Editing Touraine

{{For|the French sociologist|Alain Touraine}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
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|image_shield =Arms of Charles le Bel.svg
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'''Touraine''' ({{IPAc-en|US|t|u|ˈ|r|eɪ|n|,_|t|u|ˈ|r|ɛ|n}};<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Touraine|access-date=11 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/touraine|title=Touraine|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|access-date=11 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Touraine|access-date=11 August 2019}}</ref> {{IPA|fr|tuʁɛn|lang|LL-Q150 (fra)-Lunagrouh-Touraine.wav}}) is one of the traditional [[provinces of France]]. Its capital was [[Tours]]. During the political reorganization of French territory in 1790, Touraine was divided between the [[departments of France|department]]s of [[Indre-et-Loire]], [[:Loir-et-Cher]], [[Indre]] and [[Vienne (department)|Vienne]].

==Geography==
Traversed by the river [[Loire]] and its tributaries the [[Cher (river)|Cher]], the [[Indre (river)|Indre]] and the [[Vienne (river)|Vienne]], Touraine makes up a part of the western Paris [[Sedimentary basin|Basin]]. It is well known for its [[viticulture]]. The [[TGV]] high-speed train system, which connects Tours with Paris (200 kilometers away) in just over an hour, has made Touraine a place of residence for people who work in the French capital but seek a different quality of life.

==History==
Touraine takes its name from a [[Celt]]ic tribe called the [[Turones]], who inhabited the region about two thousand years ago.  
In 1044, the control of Touraine was given to the [[House of Châteaudun|Angevins]], who (as the [[House of Plantagenet]]) became kings of England in 1154, the castle of [[Chinon]] being their greatest stronghold. In 1205, [[Philip II of France|Philip II Augustus of France]] regained Touraine. At this time, Touraine was made into a [[Duke of Touraine|royal duchy]]. In 1429, [[Joan of Arc|Saint Joan of Arc]] had a historic meeting with the future [[King of France]] [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]] at [[Chinon]]. Throughout the late 15th and 16th centuries, Touraine was a favorite residence of French kings, and the dark and gloomy castles were converted to Renaissance châteaux; for this reason the region was titled "The Garden of France". These same châteaux became popular tourist attractions in modern times. The royal duchy became a province in 1584, and was divided into departments in 1790.

==Notable people==
* [[Peter des Roches]] (died 1238), [[Bishop of Winchester]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Peter des Roches|volume=21|last= Davis |first= Henry William Carless |author-link= Henry William Carless Davis |pages=292–293|short=1}}</ref>
* [[François Rabelais]] (ca.1483-1553), a Renaissance writer and humanist, physician, monk and Greek scholar.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Rabelais, François |volume= 22 |last= Saintsbury |first= George |author-link= George Saintsbury| pages = 769–773 |short=1}}</ref> 
* [[René Descartes]] (1596–1650), a French philosopher, scientist and mathematician.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Descartes, René |volume= 8 |last= Wallace |first= William |author-link= William Wallace | pages = 79–90 |short=1}}</ref>
* [[Jean Thurel]] (1698–1807), a fusilier of the French Army and centenarian
* [[Alfred de Vigny]] (1797–1863), a French poet and early French Romanticist.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Vigny, Alfred de |volume= 28 |last= Saintsbury |first= George |author-link= George Saintsbury| pages = 61–62 |short=1}}</ref>
* [[Honoré de Balzac]] (1799–1850), a French novelist and playwright.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Balzac, Honoré de |volume= 3 |last= Saintsbury |first= George |author-link= George Saintsbury | pages = 298–301 |date=1911 }}</ref>
* [[René Boylesve]] (1867–1926), a French writer and literary critic.

==See also==
* [[Centre-Val de Loire]]
* [[Touraine AOC]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

*{{Commons category-inline|Touraine}}

{{Coord|47|24|N|0|41|E|type:adm1st_region:FR|display=title}}

{{Historic Provinces of France}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Touraine| ]]
[[Category:Former provinces of France]]
[[Category:Geography of Indre]]
[[Category:Geography of Indre-et-Loire]]
[[Category:Geography of Loir-et-Cher]]
[[Category:Geography of Vienne (department)]]
[[Category:Dukes of Touraine| ]]
[[Category:History of Centre-Val de Loire]]
[[Category:History of Nouvelle-Aquitaine]]
[[Category:History of Indre]]
[[Category:History of Indre-et-Loire]]
[[Category:History of Loir-et-Cher]]
[[Category:History of Vienne (department)]]


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