Editing Tina Turner

{{Short description|American-born Swiss singer (1939–2023)}}
{{Good article}}
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{{Use American English|date=June 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Use shortened footnotes|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Tina Turner
| image              = Tina turner 21021985 01 350.jpg<!-- Please do not change the image. This has already been discussed in the talk page; please do so before changing. -->
| caption            = Turner in 1985
| alt                = Turner holding a microphone during a performance on stage with a sparkle top
| birth_name         = Anna Mae Bullock
| other_names        = Martha Nell Turner<ref group="lower-alpha" name="Contract">Turner signed her legal name as '''Martha Nell Turner''' on contracts in 1977 and 1978.</ref><ref name=HA>{{Cite web |url= https://entertainment.ha.com/itm/music-memorabilia/autographs-and-signed-items/tina-turner-signed-contract-1977-/a/696-52395.s |title=Tina Turner Signed Contract (1977) .... Music Memorabilia Autographs {{!}} Lot #52395|date=October 2008|website=Heritage Auctions|access-date=July 31, 2019|archive-date=July 31, 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190731122402/https://entertainment.ha.com/itm/music-memorabilia/autographs-and-signed-items/tina-turner-signed-contract-1977-/a/696-52395.s|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Heritage Auctions-1978">{{Cite news |title=Tina Turner – Signed Agreement (1978) .... Music Memorabilia {{!}} Lot #23263|url= https://entertainment.ha.com/itm/music-memorabilia/autographs-and-signed-items/tina-turner-signed-agreement-1978-/a/606-23263.s|access-date=August 16, 2021|website=Heritage Auctions|language=en|archive-date=August 16, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210816104230/https://entertainment.ha.com/itm/music-memorabilia/autographs-and-signed-items/tina-turner-signed-agreement-1978-/a/606-23263.s|url-status=live}}</ref>
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|1939|11|26}}
| birth_place        = [[Brownsville, Tennessee]], US<!-- Per [[MOS:U.S.]], "the use or non-use of periods (full stops) should also be consistent with other country abbreviations in the same article (thus 'the US, UK, and USSR', not the 'U.S., UK, and USSR')".-->
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|2023|5|24|1939|11|26}}
| death_place        = [[Küsnacht]], Switzerland
| citizenship        = {{Unbulleted list|United States (until 2013)|Switzerland (from 2013)}}
| occupation         = {{Flatlist|
* Singer
* songwriter
* actress
* author
}}
| works              = [[Tina Turner discography|Full list]]
| years_active       = 1956–2021
| spouse             = {{Unbulleted list|{{marriage|[[Ike Turner]]|1962|1978|reason=divorced}}|{{marriage|Erwin Bach|2013}}}}
| children           = 4<ref name="Tina Turner: Singer"/>
| relatives          = {{Unbulleted list|[[Alline Bullock]] (sister)|[[Afida Turner]] (daughter-in-law)|[[Eugene Bridges]] (first cousin once removed)}}
| awards             = [[List of awards and nominations received by Tina Turner|Full list]]
| website            = {{URL|thetinaturner.com}}
| signature          = Tina Turner signature.svg
| module             = {{Infobox musical artist
| embed = yes
| genre = <!-- genres listed here are sourced in the article text -->{{flatlist|
* [[Rock music|Rock]]
* [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]
* [[Soul music|soul]]
* [[Pop music|pop]]
* [[rock and roll]]<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.esquire.com/news-politics/politics/a43994081/tina-turner-dead/ |title=Rest In Peace to Tina Turner, a True Rock 'n Roll Singer |last=Pierce |first=Charles P. |date=May 24, 2023 |work=Esquire |access-date=May 24, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/music/2023/may/24/tina-turner-legendary-rocknroll-singer-dies-aged-83 |title=Tina Turner: legendary rock'n'roll singer dies aged 83 |last=Snapes |first=Laura |date=May 24, 2023 |work=The Guardian |access-date=May 24, 2023}}</ref>
}}
| instrument = Vocals
| label = {{flatlist|
* [[Sonja Records|Sonja]]
* [[Pompeii Records|Pompeii]]
* [[United Artists Records|United Artists]]
* [[Capitol Records|Capitol]]
* [[Parlophone]]
* [[Virgin Records|Virgin]]
}}
| past_member_of = [[Ike & Tina Turner]]
}}
}}

'''Tina Turner''' (born '''Anna Mae Bullock'''; November 26, 1939 – May 24, 2023) was a<!-- Do NOT add nationality. See recent talk page consensus. She relinquished her U.S. citizenship, and had Swiss citizenship. Please do not delete this statement before having discussed it on the talk page. --> singer, songwriter, actress, and author. As a [[cultural icon|rock icon]], her vocal prowess, raspy vocal delivery, electrifying stage presence, live performance record and [[Timeline of African-American firsts|breaking the color barrier]] as an artist in [[rock music|rock]] helped her to be dubbed the "[[Honorific nicknames in popular music|Queen of Rock 'n' Roll]]". Turner rose to prominence as the lead singer of the husband-wife duo [[Ike & Tina Turner]]. Their tumultuous marriage led to a divorce and disbanding in 1976,<ref name="EW-19960802">{{Cite magazine |last=Tyehimba |first=Cheo |date=August 2, 1996 |title=Tina Turner left Ike 20 years ago |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |url= https://ew.com/article/1996/08/02/tina-turner-left-ike-20-years-ago/ |access-date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=April 21, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190421164821/https://ew.com/article/1996/08/02/tina-turner-left-ike-20-years-ago/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and she embarked on a successful solo career, becoming one of the [[List of best-selling music artists|best-selling recording artists of all time]], with estimated sales of 100 to 150 million records worldwide.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2023-05-24 |title=Tina Turner, 'Queen of Rock 'n' Roll,' Dead at 83 |url=https://time.com/6282453/tina-turner-dies-83/ |access-date=2023-05-27 |magazine=Time |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Boyce |first=Hunter |title=Remembering Tina Turner: a look inside the star's stunning $76 million Swiss estate |language=English |work=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution |url=https://www.ajc.com/life/private-quarters/remembering-tina-turner-a-look-inside-the-stars-stunning-76-million-swiss-estate/Z7ESVYKWJ5BXPF3PLSD6Q6R6GU/ |access-date=2023-05-27 |issn=1539-7459}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-05-25 |title=Tina Turner's intimate and unexpected connection to St. John's and Newfoundland |language=en-CA |work=The Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/article-st-johns-was-a-safe-spot-for-tina-turner-and-newfoundlanders-remember/ |access-date=2023-05-27}}</ref>

In 1984, Tina launched "one of the greatest comebacks in music history",<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Rewinding the Charts: In 1985, Tina Turner Kept Her Hot Streak With 'We Don't Need Another Hero' |url= https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/6620162/tina-turner-mad-max-thunderdome-1985 |access-date=February 27, 2021 |magazine=Billboard |date=July 6, 2015 |language=en |archive-date=February 23, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210223205438/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/6620162/tina-turner-mad-max-thunderdome-1985 |url-status=live}}</ref> with her [[multi-platinum]] album ''[[Private Dancer]]''. Its single "[[What's Love Got to Do with It (song)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]" won the [[Grammy Award for Record of the Year]] and became her only number-one song on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]. Turner's chart worldwide success continued with "[[Let's Stay Together (Al Green song)|Let's Stay Together]]", "[[Better Be Good to Me]]", "[[Private Dancer (Tina Turner song)|Private Dancer]]", "[[We Don't Need Another Hero (Thunderdome)]]", "[[It's Only Love (Bryan Adams song)|It's Only Love]]", "[[Typical Male]]", "[[The Best (song)|The Best]]", "[[I Don't Wanna Lose You]]", "[[I Don't Wanna Fight]]", and "[[GoldenEye (song)|GoldenEye]]". Her [[Break Every Rule World Tour]] (1987–1988) became the [[List of highest-grossing concert tours#1980s|highest-grossing female tour of the 1980s]] and set a [[Guinness World Record]] for the then-[[List of most-attended concerts|largest paying audience]] in a concert (180,000).<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/753022-highest-attendance-at-a-ticketed-concert-by-a-female-artist |title=Highest attendance at a ticketed concert by a female artist |work=[[Guinness World Records]] |date=January 16, 1988 |access-date=August 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230821001726/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/753022-highest-attendance-at-a-ticketed-concert-by-a-female-artist |archive-date=August 21, 2023}}</ref>

Turner continued her success as a live performer with [[Wildest Dreams Tour]] (1996–1997), the second highest-grossing female tour of the 1990s, and [[Twenty Four Seven Tour]] (2000), the highest-grossing tour of the year in North America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1435473/20001228/tina_turner.jhtml|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906091713/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1435473/20001228/tina_turner.jhtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 6, 2012|title=Tina Turner, 'NSYNC Had Year's Top-Grossing Tours|date=December 28, 2000|access-date=September 10, 2010|last=Hiatt|first=Brian|work=MTV News}}</ref> In 2009, she retired after completing her [[Tina!: 50th Anniversary Tour]] Turner's seven career tours from [[Private Dancer Tour|1985]] to [[Tina!: 50th Anniversary Tour|2009]] attracted a combined audience of 18 million people worldwide. Outside of music, Turner acted in the films ''[[Tommy (1975 film)|Tommy]]'' (1975), ''[[Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome]]'' (1985) and ''[[Last Action Hero]]'' (1993). Her life and career were dramatized in the film ''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (1993 film)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]'' (1993), based on her autobiography ''[[I, Tina|I, Tina: My Life Story]]'' (1986). Turner was also the subject of a [[jukebox musical]], ''[[Tina (musical)|Tina]]'' (2018), and a [[Tina (film)|documentary film of the same name]] (2021).

Turner received 12 [[Grammy Awards]], which include eight competitive awards, a [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]] and three [[Grammy Hall of Fame]] inductions. ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' ranked her among the [[Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time|greatest artists]] and [[Rolling Stone's 200 Greatest Singers of All Time|greatest singers]] of all time. She was the first black artist and first woman to be on the [[List of people on the United States cover of Rolling Stone (1960s)|cover of ''Rolling Stone'']],<ref name="New">{{cite magazine |last=Devine |first=Kenzi |title=Why Tina was better than all the rest |magazine=[[New!]] |publication-date=June 2023 |issue=1034 |publisher=[[Reach plc]] |pages=8–9}}</ref> the first female black artist to win an [[MTV Video Music Awards|MTV Award]],<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-10-14 |title=Tina Turner win Best Female Video 1985|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1985/mtvvmas.htm |access-date=2024-11-19 |website= |language=}}</ref> the first woman to accumulate US$100 million in [[List of highest-grossing concert tours by women|concert revenue]] and first woman to have cumulative concert sales from [[Private Dancer Tour|1985]]-[[Twenty Four Seven Tour|2000]] tours exceeding US$450 million (equivalent to $1,231 billion in 2024), the first solo artist with [[UK top 40]] singles across seven decades. Turner has a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] and on the [[St. Louis Walk of Fame]]. She was inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] twice: with Ike Turner in 1991 and as a solo artist in 2021. She was also a 2005 recipient of the [[Kennedy Center Honors]] and the [[Women of the Year Lunch|Women of the Year award]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.womenoftheyear.co.uk/team/tina-turner/ | title=Tina Turner | publisher=Women of the Year award |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121020050212/http://www.womenoftheyear.co.uk/history/previous-winners/ |archive-date=October 20, 2012}}</ref>

==Early life==
Turner was born Anna Mae Bullock<ref group="lower-alpha">Ike Turner stated her birth name was '''Martha Nell Bullock'''. Turner signed her legal name as '''Martha Nell Turner''' on contracts in 1977 and 1978.</ref><ref name="HA"/><ref name="Heritage Auctions-1978"/> on November 26, 1939, in [[Brownsville, Tennessee]].{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=4}}<ref name="Fong-Torres-1971">{{Cite magazine |last=Fong-Torres |first=Ben |date=October 14, 1971 |title=Tales of Ike and Tina Turner |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tales-of-ike-and-tina-turner-237489/ |url-status=live |magazine=Rolling Stone |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190713061836/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tales-of-ike-and-tina-turner-237489/ |archive-date=July 13, 2019 |access-date=September 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hobbs |first=Larry |date=April 21, 1971 |title=Beautiful, Bold: Non-Knoxvillian Tina Makes It Big Here |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-knoxville-news-sentinel-ike-and-tina/130143847/ |access-date=January 8, 2024 |work=The Knoxville News-Sentinel |pages=44}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Cannon |first=Geoffrey |date=May 30, 1971 |title=An Unalienated Interlude With Ike, Tina Turner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-ike-and-tina-turne/131470956/ |access-date=January 8, 2024 |work=The Los Angeles Times Calendar |pages=10}}</ref> She was the youngest daughter of Floyd Richard Bullock and his wife Zelma Priscilla (née Currie).{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=4}}<ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tina-turner-sole-survivor-78803/ |title=Tina Turner: Sole Survivor |first=Kurt |last=Loder |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=October 11, 1984 |access-date=December 18, 2018 |archive-date=December 19, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181219044257/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tina-turner-sole-survivor-78803/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The family lived in the rural [[Unincorporated area#United States|unincorporated community]] of [[Nutbush, Tennessee]], where Bullock's father worked as an overseer of the [[sharecropping|sharecroppers]] at Poindexter Farm on [[Tennessee State Route 180|Highway 180]]; she later recalled picking cotton with her family at an early age.{{sfn|Norris|2000|pp=25–30}}{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=170}}

Bullock was [[African Americans|African American]], but she believed she had a significant amount of [[Native American ancestry]] until she participated in the [[PBS]] series ''[[African American Lives 2]]'' with [[Henry Louis Gates Jr.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/video/tina-turner-reflects-on-being-a-black-woman-in-rock/|title=Tina Turner reflects on being a Black woman in rock - |publisher=CBS News|date=May 25, 2023}}</ref>{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=5–6}} Gates shared her [[genealogical DNA test]] estimates and traced her family timeline.<ref>{{cite web |title=African American Lives 2. Profiles. Tina Turner {{!}} PBS |url= https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/aalives/profiles/turner.html |website=[[WNET|Thirteen]] |access-date=May 25, 2023 |archive-date=December 9, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221209172234/https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/aalives/profiles/turner.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Bullock had two older sisters, Evelyn Juanita Currie and [[Alline Bullock|Ruby Alline Bullock]], a songwriter.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=6}} She was the first cousin once removed of bluesman [[Eugene Bridges]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Bock |first=Scott M. |date=April 2018 |title=Eugene 'Hideaway' Bridges |url= https://digital.livingblues.com/publication/?m=21747&i=485104&p=32 |magazine=Living Blues |location=University, Mississippi |publisher=Center for the Study of Southern Culture |volume=49 |number=2 |page=31 |access-date=December 6, 2020 |quote=But we ended up staying with my grandfather Jack Bullock. Anna Mae Bullock was Tina Turner. That was my mamma's cousin, so she is my second cousin. |archive-date=April 3, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210403095621/https://digital.livingblues.com/publication/?m=21747&i=485104&p=32 |url-status=live}}</ref> As young children, the three sisters were separated when their parents relocated to [[Knoxville, Tennessee]], to work at a defense facility during [[World War II]].{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=170}} Bullock went to stay with her strict, religious paternal grandparents, Alex and Roxanna Bullock, who were [[deacon]] and [[deaconess]] at the [[Woodlawn Baptist Church and Cemetery|Woodlawn Missionary Baptist Church]].{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=170}}{{sfn|Norris|2000|p=107}} After the war, the sisters reunited with their parents and moved with them to Knoxville.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=170}} Two years later, the family returned to Nutbush to live in the Flagg Grove community, where Bullock attended [[Flagg Grove School|Flagg Grove Elementary School]] from first through eighth grade.{{sfn|Gates|2005|p=114}}{{sfn|Norris|2000|p=27}}

As a young girl, Bullock sang in the church choir at Nutbush's Spring Hill Baptist Church.{{sfn|Norris|2000|p=28}}{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=174}} In 1950, when she was 11, her mother Zelma left without warning, seeking freedom from her abusive relationship with Floyd by relocating to [[St. Louis]].{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=171}} Two years after her mother left the family, her father married another woman and moved to Detroit. Bullock and her sisters were sent to live with their maternal grandmother, Georgeanna Currie, in Brownsville, Tennessee.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=171}} She stated in her autobiography ''[[I, Tina]]'' that she felt her parents did not love her and that she was not wanted.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=10–11}} Zelma had planned to leave Floyd but stayed once she became pregnant.{{sfn|Bego|2005|p=16}} Bullock recalled: "She was a very young woman who didn't want another kid."{{sfn|Bego|2005|p=16}}

As a teenager, Bullock worked as a [[domestic worker]] for the Henderson family in [[Ripley, Tennessee]].{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=29}} She was at the Henderson house when she was notified that her half-sister Evelyn had died in a car crash alongside her cousins Margaret Currie and Vela Evans, while Vela survived the car crash.{{sfn|Bego|2005|pp=26–28}}{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|pp=32}} A self-professed tomboy, Bullock joined both the [[cheerleading]] squad and the female basketball team at [[George Washington Carver High School (Brownsville, Tennessee)|Carver High School]] in Brownsville, and "socialized every chance she got".{{sfn|Norris|2000|pp=25–30}}{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=171}} When Bullock was 16, her grandmother died, so she went to live with her mother in St. Louis. She graduated from [[Sumner High School (St. Louis)|Sumner High School]] in 1958.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE2DC1331F933A25756C0A964958260 |title=Black History in St. Louis |date=May 10, 1992 |access-date=December 11, 2007 |work=The New York Times |quote=...&nbsp;Sumner High School, the first school west of the Mississippi for blacks established in 1875 (among graduates are Grace Bumbry, Arthur Ashe, and Tina Turner)&nbsp;.... |archive-date=June 2, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080602050559/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE2DC1331F933A25756C0A964958260 |url-status=live}}</ref> After high school, Bullock worked as a [[Unlicensed assistive personnel|nurse's aide]] at [[Barnes-Jewish Hospital]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.ajc.com/lifestyles/health/celebrities-you-never-knew-were-once-nurses/KKG8g0o3Td6C9O7tpDyznL/ |title=8 celebrities you never knew were once nurses |first=For the AJC |last=April Hunt |newspaper=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution |access-date=February 23, 2019 |archive-date=February 24, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190224001819/https://www.ajc.com/lifestyles/health/celebrities-you-never-knew-were-once-nurses/KKG8g0o3Td6C9O7tpDyznL/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Ike and Tina Turner==
{{Main|Ike & Tina Turner}}

===Origins: 1956–1960===
{{quote box
| quote  = I would have been lost in my life at that point without him. I mean, I could do two things: work in a hospital or sing in Ike's band. I didn't know anything else. Or anyone else. And I wanted to sing.
| source = —Tina Turner (1986){{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=59}}
| width  = 20em
| align  = right
| style  = padding:8px;
}}
Bullock and her sister began to perform frequently at nightclubs in St. Louis and [[East St. Louis, Illinois|East St. Louis]].{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=171}} She first saw [[Ike Turner]] perform with his band the [[Kings of Rhythm]] at the [[Club Manhattan]] in East St. Louis.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=171}} Bullock was impressed by his talent, recalling that she "almost went into a trance" watching him play.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=40}} She asked Turner to let her sing in his band despite the fact that few women had ever sung with him.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=174}} Turner said he would call her but never did.{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=71}} One night in 1956, Bullock got hold of the microphone from Kings of Rhythm drummer Eugene Washington during an [[intermission]] and she sang the [[B.B. King]] [[blues ballad]], "[[You Know I Love You (B.B. King song)|You Know I Love You]]".<ref name="Gleason-1969"/>{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=62}} Upon hearing Bullock sing, Ike Turner asked her if she knew more songs. She sang the rest of the night and became a featured vocalist with his band.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=175}}{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=62|1986}}{{sfn|Hasday|1999|p=10}} During this period, he taught her the finer points of vocal control and performance.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=175}} Bullock's first recording was in 1958 under the name Little Ann on the single "[[Boxtop (song)|Boxtop]]". She is credited as a vocalist on the record alongside Ike and fellow Kings of Rhythm singer Carlson Oliver.{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=253}}

In 1960, Ike Turner wrote "[[A Fool in Love]]" for singer [[Art Lassiter]]. Bullock was to sing background with Lassiter's backing vocalists, the Artettes. Lassiter failed to show up for the recording session at [[Technisonic Studios]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Durchholz |first=Daniel |title=We Like Ike |date=May 16, 2001 |work=Riverfront Times |url= https://www.riverfronttimes.com/stlouis/we-like-ike/Content?oid=2471513 |access-date=April 5, 2020 |archive-date=May 10, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200510080534/https://www.riverfronttimes.com/stlouis/we-like-ike/Content?oid=2471513 |url-status=live}}</ref> Since Turner had already paid for the studio time, Bullock suggested that she sing the lead.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.stlmag.com/A-Conversation-With-Robbie-Montgomery/ |title=A Conversation With Robbie Montgomery |last=Cooperman |first=Jeannette |date=February 26, 2010 |work=St. Louis Magazine |access-date=July 18, 2019 |archive-date=June 5, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190605095602/https://www.stlmag.com/A-Conversation-With-Robbie-Montgomery/ |url-status=live}}</ref>{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=73}} He decided to use Bullock to record a demo with the intention of erasing her vocals and adding Lassiter's at a later date.{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=73}}{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=175}} Local St. Louis disc jockey [[Dave Dixon (DJ)|Dave Dixon]] convinced Turner to send the tape to [[Juggy Murray]], president of R&B label [[Sue Records]].{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=74}}{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=176}} Upon hearing the song, Murray was impressed with Bullock's vocals, later stating that "Tina sounded like screaming dirt. It was a funky sound".{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=176}} Murray bought the track and paid Turner a $25,000 advance for the recording and publishing rights.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=176}}{{sfn|Collis|2003|p=25}}{{sfn|McKeen|2000|p=252}} Murray also convinced Turner to make Bullock "the star of the show".{{sfn|McKeen|2000|p=252}} Turner responded by renaming Bullock "Tina" because it rhymed with Sheena.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=176}}{{sfn|McKeen|2000|p=253}} He was inspired by [[Sheena, Queen of the Jungle]] and [[Nyoka the Jungle Girl]] to create her stage persona.{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=35}}{{sfn|Bego|2005|p=63}} Turner added his last name and trademarked the name "Tina Turner" as a form of protection; his idea was that if Bullock left him like his previous singers had, he could replace her with another "Tina Turner".{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|pp=74–75}} However, family and friends still called her Ann.<ref>{{Cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FPCVCgAAQBAJ&q=ann&pg=PA260 |title=Blues Unlimited: Essential Interviews from the Original Blues Magazine |last=Greensmith |first=Bill |publisher=University of Illinois Press |others=Russell, Tony, Camarigg, Mark, Rowe, Mike |date=2015 |isbn=9780252097508 |location=Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield |pages=247–248 |access-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-date=April 3, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210403095646/https://books.google.com/books?id=FPCVCgAAQBAJ&q=ann&pg=PA260 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=106–107}}

===Early success: 1960–1965===
[[File:Ike & Tina Turner - Cash Box 1962.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|Ike & Tina Turner on the cover of ''[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cash Box]]''{{'s}} June 30, 1962, issue]]
Bullock was introduced to the public as Tina Turner with the single "[[A Fool in Love]]" in July 1960.{{sfn|Bego|2005|pp=60–62}} It reached No. 2 on the [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|Hot R&B Sides]] chart and No. 27 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]. Journalist [[Kurt Loder]] described the track as "the [[black music|blackest record]] to ever creep into the white pop charts since [[Ray Charles]]'s gospel-styled '[[What'd I Say]]' that previous summer".{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=176}}{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=79|1986}} Another single from the duo, "[[It's Gonna Work Out Fine]]", reached No. 14 on the Hot 100 and No. 2 on the R&B chart in 1961, earning them a [[Grammy Awards|Grammy]] nomination for [[Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Song|Best Rock and Roll Performance]].<ref name="Music VF-2019" /><ref name="Grammy-2018"/> Other singles Ike and Tina Turner released between 1960 and 1962 included the R&B hits "[[I Idolize You]]", "[[Poor Fool]]", and "[[Tra La La La La]]".<ref>{{Citation |url= https://variety.com/2023/music/news/tina-turner-dead-singer-pop-rock-queen-1235624415/ |title=Tina Turner, Iconic Singer and Music Legend, Dies at 83 |date=May 24, 2023 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230524185559/https://variety.com/2023/music/news/tina-turner-dead-singer-pop-rock-queen-1235624415/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

After the release of "A Fool in Love", Ike Turner created the Ike & Tina Turner Revue, which included the Kings of Rhythm and a girl group, [[the Ikettes]], as backing vocalists and dancers. He remained in the background as the bandleader. Ike Turner put the entire revue through a rigorous touring schedule across the United States, performing 90 days straight in venues around the country.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=179}} During the days of the [[Chitlin' Circuit]], the Ike & Tina Turner Revue built a reputation as "one of the hottest, most durable, and potentially most explosive of all R&B ensembles", rivaling the [[James Brown]] Revue in terms of musical spectacle.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.history-of-rock.com/ike_and_tina_turner.htm |title=Ike and Tina Turner |publisher=History-Of-Rock.com  |archive-date=April 6, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120406095507/http://www.history-of-rock.com/ike_and_tina_turner.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Due to their profitable performances, they were able to perform in front of desegregated audiences in [[Southern United States|Southern]] clubs and hotels.<ref name="bbc-12-13-2007">{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7142242.stm |title=The musical legacy of Ike Turner |date=December 13, 2007 |work=BBC News – Entertainment |access-date=October 1, 2011 |publisher=BBC |archive-date=December 15, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071215183848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7142242.stm |url-status=live}}</ref>

Between 1963 and 1965, the band toured constantly and produced moderately successful R&B singles. Tina Turner's first credited single as a solo artist, "Too Many Ties That Bind"/"We Need an Understanding", was released from Ike Turner's label [[Sonja Records]] in 1964.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tina Turner – Too Many Ties That Bind |website=45cat |url=https://www.45cat.com/record/nc325435us |archive-date=July 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726033810/http://www.45cat.com/record/nc325435us |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=November 9, 1963 |title=Ike Turner Forms Label |magazine=Billboard |pages=4 |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1963/Billboard%201963-11-09.pdf |access-date=July 26, 2019 |archive-date=April 3, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210403095621/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/60s/1963/Billboard%201963-11-09.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Another single by the duo, "[[You Can't Miss Nothing That You Never Had]]", reached No. 29 on the ''Billboard'' R&B chart. After their tenure at Sue Records, the duo signed with more than ten labels during the remainder of the decade, including [[Kent Records|Kent]], Cenco, [[Tangerine Records (1962)|Tangerine]], [[Pompeii Records|Pompeii]], [[A&M Records|A&M]], and [[Minit Records|Minit]].{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=|pp=261–264}}<ref name="Callahan-31-10-2011">{{cite web |url= http://www.bsnpubs.com/nyc/sue/suestory.html |title=The Sue Records Story |last=Callahan |first=Michael |work=Both Sides Now |publisher=Mike Callahan |access-date=October 31, 2011 |archive-date=December 29, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111229092251/http://www.bsnpubs.com/nyc/sue/suestory.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1964, they signed to [[Warner Records|Warner Bros. Records]] and [[Bob Krasnow]] became their manager.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=March 21, 1964 |title=Ike & Tina, Rocky Fellers Pacted By Warner Bros. |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1964/CB-1964-03-21.pdf |journal=Cash Box |pages=35}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=July 2, 1966 |title=Krasnow Joins Marks' West Coast Staff |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Music/Archive-Cash-Box-IDX/60s/1966/CB-1966-07-02-World-Directory-OCR-Page-0207.pdf#search=%22bob%20krasnow%20turner%22 |journal=Cash Box |pages=215}}</ref> On the Warner Bros. label, they achieved their first charting album with ''[[Live! The Ike & Tina Turner Show]]'', peaking at No. 8 on the ''[[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|Billboard]]'' [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|Hot R&B LP]] chart in February 1965.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=February 6, 1965 |title=Hot R&B LP's |magazine=Billboard |pages=28 |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-02-06.pdf |access-date=August 16, 2019 |archive-date=April 3, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210403095621/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-02-06.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Their singles "[[Tell Him I'm Not Home|Tell Her I'm Not Home]]", released on [[Loma Records]], and "[[Good Bye, So Long]]", released on [[Modern Records]], were top 40 R&B hits in 1965.<ref name="Music VF-2019"/>

Tina Turner's profile was raised after several solo appearances on shows such as ''[[American Bandstand]]'' and ''[[Shindig!]]'' while the entire revue appeared on ''[[Hollywood a Go-Go]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=April 22, 1965 |title=Bud, Travis Guest On 'A Go Go' Sat. |pages=5 |work=Thousand Oaks Star}}</ref> In 1965, music producer [[Phil Spector]] attended an Ike & Tina Turner show at a club on the [[Sunset Strip]], and he invited them to appear in the concert film ''[[The Big T.N.T. Show]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/see-ike-tina-turners-explosive-james-brown-cover-from-big-t-n-t-dvd-124040/ |title=See Ike & Tina Turner's Explosive James Brown Cover From Big T.N.T. DVD |first=Daniel |last=Kreps |magazine=Rolling Stone |date=September 20, 2016 |access-date=November 13, 2018 |archive-date=November 13, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181113165832/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/see-ike-tina-turners-explosive-james-brown-cover-from-big-t-n-t-dvd-124040/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Mainstream success: 1966–1975===
[[File:Ike and Tina Turner, 1966.png|alt=The duo seated and singing|thumb|right|Ike & Tina Turner by [[Dennis Hopper]] in 1966]]
Impressed by the duo's performance on ''The Big T.N.T. Show'', Phil Spector was eager to produce Tina Turner.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=a-F4AmTkYgwC&q=River+Deep+-+Mountain+High+phil+spector&pg=PA109 |first=Richard |last=Williams |title=Phil Spector: out of his head |page=111 |publisher=Omnibus Press |date=2003 |isbn=0711998647 |access-date=October 24, 2009 |archive-date=April 3, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210403095621/https://books.google.com/books?id=a-F4AmTkYgwC&q=River+Deep+-+Mountain+High+phil+spector&pg=PA109 |url-status=live}}</ref> Working out a deal with Ike & Tina Turner's manager Bob Krasnow, who was also head of Loma, Spector offered $20,000 for creative control over the sessions to produce Turner and have Ike & Tina Turner released from their contract with Loma.<ref name="Fong-Torres-1971"/><ref>{{Cite journal |date=April 23, 1966 |title=Philips Signs Ike & Tina Turner |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-23.pdf |journal=Cash Box |pages=45 |access-date=May 27, 2020 |archive-date=December 18, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062722/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-23.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> They signed to Spector's [[Philles Records|Philles]] label in April 1966 after Tina Turner had already recorded with him.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=April 30, 1966 |title=Ike & Tina to Philles |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-30.pdf |journal=Cash Box |pages=56 |access-date=May 27, 2020 |archive-date=December 18, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062549/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-30.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Their first single on his label, "[[River Deep – Mountain High]]", was released in May 1966. Spector considered that record, with Turner's maximum energy over the "[[Wall of Sound]]", to be his best work.<ref name=pc21>{{Gilliland|url= https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19772/m1|title=Show 21 – Forty Miles of Bad Road: Some of the best from rock 'n' roll's dark ages. Part 2: UNT Digital Library|access-date=October 28, 2011}}</ref> It was successful overseas, reaching No. 3 on the [[UK Singles Chart]] and No. 1 on [[Los 40|Los 40 Principales]] in Spain,<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://los40.com/lista40/cuando_naciste/19661217 |title=Cuando nací era número 1 de los 40: (1966-12-17) Ike & Tina Turner: River Deep – Mountain High |website=LOS40 |language=es |access-date=March 22, 2020 |archive-date=March 22, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200322142547/https://los40.com/lista40/cuando_naciste/19661217 |url-status=live}}</ref> but it failed to go any higher than No. 88 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=June 18, 1966 |title=Billboard Hot 100 |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1966/Billboard%201966-06-18.pdf |magazine=Billboard |pages=18}}</ref> The impact of the record gave Ike & Tina Turner an opening spot on [[The Rolling Stones British Tour 1966|the Rolling Stones UK tour]] in the fall of 1966.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=102}} In November 1967, Turner became the first female artist and the first black artist to appear on the cover of ''Rolling Stone'' magazine.<ref name="Turner-2019">{{Cite magazine |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/tina-turner-musical-broadway-essay-906671/ |title=Tina Turner on Her Journey to Broadway |last=Turner |first=Tina |date=November 1, 2019 |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=April 5, 2020 |archive-date=April 15, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200415132617/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/tina-turner-musical-broadway-essay-906671/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-pictures/tina-turner-rolling-stone-covers-916255/rs002-2/ |title=Tina Turner on the Cover of Rolling Stone |magazine=Rolling Stone |date=November 23, 2019 |access-date=April 5, 2020 |archive-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191128161858/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-pictures/tina-turner-rolling-stone-covers-916255/rs002-2/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

The duo signed with [[Blue Thumb Records]] in 1968, releasing the album ''[[Outta Season]]'' in 1969.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Johnson |first=Pete |date=March 30, 1969 |title=Popular Records: New Album From Ike, Tina Turner |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-ike-and-tina-turne/130155043/ |access-date=May 10, 2024 |work=The Los Angeles Times Calendar |pages=46}}</ref> The album produced their charted cover of [[Otis Redding]]'s "[[I've Been Loving You Too Long]]".<ref name="Music VF-2019" /> Later that year they released ''[[The Hunter (Ike & Tina Turner album)|The Hunter]]'' album.<ref name="Billboard">{{Cite magazine |date=October 18, 1969 |title=Album Reviews |url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1969/BB-1969-10-18.pdf |magazine=Billboard}}</ref> The title track, [[Albert King]]'s "[[The Hunter (Albert King song)|The Hunter]]", earned Turner a Grammy nomination for [[Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance|Best Female R&B Vocal Performance]].<ref name="Grammy-2018">{{cite web |url= https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/tina-turner |title=Tina Turner |website=Recording Academy Grammy Awards |access-date=October 30, 2018 |archive-date=February 24, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180224173439/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/tina-turner |url-status=live}}</ref> The success of the albums led to the revue headlining in [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]], where their shows were attended by a variety of celebrities including [[Sly Stone]], [[Janis Joplin]], [[Cher]], [[James Brown]], [[Ray Charles]], [[Elton John]], and [[Elvis Presley]].<ref name="blues">{{cite book |first1=Vladimir |last1=Bogdanov |first2=Chris |last2=Woodstra |first3=Stephen Thomas |last3=Erlewine |title=All Music Guide to the Blues: The Definitive Guide to the Blues |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=nS2l6Z_J99kC |access-date=April 8, 2009 |edition=3rd |publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation |isbn=0-87930-736-6 |date=2003}}</ref> [[Sammy Davis Jr.]] was particularly fond of Turner, and after she filmed an episode of [[The Name of the Game (TV series)|''The Name of the Game'']] with him in Las Vegas he surprised her with a [[Jaguar XJ]]6.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=158}}

As the decade came to an end, Ike & Tina Turner began performing at music festivals.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 10, 1969 |title=Newport 69 to Showcase 30 Pop-Rock Super Stars |pages=26 |work=The Van Nuys News}}</ref> Tina Turner's fashion evolved from formal dresses to [[Miniskirt|minidresses]] and revealing outfits.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Begley |first=Mary |date=June 2, 1969 |title=Spotlights Turn Her On |pages=4D |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch}}</ref> She emerged as a [[sex symbol]] and was praised for her sensual performances.<ref name="Gleason-1969">{{Cite news |last=Gleason |first=Ralph J. |date=November 16, 1969 |title=Tina Turner - A Triumph of Instant Ecstasy |pages=37 |work=San Francisco Sunday Examiner & Chronicle |url= https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-tina-turner/129434829/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kasindorf |first=Martin |date=December 21, 1969 |title=Ike and Tina Turner: The Sex Revolution on Stage |pages=27 |work=Dayton Daily News |url= https://www.newspapers.com/article/dayton-daily-news-ike-and-tuna-turner-t/132712035/}}</ref>

[[File:Tina Turner Tulane Stadium 24 Oct 1970 - 01.jpg|thumb|Turner performing on stage at [[Tulane Stadium]] during ''[[Tulane Stadium#Soul Bowl '70|Soul Bowl '70]]'' in October 1970|alt=|left|upright=0.65]]
In the fall of 1969, Ike & Tina Turner's profile in their home country was raised after opening for [[the Rolling Stones]] on their [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1969|US tour]].<ref name="R&R Hall of Fame-2021">{{Cite web |title=Ike and Tina Turner |url= https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/ike-and-tina-turner |access-date=February 27, 2021 |publisher=Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |archive-date=March 7, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210307234729/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/ike-and-tina-turner |url-status=live}}</ref> They gained more exposure from performances on ''[[The Ed Sullivan Show]]'', ''[[Playboy After Dark]]'', and ''[[The Andy Williams Show]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://people.com/music/hugh-hefner-dead-playboy-after-dark-music-performances/ |title=15 Electrifying Musical Performances from Hugh Hefner's Playboy After Dark |last=Runtagh |first=Jordan |date=September 28, 2017 |website=People |access-date=September 14, 2019 |archive-date=July 23, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190723231819/https://people.com/music/hugh-hefner-dead-playboy-after-dark-music-performances/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.edsullivan.com/ike-tina-turner-on-the-ed-sullivan-show/ |title=Ike & Tina Turner on The Ed Sullivan Show |website=The Official Ed Sullivan Site |date=January 11, 2012 |access-date=September 14, 2019 |archive-date=September 21, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190921110112/http://www.edsullivan.com/ike-tina-turner-on-the-ed-sullivan-show/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=May 1971 |title=Ike & Tina Turner |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=aNsDAAAAMBAJ&q=The+Andy+Williams+Show+ike+tina&pg=PA92 |journal=Ebony |pages=92}}</ref> The duo released two albums in 1970, ''[[Come Together (Ike & Tina Turner album)|Come Together]]'' and ''[[Workin' Together]]''. Their cover of "[[I Want to Take You Higher]]" peaked at No. 34 on the Hot 100, whereas the original by [[Sly and the Family Stone]] had peaked at No. 38.<ref name="Music VF-2019">{{Cite web |url= https://www.musicvf.com/Ike+%2526+Tina+Turner.art |title=Ike & Tina Turner Songs ••• Top Songs / Chart Singles Discography |website=Music VF, US & UK hits charts |access-date=March 23, 2020 |archive-date=April 17, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190417175610/http://musicvf.com/Ike+%2526+Tina+Turner.art |url-status=live}}</ref> The ''Come Together'' and ''Workin' Together'' albums marked a turning point in their careers in which they switched from their usual R&B repertoire to incorporate more rock tunes such as "[[Come Together]]", "[[Honky Tonk Women|Honky Tonk Woman]]", and "[[Get Back (The Beatles song)|Get Back]]".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lloyd |first=Jack |date=May 3, 1970 |title=Tina Turner Scores As World's 'Sexiest' Singer |url= https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-ike-and-tina-t/129056809/ |journal=The Philadelphia Inquirer |pages=4 5a}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wesy |first=Hollie I. |date=November 27, 1970 |title=Tina Turner Can Turn On Middle Americans As Well |pages=16C |work=The Herald-Sun |url= https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-herald-sun-ike-and-tina-turner-wor/129055546/}}</ref>

In early 1971, their cover of [[Creedence Clearwater Revival]]'s "[[Proud Mary]]" became their biggest hit. The single reached No. 4 on the Hot 100 and sold more than a million copies, winning them a Grammy for [[Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals|Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group]].{{sfn|Whitburn|2004|p=645}}{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=182}}{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=160|1986}} In July 1971, their live album, ''[[What You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall|What You Hear Is What You Get]],'' was released''.'' It was recorded at [[Carnegie Hall]] and became their first [[Music recording certification#Certification thresholds|certified Gold]] album. Later that year they had a top 40 R&B hit with "[[Ooh Poo Pah Doo]]".<ref name="Music VF-2019"/> Their next three singles to chart, "[[I'm Yours (Use Me Anyway You Wanna)]]", "[[Up in Heah]]", and "[[Early One Morning (Little Richard song)|Early One Morning]]" (a [[Little Richard]] cover) all peaked at No. 47 on the R&B chart.<ref name="Music VF-2019"/>

In 1972, the Turners opened [[Bolic Sound]] recording studio near their home in [[Inglewood, California|Inglewood]].{{sfn|Kiersh|1985|pp=37–38}} After Liberty was absorbed into [[United Artists Records]], they were assigned to that label.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=January 23, 1971 |title=UA Corp Absorbs Lines; UA Records Sole Disk Co. |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/70s/1971/Billboard%201971-01-23.pdf |magazine=Billboard |pages=3}}</ref> Around this time, Tina Turner began writing more songs. She wrote nine out of the ten tracks on their 1972 album ''[[Feel Good (Ike & Tina Turner album)|Feel Good]]''.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=July 15, 1972 |title=Album Reviews: Ike & Tina Turner – Feel Good |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/70s/1972/BB-1972-07-15.pdf |magazine=Billboard |pages=50}}</ref> In October 1972, Turner and the Ikettes performed at [[Star-Spangled Women for McGovern–Shriver|Star-Spangled Women]], a political fundraiser for the [[George McGovern 1972 presidential campaign|1972 presidential campaign]] of [[George McGovern]], at [[Madison Square Garden]] in New York City.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Beckman |first=Don |date=October 29, 1972 |title=Music: Rally for McGovern |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1972/10/29/archives/music-rally-for-mcgovern-women-stars-turn-out-at-the-garden-in.html |access-date=September 22, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

The duo's 1973 hit single "[[Nutbush City Limits]]" (No. 22 Pop, No. 11 R&B), penned by Tina Turner, reached No. 1 in Austria, No. 4 in the UK, and the top 5 in several other countries.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://dutchcharts.nl/search.asp?todo=notfound |title=Ike & Tina Turner – Nutbush City Limits |website=Dutch Charts |access-date=March 23, 2020 |archive-date=February 14, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200214151751/https://dutchcharts.nl/search.asp?todo=notfound |url-status=live}}</ref> It was certified silver by the [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]] for selling a quarter of a million in the UK.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=January 5, 1974 |title=They're The Limit! |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Record-World/70s/74/RW-1974-01-05.pdf |journal=Record World |pages=27}}</ref> As a result of their success, they received the Golden European Record Award, the first ever given, for selling more than one million records of "Nutbush City Limits" in Europe.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=December 28, 1974 |title=Golden First For The Turner's |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-12-28.pdf |journal=Cash Box |pages=116}}</ref> Their follow-up hits included "[[Sweet Rhode Island Red (song)|Sweet Rhode Island Red]]", and "[[Sexy Ida]]" in 1974.<ref name="Music VF-2019"/>

In 1974, the duo released the Grammy-nominated album ''[[The Gospel According to Ike & Tina]]'', which was nominated for [[Grammy Award for Best Soul Gospel Performance, Male|Best Soul Gospel Performance]].<ref name="Grammy-2018"/> Ike also received a solo nomination for his single "[[Farther Along (song)|Father Alone]]" from the album.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/ike-turner |title=Ike Turner |website=Recording Academy Grammy Awards |access-date=August 16, 2019 |archive-date=July 19, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200719150107/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/ike-turner |url-status=live}}</ref> Tina Turner's first solo album, ''[[Tina Turns the Country On!]]'', earned her a nomination for [[Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance|Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female]].<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-country/flashback-tina-turner-covers-dolly-parton-kris-kristofferson-on-first-solo-album-236697/ |title=Flashback: Tina Turner Covers Dolly Parton, Kris Kristofferson on First Solo Album |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=January 11, 2019 |date=February 12, 2015 |last=Betts |first=Stephen L. |archive-date=November 18, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181118122958/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-country/flashback-tina-turner-covers-dolly-parton-kris-kristofferson-on-first-solo-album-236697/ |url-status=live}}</ref> That year, Tina Turner filmed the [[rock opera]] ''[[Tommy (1975 film)|Tommy]]'' in London.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=May 11, 1974 |title=Tina to 'Tommy' |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1974/CB-1974-05-11.pdf |journal=Cash Box |pages=27}}</ref> She played the Acid Queen, a drug-addicted prostitute; her performance was critically acclaimed. Shortly after filming wrapped, Turner appeared on [[Ann-Margret]]'s TV special.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/music-news/tina-turner-dead-electrifying-entertainer-feminist-hero-1235499856/ |title=Tina Turner, Electrifying Entertainer and Feminist Hero, Dies at 83 |first=Deborah |last=Wilker |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=May 24, 2023 |access-date=May 24, 2023}}</ref> Following the release of ''Tommy'' in 1975, Tina Turner released another solo album: ''[[Acid Queen (album)|Acid Queen]]''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Othello |first=Jeffrey |title=The Soul of Rock 'N Roll: A History of African Americans in Rock Music |date=June 15, 2012 |publisher=Regent Press |isbn=9781623091163 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GglkAAAACAAJ}}</ref> The album reached No. 39 on the ''Billboard'' R&B chart. It produced the charting singles "[[Baby, Get It On]]" and a cover of [[Led Zeppelin]]'s "[[Whole Lotta Love]]".<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=December 13, 1975 |title=Billboard Hot Soul Singles |url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/70s/1975/Billboard-1975-12-13.pdf |magazine=Billboard}}</ref>

===Split: 1976===
By the mid-1970s, Ike was heavily addicted to [[cocaine dependence|cocaine]], which hindered his relationship with Tina.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.riverfronttimes.com/music/ike-turner-and-cocaine-a-devastating-dance-2674413 |title=Ike Turner and Cocaine: A Devastating Dance |work=[[Riverfront Times]] |last=Rosenbaum |first=Jason |date=February 16, 2012 |archive-date=March 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308153632/https://www.riverfronttimes.com/musicblog/2012/02/16/ike-turner-and-cocaine-a-devastating-dance |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1976, they headlined at the [[Waldorf Astoria New York]] and signed a television deal with [[CBS|CBS-TV]]. Ike made plans for them to leave United Artists Records for a five-year deal with [[Cream Records]] for $150,000 per year; the deal was to be signed on July 5.{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=180}}

On July 1, the Turners flew from Los Angeles to [[Dallas]], where the revue had a gig at the [[The Statler Hotel & Residences|Statler Hilton]] in downtown. The couple got into a physical altercation on their way to the hotel. Shortly after arriving, Tina fled from Ike with only 36 cents and a [[Mobil]] card to the nearby [[Ramada Inn]] across the freeway.{{sfn|''Ebony''|1986|p=38}} She filed for divorce on July 27 and it was finalized on March 29, 1978.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|pp=190–192|1986}}<ref name="EW-19960802"/> After their separation, United Artists released two more albums credited to the duo: ''[[Delilah's Power]]'' (1977) and ''[[Airwaves (Ike & Tina Turner album)|Airwaves]]'' (1978).{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=173}}{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=270}}

==Solo career==
===Early solo career: 1976–1982===
In 1976 and 1977, Tina Turner earned income by appearing on TV shows such as ''[[Hollywood Squares|The Hollywood Squares]]'', ''[[Donny & Marie (1976 TV series)|Donny & Marie]]'', ''[[The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour|The Sonny & Cher Show]]'', and ''[[The Brady Bunch Hour]]''.{{sfn|Mabery|1986|pp=88–90}} After her separation from Ike, lawsuits were mounting for canceled Ike & Tina Turner gigs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 4, 1977 |title=Temple U. Sues Ike And Tina Turner |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=qb8DAAAAMBAJ&q=tina+turner+sued+jet&pg=PA59 |work=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]] |pages=59}}</ref>{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=198|1986}} She resumed touring to pay off her debts, with finances given to her by United Artists executive [[Michael Stewart (music executive)|Mike Stewart]].{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=203|1986}} In 1977, she re-emerged with new costumes created by [[Bob Mackie]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lucas |first=Bob |date=January 5, 1978 |title=New Year, New Tina, New Title |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=WL8DAAAAMBAJ&q=tina+turner+jet+1978&pg=PA21 |work=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]] |pages=20–24}}</ref> She headlined a series of [[cabaret]] shows at [[Caesars Palace]] in [[Las Vegas]] and took her act to smaller venues in the United States.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lucas |first=Bob |date=July 28, 1977 |title=Trials And Triumphs Test Tina Turner |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qr8DAAAAMBAJ&q=tina+turner+caesars+palace+1977&pg=PA58 |work=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]] |pages=58–60}}</ref> Later that year, she embarked on her first solo concert tour in Australia.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.smh.com.au/culture/music/tremendously-powerful-presence-george-miller-jimmy-barnes-pay-tributes-to-tina-turner-20230525-p5db4c.html | title=Thunderdome, Nutbush and rugby league: George Miller, Jimmy Barnes honour Tina Turner | first1=Lenny Ann | last1=Low | first2=Garry | last2=Maddox | first3=Nell | last3=Geraets | first4=Martin | last4=Boulton | work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] | date=May 25, 2023}}</ref>

In 1978, Turner released her third solo album, ''[[Rough (album)|Rough]]'', on United Artists with distribution in North America and Europe on [[EMI Records|EMI]]. That album, along with its 1979 follow-up, ''[[Love Explosion]]'', which included a brief diversion to [[disco]] music, failed to chart, so United Artists Records and Turner parted ways.{{sfn|Wynn|1985|p=70}} Without the premise of a hit record, she continued performing and headlined her second tour.{{sfn|Koenig|1986|pp=20–30}}

In 1979, Australian manager [[Roger Davies (manager)|Roger Davies]] agreed to manage Turner after seeing her perform at the [[Fairmont San Francisco|Fairmont Hotel]] in San Francisco.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=176}} In early 1979, Turner worked in Italy as a regular performer on the [[Rai 1|Rete 1]] TV series ''[[:it:Luna Park (programma televisivo 1979)|Luna Park]]'', hosted by [[Pippo Baudo]] and [[Heather Parisi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 26, 2019 |title=Tina Turner anni Ottanta, i meriti di Pippo Baudo |url= https://www.indiscreto.info/2019/11/tina-turner-anni-ottanta-i-meriti-di-pippo-baudo.html |access-date=November 17, 2020 |website=Indiscreto |language=it-IT}}</ref> Later that year, she embarked on a controversial five-week tour of South Africa during the [[apartheid]] regime.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=176–177}} She later regretted the decision, stating that she was "naive about the politics in South Africa" at the time.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=May 27, 1985 |title=Should Famous Blacks Entertain In South Africa |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=abADAAAAMBAJ&q=south+africa+tina+turner+1979&pg=PA52 |journal=Jet |pages=55}}</ref>

In October 1981, [[Rod Stewart]] attended Turner's show at [[The Ritz (rock club)|the Ritz]] in New York City and invited her to perform "[[Hot Legs]]" with him on ''[[Saturday Night Live]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Palmer |first=Robert |date=October 28, 1981 |title=The Pop Life |work=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/28/arts/pop-life.html |access-date=November 17, 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 24, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150524084953/http://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/28/arts/pop-life.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In November, Turner opened three shows for the Rolling Stones during their [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1981|1981 American Tour]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rockwell |first=John |date=November 7, 1981 |title=Pop: The Stones at Play |work=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/07/arts/pop-the-stones-at-play.html |access-date=November 17, 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 24, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150524080514/http://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/07/arts/pop-the-stones-at-play.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Turner performed in March 1982 in the Willem Ruis show (Netherlands), which resulted in the hit "[[Shame, Shame, Shame (Shirley & Company song)|Shame, Shame, Shame]]" (reaching No. 47 in the Netherlands). In 1982 Turner's recording of [[the Temptations]]' "[[Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)|Ball of Confusion]]" for the UK production team [[British Electric Foundation|B.E.F.]] became a hit in European dance clubs.{{sfn|Fissinger|1985|p=82}} In 1982, Turner also appeared on the album ''Music of Quality and Distinction Volume 1'' by B.E.F., a side project of [[Heaven 17]], singing "Ball of Confusion". She filmed a music video for "Ball of Confusion" that aired on the fledgling music video channel [[MTV]], becoming one of the first [[African Americans|black American]] artists to gain airtime on the channel.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=October 9, 2006 |title=Why It Took MTV So Long To Play Black Music Videos |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=fDoDAAAAMBAJ&q=african+americans+MTV+tina+turner+1983&pg=PA16 |journal=Jet |pages=16}}</ref> Also in 1982, Turner appeared as a special guest on [[Chuck Berry]]'s television special performed at [[Roxy Theatre (West Hollywood)|The Roxy]] in [[West Hollywood, California|West Hollywood]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Heller |first=Jason |title=Chuck Berry: 10 Great Collaborations |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/chuck-berry-10-great-collaborations-116615/chuck-berry-and-tina-turner-rock-and-roll-music-1982-117119/ |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=May 25, 2023 |date=March 20, 2017}}</ref>

===Career resurgence and superstardom: 1983–2000===
Until 1983, Turner was considered a nostalgia act, performing mostly at hotel ballrooms and clubs in the United States.<ref name="Benarde-1985">{{Cite web |url= https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1985-11-29-8502230794-story.html |title=Turner Excels in Gritty Role of a Soul Survivor |last=Benarde |first=Scott |date=November 29, 1985 |website=Sun-Sentinel |access-date=December 5, 2019 |archive-date=December 5, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191205062129/https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1985-11-29-8502230794-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref> During her second stint at the Ritz, she signed with [[Capitol Records]] in 1983.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=188}} In November 1983, she released her cover of [[Al Green]]'s "[[Let's Stay Together (Al Green song)|Let's Stay Together]]", which was produced by [[British Electric Foundation|B.E.F]]. It reached several European charts, including No. 6 in the UK.<ref name="Chart Stats: Tina Turner (Let's Stay Together)">{{cite web |url= https://www.officialcharts.com/search/singles/Let's+Stay+Together |title=The Official Charts Company – Let's Stay Together by Tina Turner Search |date=May 3, 2016 |publisher=The Official Charts Company}}</ref><ref name="Tina Turner: Let's Stay Together (song)">{{cite web |url= http://www.dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Tina+Turner&titel=Let%27s+Stay+Together&cat=s |title=Tina Turner: Let's Stay Together (song) |work=Hung Medien |access-date=December 26, 2010 |archive-date=July 15, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120715232848/http://www.dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Tina+Turner&titel=Let%27s+Stay+Together&cat=s |url-status=live}}</ref> In the US, the song peaked at No. 26 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, No. 1 on [[Dance Club Songs|Hot Dance Club Songs]], and No. 3 on [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|Hot Black Singles]].<ref name="Billboard-2019">{{Cite magazine |url= https://www.billboard.com/music/tina-turner/chart-history |title=Tina Turner Chart History |magazine=Billboard |access-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191128121910/https://www.billboard.com/music/tina-turner/chart-history |url-status=live}}</ref>

Following the single's surprise success, Capitol Records approved a studio album. Turner had two weeks to record her ''[[Private Dancer]]'' album, which was released in May 1984.<ref name="Benarde-1985"/> It reached No. 3 on the ''Billboard'' 200 and No. 2 in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url= https://www.billboard.com/music/tina-turner |title=Tina Turner Private Dancer Chart History |magazine=Billboard |access-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-date=November 12, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191112192801/https://www.billboard.com/music/tina-turner |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Summer of '84: We totally loved these three albums |first=Korina |last=Lopez |website=USA Today |url= https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2014/06/22/summer-of-1984-we-totally-loved-these-three-albums/10595863/ |access-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191128121824/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2014/06/22/summer-of-1984-we-totally-loved-these-three-albums/10595863/ |url-status=live}}</ref> ''Private Dancer'' was certified 5× Platinum in the United States,<ref name="RIAA-2020"/> and sold 10 million copies worldwide, becoming her most successful album.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=June 9, 2008 |title=APRA Lauds Aussie Manager Davies |magazine=Billboard |url= https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/1307581/apra-lauds-aussie-manager-davies |access-date=November 29, 2020 |archive-date=October 24, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201024090216/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/1307581/apra-lauds-aussie-manager-davies |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url= http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=1411 |title=Tina Turner |access-date=September 3, 2008 |encyclopedia=[[Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture]] |first=Sharon |last=Norris |archive-date=May 22, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130522084619/http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=1411 |url-status=live}}</ref> Also in May 1984, Capitol issued the album's second single, "[[What's Love Got to Do with It (song)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]";<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.officialcharts.com/search/singles/what%27s-love-got-to-do-with-it/ |title=what's love got to do with it {{pipe}} full Official Chart History |publisher=Official Charts Company |access-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191128203511/https://www.officialcharts.com/search/singles/what%27s-love-got-to-do-with-it/ |url-status=live}}</ref> the song had previously been recorded by the pop group [[Bucks Fizz]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Tina Turner Win Best Pop Vocal Performance |date=November 22, 2019 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences |url= https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/grammy-rewind-watch-tina-turner-win-best-pop-vocal-performance-female-1985-grammys |access-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-date=June 3, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200603124454/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/grammy-rewind-watch-tina-turner-win-best-pop-vocal-performance-female-1985-grammys |url-status=live}}</ref> Following the album's release, Turner joined [[Lionel Richie]] as the opening act on his tour.<ref name="Benarde-1985"/>

On September 1, 1984, Turner achieved her first and only No. 1 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 with "What's Love Got to Do with It".<ref name="Billboard-2019"/> The follow-up singles "[[Better Be Good to Me]]" and "[[Private Dancer (Tina Turner song)|Private Dancer]]" were both US top 10 hits.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Music in the 20th Century (3 Vol Set) |first=Dave |last=DiMartino |date=April 15, 2016 |publisher=Routledge |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=aR8GDAAAQBAJ&q=better+be+good+to+me+private+dancer+succerss&pg=PT2034 |via=Google Books |isbn=9781317464297}}</ref> The same year, she duetted with [[David Bowie]] on a cover of [[Iggy Pop]]'s "[[Tonight (Iggy Pop song)|Tonight]]". Released as a single in November, it peaked at No. 53 in both the UK and the US.<ref>{{cite book |last=Pegg |first=Nicholas |author-link=Nicholas Pegg |title=The Complete David Bowie |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=LqFkDQAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Titan Books]] |location=London |edition=Revised and Updated |date=2016 |isbn=978-1-78565-365-0 |page=287}}</ref>

Turner culminated her comeback when she won three Grammys at the [[27th Annual Grammy Awards]], including the [[Grammy Award for Record of the Year]] for "What's Love Got to Do with It".<ref name="Grammy-2018"/> In February 1985, she embarked on her [[Private Dancer Tour|second world tour]] to support the ''Private Dancer'' album. Two nights were filmed at [[Birmingham|Birmingham, England]]'s [[Resorts World Arena|NEC Arena]] and later released as a concert on home video. During this time, she also contributed vocals to the [[USA for Africa]] benefit song "[[We Are the World]]".{{sfn|Bego|2005|p=182}}

Turner's success continued when she traveled to Australia to star opposite [[Mel Gibson]] in the 1985 post-apocalyptic film ''[[Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome]]''. The movie provided her with her first acting role in ten years; she portrayed the glamorous Aunty Entity, the ruler of Bartertown.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lichtenfeld |first=Eric |title=Action Speaks Louder: Violence, Spectacle, and the American Action Movie |publisher=Wesleyan University Press |date=2007 |page=153 |isbn=978-0-8195-6801-4}}</ref> Upon release, critical response to her performance was generally positive.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=July 29, 1985 |title=Tina Turner Excels In First Dramatic Role In 'Mad Max' Movie |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=mLQDAAAAMBAJ&q=tina+turner |journal=Jet |volume=68 |issue=20 |pages=28–30}}</ref> The film was a global success, grossing more than $36&nbsp;million in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last=Allen |first=Robert Clyde |title=To be Continued: Soap Operas Around the World |publisher=Routledge |date=1995 |page=115 |isbn=0-415-11006-8}}</ref> Turner later received the [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture|NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress]] for her role in the film.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=January 1986 |title=Image Awards |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=dCoEAAAAMBAJ&q=tina+turner+NAACP+mad+max&pg=PA42 |journal=The Crisis |volume=93 |issue=1 |pages=42}}</ref> She recorded two songs for the film, "[[We Don't Need Another Hero (Thunderdome)]]" and "[[One of the Living]]"; both became hits, with the latter winning her a [[Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance]].<ref name="Grammy-2018"/> In July 1985, Turner performed at [[Live Aid]] alongside [[Mick Jagger]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Denisoff |first=R. Serge |title=Inside MTV |publisher=Transaction Publishers |date=1988 |pages=274, 278 |isbn=0-88738-864-7}}</ref> Their performance shocked observers when Jagger ripped her skirt off.<ref name="Tina2018">{{cite web |last=Brooks |first=Daphne |date=March 22, 2018 |title=Tina Turner: the making of a rock'n'roll revolutionary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/mar/22/tina-turner-the-making-of-a-rocknroll-revolutionary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215121143/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/mar/22/tina-turner-the-making-of-a-rocknroll-revolutionary |archive-date=December 15, 2018 |access-date=December 15, 2018 |work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-07-13/live-aid-30th-anniversary-seven-things-need-to-know/6615328 |title=Live Aid at 30: Seven things about Bob Geldof's charity concert |first=Lucinda |last=Kent |date=July 13, 2015 |publisher=ABC News |access-date=June 3, 2019 |archive-date=December 13, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191213223515/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-07-13/live-aid-30th-anniversary-seven-things-need-to-know/6615328 |url-status=live}}</ref> Turner released a duet, "[[It's Only Love (Bryan Adams song)|It's Only Love]]", with [[Bryan Adams]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.officialcharts.com/search/singles/it%27s-only-love/ |title=it's only love – full Official Chart History |publisher=Official Charts Company |access-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190505010028/https://www.officialcharts.com/search/singles/it%27s-only-love/ |url-status=live}}</ref> It was nominated for a Grammy Award, and the music video won an [[MTV Video Music Awards|MTV Video Music Award]] for Best Stage Performance.<ref name="Wikane-2018">{{cite web |url= https://www.popmatters.com/tina-turners-lifetime-grammy-gold-2532222628.html |title=Jewels for the Queen: Tina Turner's Lifetime of Grammy Gold |last=John Wikane |first=Christian |date=February 9, 2018 |website=PopMatters |access-date=March 4, 2018 |archive-date=March 4, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180304172615/https://www.popmatters.com/tina-turners-lifetime-grammy-gold-2532222628.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1986, Turner released her sixth solo album, ''[[Break Every Rule]]'', which reached No. 1 in four countries and sold over five million copies worldwide within its first year of release.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=August 15, 1987 |title=Break Every Rule |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/80s/1987/Billboard-1987-08-15.pdf |magazine=Billboard |pages=T-22 |access-date=November 29, 2020 |archive-date=December 5, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201205080926/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/80s/1987/Billboard-1987-08-15.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The album sold more than a million copies in the United States and Germany alone.<ref name="RIAA-2020">{{cite web |url= https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=tina+turner#search_section |title=Gold & Platinum – RIAA |website=[[Recording Industry Association of America]] |access-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-date=September 24, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200924125806/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=tina+turner#search_section |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.offiziellecharts.de/album-details-443 |title=Tina Turner – Break Every Rule |language=de |publisher=[[GfK Entertainment]] |access-date=September 14, 2015 |archive-date=October 27, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151027203737/https://www.offiziellecharts.de/album-details-443 |url-status=live}}</ref> The album featured the singles "[[Typical Male]]", "[[Two People (song)|Two People]]", "[[What You Get Is What You See]]", and the Grammy-winning "[[Back Where You Started]]". Prior to the album's release, Turner published her autobiography ''[[I, Tina]]'', which became a bestseller. That year, she received a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]].<ref name="Walk of Fame-2019">{{Cite web |url= https://www.walkoffame.com/tina-turner |title=Tina Turner |website=Hollywood Walk of Fame |date=October 25, 2019 |access-date=November 3, 2019 |archive-date=November 3, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191103022626/https://www.walkoffame.com/tina-turner |url-status=live}}</ref> Her [[Break Every Rule World Tour]], which began in March 1987 in [[Munich]], Germany, was the third highest-grossing tour by a female artist in North America that year.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hilburn |first=Robert |date=January 23, 1988 |title=U2's $35-Million Gross Is Highest for '87 Tour |work=Los Angeles Times |url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-01-23-ca-9654-story.html#:~:text=Pollstar's%20estimate%20of%20the%20other,million%20(101)%3B%20Boston%2C%20%2418.1 |access-date=April 3, 2021 |archive-date=September 9, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210909194112/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-01-23-ca-9654-story.html#:~:text=Pollstar's%20estimate%20of%20the%20other,million%20(101)%3B%20Boston%2C%20%2418.1 |url-status=live}}</ref> In January 1988, Turner performed in front of approximately {{formatnum:180000}} at [[Maracanã Stadium]] in [[Rio de Janeiro|Rio de Janeiro, Brazil]], setting a [[Guinness World Records|Guinness World Record]] at the time for the [[List of highest-attended concerts|largest paying concert attendance]] for a solo artist.<ref name=upi88>{{cite web |url= https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/01/17/Mini-skirted-Tina-Turner-claims-record-audience/7848569394000/ |title=Mini-skirted Tina Turner claims record audience |work=[[United Press International]] |date=January 17, 1988 |access-date=November 1, 2018 |archive-date=November 1, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181101135944/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/01/17/Mini-skirted-Tina-Turner-claims-record-audience/7848569394000/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Guinness">{{cite web |title=Mad Max Fury Road: Ten Road Warrior themed world records |date=May 15, 2015 |website=guinnessworldrecords.com |url= http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2015/5/mad-max-fury-road-ten-road-warrior-themed-world-records-378880 |access-date=November 2, 2018 |archive-date=November 13, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181113025507/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2015/5/mad-max-fury-road-ten-road-warrior-themed-world-records-378880 |url-status=live}}</ref> In April 1988, Turner released the ''[[Tina Live in Europe]]'' album, which won a Grammy Award for [[Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance#Recipients|Best Female Rock Vocal Performance]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.msn.com/en-us/entertainment/celebrity/tina-turner-life-in-pictures/ss-BBeOZMP |title=Tina Turner: Life in pictures |publisher=MSN |access-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190505012300/https://www.msn.com/en-us/entertainment/celebrity/tina-turner-life-in-pictures/ss-BBeOZMP |url-status=live}}</ref> After taking time off following the end of the tour, she emerged with the ''[[Foreign Affair]]'' album in 1989. It reached No. 1 in eight countries, including in the UK (5× Platinum), her first number-one album there. The album sold over six million copies worldwide and included the international hit single "[[The Best (song)|The Best]]".<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-17-ca-351-story.html |title=Tina Turner 'Foreign Affair.' Capitol ***:***** Great Balls of Fire:**** Knockin' on Heaven's:*** Good Vibrations:** Maybe Baby:* Ain't That a Shame |first=Connie |last=Johnson |date=September 17, 1989 |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=December 5, 2019 |archive-date=December 5, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191205062129/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-17-ca-351-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="totalsales">{{cite web |url= https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DD163EF934A35757C0A962958260 |title=Dan Hartman Dies; Songwriter Was 43 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 7, 1994 |access-date=October 27, 2015 |archive-date=December 3, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071203115635/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DD163EF934A35757C0A962958260 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1990, Turner embarked on her [[Foreign Affair: The Farewell Tour|Foreign Affair European Tour]], which drew in nearly four million spectators—breaking the record for a European tour that was previously set by [[the Rolling Stones]].<ref name="jet">{{cite magazine |date=November 26, 1990 |title=Tina ends European tour and will take a year off |magazine=[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]] |volume=79 |issue=7 |page=35 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=lbsDAAAAMBAJ&q=tina%20turner%20foreign%20affair%20tour%20breaks%20record&pg=PA35}}</ref> In October 1991 Turner released her first [[Greatest hits album|greatest hits]] compilation ''[[Simply the Best (Tina Turner album)|Simply the Best]]'', which sold seven million copies worldwide.<ref name="sales">{{cite web |url= https://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/fashion/news/a/16339302/simply-the-best-tina-turner-is-vogues-oldest-cover-girl/ |title=Simply the Best: Tina Turner is Vogue's oldest cover girl |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=October 27, 2015 |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160305220355/https://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/fashion/news/a/16339302/simply-the-best-tina-turner-is-vogues-oldest-cover-girl/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The album is her biggest seller in the UK, where it is certified 8× Platinum with more than two million copies sold.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.everyhit.com./recordalb.html |title=Record-Breakers and Trivia – Albums – everyHit.com |work=com. |access-date=September 5, 2020 |archive-date=January 30, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210130021740/http://www.everyhit.com/recordalb.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{quote box
| width  = 20em
| align  = left
| quote  = ''Private Dancer'' was the beginning of my success in England and basically Europe has been very supportive of my music.&nbsp;... [I am] not as big as [[Madonna]] [in the United States]. I'm as big as Madonna in Europe. I'm as big as, in some places [in Europe], as [[the Rolling Stones]] {{sic}}.
| source = —Turner reflecting on her European success, ''[[Larry King Live]]'', 1997<ref name="LarryKing">{{cite web |url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UgtEeU_DDWY |title=Why Tina Turner left the U.S. (1997 Larry King Live interview) |date=May 20, 2016 |access-date=January 26, 2018 |via=YouTube |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190420003845/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UgtEeU_DDWY |url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

In 1991, Ike & Tina Turner were inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]].<ref name="R&R Hall of Fame-2020">{{Cite web |url= https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/ike-and-tina-turner |title=Ike and Tina Turner |website=Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |access-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-date=January 11, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200111194632/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/ike-and-tina-turner |url-status=live}}</ref> Ike Turner was incarcerated at the time and Tina Turner did not attend.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Watrous |first=Peter |date=January 17, 1991 |title=Rock-and-Roll Hall of Fame Inducts Its 6th Crop of Legends |work=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/17/arts/rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-inducts-its-6th-crop-of-legends.html |access-date=November 11, 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 29, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190629011729/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/17/arts/rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-inducts-its-6th-crop-of-legends.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Turner stated through her publicist that she was taking a leave of absence following her tour and she felt "emotionally unequipped to return to the U.S. and respond to the night of celebration in the manner she would want".<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Tina Turner Won't Attend Rock N' Roll Fame Awards |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XLsDAAAAMBAJ&q=tina+Turner+Won%27t+Attend+Rock+N%27+Roll+Fame+Awards&pg=PA22 |journal=Jet |volume=79 |issue=1 |pages=22 |date=January 21, 1991}}</ref> [[Phil Spector]] accepted the award on their behalf.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://variety.com/1991/more/news/war-casts-shadow-on-hall-ceremony-99124707/ |title=War Casts Shadow On Hall Ceremony |date=January 20, 1991 |website=Variety |access-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-date=January 11, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200111194630/https://variety.com/1991/more/news/war-casts-shadow-on-hall-ceremony-99124707/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1993, the semi-autobiographical film ''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (1993 film)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]'' was released.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-06-09-ca-1063-story.html |title=Movie Review: ''Love'': Playing It Nice and Rough – Exceptional Acting Powers Story of Up and Downs of Ike and Tina Turner |date=June 9, 1993 |work=Los Angeles Times |access-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190323092641/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-06-09-ca-1063-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The film starred [[Angela Bassett]] as Tina Turner and [[Laurence Fishburne]] as Ike Turner; they received Best Actress and Best Actor [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] nominations for their roles.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eurweb.com/2017/08/05/heres-9-whats-love-got-to-do-with-it-facts-you-may-not-know/ |title=Here's 9 'What's Love Got to Do with It' Facts You May Not Know |first=Electronic Urban |last=Report |date=August 6, 2017 |access-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190505014713/https://eurweb.com/2017/08/05/heres-9-whats-love-got-to-do-with-it-facts-you-may-not-know/ |url-status=live}}</ref> While she was not heavily involved in the film, Turner contributed to the soundtrack for ''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (album)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]'', re-recording old songs and several new songs. The single "[[I Don't Wanna Fight]]" from the soundtrack was a top 10 hit in the US and UK.<ref name="biography.com">{{cite web |url= https://www.biography.com/musician/tina-turner |title=Tina Turner |website=Biography |access-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190505012300/https://www.biography.com/musician/tina-turner |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1993/06/06/public-danger/b2b9b968-e4be-4fea-9d6f-ed4c1ef28e33/ |title=Public Danger |first=Richard |last=Harrington |date=June 6, 1993 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190505014717/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1993/06/06/public-danger/b2b9b968-e4be-4fea-9d6f-ed4c1ef28e33/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1993 Turner embarked on her [[What's Love? Tour]], which visited primarily North America with a few shows in Australasia and Europe.

In 1995, Turner returned to the studio, releasing "[[GoldenEye (song)|GoldenEye]]", which was written by [[Bono]] and [[the Edge]] of [[U2]] for the [[James Bond]] film ''[[GoldenEye]]''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Maslin |first=Janet |date=November 17, 1995 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/17/movies/film-review-that-sexist-misogynist-dinosaur-james-bond.html |title=FILM REVIEW;That 'Sexist, Misogynist Dinosaur' James Bond |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181219044328/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/17/movies/film-review-that-sexist-misogynist-dinosaur-james-bond.html |archive-date=December 19, 2018 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> In 1996 Turner released the ''[[Wildest Dreams (Tina Turner album)|Wildest Dreams]]'' album, accompanied by her "[[Wildest Dreams Tour]]". In September 1999, before celebrating her 60th birthday, Turner released the dance-infused song "[[When the Heartache Is Over]]" as the leading single from her tenth and final solo album, ''[[Twenty Four Seven (Tina Turner album)|Twenty Four Seven]]''.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=December 4, 1999 |title=Reviews & Previews |url= http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1999/BB-1999-12-04.pdf |magazine=Billboard}}</ref> The success of the single and the following tour helped the album become [[Music recording certification|certified Gold]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]].<ref name="RIAA-2020"/> The [[Twenty Four Seven Tour]] was the highest-grossing tour of 2000, grossing over $120&nbsp;million.<ref name="terry">{{cite web |last=Terry |first=Al |date=September 21, 2008 |title=Tina Turner Live Tickets – One of the Biggest Selling Concert Tickets Ever |url= http://www.pressemeldungen.at/45469/tina-turner-live-tickets-%E2%80%93-one-of-the-biggest-selling-concert-tickets-ever/ |access-date=October 27, 2008 |publisher=Pressemeldungen.at |archive-date=June 17, 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090617233430/http://www.pressemeldungen.at/45469/tina-turner-live-tickets-%E2%80%93-one-of-the-biggest-selling-concert-tickets-ever/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Her two concerts at [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] were recorded by the director [[David Mallet (director)|David Mallet]] and released in the DVD ''[[One Last Time Live in Concert]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tina Turner: One Last Time - Live at Wembley Stadium |url= https://www.radiotimes.com/programme/b-cyf1vy/tina-turner-one-last-time-live-at-wembley-stadium/ |access-date=May 25, 2023 |work=[[Radio Times]] |archive-date=April 14, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220414221914/https://www.radiotimes.com/programme/b-cyf1vy/tina-turner-one-last-time-live-at-wembley-stadium/ |url-status=live}}</ref> At a July 2000 concert in [[Zurich]], Switzerland, Turner announced that she would retire at the end of the tour.<ref>{{cite web |last=Chumacher-Rasmussen |first=Eric |date=July 2, 2000 |url= http://www.mtv.com/news/1121727/tina-turner-announces-retirement-to-zurich-crowd/ |title=Tina Turner Announces Retirement to Zurich Crowd |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181215191805/http://www.mtv.com/news/1121727/tina-turner-announces-retirement-to-zurich-crowd/ |archive-date=December 15, 2018 |publisher=MTV}}</ref>

===Later career: 2001–2021===
[[File:Tina Turner 50th Anniversary Tour.jpg|thumb|Turner during her 50th Anniversary Tour in 2009]]
In November 2004, Turner released ''[[All the Best (Tina Turner album)|All the Best]],'' which debuted at No. 2 on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] in 2005, her highest-charting album in the United States.<ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://www.billboard.com/artist/tina-turner/chart-history/tlp/ |title=Tina Turner |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-date=January 19, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220119152045/https://www.billboard.com/artist/tina-turner/chart-history/tlp/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The album went [[platinum certification|platinum]] in the US three months after its release and reached platinum status in seven other countries, including the UK.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Tina+Turner&ti=All+the+Best&format=Album&type=#search_section |title=Gold & Platinum |website=[[Recording Industry Association of America]] |access-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-date=March 24, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220324185514/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Tina+Turner&ti=All+the+Best&format=Album&type=#search_section |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/403-3017-2 |title=Award |access-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-date=March 24, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220324185514/https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/403-3017-2 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In December 2005, Turner was recognized by the [[Kennedy Center Honors]] at the [[John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts]] in Washington, DC, and was elected to join an elite group of entertainers.<ref name="Files-2005">{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/05/arts/05honors.html |title=At Kennedy Center Honors, 5 More Join an Elite Circle |work=The New York Times |first=John |last=Files |date=December 5, 2005 |access-date=October 27, 2008 |archive-date=April 16, 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090416013528/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/05/arts/05honors.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

In February 2006, Turner released "[[Teach Me Again]]", a duet single with Italian singer-songwriter [[Elisa (Italian singer)|Elisa]] that was recorded for the [[anthology film]] ''[[All the Invisible Children]]''.<ref name="Rockol-2006">{{Cite web |date=February 9, 2006 |title=√ Elisa e Tina Turner insieme per l'Unicef con il singolo 'Teach me again' |url= https://www.rockol.it/news-76935/elisa-e-tina-turner-insieme-per-l-unicef-con-il-singolo-teach-me-again |access-date=May 27, 2023 |website=Rockol |language=it-IT |archive-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230527152811/https://www.rockol.it/news-76935/elisa-e-tina-turner-insieme-per-l-unicef-con-il-singolo-teach-me-again |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Elisa ricorda la collaborazione con Tina Turner: "Una forza gentile, saggia e materna" {{!}} Rolling Stone Italia |url= https://www.rollingstone.it/musica/news-musica/elisa-ricorda-la-collaborazione-con-tina-turner-una-forza-gentile-saggia-e-materna/749170/ |access-date=May 27, 2023 |website=Rolling Stone Italia |language=it-IT |archive-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230527225531/https://www.rollingstone.it/musica/news-musica/elisa-ricorda-la-collaborazione-con-tina-turner-una-forza-gentile-saggia-e-materna/749170/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The whole revenue from the single's sales was donated to charity projects for children led by the [[World Food Programme]] and [[UNICEF]].<ref name="Rockol-2006"/>

Turner made a public comeback in February 2008 at the [[50th Annual Grammy Awards|Grammy Awards]], where she performed alongside [[Beyoncé]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/musicNews/idUSN0955003720080211 |title=Tina Turner wows Grammy crowd with comeback |work=[[Reuters]] |date=February 11, 2008 |access-date=February 17, 2008 |archive-date=February 14, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080214224418/http://www.reuters.com/article/musicNews/idUSN0955003720080211 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Grammy Awards: Tina Turner, Kanye West sizzle onstage |url= http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/stories/DN-grammyreview_0211gl.ART.State.Edition1.3b2e6d2.html |work=The Dallas Morning News |date=February 11, 2008 |access-date=October 27, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090617200034/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/stories/DN-grammyreview_0211gl.ART.State.Edition1.3b2e6d2.html |archive-date=June 17, 2009}}</ref> In addition, she won a Grammy as a featured artist on ''[[River: The Joni Letters]]''. In October 2008, Turner embarked on her first tour in nearly ten years with the [[Tina!: 50th Anniversary Tour]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.usatoday.com/life/television/2008-04-30-2451038577_x.htm |title=Tina Turner says she's hitting the road again |work=USA Today |date=April 30, 2008 |access-date=May 21, 2008 |archive-date=June 19, 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090619010846/http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/2008-04-30-2451038577_x.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2008-09-30-turner-main_N.htm |title=Tina Turner is back by popular demand |last=Gundersen |first=Edna |date=September 30, 2008 |work=USA Today |access-date=October 27, 2008 |archive-date=November 4, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081104083213/http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2008-09-30-turner-main_N.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> In support of the tour, Turner released a [[Tina!|greatest hits compilation]]. The tour was a huge success and became one of the bestselling tours in history.<ref name="terry"/> In 2009, Turner officially retired from performing.<ref name=retired/><ref name="BBC-2013">{{Cite news |date=July 18, 2013 |title=Tina Turner marries her partner in Switzerland |publisher=BBC |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-23356954 |access-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-date=June 4, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200604181218/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-23356954 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2009, Turner co-founded a global music foundation, Beyond Foundation,<ref name="Beyond Music Ambassador">{{cite web |date=May 24, 2023 |title=Beyond Music |url= https://www.beyondmusic.org/ambassador/tina-turner |access-date=May 23, 2023 |url-status=live |archive-date=March 7, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044137/https://www.beyondmusic.org/ambassador/tina-turner}}</ref> with Swiss Christian musician Regula Curti and Swiss Tibetan Buddhist [[Dechen Shak-Dagsay]]. Turner co-released four albums of spiritual or uplifting music released through projects with [[Beyond (Swiss band)|Beyond]]: ''Buddhist and Christian Prayers'' (2009), ''Children'' (2011), ''Love Within'' (2014), and ''Awakening'' (2017). As of 2023, the Swiss Beyond Foundation remains active and enables the collaboration of musical artists from different parts of the world.<ref name="Beyond Music">{{cite web |date=May 24, 2023 |title=Beyond Music |url= https://www.beyondmusic.org/ |access-date=May 23, 2023 |url-status=live |archive-date=May 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230522232216/https://www.beyondmusic.org/}}</ref>

In April 2010, mainly due to an [[online campaign]] by fans of [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers Football Club]], Turner's 1989 hit, "[[The Best (song)|The Best]]", returned to the UK singles chart, peaking at No. 9. This made Turner the first female recording artist in UK chart history to score top 40 hits in six consecutive decades (1960s–2010s).<ref>{{cite news |title=Rangers fans prove Simply the Best, taking Tina Turner hit back into the Top 10 |url= http://sport.scotsman.com/celticfc/Rangers-fans-prove-Simply-the.6252275.jp |work=The Scotsman |location=Edinburgh |access-date=December 14, 2010 |archive-date=July 15, 2012 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120715135653/http://sport.scotsman.com/celticfc/Rangers-fans-prove-Simply-the.6252275.jp |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2011, [[Beyond (Swiss band)|Beyond]]'s second album ''Children – With Children United in Prayer'' followed and charted again in Switzerland. Turner promoted the album by performing on TV shows in Germany and Switzerland. In April 2013, Turner appeared on the cover of the German issue of ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' magazine at the age of 73, becoming the oldest person to be featured on the cover of ''Vogue''.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/08/tina-turner-vogue-cover-first-time-gracing-glossy-_n_2838833.html |first=Julee |last=Wilson |title=Tina Turner Vogue Germany Cover, Singer's First Time Gracing Glossy |work=HuffPost |date=March 8, 2013 |access-date=March 9, 2013 |archive-date=March 11, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130311164537/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/08/tina-turner-vogue-cover-first-time-gracing-glossy-_n_2838833.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In February 2014, [[Parlophone|Parlophone Records]] released a new compilation titled ''[[Love Songs (Tina Turner album)|Love Songs]]''.<ref name=retired>{{Cite magazine |url= https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5877126/tina-turner-happily-retired-love-songs-album-february-4 |title='Happily Retired' Tina Turner Set to Release 'Love Songs' Album |last=Caulfield |first=Keith |date=January 21, 2014 |magazine=Billboard |access-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-date=October 6, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191006065320/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5877126/tina-turner-happily-retired-love-songs-album-february-4 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Tina at Aldwych Theatre in London.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|left|The musical ''[[Tina (musical)|Tina]]'' playing at the [[Aldwych Theatre]] in the [[West End theatre|West End]], September 2019]]
In December 2016 Turner announced that she had been working on ''[[Tina (musical)|Tina]]'', a musical based on her life story, in collaboration with [[Phyllida Lloyd]] and [[Stage Entertainment]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.londonboxoffice.co.uk/news/post/tina-musical-london |title=A West End Tale of Tina Turner Announced |website=londonboxoffice.co.uk |access-date=December 20, 2016 |archive-date=December 21, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161221092053/https://www.londonboxoffice.co.uk/news/post/tina-musical-london |url-status=live}}</ref> The show opened at the [[Aldwych Theatre]] in London in April 2018 with [[Adrienne Warren]] in the lead role.<ref name="bbc18">{{cite web |date=April 18, 2018 |title=How does Tina Turner rate her own musical? |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-42691880 |access-date=April 18, 2018 |publisher=BBC |archive-date=April 18, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180418121233/http://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-42691880 |url-status=live}}</ref> Warren reprised her role on Broadway in the fall of 2019.<ref name="HR-20181003">{{cite news |url= https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/tina-turner-musical-tina-make-broadway-debut-2019-1148960 |title=Tina Turner Musical 'Tina' to Make Broadway Debut in 2019 |last=Real |first=Evan |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=October 3, 2018 |access-date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=October 5, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181005235752/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/tina-turner-musical-tina-make-broadway-debut-2019-1148960 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Turner received the 2018 [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]] and her second memoir, ''My Love Story'', was released in October 2018.<ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://ew.com/books/2017/12/11/tina-turner-my-love-story-memoir/ |title=Tina Turner autobiography set for 2018 release |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=December 11, 2017 |access-date=December 13, 2017 |archive-date=December 13, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171213143758/http://ew.com/books/2017/12/11/tina-turner-my-love-story-memoir/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.eonline.com/au/news/905004/queen-tina-turner-more-honored-with-the-recording-academy-s-lifetime-achievement-award |title=Queen, Tina Turner & More Honored with the Recording Academy's Lifetime Achievement Award |last=Swertlow |first=Meg |date=January 8, 2018 |access-date=January 9, 2018 |archive-date=January 9, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180109070647/http://www.eonline.com/au/news/905004/queen-tina-turner-more-honored-with-the-recording-academy-s-lifetime-achievement-award |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2020, she came out of retirement to collaborate with Norwegian producer [[Kygo]] on a remix of "[[What's Love Got to Do with It (song)#Kygo version|What's Love Got to Do with It]]".<ref name="Garvey-2020">{{Cite news |last=Garvey |first=Marianne |date=July 14, 2020 |title=Tina Turner comes out of retirement with a remix of 'What's Love Got To Do With It?' |publisher=CNN |url= https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/14/entertainment/tina-turner-dj-kygo-remix-music-trnd/index.html |access-date=September 12, 2020 |archive-date=September 10, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200910135447/https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/14/entertainment/tina-turner-dj-kygo-remix-music-trnd/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref> With this release, she became the first artist to have a top 40 hit in seven consecutive decades in the UK.<ref name="Chart UK-2018">{{cite news |url= https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/21088/tina-turner/ |title=Chart UK Tina Turner! |publisher=Official Charts Company |access-date=March 13, 2018 |archive-date=March 14, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180314044122/http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/21088/tina-turner/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2020, Turner released her third book, ''[[Happiness Becomes You (book)|Happiness Becomes You: A Guide to Changing Your Life for Good]]''. She co-wrote the book with American author [[Craig Taro Gold|Taro Gold]] and Swiss singer Regula Curti.<ref>{{cite news |last=Chandler |first=Mark |date=August 7, 2020 |title=Tina Turner writes 'guide to life' for HarperCollins |url= https://www.thebookseller.com/news/tina-turner-writes-guide-life-harpercollins-1214233 |access-date=August 8, 2020 |archive-date=September 20, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200920075022/https://www.thebookseller.com/news/tina-turner-writes-guide-life-harpercollins-1214233 |url-status=live}}</ref> It was chosen by [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]]'s editors as a Best Nonfiction book of 2020.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ross |first=Angelica |date=February 8, 2021 |title=Tina Turner and Angelica Ross on Forgiveness, Personal Style, and How to Change Your Life |url= https://www.glamour.com/story/tina-turner-angelica-ross-happiness-becomes-you |access-date=February 9, 2021 |archive-date=February 8, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210208195246/https://www.glamour.com/story/tina-turner-angelica-ross-happiness-becomes-you |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2021, Turner appeared in the documentary film ''[[Tina (film)|Tina]]'' directed by [[Daniel Lindsay|Dan Lindsay]] and [[T. J. Martin]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://deadline.com/2021/02/hbo-tina-turner-feature-documentary-sets-premiere-1234690840/ |title=HBO's Tina Turner Feature Doc To Debut This Spring; Universal Pictures Content Group Takes World Rights |website=Deadline Hollywood |first=Peter |last=White |date=February 10, 2021 |access-date=February 14, 2021 |archive-date=February 10, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210210195257/https://deadline.com/2021/02/hbo-tina-turner-feature-documentary-sets-premiere-1234690840/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In October 2021, Turner sold her music rights to [[BMG Rights Management]] for an estimated $50&nbsp;million, with [[Warner Music Group|Warner Music]] still handling distribution of her music.<ref>{{Cite news |date=October 6, 2021 |title=Tina Turner sells music rights for reported $50m sum |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58814248 |access-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211006092138/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58814248 |url-status=live}}</ref> Later that month, Turner was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist, accepting her award via satellite from her home near Zurich, Switzerland.<ref name="Smith-2021">{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Troy L. |date=October 31, 2021 |title=Tina Turner owned the crowd at the Rock Hall Ceremony without even being there |url= https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2021/10/tina-turner-owned-the-crowd-at-the-rock-hall-ceremony-without-even-being-there.html |access-date=October 31, 2021 |website=cleveland |language=en |archive-date=October 31, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211031051333/https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2021/10/tina-turner-owned-the-crowd-at-the-rock-hall-ceremony-without-even-being-there.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Personal life==
===Relationships and marriages===
====Early relationships====
While still in Brownsville, Turner fell in love for the first time with Harry Taylor.{{sfn|Bego|2005|p=31}} They met at a high school basketball game. Taylor initially attended a different school, but he relocated to be near her.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=26|1986}} In 1986, she told ''[[Rolling Stone]]'': "Harry was real popular and had tons of girlfriends, but eventually I got him, and we went steady for a year."<ref name="RS-19861023">{{Cite news |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tina-turner-queen-of-rock-roll-190581/ |title=Tina Turner: Queen of Rock & Roll |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |access-date=January 11, 2019 |archive-date=December 15, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181215123746/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tina-turner-queen-of-rock-roll-190581/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Their relationship ended after she discovered that Taylor had married another girl who was expecting his child.<ref name="RS-19861023"/>

After moving to [[St. Louis]], Turner and her sister Alline became acquainted with Ike Turner's [[Kings of Rhythm]]. Alline was dating the band's drummer Eugene Washington and Tina began dating the saxophonist [[Raymond Hill (musician)|Raymond Hill]]. After Tina became pregnant during her senior year of high school, she moved in with Hill, who lived with Ike Turner.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=53}} She recalled, "I didn't love him as much as I'd loved Harry. But he was good-looking. I thought, 'My baby's going to be beautiful.{{'"}}<ref name="RS-19861023"/> Their relationship ended after Hill broke his ankle during a wrestling match with Kings of Rhythm singer Carlson Oliver.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=66|1986}} Hill returned to his hometown of [[Clarksdale, Mississippi|Clarksdale]] before their son Craig was born in August 1958, leaving Turner to become a single parent.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=|pp=53–54|1986}}{{sfn|Bego|2005|p=55}}

====Ike Turner====
[[File:Ike & Tina Turner (1971).jpg|thumb|Ike & Tina Turner arriving at [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol]] in 1971]]
Turner likened her early relationship with Ike Turner to that of a "brother and sister from another lifetime".{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=73|1986}} They were [[Platonic love|platonic]] friends from the time they met in 1956 until 1960. Their affair began while Ike was with his live-in girlfriend Lorraine Taylor.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=|pp=85–86|1986}}{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=77}} They became intimate when she went to sleep with him after another musician threatened to go into her room.<ref name="RS-19861023"/>{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=73|1986}}

After recording "A Fool in Love" in 1960, a pregnant Turner told Ike that she did not want to continue their relationship; he responded by striking her in the head with a wooden shoe stretcher.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=|pp=78–79|1986}} Turner recalled that this incident was the first time he "instilled fear" in her, but she decided to stay with him because she "really did care about him".{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=79|1986}} After the birth of their son Ronnie in October 1960, they moved to Los Angeles in 1962 and married in [[Tijuana]]. In 1963, Ike purchased a house in the [[View Park–Windsor Hills, California|View Park]] area.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lucas |first=Bob |date=January 1974 |title=Ike and Tina Turner: The Family Next Door |journal=Black Stars |pages=37}}</ref> They brought their son Ronnie, Turner's son Craig, and Ike's two sons with Lorraine (Ike Jr. and Michael) from St. Louis to live with them.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=81}}{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=|pp=82–83}} She later revealed in ''I, Tina'' that Ike was abusive and [[Promiscuity|promiscuous]] throughout their marriage, which led to her [[suicide attempt]] in 1968 by overdosing on [[Valium]] pills.{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=174}} She said, "It was my relationship with Ike that made me most unhappy. At first, I had really been in love with him. Look what he'd done for me. But he was totally unpredictable."{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=91|1986}} Later on, in his old age, Ike was diagnosed with [[bipolar disorder]].<ref name="Christian-2008">{{Cite journal |last=Christian |first=Margena A. |date=October 2008 |title=The Last days of Ike Turner |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=PtMDAAAAMBAJ&q=aillene |journal=Ebony |pages=94–100}}</ref>

By the mid-1970s, Ike was heavily addicted to cocaine, which hindered his relationship with Turner. She abruptly left Ike after they got into a bloody fight on their way to the [[The Statler Hotel & Residences|Dallas Statler Hilton]] on July 1, 1976.<ref>{{harvnb|Turner|Loder|1986|p=150}}: "On July 1, 1976&nbsp;... For the Ike and Tina Turner Revue&nbsp;... the opening engagement, that festive weekend, was at a Hilton hotel in downtown Dallas."</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=180}}: "That Thursday morning, when the time came for us to go to Dallas to play."</ref> She fled with only 36 cents and a Mobil credit card in her pocket to the nearby Ramada Inn across the freeway.<ref name="WaPo-20181016">{{cite news |last=Kirby |first=David |title=Review {{!}} Tina Turner looks back on her horrific first marriage – and much more – in 'My Love Story' |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/tina-turner-looks-back-on-her-horrific-first-marriage--and-much-more--in-my-love-story/2018/10/15/894a8cba-ce31-11e8-920f-dd52e1ae4570_story.html |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=January 11, 2019 |date=October 16, 2018 |archive-date=January 2, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190102050536/https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/tina-turner-looks-back-on-her-horrific-first-marriage--and-much-more--in-my-love-story/2018/10/15/894a8cba-ce31-11e8-920f-dd52e1ae4570_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="People-20171026">{{cite web |last=Runtagh |first=Jordan |title=Tina Turner Recalls the Night She Risked Her Life to Flee Her Abusive Husband – and Musical Partner – Ike |url= https://people.com/music/tina-turner-ike-abusive-relationship-risked-life/ |work=[[People (magazine)|People]] |access-date=January 11, 2019 |date=October 26, 2017 |archive-date=December 3, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181203202721/https://people.com/music/tina-turner-ike-abusive-relationship-risked-life/ |url-status=live}}</ref> On July 27, Turner filed for divorce on the grounds of irreconcilable differences.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|pp=187–190|1986}}{{sfn|Bronson|2003|p=593}} Her divorce petition asked for $4,000 a month in [[alimony]], $1,000 a month in [[child support]], and custody of her sons Craig and Ronnie.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=161}} The divorce was finalized on March 29, 1978.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=170}} In the final divorce decree, Turner took responsibility for missed concert dates as well as an [[IRS]] [[lien]]. Turner retained songwriter [[Royalty payment|royalties]] from [[List of songs written by Tina Turner|songs she had written]], but Ike got the publishing royalties for his [[Musical composition|compositions]] and hers.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=169|1986}} She also kept her two [[Jaguar Cars|Jaguars]], furs, jewelry, and her stage name.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=169|1986}} Turner gave Ike her share of their [[Bolic Sound]] recording studio, publishing companies, and real estate, and he kept his four cars.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=169}} Several promoters lost money and sued to recoup their losses. For almost two years, she received [[Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program|food stamps]] and played small clubs to pay off debts.<ref name="EW-19960802"/>

Ike Turner stated on several occasions that he was never officially married to Turner because he was legally married to another woman at the time of their ceremony.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=97|1986}}{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=97}}<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.howardstern.com/show/2007/10/17/ike-turner-is-still-with-his-14th-wife-RundownGalleryModel-8951/ |title=Ike Turner Is Still With His 14th Wife |date=October 17, 2007 |website=Howard Stern |access-date=April 25, 2019 |archive-date=April 25, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190425114915/https://www.howardstern.com/show/2007/10/17/ike-turner-is-still-with-his-14th-wife-RundownGalleryModel-8951/ |url-status=live}}</ref> However, they had a [[Common-law marriage in the United States|common-law marriage]] and still had to go through a formal divorce.<ref>{{harvnb|Turner|Loder|1986|p=210}}: "He also claimed that he and Tina had never actually been married all those years ago—a point that, under California common law, was by now moot."</ref> He also stated that her birth name was Martha Nell Bullock (not Anna Mae Bullock).<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 14, 2007 |title=R&B Legend Ike Turner, 1931–2007 |url= https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=17253727 |url-status=live |publisher=NPR |access-date=December 26, 2018 |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181226133900/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=17253727}} At 8:06 in the interview, Turner corrects the host who says Tina's real name is Annie Mae Bullock. He says "No, her name is Martha Nell Bullock."</ref> She signed her legal name as Martha Nell Turner on multiple contracts.<ref name="Heritage Auctions-1978"/><ref name="HA"/>

In his autobiography ''[[Takin' Back My Name]]'', Ike Turner stated: "Sure, I've slapped Tina. We had fights and there have been times when I punched her to the ground without thinking. But I never beat her."{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=174}} In a 1999 interview on ''[[The Roseanne Show]]'', [[Roseanne Barr]] urged Ike to publicly apologize to Turner.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://archive.org/details/19990106IkeTurnerGloriaAllredSusannahBreslinSophiaLamarTheRoseanneShow |title=The Roseanne Show 1999-01-06 |website=archive.org |date=January 6, 1999}}</ref> In 2007, Ike told ''[[Jet (magazine)|Jet]]'' that he still loved her and he had written a letter apologizing for "putting her and the kids through that kind of stuff", but he never sent it.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Christian |first=Margena A. |date=January 7, 2008 |title=Rock 'N' Roll Pioneer Ike Turner Dies At 76 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ETsDAAAAMBAJ&q=ike+turner+&pg=PA4 |journal=Jet |volume=112 |issue=26 |pages=56–59}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=17212823 |title=Ike Turner Dies at 76 |date=December 13, 2007 |publisher=NPR |access-date=December 9, 2019 |archive-date=December 8, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191208112404/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=17212823 |url-status=live}}</ref>

After his death on December 12, 2007, Turner issued a brief statement through her spokesperson: "Tina hasn't had any contact with Ike in more than 30 years. No further comment will be made."<ref name="people">{{cite news |title=Tina Turner: 'No Comment' on Ike Turner's Death. |url= http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20165923,00.html |date=December 12, 2007 |access-date=February 16, 2009 |work=People |archive-date=February 6, 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090206062158/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20165923,00.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Turner's sister Alline still considered Ike her brother-in-law and attended his funeral.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=January 14, 2008 |title=Musical Tributes Honor Ike's Turner's Legacy At Funeral |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=EjsDAAAAMBAJ&q=ronnie |journal=Jet |pages=56}}</ref> Phil Spector criticized Tina Turner at the funeral.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.nme.com/news/music/ike-turner-3-1344808 |title=Phil Spector criticises Tina Turner at Ike Turner's funeral |date=December 23, 2007 |website=NME |access-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-date=July 4, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190704045223/https://www.nme.com/news/music/ike-turner-3-1344808 |url-status=live}}</ref> Turner told ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' in 2018 that "as an old person, I have forgiven him, but I would not work with him. He asked for one more tour with me, and I said, 'No, absolutely not.' Ike wasn't someone you could forgive and allow him back in."<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.thetimes.com/article/tina-turner-interview-the-legendary-singer-on-ike-buddhism-and-leaving-america-for-switzerland-cfljnkr3l |title=Tina Turner interview: the singer on Ike, Buddhism and leaving America for Switzerland |last=Leckie |first=Michael |date=March 18, 2018 |website=The Sunday Times |access-date=March 22, 2018 |archive-date=March 22, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180322083551/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/tina-turner-interview-the-legendary-singer-on-ike-buddhism-and-leaving-america-for-switzerland-cfljnkr3l |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |url= https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/8257484/tina-turner-forgives-ex-husband-ike |title=Tina Turner Says She Forgives Ex-Husband Ike |last=Jefferson |first=J'na |date=March 22, 2018 |magazine=Billboard |access-date=September 14, 2019 |archive-date=May 26, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200526103750/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/8257484/tina-turner-forgives-ex-husband-ike |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.vibe.com/2018/03/tina-turner-forgives-ike-turner |title=Tina Turner Says She Forgives Ex-Husband Ike |date=March 21, 2018 |work=Vibe |access-date=January 21, 2019 |archive-date=December 15, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181215172359/https://www.vibe.com/2018/03/tina-turner-forgives-ike-turner |url-status=live}}</ref>

====Erwin Bach====
In 1986, Turner met German music executive Erwin Bach, who was sent by her European record label ([[EMI]]) to greet Turner at [[Düsseldorf Airport]].<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.oprah.com/own-oprahs-next-chapter/tina-turners-love-at-first-sight-moment-video?FB=fb_sss_tina_turner_meeting_husband |title=Tina Turner's Love At First Sight Moment |last=Winfrey |first=Oprah |date=August 25, 2013 |website=Oprah.com |access-date=December 9, 2019 |archive-date=March 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210312092957/https://www.oprah.com/own-oprahs-next-chapter/tina-turners-love-at-first-sight-moment-video?FB=fb_sss_tina_turner_meeting_husband |url-status=live}}</ref> Bach was over sixteen years her junior.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.essence.com/gallery/tina-turner-husband/ |title='We Are The Light Of Each Other's Lives': Photos Of Tina Turner And Husband Erwin Bach Over The Years |date=May 24, 2023 |website=Essence |access-date=May 24, 2023}}</ref> Initially friends, they began dating later that year. In July 2013, after a 27-year romantic relationship, they married in a civil ceremony on the banks of [[Lake Zurich]] in [[Küsnacht]], Switzerland.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tina Turner weds longtime partner in quiet Swiss suburb |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tinaturner-idUSBRE96G0WC20130717 |work=Reuters |access-date=July 18, 2013 |date=July 17, 2013 |archive-date=July 17, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130717210221/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/07/17/us-tinaturner-idUSBRE96G0WC20130717 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Children===
Turner had two biological sons: one with Kings of Rhythm saxophonist Raymond Hill, named Raymond Craig, born on August 20, 1958, and the other with Ike Turner, Ronald "Ronnie" Renelle Turner, born on October 27, 1960.<ref name="Tina Turner: Singer"/>{{sfn|Gulla|2008|p=175}} She also adopted two of Ike Turner's children, raising them as her own.<ref name="Tina Turner: Singer">{{Cite web |date=May 8, 2000 |title=Tina Turner: Singer |url= https://people.com/archive/tina-turner-singer-vol-53-no-18/ |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181202215439/https://people.com/archive/tina-turner-singer-vol-53-no-18/ |archive-date=December 2, 2018 |access-date=March 8, 2019 |website=People}}</ref> Turner was 18 years of age when she gave birth to her eldest son.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=55|ps=: "Ann graduated from high school, and on August 20, 1958, she gave birth to her son, Raymond Craig."|1986}} Ike Turner adopted Raymond Craig Hill, and changed his name to Craig Raymond Turner.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2018/07/27/tina-turner-scatters-sons-ashes-pacific-after-apparent-suicide/848942002/ |title=Tina Turner scatters son Craig's ashes in the Pacific: 'He will always be my baby' |last=Deerwester |first=Jayme |date=July 27, 2018 |website=USA Today |access-date=December 5, 2018 |archive-date=December 5, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181205200411/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2018/07/27/tina-turner-scatters-sons-ashes-pacific-after-apparent-suicide/848942002/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Craig was found dead in an apparent suicide in July 2018.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |url= https://variety.com/2018/music/news/tina-turner-son-dead-suicide-1202865126/ |last=Clopton |first=Ellis C. |title=Tina Turner's Eldest Son Dies in Apparent Suicide |date=July 3, 2018 |access-date=July 4, 2018 |archive-date=July 4, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180704124150/https://variety.com/2018/music/news/tina-turner-son-dead-suicide-1202865126/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Turner's younger son, Ronnie, played bass guitar in a band called Manufactured Funk with songwriter and musician [[Patrick Moten]]. Ronnie also played for both of his parents' bands.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=69|1986}}{{sfn|McKeen|2000|p=257}}{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=211|1986}}<ref name="Eaton-2016">{{Cite web |url= https://www.blogtalkradio.com/wfunk/2017/10/16/an-interview-with-ike-turner-jr-and-randi-love-on-the-bobby-eaton-show |title=An Interview with Ike Turner Jr and Randi Love on The Bobby Eaton Show |website=BlogTalkRadio |date=October 17, 2016 |access-date=December 4, 2019 |archive-date=March 8, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210308191037/https://www.blogtalkradio.com/wfunk/2017/10/16/an-interview-with-ike-turner-jr-and-randi-love-on-the-bobby-eaton-show |url-status=live}}</ref>{{Sfn|Cawthorne|Turner|1999|p=232}} Through him, Turner had two grandchildren.<ref name="Tina Turner: Singer"/> He was married to French singer [[Afida Turner]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Photos – Lesly Mess alias Afida Turner au côté de son mari Ronnie Turner et de sa belle-mère Tina Turner |url= https://www.purepeople.com/media/lesly-mess-alias-afida-turner-au-cote_m383522 |access-date=December 23, 2022 |website=Pure People |language=fr |archive-date=December 23, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221223072628/https://www.purepeople.com/media/lesly-mess-alias-afida-turner-au-cote_m383522 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ronnie died from complications of [[Colorectal cancer|colon cancer]] in December 2022.<ref name="RonnieCancer">{{cite web |url= https://www.today.com/health/tina-turner-son-ronnie-cause-death-colon-cancer-rcna61458 |title=Tina Turner's Son Ronnie's Cause of Death Is Revealed |work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]] |date=December 13, 2022 |access-date=December 21, 2022 |archive-date=December 20, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221220234519/https://www.today.com/health/tina-turner-son-ronnie-cause-death-colon-cancer-rcna61458 |url-status=live}}</ref>

During Turner's divorce trial, Ike sent their four sons to live with Tina and gave her money for one month's rent.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=198|1986}}{{sfn|Kiersh|1985|pp=40–41}} Ike Turner Jr. worked as a sound engineer at [[Bolic Sound]] and briefly for Turner after her divorce,{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=170}} later winning a Grammy Award for producing his father's album ''[[Risin' with the Blues]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ike Turner, Jr. |website=Recording Academy Grammy Awards |date=November 23, 2020 |url= https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/ike-turner-jr}}</ref> He toured with former Ikette Randi Love as Sweet Randi Love and the Love Thang Band.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://theoklahomaeagle.net/2017/10/12/tulsa-native-randi-love-giving-to-give-back/ |title=Tulsa Native Randi Love Giving To Give Back |last=Jones |first=Fred L. |date=October 12, 2017 |work=The Oklahoma Eagle |access-date=December 4, 2019 |archive-date=December 4, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191204072839/http://theoklahomaeagle.net/2017/10/12/tulsa-native-randi-love-giving-to-give-back/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Ike Turner Jr. stated that he and his brothers had a distant relationship with their mother (Tina).<ref name="Eaton-2016"/> Turner wrote in her autobiography ''I, Tina'' that after her divorce she became "a little bit estranged" from all her sons except Craig.{{sfn|Turner|Loder|1986|p=172}} In 1989, Turner told ''[[TV Week]]'' that "she's still there for the boys",<ref>{{Cite journal |date=July 10, 1989 |title=What's love got to do with it? Plenty! |url= http://www.tina-turner.nl/images/magazines/1989/16.jpg |journal=TV Week |pages=15 |access-date=January 18, 2013 |archive-date=July 3, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110703175847/http://tina-turner.nl/images/magazines/1989/16.jpg |url-status=live}}</ref> but there were reports of Turner's estrangement from her sons in the years before her death.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Caroline Graham |first1=Caroline |last2=Daniel |first2=Hugo |date=April 28, 2018 |title=Tina Turner's son opens up about his mother |url= https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/tina-turned-her-back-on-our-family-claims-her-adopted-son/XU2SBCGKFUHHJJAFVFO32IUYDE/ |access-date=December 23, 2022 |website=The New Zealand Herald |language=en-NZ |archive-date=December 23, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221223062048/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/tina-turned-her-back-on-our-family-claims-her-adopted-son/XU2SBCGKFUHHJJAFVFO32IUYDE/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roberto |first=Melissa |date=April 6, 2021 |title=Tina Turner documentary fails to examine her absence as a mother, source says: 'She doesn't speak to anybody' |url= https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/tina-turner-hbo-documentary-fails-absence-mother-source |access-date=December 23, 2022 |publisher=Fox News |language=en-US |archive-date=April 20, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210420104454/https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/tina-turner-hbo-documentary-fails-absence-mother-source |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Religious beliefs===
Turner sometimes referred to herself as a "[[Buddhist]]–Baptist", alluding to her upbringing in the [[Baptist church]] where her father was a [[deacon]] and her later conversion to Buddhism as an adult.{{sfn|Orth|2004|p=42}} In a 2016 interview with ''[[Lion's Roar (magazine)|Lion's Roar]]'' magazine, she declared, "I consider myself a Buddhist."<ref name="Andrea Miller">{{cite news |first=Andrea |last=Miller |date=March 7, 2016 |title=What's Love Got to Do With It? |work=[[Lion's Roar (magazine)|Lion's Roar magazine]] |url= http://www.lionsroar.com/tina-turner-whats-love-got-to-do-with-it/ |url-status=live |access-date=March 8, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160306164116/http://www.lionsroar.com/tina-turner-whats-love-got-to-do-with-it/ |archive-date=March 6, 2016}}</ref> The February 15, 1979, issue of ''Jet'' magazine featured Turner with her Buddhist altar on the cover.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=February 15, 1979 |title=Sex and Religion Keep Tina Turner Famous and Humble |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=h0IDAAAAMBAJ |journal=Jet}}</ref> Turner credited the ''Liturgy of Nichiren Daishonin'' and [[Soka Gakkai International]] for her introduction to spiritual knowledge.<ref>{{harvnb|Turner|Loder|1986|loc=Acknowledgements}}: "I would like to acknowledge: The Liturgy of Nichiren Daishonin for an introduction to spiritual knowledge."</ref><ref name="ShSun-WLGTDWI-201109">{{cite web |last=Miller |first=Andrea |date=September 2011 |title=What's Love Got to Do With It? An interview with Tina Turner |url= http://www.shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3763&Itemid=0 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140704180020/http://www.shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3763&Itemid=0 |archive-date=July 4, 2014 |access-date=January 11, 2019 |page=65 |newspaper=[[Shambhala Sun]]}}</ref>

Turner stated in her 1986 autobiography ''I, Tina'' that she was introduced to [[Nichiren Buddhism]] by one of Ike Turner's mistresses named Valerie Bishop, who taught her the chant ''[[Namu Myōhō Renge Kyō|nam-myōhō-renge-kyō]]'' in 1973.{{Sfn|Turner|Loder|p=139|1986}}<ref name="worldtribune-turner">{{cite news |date=August 1, 2018 |title=The Queen of Hope |work=Living Buddhism / World Tribune |publisher=[[Soka Gakkai International-USA]] |url= https://www.worldtribune.org/2018/07/queen-hope-tina-turner/ |url-status=live |access-date=January 11, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180810235425/https://www.worldtribune.org/2018/07/queen-hope-tina-turner/ |archive-date=August 10, 2018}}</ref> Turner later stated in her 2020 spiritual memoir ''[[Happiness Becomes You (book)|Happiness Becomes You]]'' that her son, Ronnie Turner, first suggested she might benefit from chanting.<ref>{{cite book |last=Turner |first=Tina |author-link=Tina Turner |date=2020 |title=Happiness Becomes You |url= |location= |publisher=Atria Books |page=19 |isbn=978-1-9821-5215-4}}</ref> Turner practiced Buddhism with her neighborhood Soka Gakkai International chanting group.<ref name="World Tribune-2020">{{Cite web |date=November 2, 2020 |title=Tina Turner on 'Happiness Becomes You' |url= https://www.worldtribune.org/2020/11/tina-turner-on-happiness-becomes-you/ |access-date=July 17, 2021 |website=World Tribune |language=en-US |archive-date=July 16, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210716205459/https://www.worldtribune.org/2020/11/tina-turner-on-happiness-becomes-you/ |url-status=live}}</ref> After chanting, Turner noticed positive changes in her life, which she attributed to her newfound spiritual practice. She said: "I realized that I had within me everyone I needed to change my life for the better."{{sfn|Turner|Loder|p=139|1986}}<ref name="World Tribune-2020"/> During the hardest times of her life, Turner chanted four hours per day, and although in later life she no longer chanted as much, she still maintained a daily practice.<ref name="worldtribune-turner"/> Turner likened Buddhist chanting to singing. She told ''Lion's Roar'': "''Nam-myoho-renge-kyo'' is a song. In the [[Soka Gakkai]] tradition we are taught how to sing it. It is a sound and a rhythm and it touches a place inside you. That place we try to reach is the subconscious mind. I believe that it is the highest place and, if you communicate with it, that is when you receive information on what to do."<ref name="Andrea Miller"/> Dramatizations of Turner chanting were included both in the 1993 film ''What's Love Got to Do with It'' and in the 2021 documentary film ''[[Tina (2021 film)|Tina]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Snapes |first=Laura |date=May 24, 2023 |title=Tina Turner: legendary rock'n'roll singer dies aged 83 |work=The Guardian |url= https://www.theguardian.com/music/2023/may/24/tina-turner-legendary-rocknroll-singer-dies-aged-83 |access-date=May 25, 2023 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=May 25, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230525023115/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2023/may/24/tina-turner-legendary-rocknroll-singer-dies-aged-83 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Valdez |first=Jonah |date=May 25, 2023 |title=How Tina Turner's Buddhist faith gave her the strength to leave Ike Turner |url= https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2023-05-24/tina-turner-buddhism-ike-turner-nichiren |access-date=May 25, 2023 |website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bushby |first=Helen |date=May 25, 2023 |title=How Tina Turner 'broke the silence' on domestic abuse |work=BBC News |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-65673196 |access-date=May 25, 2023 |archive-date=May 25, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230525055615/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-65673196 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Turner met with the [[14th Dalai Lama]], in [[Einsiedeln, Switzerland]], on August 2, 2005. She also met with Swiss-Tibetan Buddhist singer [[Dechen Shak-Dagsay]] and in 2009 co-created a spiritual music project with Shak-Dagsay and Swiss singer Regula Curti called [[Beyond (Swiss band)|Beyond]].<ref name="SWI-20090710">{{cite web |title=Tina Turner records album with Swiss friends – SWI swissinfo.ch |url= http://www.swissinfo.ch/directdemocracy/tina-turner-records-album-with-swiss-friends/963856 |website=swissinfo.ch |access-date=January 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817123609/http://www.swissinfo.ch/directdemocracy/tina-turner-records-album-with-swiss-friends/963856 |archive-date=August 17, 2016 |date=July 10, 2009}}</ref><ref>''[[Migros Magazine]]'', issue No. 38–19, September 2011.</ref>

===Residences, citizenship, and wealth===
Turner began living at Château Algonquin in [[Küsnacht]] on the shore of [[Lake Zurich]] in 1994.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.oprah.com/oprahshow/Dreams-Come-True_4/4 |title=Dreams Come True |work=The Oprah Winfrey Show |date=February 24, 2005 |access-date=March 28, 2012 |archive-date=July 30, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120730123412/http://www.oprah.com/oprahshow/Dreams-Come-True_4/4 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tinaturnerfanclub.eu/biography.html |title=Biography |website=International Tina Turner Fan Club |year=2007 |access-date=March 28, 2012 |archive-date=May 3, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120503120232/http://www.tinaturnerfanclub.eu/biography.html |url-status=live}}</ref> She had previously owned property in [[Cologne]], London, and Los Angeles, and a villa on the [[French Riviera]] named ''Anna Fleur''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 1, 2000 |title=Tina Turner's Modern Mediterranean-Style Villa in the South of France |url= https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/tina-turner-home-france-article |access-date=January 26, 2022 |website=Architectural Digest |language=en-US |archive-date=January 26, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220126065811/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/tina-turner-home-france-article |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url= https://www.youtube.com/GfpwyzSz_mY |title=''The Oprah Winfrey Show'' |date=1996 |publisher=Youtube}}</ref>

In 2013, Turner applied for Swiss citizenship,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/01/25/tina-turner-becoming-swiss-citizen-giving-up-us-passport/ |title=Tina Turner Becoming Swiss Citizen, Giving Up U.S. Passport |publisher=Fox News |date=January 25, 2013 |access-date=January 26, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162543/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/01/25/tina-turner-becoming-swiss-citizen-giving-up-us-passport.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 12, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Tina Turner 'to become Swiss, give up US passport{{'-}} |url= http://mobile.france24.com/en/20130125-tina-turner-become-swiss-give-us-passport |publisher=[[France 24]] |date=January 25, 2013 |access-date=January 28, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130128025616/http://mobile.france24.com/en/20130125-tina-turner-become-swiss-give-us-passport |archive-date=January 28, 2013 }}</ref> stating she would [[relinquishment of United States nationality|renounce her citizenship in the United States]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Tina Turner Renounces U.S. Citizenship for Swiss |url= http://atlantablackstar.com/2013/01/26/tina-turner-renounces-u-s-citizenship-for-swiss/ |newspaper=Atlanta Black Star |date=January 26, 2013 |access-date=October 4, 2013 |archive-date=October 4, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131004221059/http://atlantablackstar.com/2013/01/26/tina-turner-renounces-u-s-citizenship-for-swiss/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="WaPo20131114">{{cite news |title=Tina Turner's citizenship move, part 2 |first=Al |last=Kamen |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=November 12, 2013 |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/in-the-loop/wp/2013/11/14/tina-turners-citizenship-move-part-2/ |access-date=September 17, 2017 |archive-date=August 6, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170806184340/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/in-the-loop/wp/2013/11/14/tina-turners-citizenship-move-part-2/ |url-status=live |department=In The Loop}}</ref> The stated reasons for the relinquishment were that she no longer had any strong connections to the United States and "has no plans to reside" there in the future.<ref name="WaPo20131114"/> In April, she undertook a mandatory [[citizenship test]] which included advanced knowledge of German (the official language of the [[canton of Zurich]]) and of [[Swiss history]]. On April 22, 2013, she became a citizen of Switzerland and was issued a [[Swiss passport]].<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.blick.ch/people-tv/schweiz/hier-besorgt-sich-tina-turner-den-schweizer-pass-id2281138.html |first=Fabian |last=Zürcher |title=Hier besorgt sich Tina Turner den Schweizer Pass |work=Blick |date=April 23, 2013 |access-date=April 24, 2013 |archive-date=April 26, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130426204900/http://www.blick.ch/people-tv/schweiz/hier-besorgt-sich-tina-turner-den-schweizer-pass-id2281138.html |url-status=live |language=de}}</ref> Turner signed the paperwork to relinquish her American citizenship at the US embassy in [[Bern]] on October 24, 2013.<ref name="WaPo20131114"/>

Turner's wealth was estimated at 225{{nbsp}}million [[Swiss franc]]s (about {{US$|250}}{{nbsp}}million) in 2022 by the Swiss business magazine ''[[Bilanz]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilanz 300 Reichste 2022: Tina Turner {{pipe}} BILANZ |url= https://www.handelszeitung.ch/people/bilanz-300-reichste-2022-tina-turner |access-date=December 28, 2023 |website=Handelszeitung |language=de-CH}}</ref>

==Illness and death==
[[File:Villa Algonquin Flowers.jpeg|thumb|Turner's home, Villa Algonquin in [[Küsnacht]], Switzerland, two days after her death]]
Turner revealed in her 2018 memoir ''My Love Story'' that she had multiple life-threatening illnesses.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-entertainment-news-updates-2018-tina-turner-reveals-her-husband-donated-1539016074-htmlstory.html |title=Tina Turner reveals her husband donated his kidney to her |last=Saad |first=Nardine |date=October 8, 2018 |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=April 17, 2020 |archive-date=December 17, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181217073944/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-entertainment-news-updates-2018-tina-turner-reveals-her-husband-donated-1539016074-htmlstory.html |url-status=live}}</ref> She had had [[Hypertension|high blood pressure]] since 1978, which remained mostly untreated, and resulted in damage to her [[kidney]]s and eventual [[kidney failure]].<ref name=People2023>{{cite news |title=Inside Tina Turner's Health Struggles, from Cancer to a Kidney Transplant: 'Never-Ending Up and Down' |url= https://people.com/tina-turner-health-struggles-cancer-kidney-transplant-never-ending-up-down-7503861 |access-date=May 26, 2023 |work=Peoplemag |language=en |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230524230603/https://people.com/tina-turner-health-struggles-cancer-kidney-transplant-never-ending-up-down-7503861 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2013, three weeks after her wedding to Erwin Bach, she had a [[stroke]] and needed to learn to walk again.<ref name=People2023/> In 2016, she was diagnosed with [[Colorectal cancer|intestinal cancer]].<ref name=People2023/> She attempted to treat her health problems with [[homeopathy]], which worsened her condition.<ref name=People2023/>

Her chances of receiving a [[Kidney transplantation|kidney transplant]] were considered low and she was urged to start [[Kidney dialysis|dialysis]]. She signed up with an organization that facilitates [[assisted suicide]], [[Euthanasia in Switzerland|a procedure which is legal in Switzerland]], becoming a member of [[Exit International]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tina Turner opens up about son's suicide |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-45902648 |publisher=[[BBC]] |access-date=August 4, 2022 |date=October 18, 2018 |archive-date=October 26, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221026152920/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-45902648 |url-status=live}}</ref> However, her husband offered to donate a kidney for transplant.<ref name="New"/> She accepted his donation and had kidney transplantation surgery on April 7, 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://people.com/music/tina-turner-health-crisis-kidney-transplant-husband-donor/ |title=Tina Turner Reveals She Underwent a Life-Saving Kidney Transplant – and Husband Was the Donor |last=Runtagh |first=Jordan |date=October 5, 2018 |website=People |access-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181007075435/https://people.com/music/tina-turner-health-crisis-kidney-transplant-husband-donor/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Turner also openly discussed her feeling of shame after discovering that she had [[dyslexia]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=WENN |date=December 12, 2018 |title=Tina Turner: 'Princess Beatrice saved me from dyslexia shame' |url= https://www.hollywood.com/general/tina-turner-princess-beatrice-saved-me-from-dyslexia-shame-60739025 |access-date=January 25, 2025 |website=Tickets to Movies in Theaters, Broadway Shows, London Theatre & More {{!}} Hollywood.com |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214155812/http://www.hollywood.com/general/tina-turner-princess-beatrice-saved-me-from-dyslexia-shame-60739025/ |archive-date=December 14, 2018}}</ref>

On May 24, 2023, Turner died at her home in [[Küsnacht]], Switzerland, aged 83, following years of illness.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://nypost.com/2023/05/25/tina-turners-cause-of-death-revealed/ |title=Tina Turner's cause of death revealed |first=Brooke |last=Steinberg |date=May 25, 2023 |newspaper=New York Post}}</ref><ref>{{multiref2
| 1 = {{Cite news |title=Tina Turner, 'Queen of Rock n Roll', dies aged 83 |url= https://news.sky.com/story/tina-turner-dies-aged-83-12888593 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |publisher=Sky News |language=en |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230524183546/https://news.sky.com/story/tina-turner-dies-aged-83-12888593 |url-status=live}}
| 2 = {{Cite news |last=Saunders |first=Emma |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/65669653 |title=Tina Turner: Music legend dies at 83 |date=May 24, 2023 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |newspaper=BBC News |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230524184950/https://www.bbc.com/news/65669653 |url-status=live |ref=none}}
| 3 = {{cite news |last=Davidson |first=Mike |title='Queen of rock 'n' roll' Tina Turner dies at 83 |url= https://www.reuters.com/world/singer-tina-turner-dies-aged-83-2023-05-24/ |work=[[Reuters]] |date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230524184700/https://www.reuters.com/world/singer-tina-turner-dies-aged-83-2023-05-24/ |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |language=en |url-status=live |access-date=May 24, 2023 |ref=none}}
| 4 = {{Cite news |title=Tina Turner Cause Of Death. What Did Tina Turner Die From? |url= https://www.kcgmckarnal.org/tina-turner-cause-of-death-what-did-tina-turner-die-from/ |date=May 24, 2023 |work=[[Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College]] |language=en}}
| 5 = {{cite web |url= https://people.com/tina-turner-dead-age-83-long-illness-7502229 |title=Tina Turner Dead at 83 After 'Long Illness' |access-date=May 25, 2023 |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230524221909/https://people.com/tina-turner-dead-age-83-long-illness-7502229 |url-status=live}}
| 6 = {{cite web |url= https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/tina-turner-dead-at-age-83-210605484.html |title=Rock and soul icon Tina Turner dead at age 83 |date=May 24, 2023}}
| 7 = {{cite web |url= https://www.cnn.com/2023/05/24/entertainment/tina-turner-death/index.html |title=Tina Turner, resilient singer hailed as the 'Queen of Rock and Roll,' dies at 83 |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=May 24, 2023 |access-date=May 25, 2023 |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230524200538/https://www.cnn.com/2023/05/24/entertainment/tina-turner-death/index.html |url-status=live}}
| 8 = {{cite web |url= https://apnews.com/article/tina-turner-dead-a04311130e67459cbade34565eb80662 |title=Tina Turner, 'Queen of Rock 'n' Roll' whose triumphant career made her world-famous, dies at 83 |work=[[Associated Press News]] |date=May 24, 2023 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230524190054/https://apnews.com/article/tina-turner-dead-a04311130e67459cbade34565eb80662 |url-status=live}}
}}</ref> Turner's body was [[cremated]] after a private funeral.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oliver |first=Robert |title=Tina Turner's funeral details revealed after death aged 83 |date=May 31, 2023 |url= https://metro.co.uk/2023/05/29/tina-turners-funeral-details-revealed-after-death-aged-83-18862497/ |work=Metro |location=UK |access-date=June 25, 2023}}</ref>

In the aftermath of her death, many fellow artists mourned her loss, including [[Beyoncé]],<ref name="Paul-2023">{{Cite magazine |last=Paul |first=Larisha |date=May 24, 2023 |title='Queen, Legend, Icon' Tina Turner: Beyoncé, Janelle Monáe, Mick Jagger Remember Trailblazer |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tina-turner-musicians-actors-tribute-1234741332/ |access-date=May 27, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone |archive-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230527134020/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tina-turner-musicians-actors-tribute-1234741332/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Dolly Parton]],<ref name="Archie-2023"/> [[Lulu (singer)|Lulu]], [[Debbie Harry]], [[Gloria Gaynor]], [[Kerry Katona]],<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Katona |first=Kerry |title=Keeping Up With Kerry: 'Rest In Peace |magazine=[[New!]] |publication-date=June 2023 |issue=1034 |publisher=[[Reach plc]] |page=23}}</ref> [[Jimmy Barnes]],<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/current-affairs/jimmy-barnes-reflects-on-career-highlight-of-singing-alongside-tina-turner/news-story/b6662137d06ab28f51501e2a09ab790a |title=Jimmy Barnes reflects on 'career highlight' of singing alongside Tina Turner |date=May 26, 2023 |website=news.com.au}}</ref>  [[Peter Andre]],<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Andre |first=Pete |title=Planet Pete: 'Rest in Peace Tina Turner' |magazine=[[New!]] |publication-date=June 2023 |issue=1034 |publisher=[[Reach plc]] |page=66}}</ref> [[Bryan Adams]], [[Lionel Richie]],<ref>{{cite web |url= https://news.yahoo.com/tina-turner-mourned-hollywood-icons-200219749.html |title=Tina Turner mourned by Hollywood after icon's death at 83: 'Simply the best' |first=Janelle |last=Ash |publisher=Yahoo! News |date=May 24, 2023 |access-date=June 4, 2023 |archive-date=June 6, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230606000924/https://news.yahoo.com/tina-turner-mourned-hollywood-icons-200219749.html |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Elton John]],<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.koimoi.com/hollywood-news/tina-turner-tributes-sir-elton-john-calls-her-a-total-legend-on-record-on-stage-naomi-campbell-other-offer-condolences/ |title=Tina Turner Tributes: Sir Elton John Calls Her 'A Total Legend On Record & On Stage,' Naomi Campbell & Other Offer Condolences |publisher=Koimoi |date=May 25, 2023 |access-date=May 28, 2023 |archive-date=May 28, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230528183539/https://www.koimoi.com/hollywood-news/tina-turner-tributes-sir-elton-john-calls-her-a-total-legend-on-record-on-stage-naomi-campbell-other-offer-condolences/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Madonna]],<ref name="AS">{{cite web |url= https://en.as.com/entertainment/celebrities-honor-the-late-tina-turner-n/?outputType=amp |title=Celebrities honor the late Tina Turner |first=Kelsey |last=Rivera |publisher=Diario AS |date=May 24, 2023 |access-date=May 28, 2023 |archive-date=May 28, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230528183537/https://en.as.com/entertainment/celebrities-honor-the-late-tina-turner-n/?outputType=amp |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Rod Stewart]],<ref name="SKY">{{cite web |url= https://news.sky.com/story/beyonce-and-oprah-winfrey-lead-tributes-to-rock-queen-tina-turner-12888790 |title=Beyonce and Oprah Winfrey lead tributes to rock queen Tina Turner |publisher=Sky.news |date=May 24, 2023 |access-date=June 4, 2023 |archive-date=June 8, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230608024827/https://news.sky.com/story/beyonce-and-oprah-winfrey-lead-tributes-to-rock-queen-tina-turner-12888790 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Lizzo]],<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Paul |first=Larisha |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Lizzo Performs 'Proud Mary' to Tribute Tina Turner: I 'Would Not Exist' Without Her |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lizzo-performs-proud-mary-tina-turner-tribute-1234741990/ |access-date=May 27, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US |archive-date=May 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230526075523/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lizzo-performs-proud-mary-tina-turner-tribute-1234741990/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Brittany Howard]],<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Brittany Howard on Why Tina Turner Was 'So Punk' |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/brittany-howard-tina-turner-tribute-death-1234742342/ |access-date=May 27, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US |archive-date=May 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230526131107/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/brittany-howard-tina-turner-tribute-death-1234742342/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Mick Jagger]],<ref name="Paul-2023"/> [[Keith Richards]], [[Ronnie Wood]] and [[Cher]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Geraghty |first=Hollie |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Mick Jagger, Elton John and Debbie Harry lead tributes to Tina Turner, who has died aged 83 |work=NME |url= https://www.nme.com/news/music/tina-turner-dies-aged-83-3447566 |access-date=May 29, 2023 |archive-date=May 29, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230529044947/https://www.nme.com/news/music/tina-turner-dies-aged-83-3447566 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Fantasia (singer)|Fantasia]] and [[Patti LaBelle]] paid tribute to Turner with a rendition of "[[Proud Mary]]" at the [[66th Annual Grammy Awards]] and a rendition of "[[The Best (song)#Tina Turner version|The Best]]" at the [[BET Awards 2023|2023 BET Awards]], respectively.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Chan |first=Anna |date=June 26, 2023 |title=Patti LaBelle Forgets Lyrics During Tina Turner Tribute at 2023 BET Awards: 'I'm Trying, Y'All' |url= https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/patti-labelle-forgets-lyrics-tina-turner-tribute-bet-awards-1235361321/ |access-date=August 21, 2023 |magazine=Billboard |language=en-US}}</ref>

Turner also received tributes by British model [[Naomi Campbell]], as well as film and television figures such as [[Oprah Winfrey]], [[Angela Bassett]], [[Jenifer Lewis]], [[Forest Whitaker]],<ref name="Paul-2023"/><ref name="Archie-2023"/> and [[Bette Midler]]<ref name="SKY"/> and theater producer [[Joop van den Ende]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Joop en Janine van den Ende 'diep geraakt' door overlijden Tina Turner |url= https://www.telegraaf.nl/entertainment/1895020504/joop-en-janine-van-den-ende-diep-geraakt-door-overlijden-tina-turner |website=De Telegraaf |date= May 25, 2023 |access-date=May 30, 2023 |archive-date=May 30, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230530084520/https://www.telegraaf.nl/entertainment/1895020504/joop-en-janine-van-den-ende-diep-geraakt-door-overlijden-tina-turner |url-status=live}}</ref> US president [[Joe Biden]], as well as former presidents [[Barack Obama]] and [[Bill Clinton]], and Swiss president [[Alain Berset]] also paid tribute to Turner through public statements.<ref name="Archie-2023">{{Cite web |last=Archie |first=Ayana |date=May 24, 2023 |title=Celebrities and the White House pay tribute to Tina Turner |url= https://www.npr.org/2023/05/25/1178099063/tina-turner-died-reactions |access-date=May 27, 2023 |publisher=NPR |archive-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230527232647/https://www.npr.org/2023/05/25/1178099063/tina-turner-died-reactions |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Schuetze |first=Christopher F. |date=May 25, 2023 |title=In This Swiss Town, Tina Turner Was a Neighbor, Not a Star |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/25/world/europe/tina-turner-switzerland-kusnacht.html |access-date=May 30, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 30, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230530143608/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/25/world/europe/tina-turner-switzerland-kusnacht.html |url-status=live}}</ref> [[King Charles III]] paid tribute by allowing "The Best" to be performed during the [[Guard mounting|changing of the guard]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Ng |first=Kate |date=May 28, 2023 |title=King Charles pays tribute to Tina Turner via Welsh Guards' 'The Best' performance |work=The Independent |url= https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/royal-family/king-charles-tina-turner-tribute-welsh-guards-b2347271.html |access-date=June 5, 2023 |archive-date=June 5, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230605161335/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/royal-family/king-charles-tina-turner-tribute-welsh-guards-b2347271.html |url-status=live}}</ref> On May 25, 2023, [[West End theatre|theatres across the West End]] of London, dimmed their lights for two minutes to mark Turner's death.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thestage.co.uk/news/news/west-end-theatres-to-dim-lights-in-tribute-to-tina-turner|title=West End theatres to dim lights in tribute to Tina Turner|last=Masso|first=Giverny|date=May 25, 2023|work=[[The Stage]]|accessdate=October 6, 2024}}</ref>

==Musical legacy and accolades==
Often referred to as "The Queen of Rock and Roll", Turner is considered one of the greatest singers of all time.<ref name="RS-198610232">{{Cite news |title=Tina Turner: Queen of Rock & Roll |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tina-turner-queen-of-rock-roll-190581/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215123746/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tina-turner-queen-of-rock-roll-190581/ |archive-date=December 15, 2018 |access-date=January 11, 2019 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]}}</ref><ref name="Cosgrove-20192">{{Cite magazine |last=Cosgrove |first=Ben |title=Tina Turner: Unpublished Photos of the Queen of Rock 'n' Roll |url=https://time.com/3597835/tina-turner-unpublished-photos/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420223253/http://time.com/3597835/tina-turner-unpublished-photos/ |archive-date=April 20, 2019 |access-date=July 28, 2019 |magazine=Time}}</ref> An article in ''[[The Guardian]]'' in 2018 noted her "swagger, sensuality, gravelly vocals and unstoppable energy",<ref name="theguardian12">{{cite news |title=Tina Turner: the making of a rock'n'roll revolutionary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/mar/22/tina-turner-the-making-of-a-rocknroll-revolutionary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212234149/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/mar/22/tina-turner-the-making-of-a-rocknroll-revolutionary |archive-date=February 12, 2019 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> while ''[[The New York Times]]'' in 1996 noted that she was known for the appearance of her legs.<ref name="The New York Times-19962">{{cite news |date=September 17, 1996 |title=A new campaign for Hanes hosiery features the singer Tina Turner and her famous legs. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/17/business/new-campaign-for-hanes-hosiery-features-singer-tina-turner-her-famous-legs.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127134830/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/17/business/new-campaign-for-hanes-hosiery-features-singer-tina-turner-her-famous-legs.html |archive-date=November 27, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="Gallery of The Popular Image2">{{cite web |title=Tina Turner on Stage |url=https://sfae.com/Special-Pages/Search?searchtext=tina+turner&searchmode=allwords |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120173309/https://sfae.com/Special-Pages/Search?searchtext=tina+turner&searchmode=allwords |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |work=Gallery of The Popular Image |publisher=San Francisco Art Exchange}}</ref> Journalist [[Kurt Loder]] asserted that Turner's voice combined "the emotional force of the great blues singers with a sheer, wallpaper-peeling power that seemed made to order for the age of amplification".<ref name="theguardian12" /> [[Daphne A. Brooks]], a scholar of [[African-American studies]], wrote for ''[[The Guardian]]'':<ref name="theguardian12" />
{{blockquote|Turner merged sound and movement at a critical turning point in rock history, navigating and reflecting back the technological innovations of a new pop-music era in the 60s and 70s. She catapulted herself to the forefront of a musical revolution that had long marginalized and overlooked the pioneering contributions of African American women and then remade herself again at an age when most pop musicians were hitting the oldies circuit. Turner's musical character has always been a charged combination of mystery as well as light, melancholy mixed with a ferocious vitality that often flirted with danger.}}

=== Awards, honors and achievements ===
{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Tina Turner}}
[[File:Don Grierson with Tina Turner.jpg|thumb|left|Turner holding certification plaques with [[Don Grierson (music business)|Don Grierson]]]]

Turner previously held a [[Guinness World Record]] for the largest paying audience (180,000 in 1988) for a solo performer.<ref name="upi88"/><ref name="Guinness"/> In the UK, Turner was the first artist to have a top 40 hit in seven consecutive decades; she has a total of 35 UK top 40 hits.<ref name="Chart UK-2018"/> Turner was ranked as one of the most successful female singles artist in German chart history.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/7942027/germany-official-music-charts-40th-anniversary |title=Germany's Music Charts Turn 40: Facts and Milestones in the 4th Biggest Music Market|first=Wolfgang |last=Spahr|date=August 28, 2017|access-date=August 28, 2017|magazine=Billboard}}</ref> She sold over 100&nbsp;million records worldwide, including certified RIAA album sales of 10&nbsp;million.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gold & Platinum: Top Artists |publisher=Record Industry Association of America |url= https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=TAA&col=certified_units&ord=asc#search_section |access-date=April 22, 2020 |archive-date=June 5, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200605003954/https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=top_tallies&ttt=TAA&col=certified_units&ord=asc#search_section |url-status=live}}</ref> As of May 2023, Turner has reportedly sold around 100 to 150 million records worldwide.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=May 24, 2023 |title=Tina Turner, 'Queen of Rock 'n' Roll,' Dead at 83 |url= https://time.com/6282453/tina-turner-dies-83/ |access-date=May 27, 2023 |magazine=Time |language=en |archive-date=May 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230526155048/https://time.com/6282453/tina-turner-dies-83/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Boyce |first=Hunter |title=Remembering Tina Turner: a look inside the star's stunning $76 million Swiss estate |language=en |work=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution |url= https://www.ajc.com/life/private-quarters/remembering-tina-turner-a-look-inside-the-stars-stunning-76-million-swiss-estate/Z7ESVYKWJ5BXPF3PLSD6Q6R6GU/ |access-date=May 27, 2023 |issn=1539-7459 |archive-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230527041726/https://www.ajc.com/life/private-quarters/remembering-tina-turner-a-look-inside-the-stars-stunning-76-million-swiss-estate/Z7ESVYKWJ5BXPF3PLSD6Q6R6GU/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Tina Turner's intimate and unexpected connection to St. John's and Newfoundland |language=en-CA |work=The Globe and Mail |url= https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/article-st-johns-was-a-safe-spot-for-tina-turner-and-newfoundlanders-remember/ |access-date=May 27, 2023 |archive-date=May 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230526224747/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/article-st-johns-was-a-safe-spot-for-tina-turner-and-newfoundlanders-remember/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Turner won a total of 12 Grammy Awards. These awards include eight competitive Grammy Awards;<ref name="Grammy-2018"/> she shares the record (with [[Pat Benatar]], and with [[Sheryl Crow]]) for most awards (four) given for [[Best Female Rock Vocal Performance]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.rockonthenet.com/grammy/rockfemale.htm |title=Grammy Awards: Best Rock Vocal Performance – Female |publisher=Rock on the Net |access-date=May 25, 2010 |archive-date=February 22, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080222233111/http://www.rockonthenet.com/grammy/rockfemale.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Three of her recordings, "River Deep – Mountain High" (1999), "Proud Mary" (2003), and "[[What's Love Got to Do with It (song)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]" (2012) are in the [[Grammy Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/hall-of-fame |title=Grammy Hall of Fame |date=October 18, 2010 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences |access-date=March 8, 2019 |archive-date=June 26, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190626221355/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/hall-of-fame |url-status=live}}</ref> Turner is the only female artist to have won a Grammy in the pop, rock, and R&B fields.<ref>{{cite magazine |date=September 3, 2010 |title=Chart Watch Extra: The Ageless Tina Turner |url= http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/65334/chart-watch-extra-the-ageless-tina-turner |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100909113913/http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/65334/chart-watch-extra-the-ageless-tina-turner |archive-date=September 9, 2010 |url-status=dead |access-date=October 20, 2015 |magazine=Billboard |publisher=[[Yahoo!]]}}</ref> Turner received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/lifetime-awards |title=Lifetime Achievement Award |date=October 18, 2010 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences |access-date=March 8, 2019 |archive-date=March 21, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190321014202/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/lifetime-awards |url-status=live}}</ref> Turner also won Grammys as a member of USA for Africa and as a performer at the 1986 [[Prince's trust]] concert.

[[File:TINA TURNER STAR ON HOLLYWOOD BLVD 20230528 155650 2.jpg|thumb|Turner's star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] covered with flowers and tributes from her fans on May 28, 2023]]

Turner received a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] in 1986 and a star on the [[St. Louis Walk of Fame]] in 1991.<ref name="Walk of Fame-2019"/><ref>{{Cite web |url= http://stlouiswalkoffame.org/inductee/tina-turner/ |title=Tina Turner |website=St. Louis Walk of Fame |access-date=November 3, 2019 |archive-date=November 3, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191103022626/http://stlouiswalkoffame.org/inductee/tina-turner/ |url-status=live}}</ref>  [[File:Photo449327o.jpg|thumb|Tina Turner star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame in University City, Missouri]]  After her death, her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame was covered with flowers from loving fans. Fans around the world paid respect with flowers and candles lit outside her home in Switzerland and outside London's Aldwych Theatre – the home of the musical ''Tina''. [[Gloria Gaynor]] said Turner "paved the way for so many women in rock music, black and white". Turner was also praised by [[Mariah Carey]] and [[Oprah Winfrey]] as a "survivor" who overcame years of domestic abuse. [[Michelle Obama|Michelle]] and [[Barack Obama]] praised her for "singing her truth through joy and pain". The charity [[Women's Aid]] paid tribute with a quote from one of Turner's songs, saying: "She will always be simply the best."<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Tina Turner: Beyoncé, Mick Jagger and Elton John honour 'total legend' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-65704926 |access-date=August 1, 2023 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref>

She was inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] as a duo with Ike Turner in 1991.<ref name="R&R Hall of Fame-2020"/> In 2005, Turner received the prestigious [[Kennedy Center Honors]].<ref name="Whitehouse">{{cite web |url= https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/12/20051204.html |title=President Welcomes Kennedy Center Honorees to the White House |date=December 4, 2005 |publisher=White House |access-date=October 27, 2008 |archive-date=June 18, 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090618160254/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/12/20051204.html |url-status=live}}</ref> President [[George W. Bush]] commented on her "natural skill, the energy and sensuality",<ref>December 5, 2005, ''Long Beach Press-Telegram'' (CA)</ref> and referred to her legs as "the most famous in show business".<ref>December 6, 2005, ''Kansas City Star''.</ref> Several artists paid tribute to her that night including [[Melissa Etheridge]] (performing "River Deep – Mountain High"), [[Queen Latifah]] (performing "What's Love Got to Do with It"), [[Beyoncé]] (performing "Proud Mary"), and Al Green (performing "Let's Stay Together"). [[Oprah Winfrey]] stated, "We don't need another hero. We need more heroines like you, Tina. You make me proud to spell my name w-o-m-a-n."<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2005-12-04-kennedy-center_x.htm |title=Kennedy Center honors five performing greats |last=Thomas |first=Karen |date=December 4, 2005 |work=USA Today |access-date=October 27, 2008 |archive-date=May 7, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080507061600/http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2005-12-04-kennedy-center_x.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2021, Turner was inducted by Angela Bassett into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist.<ref name="Smith-2021"/> [[Keith Urban]] and [[H.E.R.]] performed "It's Only Love", [[Mickey Guyton]] performed "What's Love Got to Do with It", and [[Christina Aguilera]] performed "River Deep – Mountain High".<ref name="Smith-2021"/>

Turner has also received the following honors:

* 1967: Turner was the first black artist and first female on the [[List of people on the United States cover of Rolling Stone (1960s)|cover of ''Rolling Stone'' magazine]] (Issue No. 2).<ref name="Turner-2019"/>
*1977: She was named the most exciting woman of the year by International Bachelor's Society<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WL8DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA21 |first=Bob|last=Lucas|title=10 Most Exciting Women of the Year Awards 1977|work=by [[JET Magazine|Jet]]|date=January 5, 1978|access-date=May 9, 2018}}</ref>
*1984, Turner ranked No. 18 on 25 Most Intriguing People by [[People Magazine]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(n4dc1gd2jqswqvmzgnwk25as))/collection.aspx?collection=91|title=AmIAnnoying.com - People Magazine's 25 Most Intriguing People [1984]|website=www.amiannoying.com}}</ref>
*1987: Berolina Award honored Turner with the biggest influence in music in Germany<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tina-turner.nl/awards.php|date=February 10, 2011|work=[[businesswire]] |title=Tina Turner receives honorary award|access-date=April 3, 2018}}</ref>
*1990, She was voted for Best International female Singer of the year in Europe by Goldene Europa<ref>{{cite web |url=https://web.ard.de/ard-chronik/index?year=1990 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208094631/https://web.ard.de/ard-chronik/index?year=1990 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2022-12-08 |title=1990 Goldene Europa  |work= Goldene Europa |date=October 4, 2023 |accessdate=March 24, 2025}}</ref>
*1990, Turner ranked No. 15 in Celebrity Sleuth 25 Sexiest Women of 1990 by [[Celebrity Skin (magazine)]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(jk1icbshcazcltlt2e24ghoa))/collection.aspx?collection=62|title=AmIAnnoying.com - Celebrity Sleuth's 25 Sexiest [1990]|website=www.amiannoying.com}}</ref>
* 1993: [[World Music Awards]] presented Turner with the Legend Award.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sandler |first=Adam |date=June 3, 1993 |title=1993 World Music Awards |url= https://variety.com/1993/tv/reviews/1993-world-music-awards-1200432580/ |access-date=December 16, 2020 |website=Variety |archive-date=April 14, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160414145653/http://variety.com/1993/tv/reviews/1993-world-music-awards-1200432580/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 1993: [[Essence Awards]] honored Turner<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2, 1993 |title=Essence Awards Honor Black Women Achievers |url= https://www.deseret.com/1993/5/2/19044811/essence-awards-honor-black-women-achievers |access-date=May 24, 2023 |website=Deseret News |language=en}}</ref> with the Living Legend Award.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://the-world-of-tina.com/essence---award.html |title=Essence Awards - TV - Tina Turner |access-date=May 26, 2023 |archive-date=February 7, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230207122530/https://www.the-world-of-tina.com/essence---award.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
*In 1996, Turner's handprints at the [[Rotterdam|Walk of Fame Europe Rotterdam]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Fanpop, Inc. |url=http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/rock-n-roll-girls/images/23345171/title/tina-turners-handprints-fanart |title=Rock N' Roll Girls images Tina Turner's Handprints HD wallpaper and background photos (23345171) |publisher=Fanpop.com |access-date=December 15, 2018}}</ref>
*1996: She was inducted into the International Best Dressed Hall of Fame by [[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amiannoying.com/(S(ta1iazhzzah32mk1ldonwupe))/collection.aspx?collection=8159 |title=Vanity Fair's International Best Dressed Hall of Fame – Females |publisher=AmIAnnoying.com |access-date=December 15, 2018}}</ref>
* 1996: Turner received the accolade of {{lang|fr|[[Légion d'Honneur]]}} from the French education minister.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/168d5dbbfbd0557a96a5d6f1312c9866 |title=Chevalier des Arts et Lettres |date=February 12, 1996 |work=by aparchive |access-date=March 10, 2018 |archive-date=March 10, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180310135650/http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/168d5dbbfbd0557a96a5d6f1312c9866 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*1997: [[Hanes]]&nbsp;campaign honored Turner with the sexiest legs in entertainment business<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110210006269/en/70s-Tina-Turner-Rocks-Hanes-Hosiery’s-Sexy|date=February 10, 2011|work=[[businesswire]] |title=Tina Turner Still Rocks in Hanes Hosiery's Sexy Legs Survey|access-date=April 3, 2018}}</ref>
*1999:&nbsp;[[MOBO Awards]]&nbsp;honored Turner<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://yebbux.com/watch/wRZsGtS5-w4 |title=Tina Turner - Mobo 1999 - Awards & Performance - Yebbux ビデオとすべてのビデオまたはクリップ |access-date=June 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075449/http://yebbux.com/watch/wRZsGtS5-w4 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |url-status= }}</ref>&nbsp;with the Lifetime Achievement Award.
*1999: [[Productores de Música de España]] honored Turner with the Legend Award.<ref>[[:es:Premios Amigo]]</ref>
*1999: She was named one of The Sexiest Stars Over 50 by [[AARP|the American Association of Retired Persons]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fj0DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA36 |title=the Sexiest Stars Over 50 Awards|work=by [[JET Magazine]] |date=August 23, 1999|access-date=April 5, 2018}}</ref>
*1999, Turner ranked No. 11 on The 25 Coolest Women by [[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(1pfb5kq14u01sxh52et3pfe0))/collection.aspx?collection=2216|title=AmIAnnoying.com - The Advocate's 25 Coolest Women Appealing to Gays [1999]|website=www.amiannoying.com}}</ref>
* 1999: Turner ranked No. 2 on [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women of Rock and Roll.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Considine |first=J. D. |title=Ranking the women of 'rock'; VH1's list of the 100 greatest female rockers will cause arguments – and maybe that's the point.; POP MUSIC |url= https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1999-07-25-9907260308-story.html |access-date=January 2, 2021 |website=The Baltimore Sun |date=July 25, 1999 |archive-date=October 26, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201026123421/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1999-07-25-9907260308-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2000, Turner ranked No. 33 on 50 Most Beautiful People in the World by [[People Magazine]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(fj5i23fifq0zs1fcsrte5jr0))/collection.aspx?collection=60|title=AmIAnnoying.com - People Magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People [2000]|website=www.amiannoying.com}}</ref>
*2000, Turner ranked No. 78 on ''[[USA Today]]'' Pop Candy's 100 People of the Year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(nkmqhonve0cac3cl21j55umg))/collection.aspx?collection=2040|title=AmIAnnoying.com - USA Today Pop Candy's 100 People of the Year [2000]|website=www.amiannoying.com}}</ref>
*2002, Turner ranked No. 6 on [[VH1]]'s 100 Sexiest Artists of All Time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2002/vh1sexiest.htm|title = Rock on the Net: VH1's 100 Sexiest Artists}}</ref>
* 2002: [[Tennessee State Route 19]] between Brownsville and Nutbush was named "Tina Turner Highway".<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.capitol.tn.gov/Bills/102/Bill/SB2798.pdf |title=SB 2798: Highway Signs – 'Tina Turner Highway' |last=Wilder |first=John S. |author-link=John Shelton Wilder |date=January 17, 2002 |work=Legislation Archives – Bills and Resolutions: 102nd General Assembly |publisher=[[Tennessee Senate]] |location=Nashville, TN |access-date=June 26, 2010 |archive-date=December 21, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181221134500/http://www.capitol.tn.gov/Bills/102/Bill/SB2798.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.capitol.tn.gov/Bills/102/Bill/HB2535.pdf |title=HB 2535: Highway Signs – 'Tina Turner Highway' |last=Fitzhugh |first=Craig |date=January 22, 2002 |work=Legislation Archives – Bills and Resolutions: 102nd General Assembly |publisher=[[Tennessee House of Representatives]] |location=Nashville, TN |access-date=June 26, 2010 |archive-date=December 21, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181221134904/http://www.capitol.tn.gov/Bills/102/Bill/HB2535.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-67731655.html |title=Highway to Be Named for Tina Turner |date=September 25, 2002 |access-date=June 26, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121104073225/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-67731655.html |archive-date=November 4, 2012 |publisher=AP Online News Wire |agency=Associated Press}}</ref>
*2002, She was voted at No. 56 in [[Q Magazine]]'s list of the Top 100 Women Who Rock The World.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rocklistmusic.co.uk/qlistspage2.html#Women |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060115062759/http://www.rocklistmusic.co.uk/qlistspage2.html#Women |url-status=usurped |archive-date=January 15, 2006 |title=Top 100 Women Who Rock The World |work= rocklistmusic |date=October 4, 2023 |accessdate=March 24, 2025}}</ref>
*2003: "[[What's Love Got to Do with It (song)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]" was included in [[VH1]]'s list of the 100 Best Songs of the Past 25 years.<ref name=vh125>{{cite web |url= http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2003/vh125songs.htm |title=VH1's Best Songs of the Past 25 years |website=Rockonthenet.com |access-date=September 19, 2014}}</ref> 
*2003, Turner ranked No. 22 on [[VH1]]'s 50 Greatest Women Of The Video Era.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(ychkhuc2biohuqztv5kpkqm2))/collection.aspx?collection=905|title=AmIAnnoying.com - VH-1's 50 Greatest Women of the Video Era|website=www.amiannoying.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://popdirt.com/50-greatest-women-of-the-video-era/18634/|title=50 Greatest Women Of The Video Era &#124; popdirt.com|date=August 8, 2003|website=popdirt.com|access-date=December 17, 2015|archive-date=April 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406195843/http://popdirt.com/50-greatest-women-of-the-video-era/18634/|url-status=dead}}</ref> 
*2003, Turner ranked No. 11 on Pollstar's Top 40 Grossing Tours of all-time in North America [Through 2003].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(n0etsintpmoovb1r144l1qre))/collection.aspx?collection=2702|title=AmIAnnoying.com - Pollstar's Top 40 Grossing Tours of all-time in North America [Through 2003]|website=www.amiannoying.com}}</ref>
*2003, She was included on VH1's list of the "200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons of All Time".<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=November 12, 2003 |title=200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons of All Time |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-200-greatest-pop-culture-icons-complete-ranked-list-70807437.html |magazine=[[VH1]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501100900/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-200-greatest-pop-culture-icons-complete-ranked-list-70807437.html |archive-date=May 1, 2017 }}</ref>
* 2003: ''Rolling Stone'' ranked ''[[Proud Mary: The Best of Ike & Tina Turner]]'' No. 212 on their list of the [[Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time|500 Greatest Albums of All Time]] (No. 214 on 2012 revised list).<ref>{{Cite book |title=The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time |publisher=Wenner Books |last=Levy |first=Joe |date=2005 |isbn=1932958010 |edition=1st |location=New York |oclc=60596234}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-156826/ |title=500 Greatest Albums of All Time |date=May 31, 2012 |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=November 1, 2019 |archive-date=July 13, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180713071607/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-156826/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2004, she was ranked No. 35 on Rolling Stone's 50 Greatest Portraits.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(0n1ncqas1ylsghqjszkg42sf))/collection.aspx?collection=3452|title=Rolling Stone's 50 Greatest Portraits|website=}}</ref>
* 2004: ''[[People (magazine)|People]]'' ranked her 1985 performance of "What's Love Got to Do With It" as one of the top 10 Grammy moments.<ref name="PeopleTop10Grammys">{{cite web |last=Kappes |first=Serena |title=Top 10 Grammy Moments |url= https://people.com/celebrity/top-10-grammy-moments/ |work=[[People (magazine)|People]] |access-date=December 16, 2018 |date=May 7, 2004 |archive-date=December 17, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181217110516/https://people.com/celebrity/top-10-grammy-moments/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2005, Turner was one of 25 African-American women saluted at [[Oprah Winfrey's Legends Ball]], a three-day celebration, honoring their contributions to art, entertainment, and civil rights.
*2006, Turner ranked No. 9 on Sly Magazine's 10 Sexiest Women Over 40 [January 2006]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amiannoying.com/(S(xy5tpxobdrojzq23tig2scf1))/collection.aspx?collection=8309|title=AmIAnnoying.com - Sly Magazine's 10 Sexiest Women Over 40 [January 2006]|website=www.amiannoying.com}}</ref>
*2006: She was voted one of The Sexiest Celebrity Grandparents of the Year by [[The Grand Magazine]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.upi.com/Tony-Danza-named-sexiest-grandparent/66751137786799/|title=The Top 10 Sexiest Celebrity Grandparents Award|work=by [[UPI]]|date=January 20, 2006|access-date=April 5, 2018}}</ref>
*In 2007, she was ranked at number 19 on&nbsp;BET's "Top 25 Dancers of All Time".<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-09-18 |title=-top-25-dancers-of-all-time|url=https://www.rap-up.com/article/2007/04/06/bets-top-25-dancers-of-all-time |access-date=2024-09-19 |website= |language=}}</ref>
* 2008: ''Rolling Stone'' ranked Turner No. 17 on their list of the 100 Greatest Singers of All Time.<ref name="rolling">{{cite magazine |date=November 27, 2008 |title=The 100 Greatest Singers of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/24161972/page/17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090308063048/http://rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/24161972/page/17 <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archive-date=March 8, 2009 |access-date=April 6, 2009 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |page=73 |issue=1066}}</ref>
*2008: She was selected as the women most admired by [[The Washington Post]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/12/02/AR2008120201632.html|title=Women to Skimp on Health Care: Poll|work=by Kathleen Doheny|date=December 2, 2008|access-date=April 4, 2018}}</ref>
* 2009: ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' ranked her 1985 performance of "What's Love Got to Do With It" as one of the top 10 Grammy moments.<ref name="TimeTop10Grammys">{{cite magazine |title=Top 10 Grammy Moments |url= https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877498_1877438_1877512,00.html |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=December 16, 2018 |date=February 28, 2009 |archive-date=November 20, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181120034840/http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877498_1877438_1877512,00.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2010: ''Rolling Stone'' ranked Turner No. 63 on their list of the [[Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time|100 Greatest Artists of All Time]].<ref name="Rolling Stone-2010">{{Cite magazine |date=December 3, 2010 |title=100 Greatest Artists |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/100-greatest-artists-147446/carl-perkins-2-86720/ |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=November 3, 2019 |archive-date=April 6, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200406232656/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/100-greatest-artists-147446/carl-perkins-2-86720/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2011, Turner ranked No. 20 on The greatest singers ever by [[NME]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/photos/the-greatest-singers-ever-as-voted-by-you/219416#/photo/1|title=The greatest singers ever - as voted by you|website=[[NME]]|date=June 21, 2011}}</ref>
*2012, Turner ranked No. 34 on [[VH1]]'s 100 Greatest Artists Of All Time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thoughtcatalog.com/jimmy-chen/2012/08/vh1s-100-greatest-artists-of-all-time/|title = VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time|date = August 31, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/lists/VH1-Greatest-Artists-Of-All-Time-2010/28212?page=2|title = VH1 Greatest Artists of All Time (2010) by wbwolf &#124; Discogs Lists|website = [[Discogs]]}}</ref>
*2012, Turner ranked No. 22 on The 100 hottest female singers of all time by [[complex.com]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.complex.com/music/2012/12/the-100-hottest-female-singers-of-all-time/tina-turner|title = The 100 Hottest Female Singers of All Time|website = [[Complex Networks]]}}</ref>
* 2013: Turner covered ''[[List of Vogue Deutsch cover models|Vogue Germany]]'', becoming the oldest person (aged 73) to cover ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' magazine, surpassing [[Meryl Streep]] (aged 62) who covered American ''Vogue'' in 2012.<ref name="vogue">{{cite magazine |url= https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-hook/1551329/tina-turner-covers-vogue-germany |title=Tina Turner Covers Vogue Germany |last=DelliCarpini |first=Gregory Jr. |date=March 11, 2013 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=October 24, 2015 |archive-date=September 24, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150924215808/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-hook/1551329/tina-turner-covers-vogue-germany |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2013, [[ABC News (United States)|ABC]] named Turner one of the greatest woman in music.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 31, 2013 |title=Weigh In: "New Year's Rockin' Eve Presents: The 30 Greatest Women in Music" |url=https://thatgrapejuice.net/2013/12/weigh-years-rockin-eve-presents-30-greatest-women-music/ |access-date=May 30, 2023}}</ref>
*2013, Turner ranked No. 6 on most loved singers in Switzerland. by The Swiss TV channel [[SRF 1]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://elvistwist.blogspot.com/2013/01/tina-turner-number-6-most-loved-singers.html|title = Elvis Twist: Tina Turner number 6 most loved singers in Switzerland &#124; Tina|date = January 21, 2013}}</ref>
*2013, Turner ranked No. 2 on 10 biggest musical comebacks of all time by [[Toronto Sun]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.torontosun.com/2013/01/10/10-biggest-musical-comebacks-of-all-time|title = 10 biggest musical comebacks of all time}}</ref>
*2014, Turner ranked No. 2 on The 15 Greatest Legs In The Music Biz by [[VH1]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vh1.com/news/4nh64w/15-greatest-legs-in-music |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518034054/https://www.vh1.com/news/4nh64w/15-greatest-legs-in-music |url-status=live |archive-date=May 18, 2022 |title=The 15 Hottest Legs In Music – VH1 News |publisher=Vh1.com |date=March 23, 2014 |access-date=December 15, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.973now.com/onair/ridder-journal-53735/taylor-swift-the-greatest-legs-in-12188955 |title=Taylor Swift the 'Greatest Legs in the Music Biz' [TOP 15 LIST&#93; &#124; Ridder |publisher=97-3 NOW |date=March 25, 2014 |access-date=December 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312055850/http://www.973now.com/onair/ridder-journal-53735/taylor-swift-the-greatest-legs-in-12188955/ |archive-date=March 12, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 2014: Turner was inducted into the Soul Music Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.soulmusic.com/the-soulmusic-hall-of-fame-lifetime-achievement-inductees/ |title=Tina Turner, SOULMUSIC HALL OF FAME: LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT |date=December 12, 2014 |work=by soulmusic |access-date=May 8, 2018 |archive-date=May 8, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180508213658/http://www.soulmusic.com/the-soulmusic-hall-of-fame-lifetime-achievement-inductees/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2015, Turner was inducted into the&nbsp;[[Hit Parade Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tina Turner |url=http://whitgunn.freeservers.com/Davemusic/acts/T.html#tina_turner |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120140954/http://whitgunn.freeservers.com/Davemusic/acts/T.html#tina_turner |archive-date=2012-01-20 |access-date=January 23, 2014 |publisher=Hit Parade Hall of Fame}}</ref>
*2015: Turner ranked No. 4 on 11 Hair Icons of all time by [[Hype Hair]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hypehair.com/51164/tbt-11-hair-icons-still-inspiring-todays-looks/|title = #TBT: 11 Hair Icons Who Are Still Inspiring Today's Looks|date = July 23, 2015}}</ref>
*2015: The Tina Turner Museum at Flagg Grove School proved once again that it truly is Simply The Best addition to Tennessee Tourism winning nine awards at The Tennessee Association of Museums Conference. In a ceremony at Discovery Park of America<ref>{{cite web|url=https://brownsvilleradio.com/the-tina-turner-museum-at-flagg-grove-school-receives-nine-tennessee-association-of-museum-awards/ |title=The Tina Turner Museum winning nine awards |date=March 25, 2015 |publisher= |access-date=December 15, 2015}}</ref> 
*2015, Turner ranked No. 33 on MetroNOW's Top 50 [[Gay Icons]] by [[MetroSource]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://metrosource.com.s123317.gridserver.com/2012/05/03/metronows-top-50-gay-icons-the-definitive-list/ |title=Metrosource » MetroNOW's Top 50 Gay Icons: The Definitive List! |access-date=December 26, 2015 |archive-date=May 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528141317/http://metrosource.com.s123317.gridserver.com/2012/05/03/metronows-top-50-gay-icons-the-definitive-list/ |url-status= }}</ref>
* 2015: ''Rolling Stone'' ranked Ike & Tina Turner No. 2 on their list of the 20 Greatest Duos of All Time.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/20-greatest-duos-of-all-time-16272/2-ike-tina-turner-239736/ |title=20 Greatest Duos of All Time |date=December 17, 2015 |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=November 4, 2019 |archive-date=June 2, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190602094704/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/20-greatest-duos-of-all-time-16272/2-ike-tina-turner-239736/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2015: Ike & Tina Turner were inducted into the St. Louis Classic Rock Hall of Fame.<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.stlouisclassicrock.com/hall-of-fame |title=St. Louis Classic Rock Hall of Fame Vote – Class of 2019 |website=stlouisclassicrock.com |access-date=November 3, 2019 |archive-date=September 28, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190928143226/http://www.stlouisclassicrock.com/hall-of-fame/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2015, Turner was ranked number 29 in ''Billboard'' magazine's list of the "35 Greatest R&B Artists of All Time".<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=November 12, 2015 |title=The 35 Greatest R&B Artists Of All Time |url=https://www.billboard.com/photos/6737387/best-r-and-b-singers-of-all-time |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref>
*2016, Turner ranked No. 2 on Top 5 Greatest Voices in the History of Rock Music by ppcorn.com.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ppcorn.com/us/2016/01/03/top-5-greatest-voices-in-the-history-of-rock-music/ |title=Top 5 Greatest Voices in the History of Rock Music |access-date=January 3, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304215549/http://ppcorn.com/us/2016/01/03/top-5-greatest-voices-in-the-history-of-rock-music/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 }}</ref>
* 2016: An image of Turner taken by [[Jack Robinson (photographer)|Jack Robinson]] in 1969 was used as the cover for [[The Last Shadow Puppets]] album ''[[Everything You've Come to Expect]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 6, 2017 |title=The Last Shadow Puppets beat David Bowie to win top album artwork prize |url= https://www.nme.com/news/music/last-shadow-puppets-bowie-album-artwork-prize-1936275 |access-date=April 4, 2021 |website=NME |language=en-GB |archive-date=February 27, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210227015903/https://www.nme.com/news/music/last-shadow-puppets-bowie-album-artwork-prize-1936275 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2016, Turner ranked No. 55 on The 75 Greatest Women of All Time by ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.esquire.com/entertainment/g514/greatest-women-in-history/?slide=55|title = The 75 Greatest Women of All Time|date = February 4, 2016}}</ref>
*2018, ''Billboard'' listed Turner's performance in Mad Max Beyond&nbsp;Thunderdome&nbsp;(1985) film as the 68th best performance of a musician in a box-office film.<ref name="bbactorssingers">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/media/lists/musician-movie-performances-top-100-8477854/ |title=The 100 Best Acting Performances by Musicians in Movies |magazine=Billboard |date=October 4, 2018 |accessdate=February 24, 2025}}</ref>
*2018, album ''[[Private Dancer]]'' appeared on ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine's list of the 100 Best Albums of the 1980s and is also included in the book ''[[1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die]]''.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2023-05-24 |title=1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die |url=http://1001albumsyoumusthearbeforeyoudie.wikidot.com/tina-turner-private-dancer |access-date=2023-05-27 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en}}</ref>
*2018,&nbsp;Billboard&nbsp;ranked Turner at number 37 on their Top 60 Female Artists of All-Time list.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last= |date=2024-09-18 |title=-hot-100-turns-60-top-60-female-artists-all-time-|url=https://www.billboard.com/pro/hot-100-turns-60-top-60-female-artists-all-time-madonna-mariah-carey-janet-jackson/ |access-date=2024-09-19 |magazine=Billboard |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202034853/https://www.billboard.com/pro/hot-100-turns-60-top-60-female-artists-all-time-madonna-mariah-carey-janet-jackson/ |archive-date=February 2, 2022 |language=}}</ref>
* 2019: Turner was inducted into the [[Memphis Music Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://dailymemphian.com/article/5885/Tina-Turner-Steve-Cropper-to-enter-Memphis-Music-Hall-of-Fame |title=Tina Turner, Steve Cropper to enter Memphis Music Hall of Fame |last=Boyd |first=Jared |date=June 26, 2019 |website=Daily Memphian |access-date=June 30, 2019 |archive-date=June 30, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190630061041/https://dailymemphian.com/article/5885/Tina-Turner-Steve-Cropper-to-enter-Memphis-Music-Hall-of-Fame |url-status=live}}</ref>
*2020, She was one of the greatest Voices of the 80s by [[MTV]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |last= |date=2024-09-18 |title=-Top 50 Greatest Voices of the 80s!|url=https://en-gr.movieposterdb.com/mtv-80s-top-50-greatest-voices-of-the-80s-i13696630 |access-date=2024-09-19 |magazine=MTV|language=}}</ref>
*2020, the publication included her on its list of the 100 Greatest Music Video Artists of All Time<ref>{{Cite magazine |last= |date=2024-09-18 |title=-100 Greatest Music Video Artists of All Time|url=https://www.billboard.com/media/lists/100-best-music-video-artists-9440075/ |access-date=2024-09-19 |magazine=billboard|language=}}</ref>
* 2020: ''[[Private Dancer]]'' was added to the [[National Recording Registry]] at the [[Library of Congress]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turner, Houston, Village People honored by Library of Congress |publisher=CNN Video |date=March 26, 2020 |url= https://www.cnn.com/videos/us/2020/03/26/tina-turner-whitney-houston-village-people-library-of-congress-orig-jk.cnn |access-date=March 29, 2020 |archive-date=March 28, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200328190349/https://www.cnn.com/videos/us/2020/03/26/tina-turner-whitney-houston-village-people-library-of-congress-orig-jk.cnn |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2021: Turner became a two-time Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee.<ref name="NPR-2021">{{Cite news |title=Tina Turner, Jay-Z, Foo Fighters Among Those Inducted Into Rock & Roll Hall Of Fame |url= https://www.npr.org/2021/05/12/995950982/tina-turner-jay-z-foo-fighters-among-those-inducted-into-rock-roll-hall-of-fame |access-date=May 12, 2021 |newspaper=NPR.org |language=en |archive-date=May 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210512130635/https://www.npr.org/2021/05/12/995950982/tina-turner-jay-z-foo-fighters-among-those-inducted-into-rock-roll-hall-of-fame |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2021: Turner received an honorary doctorate for her "unique musical and artistic life's work" from the Philosophical and Historical Faculty of the [[University of Bern]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.blick.ch/people-tv/schweiz/feier-im-kultur-casino-abgesagt-tina-turner-bekommt-ehrendoktortitel-der-uni-bern-per-post-id17040223.html |title=Tina Turner bekommt Ehrendoktortitel der Uni Bern per Post |last=Galli |first=Jean-Claude |date=December 4, 2021 |website=[[Blick]] |publisher=[[Ringier]] |access-date=March 8, 2022 |language=de |trans-title=Tina Turner receives honorary doctorate from the University of Bern by post |archive-date=March 8, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220308032741/https://www.blick.ch/people-tv/schweiz/feier-im-kultur-casino-abgesagt-tina-turner-bekommt-ehrendoktortitel-der-uni-bern-per-post-id17040223.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2022: [[Mattel]] released a [[Barbie doll]] in Turner's likeness to commemorate her single "What's Love Got to Do with It".<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 13, 2022 |title=Barbie Signature Music Series Tina Turner Doll |url= https://creations.mattel.com/en-ca/products/barbie-signature-music-series-doll-hcb98 |website=Mattel Creations |access-date=October 16, 2022 |archive-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221015012356/https://creations.mattel.com/en-ca/products/barbie-signature-music-series-doll-hcb98 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2023: ''Rolling Stone'' ranked Turner No. 55 on their list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=January 1, 2023 |title=The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-singers-all-time-1234642307/tina-turner-24-1234643114/ |access-date=August 18, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref>
*2023, The song "What's Love Got to Do With It" appeared on ''Billboard''{{'s}} list of the 500 best pop songs of all time.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/lists/best-pop-songs-all-time-hits/200-van-halen-jump/ |title=The 500 Best Pop Songs: Staff List |magazine=Billboard |date=October 4, 2023 |accessdate=February 24, 2025}}</ref>
*2023–2024:&nbsp;[[Smooth Radio (2014)|Smooth Radio]]&nbsp;ranked Turner No. 8 on their list of the top music icon of all time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.smoothradio.com/news/music/smooth-icons-2024-results/|title=Tina: Greatest Artists of all time|website=smoothradio.com|publisher=|access-date=October 30, 2024}}</ref>
*2025, [[Forbes]] ranked her No. 9 on The 50 Black Female Singers With Incredible Vocals List.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/entertainment/article/black-female-singers/ |title=Top 50 Black Female Singers With Incredible Vocals |work= Forbes |date=October 4, 2023 |accessdate=March 24, 2025}}</ref> and the number five female singer of the 80s .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fitzgerald |first=Toni |title=30 Notable Female Singers Of The '80s |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/entertainment/article/80s-female-singers/ |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref>

==Discography==
{{Main|Tina Turner discography|Ike & Tina Turner discography}}
{{See also|List of songs written by Tina Turner|List of songs written by Ike Turner}}

===Studio albums===
* ''[[Tina Turns the Country On!]]'' (1974)
* ''[[Acid Queen]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Rough (album)|Rough]]'' (1978)
* ''[[Love Explosion]]'' (1979)
* ''[[Private Dancer]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Break Every Rule]]'' (1986)
* ''[[Foreign Affair]]'' (1989)
* ''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (song)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]'' (1993)
* ''[[Wildest Dreams (Tina Turner album)|Wildest Dreams]]'' (1996)
* ''[[Twenty Four Seven (Tina Turner album)|Twenty Four Seven]]'' (1999)

==Tours==
{{See also|List of Ike & Tina Turner live performances}}
* 1977: Australian Tour<ref>{{Cite web |title=On this day the 7th of September |url= https://www.sablues.org/on_this_day/on_this_day_sept.htm#o7 |access-date=August 15, 2021 |website=South Australian Roots & Blues |archive-date=August 16, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210816053915/https://www.sablues.org/on_this_day/on_this_day_sept.htm#o7 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 1978: Tina Turner Revue<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ike & Tina Turner – Rough, Tour 1978 – Konzertplakat, 216,40 € |url= https://www.theconcertposter.com/Ike-Tina-Turner-Rough-Tour-1978-Konzertplakat |access-date=August 15, 2021 |website=Ike & Tina Turner – Rough, Tour 1978 – Konzertplakat, 216,40 € |language=en |archive-date=August 16, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210816053919/https://www.theconcertposter.com/Ike-Tina-Turner-Rough-Tour-1978-Konzertplakat |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 1979: Tina Turner Show<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.theconcertposter.com/Ike-Tina-Turner-Love-Explosion-Tour-1979-Konzertplakat |title=Ike & Tina Turner – Love Explosion, Tour 1979 – Konzertplakat |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=1979 |website=TheConcertPoster |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712112821/https://www.theconcertposter.com/Ike-Tina-Turner-Love-Explosion-Tour-1979-Konzertplakat |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 1981–1983: Tina Turner: Live in Concert<ref>Sources for tour held from 1981 to 1983:
*{{cite news |last=Gruber |first=Ruth E. |title=Tina Turner reminds Poles of the good life |url= https://www.upi.com/Archives/1981/12/06/Tina-Turner-reminds-Poles-of-the-good-life/4692376462800/ |work=[[United Press International]] |date=December 6, 1981 |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712111249/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1981/12/06/Tina-Turner-reminds-Poles-of-the-good-life/4692376462800/ |archive-date=July 12, 2021 |ref=none}}
*{{cite web |url= https://www.cjonline.com/story/news/local/2023/05/25/rock-star-tina-turners-1982-show-in-topeka-remembered-by-scatband/70253821007/ |title=Tina Turner thrilled Topeka audience in 1982. Here's what show meant for her opening act. |last=Hrenchir |first=Tim |date=May 25, 2023 |website=The Topeka Capital-Journal |access-date=June 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20230622115710/https://www.cjonline.com/story/news/local/2023/05/25/rock-star-tina-turners-1982-show-in-topeka-remembered-by-scatband/70253821007/ |archive-date=June 22, 2023 |ref=none}}
*{{cite web |url= https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2023/05/looking-back-tina-turners-performances-dazzled-cleveland-audiences-over-the-years.html |title=Looking back: Tina Turner's performances dazzled Cleveland audiences over the years |last=Abram |first=Malcolm X |date=May 26, 2023 |website=The Plain Dealer |publisher=Advance Publications |access-date=June 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20230622120233/https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2023/05/looking-back-tina-turners-performances-dazzled-cleveland-audiences-over-the-years.html |archive-date=June 22, 2023 |ref=none}}</ref>
* 1984: 1984 World Tour<ref>{{cite news |last=Pareles |first=Jon |title=Concert: Tina Turner at the Ritz |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1984/08/23/arts/concert-tina-turner-at-the-ritz.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York City |date=August 23, 1984 |access-date=July 12, 2021 |page=13 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712110931/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/08/23/arts/concert-tina-turner-at-the-ritz.html |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 1985: [[Private Dancer Tour]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1985/7/22/the-comeback-queen-of-rock-n-roll |title=The comeback queen of rock 'n' roll |last=Johnson |first=Brian D. |date=July 22, 1985 |website=[[Maclean's]] |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190727233011/http://archive.macleans.ca/article/1985/7/22/the-comeback-queen-of-rock-n-roll |archive-date=July 27, 2019}} [https://archive.st/archive/2021/7/archive.macleans.ca/o0ih/archive.macleans.ca/article/1985/7/22/the-comeback-queen-of-rock-n-roll.html Alt URL] {{Webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210712114409/https://archive.st/archive/2021/7/archive.macleans.ca/o0ih/archive.macleans.ca/article/1985/7/22/the-comeback-queen-of-rock-n-roll.html |date=July 12, 2021 }}</ref>
* 1987–1988: [[Break Every Rule World Tour]]<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/06/05/starlight-stars-bright/d8f18040-f3ec-40cc-bc61-1c62c37176d5/ |title=Starlight, Stars Bright |last=Harrington |first=Richard |date=June 5, 1987 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712110249/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/06/05/starlight-stars-bright/d8f18040-f3ec-40cc-bc61-1c62c37176d5/ |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 1990: [[Foreign Affair: The Farewell Tour]]<ref>{{cite news |url= https://elpais.com/diario/1990/07/04/cultura/647042408_850215.html |title=Tina Turner comienza en Madrid su gira española tras anunciar su despedida de los escenarios |language=es |trans-title=Tina Turner begins her Spanish tour in Madrid after announcing her farewell to the stage |last=Saenz de Tejada |first=Ignacio |date=July 4, 1990 |website=[[El País]] |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712105145/https://elpais.com/diario/1990/07/04/cultura/647042408_850215.html |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 1993: [[What's Love? Tour]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1993-08-02-1993214017-story.html |title=For Tina Turner's show, showmanship is everything |last=Considine |first=J.D. |date=August 2, 1993 |website=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712104820/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1993-08-02-1993214017-story.html |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 1996–1997: [[Wildest Dreams Tour]]<ref>{{cite news |last=Elliott |first=Stuart |title=A new campaign for Hanes hosiery features the singer Tina Turner and her famous legs |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/17/business/new-campaign-for-hanes-hosiery-features-singer-tina-turner-her-famous-legs.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |location=New York City |date=September 17, 1996 |access-date=July 12, 2021 |page=6 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712104148/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/17/business/new-campaign-for-hanes-hosiery-features-singer-tina-turner-her-famous-legs.html |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 2000: [[Twenty Four Seven Tour]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-2000-10-13-0010110712-story.html |title=TINA TURNER STILL SMOLDERS ON LAST TOUR |last=Woliver |first=Robbie |date=October 13, 2000 |website=[[Sun-Sentinel|South Florida Sun-Sentinel]] |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712103536/https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-2000-10-13-0010110712-story.html |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 2008–2009: [[Tina!: 50th Anniversary Tour]]<ref>{{cite press release |title=Tina Turner's 2008 North American Tour Extended |publisher=[[AEG Live]] |date=September 4, 2008 |url= http://www.aeglive.com/news/view/10147 |access-date=July 5, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120314145030/http://www.aeglive.com/news/view/10147 |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 14, 2012}}</ref>

===As opening act===
* 1981: [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1981|American Tour 1981]] {{small|(for the [[Rolling Stones]])}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Rockwell |first=John |title=POP: THE STONES AT PLAY |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/07/arts/pop-the-stones-at-play.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York City |date=November 7, 1981 |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712111928/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/07/arts/pop-the-stones-at-play.html |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 1981: Worth Leavin' Home For Tour {{small|(for [[Rod Stewart]])}}<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.thebreeze.co.nz/home/music/2020/10/on-this-day--1981--rod-stewart---tina-turner-belt-out-epic-live-.html |title=ON THIS DAY, 1981: Rod Stewart & Tina Turner belt out epic live performance of 'Hot Legs' |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=October 1, 2020 |website=[[The Breeze (New Zealand radio station)|The Breeze]] |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712113621/https://www.thebreeze.co.nz/home/music/2020/10/on-this-day--1981--rod-stewart---tina-turner-belt-out-epic-live-.html |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>
* 1984: Can't Slow Down Tour {{small|(for [[Lionel Richie]])}}<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.vogue.co.uk/arts-and-lifestyle/article/celebrities-honour-tina-turner |title=No Dull Moments, It Was All Fire!: Lionel Richie, Donatella Versace, Giorgio Armani & More Honour Their Friend Tina Turner |last=Freeman |first=Liam |date=April 1, 2021 |website=[[British Vogue]] |access-date=July 12, 2021 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20210712103252/https://www.vogue.co.uk/arts-and-lifestyle/article/celebrities-honour-tina-turner |archive-date=July 12, 2021}}</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Year
! Film
! Role
! Notes
|-
|1965
|''[[The Big T.N.T. Show]]''
| rowspan="6" |Herself
|Sequel to ''[[T.A.M.I. Show]]<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 30, 1965 |title='Big TNT Show' Has Many Music Stars |pages=2 |work=Irving News Texan |url= https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-irving-daily-news-texan-the-big-tn/135374003/ |access-date=November 18, 2023}}</ref>''
|-
| rowspan="2" |1970
|''[[It's Your Thing (film)|It's Your Thing]]''
|Documentary on [[the Isley Brothers]] concert at Yankee Stadium<ref>{{Cite web |title=It's Your Thing (1970) |url= https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b69d21153 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |publisher=British Film Institute |language=en |archive-date=July 18, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190718092844/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b69d21153 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Gimme Shelter (1970 film)|Gimme Shelter]]''
| Documentary on [[the Rolling Stones]]' [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1969|1969 American tour]]<ref name="TVG filmog">{{cite web |title=Tina Turner List of Movies and TV Shows |url= https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/tina-turner/credits/3030296794/ |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230430030727/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/tina-turner/credits/3030296794/ |archive-date=April 30, 2023 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |website=TV Guide}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |1971
|''[[Soul to Soul (film)|Soul to Soul]]''
|Documentary on the Independence Day concert in [[Ghana]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Thompson |first=Howard |date=August 19, 1971 |title=Rousing 'Soul to Soul' |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1971/08/19/archives/rousing-soul-to-soul.html |access-date=May 24, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=March 24, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220324183205/https://www.nytimes.com/1971/08/19/archives/rousing-soul-to-soul.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Taking Off (film)|Taking Off]]''
|<ref name="TVG filmog"/>
|-
|''[[Schaefer Music Festival|Good Vibrations from Central Park]]''
|<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Betts |first=Stephen L. |date=April 27, 2017 |title=Flashback: See Beach Boys Cover Merle Haggard's 'Okie From Muskogee' |url= https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-country/flashback-see-beach-boys-cover-merle-haggards-okie-from-muskogee-122238/ |access-date=May 24, 2023 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US |archive-date=October 6, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191006013851/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-country/flashback-see-beach-boys-cover-merle-haggards-okie-from-muskogee-122238/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1975
|''[[Tommy (1975 film)|Tommy]]''
| The Acid Queen
|<ref name="TVG filmog"/>
|-
|''Ann-Margret Olsson''
| rowspan="2" |Herself
|TV programme<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ann-Margaret Olsson |url= https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/459402/ann-margret-olsson |access-date=May 24, 2023 |website=TCM}}</ref>
|-
|''Poiret est à vous''
|TV variety show<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ike and Tina Turner performing with Ikettes on French television special 'Poiret est a vous' |url= https://digitalcollections.detroitpubliclibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora:260795 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |website=Digital Collections. Detroit Public Library}}</ref>
|-
| 1978
|''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (film)|Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]''
| Our Guests at Heartland
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tina Turner |url= https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba1c61ab3 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |publisher=British Film Institute |language=en |archive-date=June 26, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220626174735/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba1c61ab3 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|1982
|''Chuck Berry: Live at the Roxy with Tina Turner''
|Herself
|<ref name="TVG filmog"/>
|-
| 1985
|''[[Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome]]''
| Aunty Entity
| Won (1986) – [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture]]<ref name="TVG filmog"/>
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1993
|''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (1993 film)|What's Love Got to Do with it]]''
| rowspan="2" | Herself
| Singing voice for [[Angela Bassett]], also archive footage<ref name="TVG filmog"/>
|-
|''Tina Turner: Girl From Nutbush''
|Documentary<ref name="TVG filmog"/>
|-
|''[[Last Action Hero]]''
| The Mayor
|<ref name="TVG filmog"/>
|-
|2000
|''[[Ally McBeal]]''
| rowspan="3" |Herself
|Episode: "The Oddball Parade"<ref name="TVG filmog"/>
|-
|2012
|''[[Ike & Tina on the Road: 1971–72]]''
|Documentary filmed by rock photographer [[Bob Gruen]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bielawski |first=Lukasz |date=October 10, 2012 |title=Ike & Tina: On The Road: 1971-72 comes to DVD on November 20 |url= https://www.guitarworld.com/news/ike-tina-road-1971-72-comes-dvd-november-20 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |website=Guitar World |language=en |archive-date=August 10, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220810084418/https://www.guitarworld.com/news/ike-tina-road-1971-72-comes-dvd-november-20 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 2021
|''[[Tina (film)|Tina]]''
|Documentary,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tina Turner |url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/tina_turner |access-date=May 24, 2023 |website=Rotten Tomatoes |language=en |archive-date=February 27, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230227150622/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/tina_turner |url-status=live}}</ref> final film role
|}

==Books==
* ''Tina!'' (1985).<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.tina-turner.nl/ivory.php |title=Tina Turner Online |access-date=July 16, 2023}}</ref>
*''[[I, Tina|I, Tina: My Life Story]]'' (1986)<ref name=LATimes>{{cite news |url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-05-16-ca-35747-story.html |title=Summer Sneaks: Tina Turner's Story Through a Disney Prism – The singer's film biography, ''What's Love Got to Do With It'', focuses on her turbulent relationship with her mentor and ex-husband Ike Turner as well as her triumphant comeback |work=Los Angeles Times |date=May 16, 1993 |access-date=December 14, 2018 |first=Michael |last=Walker |archive-date=September 27, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180927094245/http://articles.latimes.com/1993-05-16/entertainment/ca-35747_1_tina-turner/3 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* ''My Love Story: A Memoir'', Atria Books (2018)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nyjournalofbooks.com/book-review/my-love-story-memoir |title=Reviewed by Edith G. Tolchin in New York Journal of Books |date=October 16, 2018 |access-date=December 12, 2018 |archive-date=December 15, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181215121427/https://www.nyjournalofbooks.com/book-review/my-love-story-memoir |url-status=live}}</ref>
* ''[[Happiness Becomes You (book)|Happiness Becomes You: A Guide to Changing Your Life for Good]]'', Atria Books (2020)<ref>{{cite book |url= https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Happiness-Becomes-You/Tina-Turner/9781982152154 |title=Happiness Becomes You |isbn=9781982152154 |access-date=April 2, 2020 |archive-date=June 4, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200604223555/https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Happiness-Becomes-You/Tina-Turner/9781982152154 |url-status=live |last=Turner |first=Tina |date=December 2020 |publisher=Simon and Schuster}}</ref>
* ''Tina Turner: That's My Life'' (2020)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tina Turner: That's My Life |url= https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/647595/tina-turner-thats-my-life-by-tina-turner/9780847869169 |website=Penguin Random House |access-date=October 16, 2022 |archive-date=October 16, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221016215015/https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/647595/tina-turner-thats-my-life-by-tina-turner/9780847869169 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

==References==
{{Reflist|22em}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book |last=Bego |first=Mark |title=Tina Turner: Break Every Rule |date=2005 |publisher=Taylor Trade Publishing |isbn=1-58979-253-X}} {{ISBN|9781461626022}}
* {{cite book |last=Bronson |first=Fred |title=The Billboard Book of Number 1 Hits: The Inside Story Behind Every Number One Single on Billboard's Hot 100 from 1955 to the Present |date=2003 |publisher=Billboard Books |isbn=0-8230-7677-6}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Cawthorne |first1=Nigel |author-link1=Nigel Cawthorne |last2=Turner |first2=Ike |url= https://archive.org/details/takinbackmynamec00turn |title=Takin' Back My Name: The Confessions of Ike Turner |publisher=Virgin Books |date=1999 |isbn=9781852278502}}
* {{cite book |last=Collis |first=Jon |title=Ike Turner- King of Rhythm |date=2003 |publisher=The Do Not Press |location=London |isbn=978-1-904316-24-4 |url-access=registration |url= https://archive.org/details/iketurnerkingofr0000coll}}
* {{cite book |last=Fissinger |first=Laura |title=Tina Turner |date=1985 |publisher=Ballantine Books |isbn=0-345-32642-3}}
* {{cite book |url= https://archive.org/details/africanaartslett0000unse?q=tina+turner |last=Gates |first=Henry Louis |date=2005 |title=Africana: Arts and Letters: An A-to-Z Reference of Writers, Musicians, and Artists of the African American Experience |publisher=Running Press |isbn=0-7624-2042-1}}
* {{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=pLgqFaYmgw8C&q=Ike+%26+Tina+Turner&pg=PA177 |last=Gulla |first=Bob |title=Icons of R&B and Soul, Vol. 1: An Encyclopedia of The Artists Who Revolutionized Rhythm |date=2008 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-31334-044-4}}
* {{cite book |last=Hasday |first=Judy L. |title=Tina Turner: Black Americans of Achievement |date=June 1999 |publisher=Chelsea House Publications |isbn=0-7910-4967-1 |url= https://archive.org/details/tinaturner00hasd}}
* {{cite magazine |last=Kiersh |first=Ed |year=1985 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TZaFMCee5HQC&q=ike+shoots+paperboy&pg=PA43 |title=Ike's Story |magazine=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]] |access-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-date=January 26, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210126075034/https://books.google.com/books?id=TZaFMCee5HQC&q=ike+shoots+paperboy&pg=PA43 |url-status=live}}
* {{cite book |last=Koenig |first=Teresa |title=Tina Turner (Center Stage) |date=1986 |publisher=Crestwood House |isbn=0-89686-305-0}}<!-- <http://randb.about.com/od/Top-Ten-Career-Hilights/tp/Tina-Turners-Ten-Greatest-Moments.htm> -->
* {{cite book |last=Mabery |first=D.L. |title=Tina Turner |date=1986 |publisher=Lerner Publishing Group |isbn=0-8225-1609-8 |url= https://archive.org/details/tinaturner0000mabe}}
* {{cite book |last=McKeen |first=William |title=Rock & Roll Is Here to Stay: An Anthology |url= https://archive.org/details/rockrollishereto00mcke |url-access=registration |date=2000 |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |isbn=0-39304-700-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Norris |first=Sharon |title=Haywood County: Tennessee |date=September 1, 2000 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=978-0-73850-605-0}}
* {{cite book |last=Orth |first=Maureen |title=Proud Tina: Tina Turner, The Importance of Being Famous |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=HftxNDlLSYUC&q=Pistol+whippin%27+Ike+Turner&pg=PA36 |date=May 6, 2004 |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=978-0-80507-545-8}}
* {{cite magazine |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NdkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA31 |title=Tina Turner: The Shocking Story of a Battered Wife Who Escaped to Fame and Fortune |last=Turner |first=Tina |magazine=[[Ebony (magazine)|Ebony]] |date=November 1986 |ref={{harvid|Ebony|1986}} }}
* {{Cite book |last1=Turner |first1=Tina |last2=Loder |first2=Kurt |title=I, Tina: My Life Story |publisher=Avon Books |date=1986 |isbn=0-380-70097-2 |url= https://archive.org/details/itinamylifestory00turn/page/202/mode/2up}}
* {{Cite book |last=Turner |first=Tina |date=2018 |title=Tina Turner: My Love Story |publisher=Atria Books |isbn=9781501198243}}
* {{cite book |last=Whitburn |first=Joel |title=The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Complete Chart Information About America's Most Popular Songs and Artists, 1955–2003 |date=2004 |publisher=Billboard Books |isbn=0-8230-7499-4}}
* {{cite book |last=Wynn |first=Ron |title=Tina: The Tina Turner Story |publisher=Collier Books |date=August 1, 1985 |isbn=0-02007-780-7}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Sister project links|d=Q131814|c=Category:Tina Turner|q=Tina Turner|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|species=no|s=no|wikt=no}}
* [https://www.thetinaturner.com/ Official website]
* [https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/tina-turner Tina Turner] on [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]
* {{AllMusic}}
* {{discogs artist|Tina Turner}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0877913|name=Tina Turner}}

{{Tina Turner}}
{{Ike & Tina Turner}}
{{Navboxes
|title = [[List of awards and nominations received by Tina Turner|Awards for Tina Turner]]
|list =
{{American Music Award for Favorite Pop/Rock Female Artist}}
{{American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist}}
{{Grammy Award for Record of the Year}}
{{Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award}}
{{Kennedy Center Honorees 2000s}}
{{MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video}}
{{NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture}}
{{1991 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}
{{2021 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}
}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|United States|Switzerland|Rhythm and blues |Pop music}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Turner, Tina}}
[[Category:Tina Turner| ]]
[[Category:1939 births]]
[[Category:2023 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American women singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American women singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American singers]]
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[[Category:21st-century African-American women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century American women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century American actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century American memoirists]]
[[Category:Actresses from St. Louis]]
[[Category:Actresses from Tennessee]]
[[Category:African-American Buddhists]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century American Buddhists]]
[[Category:20th-century American Buddhists]]
[[Category:African-American choreographers]]
[[Category:African-American female dancers]]
[[Category:African-American memoirists]]
[[Category:African-American women memoirists]]
[[Category:African-American rock singers]]
[[Category:American Buddhists]]
[[Category:American choreographers]]
[[Category:American contraltos]]
[[Category:American emigrants to Switzerland]]
[[Category:American film actresses]]
[[Category:American pop rock singers]]
[[Category:American rhythm and blues singers]]
[[Category:American soul singers]]
[[Category:American television actresses]]
[[Category:American women memoirists]]
[[Category:American women pop singers]]
[[Category:American women rock singers]]
[[Category:Baptists from Tennessee]]
[[Category:Capitol Records artists]]
[[Category:Converts to Buddhism from Protestantism]]
[[Category:EMI Records artists]]
[[Category:People who renounced United States citizenship]]
[[Category:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners]]
[[Category:Ike & Tina Turner members]]
[[Category:Kidney transplant recipients]]
[[Category:Kings of Rhythm members]]
[[Category:Members of Sōka Gakkai]]
[[Category:MTV Video Music Award winners]]
[[Category:Musicians with dyslexia]]
[[Category:Naturalised citizens of Switzerland]]
[[Category:American Nichiren Buddhists]]
[[Category:Parlophone artists]]
[[Category:People from Brownsville, Tennessee]]
[[Category:People from Haywood County, Tennessee]]
[[Category:People from Küsnacht]]
[[Category:People from View Park–Windsor Hills, California]]
[[Category:People named in the Panama Papers]]
[[Category:Performers of Buddhist music]]
[[Category:Pompeii Records artists]]
[[Category:Rock and roll musicians]]
[[Category:Singers from Missouri]]
[[Category:Singers from Tennessee]]
[[Category:Sonja Records artists]]
[[Category:Swiss Buddhists]]
[[Category:Swiss memoirists]]
[[Category:Swiss people of African-American descent]]
[[Category:Swiss television actresses]]
[[Category:United Artists Records artists]]
[[Category:Virgin Records artists]]
[[Category:Women autobiographers]]
[[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]]
[[Category:American writers with disabilities]]
[[Category:American musicians with disabilities]]