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090124191729/http://www.dnrpa.gov.ar/bolesta1/boletin1021/pagina11.htm|archive-date=2009-01-24}}</ref> on a per capita basis, it has long had Latin America's widest accessibility to motor vehicles.<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year, Statistical Appendix; various editions since 1948.</ref> Left-lane drivers until 1945, Argentine motorists have since been driving on the right-hand side. The [[Vehicle registration plates of Argentina]] are based on a three letters-three numbers per car (with the exception of some trucks) system.

Expressways have been recently doubled in length (to nearly)<ref name=sanluis>http://www.grupopayne.com.ar/archivo/01/0112/011211/institucionales/institucionales{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. html</ref> and now link most (though not all) important cities.  The most important of these is probably the [[Panamerican Highway|Panamerican]] [[National Route 9 (Argentina)|National Route 9]] Buenos Aires – [[Rosario]] – [[Córdoba, Argentina|Córdoba]] freeway. The longest continuous highways are [[national Route 40 (Argentina)|National Route 40]], a 5000-km stretch along the [[Andes]] range and the 3000-km sea-side trunk road [[National Route 3 (Argentina)|National Route 3]], running from [[Buenos Aires]] to [[Ushuaia]].

=== Long distance buses ===

Argentine long distance buses are fast, affordable and comfortable; they have become the primary means of long-distance travel since [[Railway privatisation in Argentina|railway privatisations]] in the early 1990s greatly downsized Argentina's passenger rail service and plane tickets are more expensive. Competing providers differ little on their time-honoured formula, offering three different services regarding the number of stops and type of seats: the ''Regular'', ''Semi-cama'' (semi-bed), and ''Cama'' (bed), with ''Cama'' being similar to an airline's [[business class]] but the names vary. They may also be called ''Ejecutivo'', ''Cama-vip'', ''Cama-suite'' and some other names. Some services, usually the ones that are more expensive, have also on-board dining, while others stop at restaurants by the road. Long and middle-distance buses cover almost all paved-accessible cities, towns and villages.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}

== Rail transport ==
{{main|Rail transport in Argentina}}

=== Long-distance passenger services ===
[[File:CNR en Mar del Plata 2.jpg|thumb|One of the new long-distance [[CNR CKD8]] locomotives which began operation in 2014.]]
Services on Argentina's passenger railway system, once extensive and prosperous, were greatly reduced in 1993 following the break-up of [[Ferrocarriles Argentinos]] (FA), the state railway corporation.<ref>[http://www.railwaygazette.com/news_view/article/2007/08/7661/argentina_sets_a_new_course.html Argentina sets a new course] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023213711/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news_view/article/2007/08/7661/argentina_sets_a_new_course.html |date=2007-10-23 }}. ''[[Railway Gazette International]]'' August 2007.</ref> Despite the decline of the railway under privatisation, Argentina still maintains the 8th largest rail network in the world, with 36,966&nbsp;km of track.<ref name="CIA World Factbook - Argentina">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/colombia/|title=CIA World Factbook - Argentina|website=cia.gov|access-date=2015-03-18}}</ref>

Following the break-up, however, several [[Railway Privatisation in Argentina|private and provincial railway companies]] had been created and resurrected some of the major passenger trains that FA once operated, albeit with far more limited services than under state administration. [[Trenes de Buenos Aires]], [[Ferrocentral]], [[Ferrobaires]], and [[Servicios Ferroviarios Patagónico|Tren Patagónico]] were some of the private companies that managed Argentina's long distance passenger rail network in this period.

More recently, the government has begun nationalising some of these private companies or simply not renewing their contracts, while at the same time, the state-owned [[Operadora Ferroviaria Sociedad del Estado|Trenes Argentinos]] began re-opening services and improving on the once private services using completely new rolling stock, including services from Buenos Aires to [[Mar del Plata]] and Buenos Aires-Rosario-Cordoba.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com.ar/2015/03/randazzo-estamos-saldando-una-deuda-con.html|title=CRÓNICA FERROVIARIA: Randazzo: "Estamos saldando una deuda con las ciudades del interior del país"|first=Carlos Alberto|last=Salgado|date=10 March 2015|website=wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com.ar}}</ref><ref>[http://enelsubte.com/noticias/exitosa-prueba-en-la-renovada-via-a-rosario/ Exitosa prueba en la renovada vía a Rosario] '''EnElSubte.com''', March 2015</ref> In many cases, the [[Government of Argentina|Argentine Government]] has completely replaced, or is in the process of replacing, the existing infrastructure with [[Track (rail transport)#Continuous welded rail|continuous welded rails]] on concrete sleepers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com.ar/2015/03/en-tren-de-buenos-aires-cordoba-36.html|title=CRÓNICA FERROVIARIA: En tren, de Buenos Aires a Córdoba a 36 kilómetros por hora|first=Carlos Alberto|last=Salgado|date=11 March 2015|website=wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com.ar}}</ref><ref>[http://enelsubte.com/noticias/rescinden-contratos-a-privados-y-vuelve-ferrocarriles-argentinos/ Rescinden contratos a privados y vuelve Ferrocarriles Argentinos] '''EnElSubte.com''', March 2015</ref>

The national government's official stance on rail transport is to re-open all lines that ceased operation following the privatisation in the 1990s.<ref>[http://mininterior.gov.ar/prensa/prensa.php?i=3504 Randazzo arribó en el tren 0km que unió por primera vez Buenos Aires con Rosario y confirmó que "el 1 de abril comenzará a prestar servicio regular"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315040305/http://mininterior.gov.ar/prensa/prensa.php?i=3504 |date=2015-03-15 }} '''Ministerio del Interior y Transporte''', March 2015</ref> In April 2015, by overwhelming majority the [[Argentine Senate]] passed a law which re-created [[Ferrocarriles Argentinos]] as [[Nuevos Ferrocarriles Argentinos]], effectively re-nationalising the country's railways, a move which saw support from all political parties on both sides of the political spectrum.<ref>[http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/economia/2-270658-2015-04-16.html Otro salto en la recuperación de soberanía] - Pagina/12, 16 April 2015</ref><ref>[http://enelsubte.com/noticias/es-ley-la-creacion-de-ferrocarriles-argentinos/ Es ley la creación de Ferrocarriles Argentinos] - EnElSubte, 15 April 2015</ref><ref>[http://prensa.argentina.ar/2015/04/15/57505-ferrocarriles-argentinos-randazzo-agradecio-a-la-oposicion-parlamentaria-por-acompanar-en-su-recuperacion.php Ferrocarriles Argentinos: Randazzo agradeció a la oposición parlamentaria por acompañar en su recuperación] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416184115/http://prensa.argentina.ar/2015/04/15/57505-ferrocarriles-argentinos-randazzo-agradecio-a-la-oposicion-parlamentaria-por-acompanar-en-su-recuperacion.php |date=2015-04-16 }} - Sala de Prensa de la Republica Argentina, 15 April 2015</ref>

=== High-speed rail ===
{{main|Buenos Aires–Rosario–Córdoba high-speed railway}}

A [[high-speed rail]] line between Buenos Aires, Rosario and Córdoba with speeds up to 320&nbsp;km/h is in the design stages. Construction was supposed to begin by early 2009 for the first segment to Rosario.

In 2007 bids were called for a turnkey contract for a second high speed line, linking [[Buenos Aires]] and [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Mendoza bids |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news_view/article/2007/08/7688/mendoza_bids.html |work=[[Railway Gazette International]] |date=2007-08-23 |access-date=2008-01-21 |archive-date=2008-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317010642/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news_view/article/2007/08/7688/mendoza_bids.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In February 2008 national government announced another call for bid, this time for construction of a high speed train linking [[Buenos Aires]] and [[Mar del Plata]]; [[Buenos Aires-Rosario-Córdoba high-speed railway#The Mar del Plata connection|The Mar del Plata TAVe]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Bullet train for Mar del plata |url=http://www.clarin.com/diario/2008/02/08/elpais/p-01504.htm |date=2008-08-02 |access-date=2008-02-15 |archive-date=2008-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080211173735/http://www.clarin.com/diario/2008/02/08/elpais/p-01504.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[[International Railway Journal|IRJ]], September 2007, p524</ref> As of 2015, the project remains suspended.

=== Freight service ===
[[File:Patio Parada Rosario 7.jpg|thumb|[[Nuevo Central Argentino]] freight trains in [[Rosario, Argentina|Rosario]].]]
Over 25 million tonnes of freight were transported by rail in 2007.<ref>http://www.mecon.gov.ar/actividad_ied.xls{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref> Currently, five carriers operate freight rail services in Argentina:

* [[Nuevo Central Argentino]]
* [[Ferroexpreso Pampeano]]
* [[Ferrosur Roca]]
* [[América Latina Logística]]
* [[Belgrano Cargas]] (Now owned by the Argentine Government under [[Ferrocarriles Argentinos (2015)]])

The government began refurbishing and investing heavily in the country's freight network from 2014, beginning with the re-nationalisation of the [[Belgrano Cargas]] freight operator.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com/2014/05/recuperacion-del-belgrano-cargas-y.html|title=CRÓNICA FERROVIARIA: Recuperación del Belgrano Cargas y Logística S.A.|first=Carlos Alberto|last=Salgado|date=11 May 2014|website=wwwcronicaferroviaria.blogspot.com}}</ref> Further investment of US$2.5 billion has been agreed with [[China]] in an effort to improve freight capacity throughout Argentina and refurbish ageing track segments.<ref>[http://www.cronicadelnoa.com.ar/china-invertira-us-2-470-millones-en-el-ffcc-belgrano-cargas/ China invertirá u$s 2.470 millones en el FFCC Belgrano Cargas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113230/http://www.cronicadelnoa.com.ar/china-invertira-us-2-470-millones-en-el-ffcc-belgrano-cargas/ |date=2015-04-02 }} '''Cronica del NOA'''</ref> Through this investment, the government ordered 1000 freight wagons from Argentine state-owned company [[Fabricaciones Militares]], while the deal with China included the purchase of 100 locomotives and 3,500 carriages from the country.<ref>[http://www.fab-militares.gov.ar/fabricaciones-militares-construira-mas-de-1000-vagones-para-el-belgrano-cargas/ Fabricaciones Militares construirá más de 1000 vagones para el Belgrano Cargas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150509151743/http://www.fab-militares.gov.ar/fabricaciones-militares-construira-mas-de-1000-vagones-para-el-belgrano-cargas/ |date=2015-05-09 }} - Fabricaciones Militares</ref><ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20240111163822/https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201502/95096-belgrano-cargas-renovacion-financiamiento-chino.html Avanza la renovación del Belgrano Cargas con financiamiento chino] - Telam, 14 February 2015.</ref> This investment was doubled to US$4.8 billion in September 2015.<ref>[http://enelsubte.com/noticias/duplicaran-el-credito-chino-para-cargas-invertiran-mas-de-4800-millones-de-usd/ Duplicarán el crédito chino para cargas: invertirán más de 4800 millones de USD] - EnElSubte, 14 September 2015.</ref>

A map of the existing freight network in Argentina (as of 2014) can be found here [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125555/http://www.bcyl.com.ar/archivos/paginas/182/Red%20Trenes%20Argentinos%20Cargas%20y%20Logistica%20Actualizado%20Sept.%20%282%29.jpg].

=== Tourist railways ===
[[Image:LaTrochita04HaciaNahuelPanGirando.jpg|thumb|View from the [[La Trochita|Old Patagonian Express]].]]
A number of [[steam locomotive|steam powered]] [[heritage railway]]s (tourist trains) are in operation; [[La Trochita|the Old Patagonian Express]] (locally known as "La Trochita") in [[Patagonia]], the Train of the End of the World ([[Southern Fuegian Railway]]) in [[Ushuaia]], Tierra del Fuego and a short run Tren Histórico de [[San Carlos de Bariloche|Bariloche]].

A diesel-electric [[Tren a las Nubes]] in the province of [[Salta Province|Salta]] runs from the city of [[Salta]] to San Antonio de los Cobres. The national government had closed the line after nationalising it in order to restore the tracks, however it returned to service in March, 2015 with refurbished rolling stock and rails under the operation of [[Trenes Argentinos]].<ref name=reopening>[http://turismo.perfil.com/42431-el-tren-mas-famoso-del-pais-vuelve-a-las-nubes/ "El tren más famoso del país vuelve a las nubes"], ''Perfil'', 1 Apr 2015</ref><ref>[http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1781861-despues-de-ocho-meses-volvio-el-tren-a-las-nubes Después de ocho meses, volvió el Tren a las Nubes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123183021/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1781861-despues-de-ocho-meses-volvio-el-tren-a-las-nubes |date=2016-01-23 }} - La Nacion, 05 April 2015</ref>

The [[Tren de las Sierras]], as well as linking together parts of the centre of the city of Córdoba, also functions as a tourist railway along the [[Sierras de Córdoba]] foothills.<ref>[http://www.lmcordoba.com.ar/nota/198292_se-reactivo-el-tren-de-las-sierras-desde-alta-cordoba "Se reactivó el Tren de las Sierras desde Alta Córdoba"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717095311/http://www.lmcordoba.com.ar/nota/198292_se-reactivo-el-tren-de-las-sierras-desde-alta-cordoba |date=2015-07-17 }}, ''La Mañana'', 17 Mar 2015</ref><ref>[http://mininterior.gov.ar/prensa/prensa.php?i=3553 "Randazzo recibió el tren que vuelve a unir Alta Córdoba con Cosquín"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505121236/http://mininterior.gov.ar/prensa/prensa.php?i=3553 |date=2015-05-05 }}, ''Ministerio del Interior y Trasporte'', 17 Mar, 2015</ref>

=== International rail links to adjacent countries ===
* {{Flag icon|Bolivia}} [[Rail transport in Bolivia|Bolivia]] - {{RailGauge|1000mm}} gauge both countries. Two rail connections between ([[Villazón]],  Bolivia - [[La Quiaca]], Argentina) and ([[Yacuiba]], Bolivia - [[Salvador Mazza]], Argentina).   
* {{Flag icon|Brazil}} [[Rail transport in Brazil|Brazil]] - [[break of gauge]], {{RailGauge|1435mm}} gauge in Argentina and {{RailGauge|1000mm}} gauge in Brazil. Bridge over [[Uruguay River]] linking [[Paso de los Libres]] (Argentina) and [[Uruguaiana]] (Brazil).
* {{Flag icon|Chile}} [[Rail transport in Chile|Chile]] - [[South Trans-Andean Railway]] link between [[Zapala]], Argentina and [[Lonquimay]], Chile. {{RailGauge|1676mm}} gauge in both countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iadb.org/biz/ppt/092305tuliod.pdf|title=Initiative for Regional Infrastructure Integration in South America|website=iadb.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070628071653/http://www.iadb.org/biz/ppt/092305tuliod.pdf|archive-date=2007-06-28}}</ref>
* {{Flag icon|Chile}} [[Rail transport in Chile|Chile]] - [[Transandine Railway]] between [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]] and [[Los Andes, Chile|Santa Rosa de Los Andes]], now defunct, but under reconstruction.<ref>[http://www.seconstruye.com/webnoticia/asp/interior.asp?id=17067 En julio se licitará tren Los Andes - Mendoza] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310140626/http://www.seconstruye.com/webnoticia/asp/interior.asp?id=17067 |date=2007-03-10 }} Retrieved on 26 May 2008 (Spanish)</ref> This [[mountain railway]] of {{RailGauge|1000mm}} gauge with [[Rack railway#Abt|rack railway]] sections had a [[break of gauge]] {{RailGauge|5ft6in}}/{{RailGauge|1000mm}} at either end.
* {{Flag icon|Chile}} [[Rail transport in Chile|Chile]] - [[Salta–Antofagasta railway]], single {{RailGauge|1000mm}} gauge linking [[Salta]] to [[Antofagasta]]. The ''[[Tren a las Nubes]]'' is a tourist service running for 217&nbsp;km on the Argentine side. 
* {{Flag icon|Paraguay}} [[Rail transport in Paraguay|Paraguay]] - [[Posadas-Encarnacion International Train|Posadas-Encarnación]] {{RailGauge|1435mm}} gauge both countries, service began in 2014.
* {{Flag icon|Uruguay}} [[Rail transport in Uruguay|Uruguay]] - [[Tren de los Pueblos Libres]] {{RailGauge|1435mm}} in both countries, a short-lived service made to re-open the once closed link. It ceased operation after all concessions to the private company [[Trenes de Buenos Aires|TBA]] were revoked following the [[Once Tragedy]].

==== New International link proposed ====

A modern railway connection in order to replace the now-defunct [[Transandine Railway]] between Argentina and Chile has been proposed and is currently in the planning stages with support from an international consortium of companies. The rail link will carry both passengers and freight through the [[Andes]], linking the cities of Buenos Aires and [[Santiago de Chile]]. The link would also service Argentina's vast [[Vaca Muerta|oil fields]].<ref>[http://radio.uchile.cl/2014/05/21/corredor-bioceanico-aconcagua-un-proyecto-que-unira-los-puertos-del-atlantico-y-el-pacifico Corredor Bioceánico: proyecto que unirá puertos del Atlántico y Pacífico] '''DiarioUChile''', May 2014</ref><ref>[http://www.mdzol.com/nota/532999-tren-trasandino-las-vias-que-quieren-despertar/ Tren Trasandino: Las vías que quieren despertar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201202117/http://www.mdzol.com/nota/532999-tren-trasandino-las-vias-que-quieren-despertar |date=2018-02-01 }} '''MDZ Online''', May 2014</ref>

== Air travel ==
[[File:199 - Buenos Aires - Aéroport international Ezeiza - Janvier 2010.jpg|thumb|right|Buenos Aires's [[Ministro Pistarini International Airport]].]]
[[File:EZE LV-FNL 2.jpg|thumbnail|An [[Aerolíneas Argentinas]] [[Airbus A330|A330]] at Ezeiza.]]

Though traditionally more expensive when compared with the other means of transportation, [[air travel]] is becoming increasingly common due to more competitive prices. Every provincial capital has its own airport, and there are many others, particularly in tourist areas such as [[Bariloche]] and [[El Calafate]] (see [[list of airports in Argentina]]). Most companies have several daily flights to the most popular destinations, and daily or less frequent flights to other destinations. Since 2003, the Ministry of The Interior and Transport has overseen numerous construction works throughout the country's airports, ranging from the building of new terminals to extending the lengths of runways and improving radar systems.<ref>[http://obras.orsna.gov.ar/obra/ Obras Realizadas desde el 2003 hasta la actualidad] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402115427/http://obras.orsna.gov.ar/obra/ |date=2015-04-02 }} '''ORSNA'''</ref>

The national [[flag carrier]] is ''[[Aerolíneas Argentinas]]'', which was re-nationalised from [[Iberia (airline)|Iberia]] in 2008 with the government citing mismanagement under the Spanish firm.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7789371.stm Argentina renationalises airline], December 2008</ref> Under government ownership, the airline has renewed much of its fleet and tripled its size, with passenger numbers increasing significantly.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ww1.aerolineas.com.ar/arg/files/popupsPDF/informe.pdf |title=Informe Aerolíneas Argentinas |access-date=2015-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140807134416/http://ww1.aerolineas.com.ar/arg/files/popupsPDF/informe.pdf |archive-date=2014-08-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1775029-en-vivo-cristina-kirchner-presenta-junto-a-recalde-un-nuevo-avion-de-aerolineas Cristina Kirchner presentó un nuevo avión de Aerolíneas junto a Scioli, Randazzo y Recalde] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150313222851/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1775029-en-vivo-cristina-kirchner-presenta-junto-a-recalde-un-nuevo-avion-de-aerolineas |date=2015-03-13 }} La Nacion, March 2015</ref> Along with other international carriers, the airline handles most of its international flights from [[Ministro Pistarini International Airport]].

Even though Buenos Aires is the most important [[flight hub]], for both economical and geographical reasons, there are flights between important cities, such as [[Córdoba, Argentina|Córdoba]], [[Rosario]] and [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]].

Argentina had a total of 1,138 airports (including airstrips) in the country in 2013, the 6th highest in the world.<ref name="CIA World Factbook - Argentina"/>

== Fluvial transport ==
[[File:Francisco Dársena Norte - 01.jpg|thumb|right|Vessels such as this [[Buquebus]] one (seen here next to the Buenos Aires Yacht Club) serve as passenger and car transport from Buenos Aires to locations in Uruguay.]]

<!-- any other important fluvial line running? In Litoral? --><!-- also needs list of navigable rivers -->
[[Fluvial]] transport is not often used for people, with the exception of those who cross the [[Río de la Plata]] from Buenos Aires to [[Colonia del Sacramento]] and [[Montevideo]], both in [[Uruguay]]. Other services are exclusively used as river crossing, such as those in [[Tigre Partido|Tigre]].

River traffic is mostly made up of cargo, especially on the [[Paraná River]], which is navigable by very large ships ([[Panamax]] kind) downstream from the [[Greater Rosario]] area. This area produces and/or ships most of the agricultural [[export]]s of Argentina.

=== Merchant marine ===
{{Portal:Nautical/Fleet/Argentina}}

== Statistics ==

; Roadways<ref name="The World Factbook">[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/argentina/ The World Factbook]</ref>
* Total: 281,290&nbsp;km (2017)
: ''country comparison to the world: '' 21
* Paved: 117,616&nbsp;km (including 1,575&nbsp;km of expressways)<ref name=sanluis/>
* Unpaved: 163,674&nbsp;km

; [[Rail transport in Argentina|Railways]]<ref name="The World Factbook"/>
* 36,917&nbsp;km (2014)
: ''country comparison to the world: '' 6
* Passengers annually: 2 billion
* Freight: 26 million metric tons (2008)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indec.mecon.ar/nuevaweb/cuadros/14/esp_12_08.pdf|title=INDEC: servicios publicos|website=mecon.ar|access-date=2009-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226102929/http://www.indec.mecon.ar/nuevaweb/cuadros/14/esp_12_08.pdf|archive-date=2009-02-26|url-status=dead}}</ref>

; [[Waterway]]s

* 11,000&nbsp;km navigable (2012)

: ''country comparison to the world: '' 11
* Freight: 28 million metric tons<ref>''Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year'': World Data, Transport. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2005.</ref>

; [[Pipeline transport|Pipelines]]
* [[Crude oil]]: 6,248&nbsp;km
* [[Petroleum products]]: 3,631&nbsp;km
* [[Natural gas]]: 29,930&nbsp;km (2013)

; [[Port]]s and [[harbor]]s

{|
|- valign=top
|
* [[Bahía Blanca]]
* [[Buenos Aires]]
* [[Campana, Buenos Aires Province|Campana]]
* [[Comodoro Rivadavia]]
* [[Concepción del Uruguay]]
* [[La Plata]]
* [[Mar del Plata]]

| width=40 |
|
* [[Necochea]]
* [[Río Gallegos]]
* [[Port of Rosario|Rosario]]
* [[Santa Fe, Argentina|Santa Fe]]
* [[San Antonio Oeste]]
* [[Ushuaia]]
* [[Zárate, Buenos Aires|Zárate]]

|}

; [[Airport]]s

* Total (including airstrips): 1,138 (2013)

: ''country comparison to the world: '' 6

{{CIA World Factbook}}

==Gallery==
<gallery mode=packed heights=120px>
File:Galerías PacíficoP1010099.jpg|Various Taxis in [[Buenos Aires]].
File:2018-10-19 Plaza Miserere Station, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Martin Rulsch) 26.jpg|Passengers on the [[Buenos Aires Underground]]
File:Buenos Aires - Colectivos 12 y 68 - 120227 144321.jpg|[[Colectivo]]s
File:Tren a las nubes crossing bridge.jpg|[[Tren a las Nubes]] tourist train
File:Tranvía 652 de la Asociación Amigos del Tranvía.jpg|A [[Trams in Buenos Aires|Tram in Buenos Aires]]
</gallery>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Argentina}}
* [[Rail transport in Argentina]]
* [[Secretariat of Transport (Argentina)|Secretariat of Transport]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://www.argentina.gob.ar/transporte Secretariat of Transport]

{{National Roads in Argentina}}
{{Rail transport in Argentina}}
{{Automotive industry in Argentina}}
{{Economy of Argentina}}
{{Argentina topics}}
{{Americas topic|Transport in}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Transport In Argentina}}
[[Category:Transport in Argentina| ]]