Editing Transport in Algeria

{{Short description|none}}
{{Update|date=February 2025}}
[[File:Situation Réseau Autoroutier Algérier - Mai 2015 - V.03.png|thumb|500x500px|Situation of Algerian highways network in May 2015]]

As the [[List of countries and dependencies by area|tenth-largest country in the world]], and the largest in Africa and in the Mediterranean region, [[Algeria]] has a vast transportation system that includes a large and diverse transportation infrastructure.

== Railways ==
[[File:Map of the Algeria railway network - OSM (2023) - V2.png|thumb|450px|Map of operating railways in Algeria, with operating lines (black) and lines under construction (blue)]]
{{Further|Rail transport in Algeria}}

There are a total of {{convert|4,560|km|mi|abbr=on}} of {{Track gauge|1435mm|allk=on}} railways: with {{convert|480|km|mi|abbr=on}} of that being electrified and {{convert|560|km|mi|abbr=on}} of that being [[Double-track railway|double tracked]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sntf.dz/index.php/a-propos-de-la-sntf/chiffres-cles|title=Chiffres clés|website=sntf.dz|access-date=1 January 2023}}</ref>

[[SNTF]] operates the railways, whilst a new, separate organisation, [[Anesrif]], has been created to manage infrastructure investment.

The [[High Plateau line]] is a major new project to build an east–west line across the country, parallel to the [[Rocade Nord]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/planning-a-railway-to-the-high-plateau.html|
access-date=2011-03-24|title=Railway Gazette: Planning a railway to the High Plateau}}</ref>

=== Timeline ===
{{Update|part=section|date=October 2022}}

==== 2009 ====
* A 690-km line from [[Béchar]] to Oran is opened on 15 July.<ref>[http://www.elmoudjahid.com/fr/actualites/874 Inscription sur elmoudjahid<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* Planning starts on suburban electrification at [[25 kV AC]].

==== 2006 ====
* A new {{convert|204|km|mi|adj=on}} railway currently under construction from [[Tébessa]] to [[Aïn M'lila|Aïn M'Lila]]. The {{convert|8|km|mi|abbr=on}} [[Algiers]] bypass line between [[Djasr Kasentina]] and [[Oued Smar]] is also being upgraded.
* 18 May 2006 [[SNTF]] is to spend $US5 billion (about R30bn) in the next five years on improvements.<ref name="RGI">{{cite magazine | title= Desert riches fuel network revival | magazine = [[Railway Gazette International]] | author=Murray Hughes | access-date = 2007-09-03 | url = http://www.railwaygazette.com/features_view/article/2007/06/7315/desert-riches-fuel-network-revival.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927184620/http://www.railwaygazette.com/features_view/article/2007/06/7315/desert-riches-fuel-network-revival.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2007-09-27}}</ref> It has awarded a 39-month-duration contract worth €248.3 million to a joint Algerian and Spanish consortium that will double the [[Annaba]]–[[Ramdane Djamel|Ramdane Djamal]] portion of the {{convert|626|km|mi|abbr=on}} [[Algiers]]–[[Annaba]] line and upgrade the track for 1{{convert|60|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} operation.
* SNTF is to electrify {{convert|420|km|mi|abbr=on}} of the route west of Annaba at [[25 kV AC]], including the branches from [[Ramdane Djamel]] to [[Skikda]] ({{convert|19|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=or}}) and [[Beni Mansour]] to [[Béjaïa]] ({{convert|88|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=or}}), as well as the line from [[Khemis Miliana]] to [[Oran]] ({{convert|303|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=or}}).
* 18 May 2006 – By early 2009, it is hoped to open the first {{convert|16.3|km|mi|abbr=on}} section of the new light rail line in Algeria's capital city, linking [[Carl du Ruisseau]] to [[Bordj El Kiffan]].<ref>{{cite news | title = Railways Africa | publisher = RailwaysAfrica | url =  http://www.railwaysafrica.com }}</ref>
* Under construction: there are three projects to build tramway networks in three major cities: [[Algiers|Alger]], [[Oran]] and [[Constantine, Algeria|Constantine]] ({{convert|9|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=or}}, planned opening 2010).<ref>{{cite magazine | title = Metros | date=2006-07-01 | magazine = [[Railway Gazette International]] | access-date = 2007-09-03 |url = http://www.railwaygazette.com/news_view/article/2006/07/4418/metros-32.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071023213333/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news_view/article/2006/07/4418/metros-32.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2007-10-23}}</ref>
*  [[Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles|CAF]] is to supply 17 non-tilting diesel multiple-units based on the [[Renfe]] Series 598 [[tilting train]]s.<ref name="RGI" />

==Metro==
[[File:Le_métro_dAlger_lance_une_opération_portes_ouvertes_(6008838810).jpg|right|thumb|Rolling stock of the Algiers Metro]]

The [[Algiers Metro]] is a rapid transit system that first opened in 2011, making Algiers the first city in the [[Maghreb]] to possess this type of infrastructure. The system is mostly underground and extends over {{convert|18.2|km|mi}}, serving 19 stations, and has an annual ridership of over 40 million passengers in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.metroalger-dz.com:80/fr/statistiques.php |title=Statistiques voyageur |publisher=EMA – Entreprise Metro d'Alger |language=fr |trans-title=Passenger statistics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722014803/http://www.metroalger-dz.com/fr/statistiques.php |archive-date=22 July 2017 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

Several expansion projects are underway to ensure more extensive coverage of the capital city, with the network projected to reach a length of {{convert|60|km|mi}} and serve 58 stations in the future.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/140155-alger-extension-a-long-terme-du-reseau-du-metro-a-60-km-et-58-stations |title=East-West Highway |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=May 24, 2022 |website=www.aps.dz |publisher=Algeria Press Service |access-date=May 30, 2022 |quote=}}</ref>

==Tramways==
Algeria possesses one of the highest number of tram systems among developing countries, and by far the highest number in Africa, with 7 operating systems across different major cities. Currently the cities of Algiers, Oran, Constantine, Sétif, Sidi bel Abbes, Mostaganem and Ouargla have a tram line in operation.<ref>[http://www.metroalger-dz.com/fr/# ACCEUIL :: Entreprise Métro d'Alger<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The government, wanting to diversify the country's future in rail transport, has assigned the [[Entreprise Métro d'Alger]] to the projects.

* [[Algiers tramway]] (2011)
* [[Oran Tramway]] (2013): 18.7 kilometres (11.6&nbsp;mi) of route and 32 stops<ref name="TAUT-2013jun">"Oran tramway opens for business, with more Algerian LRT to come" (June 2013). ''[[Tramways & Urban Transit]]'' magazine, p. 212. LRTA Publishing (UK).</ref>
* [[Constantine tramway]] (2013): {{convert|18.3|km|mi}} of route and 21 stops.
*[[Sidi Bel Abbès tramway]] (June 2017): 13.74 kilometres (8.54&nbsp;mi) of route and 22 stops<ref name="1ertram">{{in lang|fr}} {{cite web|url=http://www.elwatan.com/regions/ouest/belabes/tramway-de-sidi-bel-abbes-les-tests-finaux-prevus-aujourd-hui-07-06-2017-346752_138.php|title=Tramway de Sidi Bel Abbès : Les tests finaux prévus aujourd'hui|date=7 June 2017|website=[[El Watan]]|access-date=27 June 2017}}</ref>
* [[Ouargla tramway|Ouargala tramway]] (March 2018): {{convert|9.7|km|mi}} of route and 16 stops<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/le-tramway-de-ouargla-mis-en-service-20-03-2018-364773_109.php|title=Le tramway de Ouargla mis en service|last=Alioua|first=Houria|date=20 March 2018|work=[[El Watan]]|access-date=2018-03-21|publisher=SPA El Watan Presse|language=fr|trans-title=Ouargla tramway put into service}}</ref>
* [[Sétif tramway]] (May 2018): 22.4 kilometres (13.9&nbsp;mi) of route and 26 stops<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globalrailnews.com/2018/05/09/first-tram-line-inaugurated-in-the-city-of-setif-algeria/|title=First tram line inaugurated in the city of Sétif, Algeria|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=9 May 2018|website=www.globalrailnews.com|publisher=Rail Media Company|access-date=2018-05-11}}</ref>
* [[Mostaganem Tramway]] (2022): {{convert|14.2|km|mi}} kilometers of route and 24 stops

== Highways ==
[[File:La vue la plus spectaculaire depuis l'autoroute Est Ouest Bouira Algérie.jpg|thumb|East-West Highway near [[Bouïra]]]]
[[File:Autoroute est ouest ghomri.JPG|thumb|East-West Highway near [[Relizane]]]]
[[File:CAM01570.jpg|thumb|Aerial tramway in Algiers]]

Due to extensive investment the motorway network in Algeria is expanding, along with other kinds of infrastructure. The country plans to link all of its major ports and cities with its highway network, as well as linking the country to all of its neighbors, with the aim of boosting economic activity and trade.

Currently{{As of when|date=February 2025}} Algeria has over {{cvt|96,000|km|mi}} of paved roads including {{cvt|2,318|km|mi}} of expressways (six-lane highways), as well as {{cvt|29,000|km|mi}} of unpaved roads, for a total road system of about {{cvt|127,000|km|mi}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtp.gov.dz/?p=786|title=Consistance du partinoine routier|date=10 January 2020 |publisher=Ministère des travaux publics}}</ref>

===Regional highways===
Algeria has two major roads in the [[Trans-African Highway network]], including the [[Trans-Sahara Highway]], which traverses the country from north to south, and eventually continues into Niger and Nigeria, linking Algiers to [[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]. The country has also constructed the [[Algeria East-West Highway|East–west highway]], which crosses the entirety of the country's north along the east–west axis, and runs from its border with Tunisia to that with Morocco, connecting most major Algerian cities in the process.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/eastwesthighway/ |title=East-West Highway |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=<!--Not stated--> |website=www.roadtraffic-technology.com |publisher=Road Traffic Technology |access-date=May 30, 2022 |quote=}}
</ref>

===Motorways===
*[[East–West Highway (Algeria)|East-West Highway]] is the most important road infrastructure in the country. It is a six-lane expressway that extends all the way from [[Aïn El Assel]], on the border with [[Tunisia]], to [[Maghnia]], on the border with [[Morocco]], over the length of 1,216&nbsp;km. The highway links several major cities of the country along its way, namely [[Constantine, Algeria|Constantine]], [[Sétif]], [[Algiers]], [[Blida]], [[Chlef]], [[Sidi Bel Abbès]] and [[Tlemcen]], with additional secondary expressways constructed to link to other major cities, such as [[Oran]], [[Béjaïa]], [[Tizi Ouzou]], [[Jijel]], [[Skikda]], [[Mostaghanem]] and [[Batna (city)|Batna]]. 
*[[Highway of the Hauts Plateaux]] is a planned highway of 1020&nbsp;km that runs in parallel to the [[Algeria East–West Highway|East–West Highway]] through the steppe-like region of the [[Hautes Plaines]]. The highway extends from the province of [[Tlemcen]] on the border with [[Morocco]], through [[Saïda, Algeria|Saïda]], [[Tiaret]], [[Medea]], [[M'Sila, Algeria|M'sila]], [[Batna (city)|Batna]], [[Oum El Bouaghi]], [[Khenchela]] and finally ending at [[Tébessa]] on the border with [[Tunisia]].<ref>[http://www.ana.org.dz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59&Itemid=58 La Rocade Autoroutière Des Hauts Plateaux<!-- Bot generated title -->]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820192244/http://www.ana.org.dz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59&Itemid=58 |date=2016-08-20 }}</ref> Construction has begun on some sections of the highway.
*National Highway 4 extends from [[Oran]] to [[Boufarik]], total length: 384&nbsp;km.  It is a motorway extending from [[Oran]] to Zaghloul ([[Zahana]]), length: 35&nbsp;km.
*National Highway 5 is a motorway on its extent from [[Dar El Beïda]] to [[Ammal]]. Length: 82&nbsp;km.
*National Highway 11 is a motorway running from [[Algiers|Alger]] to [[Cherchell]]. Length:  65&nbsp;km.
*National Highway 12 is a motorway running from [[Si Mustapha]] to [[Tizi Ouzou]]. Length: 57&nbsp;km.

==Cable transport==
Due to its mountainous geography, Algeria has taken a particular interest in cable-based transportation, namely [[gondola lift]]s and [[aerial tramway]]s, which serve as both an ecological and touristic means of transport. Currently there are eight such systems in operation across the country, in [[Algiers]], [[Oran]], [[Tlemcen]], [[Tizi Ouzou]], [[Chréa]], [[Constantine, Algeria|Constantine]], [[Annaba]] and [[Skikda]].

Over the coming years, Algeria will launch a program of new projects for the modernization and maintenance of all the country's cable cars. These works aim to reinforce the country's public cable transport.<ref>[http://www.algerie-monde.com/actualite/article4966.html Algérie - Mise à niveau des téléphériques et projets en cours], Synthèse de l'article – Équipe Algérie-Monde.com, D'après El Watan. www.elwatan.com. Par M. Tchoubane, Le 3 décembre 2008.</ref>

== Pipelines ==
[[File:Algeria_pipelines_map.jpg|thumb|Map of pipelines in Algeria]]

As of 2013 Algeria had an extensive network of pipelines, with 7,036 kilometers of oil pipelines, 16,415 kilometers of natural gas pipelines, 3,447 kilometers of liquid petroleum gas pipelines, 2,600 kilometers of condensate pipelines and 144 kilometers of refined products pipelines.<ref name = "CIA">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/algeria/#transportation |title=Algeria – The World Factbook |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=www.cia.gov |publisher=CIA |access-date=May 30, 2022 |quote=}}</ref>

The country has 3 export pipelines, two running to Spain ([[Maghreb-Europe Gas Pipeline]] and [[Medgaz]]), and one running to Italy ([[Trans-Mediterranean Pipeline]]), with an additional pipeline ([[GALSI]]) planned between [[Annaba]] and [[Sardinia]]. The pipeline networks will be extended to France and Germany.

== Ports and harbors ==

=== Mediterranean Sea ===
* [[Algiers]], [[Annaba]], [[Arzew]], [[Béjaïa]], [[Béni Saf]], [[Dellys]], [[Djendjen]], [[Ghazaouet]], [[Jijel]], [[Mostaganem]], [[Oran]], [[Skikda]], and [[Ténès]]

== Merchant marine ==
Total: 110 (2017, CIA World Factbook)
by type: bulk carrier 3, general cargo 13, oil tanker 9, other 85 (2017)

== Airports ==
{{further|List of airports in Algeria}}{{Empty section|date=September 2021}}

== References ==
<References/>

{{CIA World Factbook}}
{{Economy of Algeria}}
{{Africa in topic|Transport in}}
{{Motorways in Africa}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Transport In Algeria}}
[[Category:Transport in Algeria| ]]