Editing Todd County, South Dakota

{{short description|County in South Dakota, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Todd County 
 | state                = South Dakota
 | ex image             = St. Charles Borromeo church (St. Francis SD) from S 1.JPG
 | ex image size        = 220px
 | ex image cap         = [[St. Francis Mission|St. Charles Borromeo church]] in [[St. Francis, South Dakota]] at the [[Rosebud Indian Reservation]]
 | seal                 = 
 | founded year         = 1909<ref name="LM">''Legislative Manual'', South Dakota, 2005, p. 597</ref>
 | founded date         = 
 | seat                 = None (''de jure'')<br/>[[Winner, South Dakota|Winner]] (''de facto'')
 | largest city wl      = Mission
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 1391
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 1389
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 2.3
 | area percentage      = 0.2
 | population_as_of     = 2020
 | population_total     = 9319
 | pop_est_as_of        = 2024
 | population_est       = 9172 {{decrease}}
 | density_sq_mi        = auto
 | time zone            = Central
 | footnotes            = [[Winner, South Dakota|Winner]] in neighboring [[Tripp County, South Dakota|Tripp County]] serves as Todd County's administrative center.
 | web                  = 
 | named for            = [[John Blair Smith Todd]]
 | district             = At-large 
}}

'''Todd County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[South Dakota]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 9,319.<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/toddcountysouthdakota/PST045224 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2024}}</ref> Todd County does not have its own [[county seat]]. Instead, [[Winner, South Dakota|Winner]] in neighboring [[Tripp County, South Dakota|Tripp County]] serves as its administrative center.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> Its largest city is [[Mission, South Dakota|Mission]]. The county was created in 1909, although it remains [[unincorporated area|unorganized]].<ref name=LM/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/DAKs_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm|title=Dakota Territory, South Dakota, and North Dakota: Individual County Chronologies|website=Dakota Territory Atlas of Historical County Boundaries|publisher=The [[Newberry Library]]|date=2006|access-date=March 31, 2015|archive-date=April 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402202102/http://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/DAKs_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The county was named for [[John Blair Smith Todd]], a delegate from [[Dakota Territory]] to the [[United States House of Representatives]]<ref name=LM/> and a [[American Civil War|Civil War]] general.

The county lies entirely within the [[Rosebud Indian Reservation]] and is coterminous with the main reservation (exclusive of off-reservation trust lands, which lie in four nearby counties). Its southern border is with the state of Nebraska. It is one of five South Dakota counties entirely within an [[Indian reservation]].<ref>The other counties are [[Corson County, South Dakota|Corson]], [[Dewey County, South Dakota|Dewey]], [[Oglala Lakota County, South Dakota|Oglala Lakota]], and [[Ziebach County, South Dakota|Ziebach]].</ref> The county's [[Per capita income|per-capita income]] makes it the third [[United States counties by per capita income|poorest county in the United States]]. Unlike many rural counties in South Dakota, since 1960, its net population has increased.

==History==
Until 1981 Todd, Shannon (now [[Oglala Lakota County, South Dakota|Oglala Lakota]]), and [[Washabaugh County, South Dakota|Washabaugh]] were the last unorganized counties in the United States. Although then organized, Todd did not receive a home rule charter until 1983. It contracts with Tripp County for its Auditor, Treasurer, and Registrar of Deeds.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120217031142/http://www.e-referencedesk.com/resources/counties/south-dakota/todd.html]}}, Reference Desk/South Dakota Counties (accessed April 19, 2009).</ref>

==Geography==
Todd County lies on the south line of South Dakota. Its south boundary line abuts the north boundary line of the state of [[Nebraska]]. Its terrain consists of semi-arid rolling hills, cut by gullies and drainages which flow to the northeast. The land is partially dedicated to agriculture, including [[center pivot irrigation]].<ref name="TCSD">{{Cite web |title=Todd County · South Dakota |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Todd+County,+SD/@43.2094456,-100.9170271,63826m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x8778ac06313e32d1:0xc6baaf0810c2f10!8m2!3d43.2115664!4d-100.7097867 |access-date=April 27, 2024 |website=Google Maps |language=en}}</ref> The terrain slopes to the northeast, and its highest point is near the SW corner, at {{convert|3,176|ft|m|abbr=on}} ASL.<ref name=TCASD/>

The eastern portion of South Dakota's counties (48 of 66) observe [[Central Time Zone|Central Time]]; the western counties (18 of 66) observe [[Mountain Time Zone|Mountain Time]]. Todd County is the westernmost of the SD counties to observe Central Time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timebie.com/us/south_dakota.php|title=Time Zones Map in South Dakota, USA -- Timebie|website=www.timebie.com}}</ref>

Todd County has a total area of {{convert|1391|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|1389|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|2.3|sqmi}} (0.2%) is water.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_46.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 28, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}</ref>

===Major highways===
* [[Image:US 18.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 18 in South Dakota|U.S. Highway 18]]
* [[Image:US 83.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 83 in South Dakota|U.S. Highway 83]]
* [[Image:SD 63.svg|20px]] [[South Dakota Highway 63]]

===Adjacent counties===
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
* [[Mellette County, South Dakota|Mellette County]] - north
* [[Tripp County, South Dakota|Tripp County]] - east
* [[Cherry County, Nebraska]] - south (western half observes [[Mountain Time Zone|Mountain Time]])
* [[Keya Paha County, Nebraska]] - southeast<ref name=TCASD>{{Cite web |url=https://www.daftlogic.com/sandbox-google-maps-find-altitude.htm |title="Find an Altitude"  Google Maps (accessed February 4, 2019) |access-date=February 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190521043409/https://www.daftlogic.com/sandbox-google-maps-find-altitude.htm |archive-date=May 21, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Bennett County, South Dakota|Bennett County]] - west (observes Mountain Time)
* [[Jackson County, South Dakota|Jackson County]] - northwest<ref name=TCSD/> (observes Mountain Time)
{{div col end}}

===Protected areas<ref name=TCSD/>===
* Hollow Horn Bear Village

===Lakes<ref name=TCSD/>===
* Antelope Lake
* He Dog Lake
* White Lake

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1910= 2164
|1920= 2784
|1930= 5898
|1940= 5714
|1950= 4758
|1960= 4661
|1970= 6606
|1980= 7328
|1990= 8352
|2000= 9050
|2010= 9612
|2020= 9319
|estyear=2024
|estimate=9172
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2024">{{cite web|title=County Population Totals and Components of Change: 2020-2024 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html |access-date=March 15, 2025}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. Decennial Census |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=July 20, 2014}}</ref><br>1790–1960<ref>{{cite web|title=Historical Census Browser |url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu |publisher=University of Virginia Library |url-status=live |date=2007 |access-date=July 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091212224028/http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/ |archive-date=December 12, 2009}}</ref> 1900–1990<ref>{{cite web|last=Forstall |first=Richard L. |title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/sd190090.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |url-status=live |date=March 27, 1995 |access-date=July 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990219135447/http://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/sd190090.txt |archive-date=February 19, 1999}}</ref><br>1990–2000<ref>{{cite web|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |url-status=live |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=July 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010}}</ref> 2010–2020<ref name="QF"/>
}}

===2020 census===
As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], there were 9,319 people, 2,570 households, and 1,889 families residing in the county.<ref>{{Cite web|title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: Household Type |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Todd%20County,%20South%20Dakota%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=March 20, 2024 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> The [[population density]] was {{convert|6.7|PD/sqmi}}. There were 2,875 housing units.

===2010 census===
As of the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]], there were 9,612 people, 2,780 households, and 2,091 families in the county. The population density was {{convert|6.9|PD/sqmi}}. There were 3,142 housing units at an average density of {{convert|2.3|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the county was 88.1% American Indian, 9.6% white, 0.2% black or African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 2.4% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 5.1% were [[Germans|German]], and 1.1% were [[Americans|American]].

Of the 2,780 households, 55.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.5% were married couples living together, 34.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 24.8% were non-families, and 21.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 3.45 and the average family size was 3.95. The median age was 24.0 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $25,196 and the median income for a family was $29,010. Males had a median income of $26,971 versus $30,211 for females. The per capita income for the county was $11,010. About 44.2% of families and 48.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 59.0% of those under age 18 and 45.7% of those age 65 or over.

==Communities==
===City===
* [[Mission, South Dakota|Mission]]

===Town===
* [[St. Francis, South Dakota|St. Francis]]

===Census-designated places===
{{div col}}
* [[Antelope, South Dakota|Antelope]]
* [[Okreek, South Dakota|Okreek]]
* [[Parmelee, South Dakota|Parmelee]]
* [[Rosebud, South Dakota|Rosebud]]
* [[Sicangu Village, South Dakota|Sicangu Village]]
* [[Soldier Creek, South Dakota|Soldier Creek]]
* [[Spring Creek, South Dakota|Spring Creek]]
* [[Two Strike, South Dakota|Two Strike]]
* [[White Horse, South Dakota|White Horse]]
{{div col end}}

===Other unincorporated communities<ref name=TCSD/>===
{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
* Grass Mountain
* He Dog
* Hidden Timber
* Olsonville
{{div col end}}

===Unorganized territories===
* East Todd
* West Todd

==Politics==
Todd County heavily leans Democratic in politics. Similar to most other Native American-majority counties, [[Hillary Clinton]] won the majority of votes in Todd County in 2016. In 2020, Joe Biden received a larger majority of the county vote. The last election in which the Republican nominee won the county was in 1960 which the [[Richard Nixon]]-[[Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.]] ticket carried the county.
{{PresHead|place=Todd County, South Dakota|source=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Atlas of US Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=April 15, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Democratic|497|1,570|59|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2020|Democratic|532|1,963|44|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2016|Democratic|487|1,505|133|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2012|Democratic|498|1,976|23|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2008|Democratic|571|2,208|49|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2004|Democratic|889|2,543|92|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|2000|Democratic|478|993|23|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1996|Democratic|482|1,380|129|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1992|Democratic|456|915|259|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1988|Democratic|535|1,117|24|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1984|Democratic|679|1,022|13|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1980|Democratic|803|972|148|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1976|Democratic|583|826|25|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1972|Democratic|806|907|10|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1968|Democratic|683|987|91|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|723|1,274|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|909|904|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1956|Democratic|748|833|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|1,025|611|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1948|Democratic|625|796|17|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|737|683|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|1,245|1,238|0|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|624|1,318|24|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|533|1,485|16|South Dakota}}
{{PresRow|1928|Democratic|789|831|9|South Dakota}}
{{PresFoot|1924|Republican|837|237|175|South Dakota}}

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Todd County, South Dakota]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Todd County, South Dakota
|North     = [[Mellette County, South Dakota|Mellette County]]
|East      = [[Tripp County, South Dakota|Tripp County]]
|Southeast = [[Keya Paha County, Nebraska]]
|South     = [[Cherry County, Nebraska]]
|West      = [[Bennett County, South Dakota|Bennett County]]
|Northwest = [[Jackson County, South Dakota|Jackson County]]
}}

{{Todd County, South Dakota}}
{{South Dakota}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|43.18|-100.73|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-SD_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Todd County, South Dakota| ]]
[[Category:1909 establishments in South Dakota]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1909]]