Editing Tiel

{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- Name and transliteration -->
| name                    = Tiel
| settlement_type         = [[List of municipalities of the Netherlands|Municipality]]
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline           = Tiel waterpoort C.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = Fortified dyke in Tiel
| image_flag              = Flag of Tiel.svg
| flag_size               = 100x67px
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Coat of arms of Tiel.svg
| shield_size             = 100x80px
| shield_alt              = 
<!-- Maps, coordinates -->
| image_map               = Map - NL - Municipality code 0281 (2009).svg
| map_alt                 = Highlighted position of Tiel in a municipal map of Gelderland
| map_caption             = Location in Gelderland
| pushpin_map             = Netherlands#Europe
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location within the Netherlands##Location within Europe
| pushpin_relief          = 1
| coordinates             = {{coord|51|53|N|5|26|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Gelderland]]
| government_footnotes    = <ref name="mayor_now">{{cite web 
 |url = http://raad.tiel.nl/Organisatie/Burgemeester%20en%20wethouders
 |title = Burgemeester en wethouders
 |trans-title=Mayor and aldermen
 |language = nl
 |publisher = Gemeente Tiel
 |access-date = 16 June 2014}}</ref>
| governing_body          = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_party            = [[Christian Democratic Appeal |CDA]]
| leader_title            = [[Burgemeester|Mayor]]
| leader_name             = [[Frank van der Meijden]]
<!-- Geographic information -->
| unit_pref               = Metric
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref>{{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}</ref>
<!-- square kilometers -->
| area_total_km2          = {{Dutch municipality total area|Tiel}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Dutch municipality land area|Tiel}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Dutch municipality water area|Tiel}}
| elevation_footnotes     = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web 
 |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool
 |title = Postcodetool for 4001MV
 |language = nl
 |author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> 
 |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland
 |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis
 |access-date = 16 June 2014}}</ref>
| elevation_m             = 7
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m         =
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m         =
<!-- Population, demographics -->
| population_footnotes    = <ref>{{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}</ref>
| population_total        = {{Dutch municipality population|Tiel}}
| population_as_of        = {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}
| population_density_km2  = {{Dutch municipality population density|Tiel}} <!-- For automatic calculation: auto-->
| population_demonym      = Tielenaar
<!-- Other information -->
| timezone                = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset              = +1
| timezone_DST            = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST          = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postcode]]
| postal_code             = 4000–4007, 4013–4014, 4017, 4062
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code               = 0344
| website                 = {{URL|1=http://www.tiel.nl}}
| footnotes               =
}}
[[File:Tiel-plaats-OpenTopo.jpg|270px|thumb|''Dutch Topographic map of Tiel (town), as of March 2014'']]
'''Tiel''' ({{IPA|nl|til|-|Nl-Tiel.ogg}}) is a [[Municipalities of the Netherlands|municipality]] and a town in the middle of the [[Netherlands]]. The town is enclosed by the [[Waal (river)|Waal]] river and the [[Linge]] river to the South and the North, and the [[Amsterdam-Rhine Canal]] to the East. Tiel comprises the population centres [[Kapel-Avezaath]], Tiel and [[Wadenoijen]]. The city was founded in the 5th century CE.

== The town of Tiel ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2008}}

Tiel is the largest town in the [[Betuwe]] area, which is famous for being one of the centres of Dutch fruit production. Orchards in the area produce [[apple]]s, [[pear]]s, [[plum]]s and [[cherry|cherries]]. Tiel once housed the famous [[jam]] factory ''De Betuwe''. After production was moved to [[Breda]] in 1993, the entire complex was demolished, although a part was reconstructed later. Reminding of this industry is a jam manufacturing museum and a statue of [[Flipje]], the raspberry-based comic figure who starred in De Betuwe's, jam factory advertisements since the 1930s.

Originally located on the [[Linge]] river Tiel became an important centre of trade in the early Middle Ages, especially after the demise of [[Dorestad]] in the 9th century. Tiel had two big churches, one of which, the St. Walburg, was a [[collegiate church]] that belonged to the [[Teutonic Knights]] and vanished after the Reformation while the other church, the St. Maarten, became Protestant. Much of the historic centre was destroyed during the [[Second World War]].

Every year, on the third Saturday in September, a festival known as ''Fruitcorso'' is held to celebrate the fruit harvest from the Betuwe area. On this day, a parade of wagons, decorated with fruit, travels through the city. [[Appelpop]] is a free, two-day music event that is held yearly on the second Friday and Saturday of September.

Tiel has also been known for its [[pewter]] industry. The last pewter factory and museum, which mainly produced collectibles for tourists, went bankrupt in early 2004, but has since been revived.

==Ancient history==
{{Infobox artifact
| name = Stonehenge of the Netherlands
| image = Gem-Tiel-2014Q1.jpg
| image2 = 
| image_caption = Map of Tiel, Netherlands
| material = 
| size = 
| writing = 
| created = 4000–4500 BCE
| discovered = 2017
| location = [[Tiel]]<br />(Artifacts that were found) Multiple institutions, including the National Museum of Antiquity in Leiden and the Flipje & Streekmuseum
| id = 
}}
[[Roman Empire|Roman]] artifacts (Rings, [[Statue|statues]], grave stones etc) have been found in Tiel.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sanou |first=Hanneke |date=2017-03-30 |title=Rich Roman haul surprises Dutch archaeologists |url=https://www.dutchnews.nl/2017/03/rich-roman-haul-surprises-dutch-archaeologists/ |access-date=2024-02-19 |website=DutchNews.nl |language=en-GB}}</ref>

The '''"Stonehenge of the Netherlands"''' is an ancient site that is over 4,000 years old.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutch archaeologists find 4,000-year-old shrine – DW – 06/22/2023 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/dutch-archaeologists-find-4000-year-old-shrine/a-65996139 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=dw.com }}</ref> The structure shows a similarity to [[Stonehenge]] in southern [[England]]; so it was dubbed "Stonehenge of the Netherlands" by the local media.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dua |first=Shubhangi |date=2023-06-22 |title=4,000-year-old sanctuary discovered in Central Netherlands |url=https://interestingengineering.com/culture/4000-year-old-sanctuary-discovered-in-central-netherlands |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=interestingengineering.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=4,000-year-old 'Stongehenge of the Netherlands' site revealed by scientists {{!}} indy100 |url=https://www.indy100.com/science-tech/stonehenge-of-netherlands-archeologists-discovery |access-date=2024-02-25 |website=www.indy100.com |language=en}}</ref>

It was used as a [[burial mound]] and for religious practices.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists unearth 4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge' burial ground in the Netherlands |url=https://www.wionews.com/trending/archaeologists-unearth-4000-year-old-stonehenge-burial-ground-in-the-netherlands-608203 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=WION|date=24 June 2023 }}</ref> It is located in [[Tiel]], Netherlands, and its  [[Excavation (archaeology)|excavation]] started in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ferrer |first=Isabel |date=2023-07-19 |title='Dutch Stonehenge' reveals 4,000-year-old solar calendar |url=https://english.elpais.com/culture/2023-07-19/dutch-stonehenge-reveals-4000-year-old-solar-calendar.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=EL PAÍS English }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutch archaeologists find 4,000-year-old shrine – DW – 06/22/2023 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/dutch-archaeologists-find-4000-year-old-shrine/a-65996139 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=dw.com }}</ref> According to the town's website, this was the first such discovery in the Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Solomon |first=Tessa |date=2023-06-22 |title=4,000-Year-Old Stonehenge-like Sanctuary Unearthed in the Netherlands |url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/stonehenge-like-sanctuary-unearthed-in-the-netherlands-1234672391/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=ARTnews.com }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=4,000-year-old 'Stongehenge of the Netherlands' site revealed by scientists {{!}} indy100 |url=https://www.indy100.com/science-tech/stonehenge-of-netherlands-archeologists-discovery |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.indy100.com }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeologists uncover 4,000-year-old shrine dubbed 'Stonehenge of the Netherlands' |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/world/stonehenge-of-the-netherlands-discovered |website=National Post}}</ref>

The mound contained remains of around 60 individuals.<ref>{{Cite web |last=LovecPokladu.cz |title=Archaeologists uncover 4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge of the Netherlands' with huge surprise |url=https://www.lovecpokladu.cz/en/home/archaeologists-uncover-4-000-year-old-stonehenge-of-the-netherlands-with-huge-surprise-9488 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=LovecPokladu.cz |language=en}}</ref> Three mounds were discovered; the main one is about 20 metres (65&nbsp;ft) in diameter. Its passages align with the sun at equinoxes and solstices, and according to the [[archeologists]] it served as a [[solar calendar]].<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Laura Geggel |date=2023-06-23 |title=4,500-year-old 'Stonehenge' sanctuary discovered in the Netherlands |url=https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/4500-year-old-stonehenge-sanctuary-discovered-in-the-netherlands |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=livescience.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Brussels |first=Bruno Waterfield |date=2024-02-11 |title=Archaeologists find 4,000-year-old 'Dutch Stonehenge' |newspaper=[[The Times]] |url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/archaeologists-find-4-000-year-old-dutch-stonehenge-shhl9wqnf |access-date=2024-02-11 |language=en |issn=0140-0460}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=AFP |date=2023-06-21 |title=Archaeologists unearth 4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge of the Netherlands' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jun/21/archaeologists-unearth-stonehenge-netherlands |access-date=2024-02-11 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

Around one million objects, dating from the [[Stone Age]], [[Bronze Age]], [[Iron Age]], [[Roman Empire]] and throughout the [[Middle Ages]], have been found. The oldest [[Artifact (archaeology)|artifacts]] can be traced back to [[2500 BCE]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutch unveil 4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge'-like discovery |url=https://phys.org/news/2023-06-dutch-unveil-year-old-stonehenge-like-discovery.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=phys.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Muzdakis |first=Madeleine |date=2023-06-30 |title=Archeologists Excavate 4,000-Year-Old "Dutch Stonehenge" in the Netherlands |url=https://mymodernmet.com/dutch-stonehenge/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=My Modern Met |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-23 |title=Dutch unveil 4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge'-like discovery |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/dutch-unveil-4-000-year-old-stonehenge-like-discovery-184160 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Hürriyet Daily News |language=en}}</ref>

One of the most interesting finds was a glass bead which is the oldest ever discovered in the [[Netherlands]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrei |first=Mihai |date=2023-07-14 |title=The Dutch Stonehenge: ancient site in the Netherlands reveals its secrets |url=https://www.zmescience.com/science/archaeology/the-dutch-stonehenge-ancient-site-in-the-netherlands-reveals-its-secrets/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=ZME Science |language=en-US}}</ref> The archeologists think it originated in [[Mesopotamia]], modern day [[Iraq]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Magazine |first1=Smithsonian |last2=Parker |first2=Christopher |title=Archaeologists Discover 4,000-Year-Old 'Dutch Stonehenge' |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/dutch-stonehenge-solar-calendar-burial-ground-180982430/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref> The group assumes that the Bronze Age inhabitants of this area had contact with groups more than 3,000 miles away.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrei |first=Mihai |date=2023-07-14 |title=The Dutch Stonehenge: ancient site in the Netherlands reveals its secrets |url=https://www.zmescience.com/science/archaeology/the-dutch-stonehenge-ancient-site-in-the-netherlands-reveals-its-secrets/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=ZME Science |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=2023-06-21 |title=4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge' discovered in the Netherlands |url=https://nypost.com/2023/06/21/4000-year-old-stonehenge-discovered-in-the-netherlands/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=New York Post |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dutch unveil 4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge'-like discovery |url=https://phys.org/news/2023-06-dutch-unveil-year-old-stonehenge-like-discovery.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=phys.org |language=en}}</ref>

The archaeologists also discovered offerings like  animal [[skeleton]]s, human [[skull]]s and [[bronze]] spearheads.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Altuntas |first1=Leman |last2=admin |date=2023-06-21 |title=Archaeologists find 4,000-year-old Sanctuary in Netherlands |url=https://czv.897.myftpupload.com/archaeologists-find-4000-year-old-sanctuary-in-netherlands/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Arkeonews |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Boucher |first=Brian |date=2023-06-22 |title=The 'Stonehenge of the Netherlands,' a 4,000-Year-Old Burial Site the Size of Four Football Fields, Has Just Been Uncovered by Dutch Archaeologists |url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/stonehenge-of-the-netherlands-2326240 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Artnet News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-22 |title=4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge of the Netherlands' unearthed by Dutch archaeologists |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/archaeology/stonehenge-netherlands-dutch-religious-site-b2362026.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

==Notable people==
[[File:General D H Chassé.jpg|140px|thumb|General D H Chassé, 1832]]

=== Public service ===
* [[Joan van der Capellen tot den Pol]] (1741–1784) statesman, active in the [[Batavian Republic]]
* [[David Hendrik Chassé]] (1765–1849) soldier who fought both for and against Napoleon
* [[Theodoor Gerard van Lidth de Jeude]] (1788–1863) physician, veterinarian and zoologist
* [[Antonie Frederik Jan Floris Jacob van Omphal]] (1788–1863) [[lieutenant-general]] and extraordinary aide-de-camp to [[William III of the Netherlands]]
* [[Cornelis Pijnacker Hordijk]] (1847–1908) jurist and politician, [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] 1888/1893
* [[William Hendriksen]] (1900–1982) New Testament scholar and writer of Bible commentaries
* [[Marinus van IJzendoorn]] (born 1952) human development professor, co-leader of [[Generation R]]
[[File:Mary Dresselhuys.jpg|140px|thumb|Mary Dresselhuys, 1982]]

=== The arts ===
* [[Annie Foore]] (1847–1890) writer who lived in [[Dutch East Indies]]
* [[Mary Dresselhuys]] (1907–2004) stage actress
* [[:nl:Eylem Aladogan|Eylem Aladogan]] (born 1975) installation artist and sculptor
* [[Frans Duijts]] (born 1979) singer
* [[Abdellah Dami]] (born 1982) journalist, presenter and writer
* [[:nl:Corrie van Binsbergen|Corrie van Binsbergen]] (born 1957) jazzmusician and composer

=== Sport ===
[[File:Wilma van Velsen 1984.jpg|140px|thumb|Wilma van Velsen, 1984]]
* [[Herman Claudius van Riemsdijk]] (born 1948) chess player
* [[Jan van Deinsen]] (born 1953) football player
* [[Nico Rienks]] (born 1962) rower, two-time gold medallist at the [[1988 Summer Olympics|1988]] and [[1996 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Anton Janssen]] (born 1963) football player
* [[Wilma van Velsen]] (born 1964) swimmer and team bronze and silver medallist in the [[1980 Summer Olympics|1980]] and [[1984 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Dirk Jan Derksen]] (born 1972) football player
* [[Bobbie Traksel]] (born 1981) racing cyclist
* [[Erik Pieters]] (born 1988) football player
* [[Barry Maguire (footballer, born 1989)|Barry Maguire]] (born 1989) football player
* [[Mattijs Branderhorst]] (born 1993) football player

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Flipje Tiel.JPG|Statue of Flipje in Tiel
File:Tiel, de Grote of Sint-Maartenskerk RM35568 IMG 3495 2018-05-20 11.48.jpg|Tiel, church: Sint Maartenskerk
File:Tiel, de Waterpoort vanaf de Havendijk IMG 3481 2018-05-20 11.34.jpg|Town gate: Waterpoort
File:Appelpop.jpg|Tiel, [[Appelpop]] on the Waalkade, Tiel
File:Joods Monument.JPG|Jewish Monument, Tiel
</gallery>

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*{{Wikivoyage-inline|Tiel}}
*{{official website|http://www.tiel.nl}}

{{Geographic location
 | Centre    = Tiel
 | North     = [[Buren]]
 | East      = [[Neder-Betuwe]]
 | South     = ''[[Waal (river)|Waal]]'' / [[West Maas en Waal]]
 | West      = [[West Betuwe]]
}}
{{Hanseatic League}}
{{Dutch municipality Tiel}}
{{Gelderland Province}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Tiel| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Gelderland]]
[[Category:Populated places in Gelderland]]
[[Category:Cities in the Netherlands]]