Editing Thane

{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About||the district|Thane district|the taluka|Thane taluka|the medieval title|thegn|other uses|}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{multiple issues|
{{original research|date=November 2021}}
{{copy edit|date=August 2024}}
}}
{{Infobox settlement <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details -->
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
| border                   = infobox
| total_width              = 270
| image_style              = 
| perrow                   = 1/2/1/1
| image4 = Eastern Express Highway by night in Thane.jpg
| image2 = 
| image3 = Upvan in Morning Vertical.jpg
| image1 = Hiranandaniestate.jpg
| image5 = Talao Pali, Thane.jpg
}}
| image_caption      = '''From top, left to right''': [[Hiranandani Estate]]; [[Upvan Lake]], Eastern express highway; Talao Pali
| image_shield       = 
| nickname           = City of Lakes
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map        = Mumbai#India Maharashtra#India
| pushpin_map_alt    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India
| coordinates        = {{coord|19|11|50|N|72|58|20|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[District]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flagicon image|Flag of Maharashtra.svg}} [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Thane district|Thane]]
| established_title  = <!-- Established -->
| established_date   = 9th century A.D
| founder            = 
| named_for          = 
| government_type    = [[Municipal Corporation]]
| governing_body     = *[[Thane Municipal Corporation]]
| leader_title       = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name        = Vacant
| leader_title1      = [[Deputy Mayor]]
| leader_name1       = Vacant
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 147
| area_rank          = [[List of most populous cities in India|15th]]
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 7
| population_total   = 2,537,000
| population_as_of   = 2023
| population_density_km2 = 17,258
| population_rank    = 15
| population_demonym = Thanekar
| population_note    = 
| demographics_type1 = Language
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1          = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code        = 400601—15
| area_code          = 022
| area_code_type     = Telephone code
| registration_plate = MH-04 (Thane City) <br/> 
MH-05 (Kalyan) <br/> MH-43 (Navi Mumbai)
| blank_name_sec2    = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]] {{nobold|(2017–18)}}
| blank_info_sec2    = 91.36%
| blank1_name_sec1   = [[Lok Sabha]] constituencies
| blank1_info_sec1   = [[Thane (Lok Sabha constituency)|Thane]] <br /> [[Kalyan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kalyan]]<br/> [[Bhiwandi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bhiwandi]]
| website            = {{URL|thanecity.gov.in}}
| footnotes          = 
| leader_title2      = [[Municipal Commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
| leader_name2       = Saurabh Rao, [[Indian Administrative Services|IAS]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| utc_offset         = +5:30
| blank2_name_sec1   = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituencies
| blank2_info_sec1   = [[Thane (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Thane]] <br /> [[Kopri-Pachpakhadi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kopri-Pachpakhadi]] <br /> [[Ovala-Majiwada Assembly constituency|Ovala-Majiwada]] <br /> [[Mumbra-Kalwa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mumbra-Kalwa]]
| official_name      = Thane
| image_map          = 
| shield_size        = 
| area_metro_km2     = 
| settlement_type    = [[Metropolis]]
}}
'''Thane''' ({{IPA|mr|ˈʈʰaːɳeː|lang}}; previously known as '''Thana''', [[List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra|the official name until 1996]]) is a metropolitan city located on the northwestern side of the [[list of Indian states|state]] of [[Maharashtra]] in India and on the northeastern side of [[Mumbai]]. It is an immediate neighbour of Mumbai city proper, and a part of the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region]]. It is situated in the north-eastern portion of the [[Salsette Island]].

Thane city is situated entirely within [[Thane taluka]], one of the seven talukas of Thane district. It serves as the headquarters of the district. Thane city ranks as the 15th most populous city in India, with a population of 1,890,000 according to the 2011 census.<ref>{{Cite web|title=District Profile {{!}} Thane District, Govt. of Maharashtra {{!}} India|url=https://thane.nic.in/district-profile-new/|access-date=2021-01-22|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Etymology and other names ==
The ancient name of Thana was {{IAST|Śrīsthāna}}. It appears as {{transliteration|hi|Thāna}} in early medieval Arab sources.<ref>{{citation |last=Verdon |first=Noémie |title=Negotiating Cultural Identity: Landscapes in Early Medieval South Asian History |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CgXgCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA37 |page=38 |year=2015 |editor=Himanshu Prabha Ray |chapter=Conceptualisation of ''al-Hind'' by Arabic and Persian writers |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-34130-7}}</ref>

The name Thane has been variously Romanised as '''Tana''',<ref>{{citation |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OaqWAEry-wkC&pg=PA68 |contribution=Bd Thomas of Tolentino |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=OaqWAEry-wkC&pg=PA68 68] |title=Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OaqWAEry-wkC |editor2=Peter Doyle |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=Alban |date=c. 1756|publisher=A&C Black |isbn=9780860122531 }}.</ref> '''Thana''',<ref>{{citation |last=Habig |first=Marion Alphonse |title=The Franciscan Book of Saints |date=1979 |publisher=Franciscan Herald Press}}, cited in {{citation |contribution-url=http://www.roman-catholic-saints.com/thomas-of-tolentino-and-companions.html |contribution=Thomas of Tolentino and Companions |title=Roman Catholic Saints |access-date=9 November 2016}}.</ref> '''Thâṇâ''',<ref>{{citation |last=Cunha |first=J. Gerson da |title=Notes on the History and Antiquities of Chaul and Bassein |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xOPlusO8qcAC |location=Bombay |date=1876 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=xOPlusO8qcAC&pg=PA174 174]|isbn=9788120608450 }}.</ref> and '''Thame'''.<ref>{{citation |contribution-url=http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=2310 |contribution=Bl. Thomas of Tolentino |title=Catholic Online}}.</ref> [[Ibn Battuta]] and [[Abulfeda]] knew it as '''Kukin{{nbsp}}Tana'''; [[Duarte Barbosa]] as '''Tana{{nbsp}}Mayambu'''.<ref>{{harvp|Cunha|1876|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=xOPlusO8qcAC&pg=PA16 16]}}.</ref> Before [[Renaming of cities in India|1996]], the city was called "Thana", the British spelling of the city, until it was replaced with the more-local name.

== History ==
A copper plate dating to AD 1078 was discovered near the foundations of Thane Fort in 1787. A land grant from Arikesara Devaraja, lord of [[Ter, Maharashtra|Tagara]], wherein he addresses the inhabitants of a city called "Sri Sthanaka".<ref>{{citation |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=n2mGL4CLCNsC&pg=PA112 112] |title=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland}}.</ref> For a long time, it was a military training and recruitment center of the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]].

[[The East India Company]] occupied [[Salsette Island]], Thana Fort, [[Madh Fort|Fort Versova]] and the island fort of Karanja at the start of [[First Anglo-Maratha War]], but after a short time it was recaptured by the forces of [[Hari Pant|Haripant Phadke]] and [[Tukoji Rao Holkar|Tukoji Holkar]]. After the conclusion of the [[Treaty of Salbai]], both Thana Fort and the island of Salsette were taken over by the British.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sardesai |first1=Govind |title=New History of the Marathas Volume III |date=1915 |publisher=Phoenix Publications |page=119}}</ref>

== Geography ==
[[File:Thana district Places of Interest 1896 map.jpg|thumb|Thane district: places of Interest (1896 map)]]

=== Climate ===
Thane has a [[tropical monsoon climate]] that borders on a [[tropical wet and dry climate]]. The overall climate is equable with high rainfall days and minimal days of extreme temperatures.

Temperature in Thane varies from 22°C to 36°C. The region experiences winter temperatures that can drop to as low as 12°C at night, while summer temperatures can ascend to over 40°C at noon. The lowest daytime temperatures are typically observed during the peak of the summer monsoon in July and August, when temperatures can plummet to approximately 25°C. Around 80% of the total annual rainfall is concentrated in the period from June to October. The average annual rainfall is recorded at 2000–2500mm, and the humidity level ranges from 61% to 86%, rendering the area a humid zone.

{{Weather box
| location = Thane (1991-2020)
| single line = yes
| metric first = yes
|Jan record high C = 36.8
|Feb record high C = 40.7
|Mar record high C = 42.4
|Apr record high C = 43.2
|May record high C = 39.3
|Jun record high C = 38.2
|Jul record high C = 34.7
|Aug record high C = 33.3
|Sep record high C = 33.8
|Oct record high C = 37.8
|Nov record high C = 37.0
|Dec record high C = 36.2
|Jan record low C = 12.7
|Feb record low C = 11.6
|Mar record low C = 18.2
|Apr record low C = 20.0
|May record low C = 22.8
|Jun record low C = 20.2
|Jul record low C = 21.3
|Aug record low C = 21.8
|Sep record low C = 19.8
|Oct record low C = 19.6
|Nov record low C = 17.0
|Dec record low C = 15.0
| Jan high C = 32.5
| Feb high C = 33.9
| Mar high C = 35.1
| Apr high C = 36.1
| May high C = 35.0
| Jun high C = 33.5
| Jul high C = 31.2
| Aug high C = 30.4
| Sep high C = 31.1
| Oct high C = 34.0
| Nov high C = 34.1
| Dec high C = 33.4
| year high C = 33.5
| Jan low C = 20.0
| Feb low C = 20.6
| Mar low C = 22.1
| Apr low C = 24.3
| May low C = 25.3
| Jun low C = 23.6
| Jul low C = 25.0
| Aug low C = 25.0
| Sep low C = 24.4
| Oct low C = 24.2
| Nov low C = 22.6
| Dec low C = 21.1
| year low C = 23.0
| precipitation colour = green 
| Jan precipitation mm= 3.1
| Feb precipitation mm= 1.0
| Mar precipitation mm= 1.5
| Apr precipitation mm= 2.3
| May precipitation mm= 25.1
| Jun precipitation mm= 541.3
| Jul precipitation mm= 922.0
| Aug precipitation mm= 539.7
| Sep precipitation mm= 326.9
| Oct precipitation mm= 93.2
| Nov precipitation mm= 19.1
| Dec precipitation mm= 2.3
| year precipitation mm= 2477.5
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf
| title = Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020
| publisher = [[India Meteorological Department]]
| access-date = April 8, 2024
}}</ref>
| source 2 = [http://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Thane/Climate-%20table.html Government of Maharashtra] (precipitation)
| date= June 2012
}}Thane has been ranked 12th best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results' <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024 |url=https://prana.cpcb.gov.in/ncapServices/robust/fetchFilesFromDrive/Swachh_Vayu_Survekshan_2024_Result.pdf |website=Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024}}</ref>

=== Lakes ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! No. !! Name !! Image !! Details !! Coordinates !! Area<br>(in hectares)
|-
| 1
| Ambe Ghosale Lake
|
| At Meenatai Thakare Chowk, Castle Mill Naka (Opposite Desai Bunglow) in Uthalsar Ward committee
| {{coord|19.2050793|72.9752154}}
| 2.77
|-
| 2
| Brahamala Lake
|
| Near Babubhai Petrol Pump in Uthalsar Ward Committee
| {{coord|19.2027567|72.9709916}}
| 0.5173
|-
|3
|Burbank Lake
|
|Inside Hiranandani Estate, between Park Avenue and Wood Street. To the west of it is Lake Enclave.
| {{coord|19.2599707|72.9811942}}
|0.5857
|-
| 4
| Datiwali Lake
|
| East side of Diva station situated in the marshland of Ulhas river in Mumbra Ward Committee Area
| {{coord|19.1839962|73.0519473}}
| 0.77
|-
| 5
| Dawala Lake
|
| At Ovala in Majiwada-Manpada Prabhag Samiti
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 1.136
|-
| 6
| Desai Lake
|
| On westside of [[Ulhas River|Ulhas river]], in Desai village in Mumbra Ward Committee
| {{coord|19.1641232|73.0694575}}
| 1.75
|-
| 7
| Devasar Lake
|
| At the end of Bhayanderpada at foothills of [[Sanjay Gandhi National Park]] in Majiwada-Manpada Ward Committee
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 0.516
|-
| 8
| Diaghar Lake
|
| At the outskirts of Diaghar village in Mumbra Ward Committee
| {{coord|19.1379237|73.051289}}
| 0.363 
|-
| 9
| Diva Lake
|
| Situated just outside Diva station in Mumbra Ward Committee
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 0.405
|-
| 10
| Gokul Nagar Lake
|
| It is a small lake situated in the heart of the city in the midst of Gokulnagar slums in Uthalsar Ward Committee
| {{coord|19.2089166|72.9761032}}
| 0.325
|-
| 11
| Hariyali Lake
|
| Near [[Thane railway station|Thane Railway Station]] in Kopari Ward Committee
| {{coord|19.1857429|72.9733627}}
| 0.7939
|-
| 12
| Jail Lake
|
| Opp. Post Office beside Jail Water Tank in Uthalsar Ward committee
| {{coord|19.1997839|72.9762712}}
| 1.43
|-
| 13
| Jogila Lake
|
| Near Uthalsar Ward office
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| approx 0.1
|-
| 14
| Kacharali Lake
|
| Opp. TMC Head Office in Naupada Ward Committee
| {{coord|19.196585|72.96397553}} 
| 2
|-
| 15
| Kalwa Lake
|
| Kalwa Ward office. Located close to railway station
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 2
|-
| 16
| Kasar-Wadavali Lake
|
| Majivada, Manpada Ward office
| {{coord|19.2715869|72.9697747}}
| 4.5173
|-
| 17
| Kausa Lake
|
| Mumbra Ward office, Kausa
| {{coord|19.1655582|73.0266244}} 
| 1.5173
|-
| 18
| Kavesar Lake
|
| Situated at Waghbill road
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 2.1746
|-
| 19
| Khardi Lake
|
| The lake is situated in premises of khardipada, Shil
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| approx. 1.15
|-
| 20
| Kharegaon Lake
|
| Kalwa Ward office
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 0.7377
|-
| 21
| Khidkali Lake
|
| Mumbra Ward office Khidkali Lake is situated on the eastern side of the Thane creek near the Shil phata
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 1.7
|-
| 22
| Kolbad Lake
|
| Uthalsar Ward office
| {{coord|19.2050383|72.9705398}}
| 1
|-
| 23
| Kolshet Lake
|
| Manpada Ward office
| {{coord|19.2382826|72.9877929}}
| 1
|-
| 24
| Makhamali Talav
|
| Uthalsar Ward office
| {{coord|19.1985078|72.9670846}}
| 1
|-
| 25
| [[Masunda Lake]] (Talao Pali)
| [[File:Masunda Lake in Thane.jpg|100px]]
| Masunda Lake (also known as Talao Pali) is located on West of Thane, in the heart of Thane city. The lake is surrounded by important historic places like Gadkari Rangayatan, St. John church, Kopineshwar temple and Jambli market. There is a Mahadev Dhyan Mandir at the centre of the lake and also a statue of Shivaji Maharaj near the lake.
| {{coord|19.193|72.974}} 
| 7.2
|-
| 26
| Naar Lake
|
| Naar Lake is situated on outskirts of Thane along the Ghodbunder road
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 0.7550
|-
| 27
| Phadakepada Lake
|
| Mumbra Ward office
| {{coord|19.1577508|73.0362564}}
| 1.71
|-
| 28
| [[Railadevi Lake]]
|
| Railadevi Ward office
| {{coord|19.1893|72.9571}}
| 8
|-
| 29
| Rewale Lake
|
| Majivada-manpada Ward office
| {{coord|19.2188281|72.9788438}}
| 0.5173
|-
| 30
| Shill Lake
|
| Mumbra Ward office
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 6
|-
| 31
| Shivaji Nagar, Balkumb Lake
|
| The lake is situated along old agra road next to water supply line in Balkum area
| <!--- {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}} --->
| 0.2247
|-
| 32
| Siddheshwar Lake
|
| Uthalsar Ward office
| {{coord|19.2013031|72.9641928}} 
| 3
|-
| 33
| [[Upvan Lake]]
| [[File:Upvan in Morning.jpg|100px]]
| Lake is located at the foothills of [[Yeoor]]. A statue of Lord Shiva is situated in the middle of the lake. A Ganesh temple is situated near lake. 
| {{coord|19.2213999|72.9549703}}
| 6
|-
| colspan="6" | '''Reference:'''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://thanecity.gov.in/page.php?id=22 |title=Thane Municipal Corporation &#124; Lakes in Thane City |access-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170119053647/http://thanecity.gov.in/page.php?id=22 |archive-date=19 January 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|}

== Demographics ==
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Thane (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=Table C-16 Population By Religion: Maharashtra|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11382/download/14495/DDW27C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=census.gov.in|date=2011|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Maharashtra|Hinduism]]|darkorange|73.91}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Maharashtra|Islam]]|green|17.96}}
{{bar percent|[[Marathi Buddhists|Buddhism]]|blue|4.18}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Maharashtra|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|1.88}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism in Maharashtra|Jainism]]|pink|1.40}}
{{bar percent|Others|black|0.67}}
}}

{{Historical population
| source = [[Government of India]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Census Tables |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/census-tables |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=6 January 2024}}</ref>
|1901 | 16011
|1911 | 15591
|1921 | 22639
|1931 | 21816
|1941 | 29751
|1951 | 74310
|1961 | 109215
|1971 | 207352
|1981 | 431667
|1991 | 803389
|2001 | 1262551
|2011 | 1841488
|align = left
}}

The population of Thane according to the 2011 census is 1,886,941.<ref>[http://censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/Sub_Districts_Master.aspx?state_code=27&district_code=21 Census of India: Sub-District Details] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721155725/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/Sub_Districts_Master.aspx?state_code=27&district_code=21 |date=21 July 2011 }}. Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 16 July 2013.</ref> The average literacy rate of Thane city is 91.36 percent for where male and female literacy was 94.19 and 88.14 percent respectively. The [[sex ratio]] of Thane city is 882 females per 1000 males. Child sex ratio is 900 girls per 1000 boys. Total children (0–6) in Thane city are 186,259 as per Census India report on 2011. There were 98,017 boys while 88,242 are girls. Children form 10.24% of total population of Thane City.

The primary language spoken in Thane is Marathi, with widespread understanding and usage of Hindi. Some of the [[Bombay East Indians|East Indian]] families in the Khatri ward of Thane still speak [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]].<ref>[http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/pdf/gazeetter_reprint/Thane-I/population_christians.html#4 Thane Gazetteer: Population: Christians – Speech] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110033730/http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/pdf/gazeetter_reprint/Thane-I/population_christians.html#4 |date=10 November 2010 }}. Maharashtra.gov.in. Retrieved 21 January 2012.</ref> About 1,800 of India's approximately 5,000 [[Jews]] live in Thane.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/At-1800-Thane-has-most-number-of-Jews-in-India/articleshow/24411496.cms |title=Jew in Thane |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=20 October 2013 |access-date=25 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223231846/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/At-1800-Thane-has-most-number-of-Jews-in-India/articleshow/24411496.cms |archive-date=23 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages in Thane (2011)<ref name="Language"/>
|label1 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]] |value1 = 48.50 |color1 = red
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 19.59 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 12.99 |color3 = green
|label4 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] |value4 = 3.93 |color4 = skyblue
|label5 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value5 = 2.44 |color5 = gold
|label6 = [[Kannada]] |value6 = 1.37 |color6 = darkslateblue
|label7 = [[Malayalam]] |value7 = 1.29 |color7 = cornflowerblue
|label8 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value8 = 1.21 |color8 = orchid
|label9 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] |value9 = 1.15 |color9 = royalblue
|label10 = [[Marwari language|Marwari]] |value10 = 1.14 |color10 = maroon
|label11 = [[Konkani language|Konkani]] |value11 = 0.94 |color11 = salmon
|label12 = Others |value12 = 5.45 |color12 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 48.50% of the population spoke [[Marathi language|Marathi]], 19.59% [[Hindi]], 12.99% [[Urdu]], 3.93% [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], 2.44% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], 1.37% [[Kannada]], 1.29% [[Malayalam]], 1.21% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 1.15% [[Tamil language|Tamil]], 1.14% [[Marwari language|Marwari]] and 0.94% [[Konkani language|Konkani]] as their first language.<ref name="Language">{{cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-16 Population By Mother Tongue: Maharashtra (Town level) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10253/download/13365/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-2700.XLSX |website=census.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

== Sports ==
Cricket is the most popular sport in Thane. [[Dadoji Kondadev Stadium]], a sports arena of cricket is present in the city. Thane comes under jurisdiction of [[Mumbai Cricket Association]], the governing body for cricket in Mumbai. Its players play for the [[Mumbai cricket team]] in Indian domestic cricket.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 February 2023 |title=महिला आयपीएल लिलावा ठाण्यात. |trans-title=Women's Premier League auction in Thane. |pages=10 |work=[[Lokmat]] |url=http://epaper.lokmat.com/articlepage.php?articleid=LOK_JLLK_20230202_12_11 |access-date=2 February 2022}}</ref>

== Transport ==

=== Railways ===
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| header            = Thane railway viaducts
| image1            = Tanna Village and Smaller Viaduct (12671597053).jpg
| image2            = Tanna Railway Viaduct (9142699593).jpg
| footer            = The smaller railway viaduct (top) and the longer railway viaduct (bottom) near Tanna (present day Thane) in 1855.
}}

[[Thane railway station|Thana]] was the terminus for the first ever [[passenger train]] in [[Asia]]. On 16 April 1853, the [[passenger train]] service was inaugurated between [[Bori Bunder railway station|Bori Bunder]] (Bombay) and Thane.<ref>Colonialism: An International, Social, Cultural and Political encyclopedia By Melvin Eugene Page, Penny M. Sonnenburg,  [https://books.google.com/books?id=qFTHBoRvQbsC&q=colonialism:+An+International,+Social,+Cultural+and+Political page 135] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707074701/http://books.google.com/books?id=qFTHBoRvQbsC&printsec=frontcover&dq=colonialism:+An+International,+Social,+Cultural+and+Political |date=7 July 2014 }}</ref> Covering a distance of 34&nbsp;km (21&nbsp;mi), it was hauled by three locomotives: ''Sahib'', ''Sindh'' and ''Sultan''. The Thane viaducts, the first railway bridges, were built over the Thane creek when the Mumbai-Thane line was extended to Kalyan in May 1854.

Thane is connected with neighbouring suburbs through [[Central Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Central]] and [[Trans-Harbour Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Trans-Harbour Line]] [[Mumbai Suburban Railway|Suburban]] railway network. Thane is a railway junction for the Thane-[[Vashi]] & [[Panvel]] Harbour Line and Central Line. It is one of the busiest stations in [[India]] and handles 654,000 passengers daily.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Thane-is-busiest-railway-station-in-Mumbai/articleshow/20129363.cms Thane is busiest railway station in Mumbai – Times Of India] . Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com (19 May 2013). Retrieved 16 July 2013.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/cover-story/3-city-stations-among-dirtiest-in-the-country/articleshow/64278913.cms|title=Kalyan, Kurla and Thane among the 10 dirtiest stations in the country|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230234913/https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/cover-story/3-city-stations-among-dirtiest-in-the-country/articleshow/64278913.cms|archive-date=30 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

Thane railway station will soon be revamped, Work to start soon on Rs 800-crore project.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/work-to-start-soon-on-rs-800-crore-revamp-of-thane-railway-station-maharashtra-minister/articleshow/100655884.cms?from=mdr|title=Work to start soon on Rs 800-crore revamp of Thane railway station: Maharashtra minister | date=31 May 2023| website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com}}</ref>

===Metro===
As of January 2021, the MMRDA, the nodal agency for building 300&nbsp;km of vast Metro network, has proposed a plan to build an elevated depot for three Metro lines : [[Line 4 (Mumbai Metro)|4 (Wadala-Thane-Kasarvadavali), 4A (Kasarvadavali-Gaimukh)]], [[Line 10 (Mumbai Metro)|10 (Gaimukh-Shivaji Nagar)]] and [[Line 11 (Mumbai Metro)|11 (Wadala-General Post Office, CSMT)]] at one stop. This depot is proposed at Mogharpada, Thane. The total project cost is estimated to be ₹ 596.60 crore.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elevated Metro depot in Thane for 3 lines to cost Rs 596.60 crore|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/elevated-metro-depot-in-thane-for-3-lines-to-cost-rs-59660-crore|access-date=2021-04-05|website=Free Press Journal|language=en}}</ref>

As of 2019, [[Wadala]] and Thane are being connected through a [[Line 4 (Mumbai Metro)|Metro line]].<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Mumbai/Soon-take-a-metro-from-south-Mumbai-to-Thane/Article1-1048837.aspx Soon, take a metro from south Mumbai to Thane] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130430164802/http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Mumbai/Soon-take-a-metro-from-south-Mumbai-to-Thane/Article1-1048837.aspx |date=30 April 2013 }}. Hindustan Times (23 April 2013). Retrieved 16 July 2013.</ref>

On 26 August 2015, the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority|MMRDA]] sanctioned ₹354&nbsp;billion for 118&nbsp;km [[Mumbai Metro|Mumbai metro]] network. This includes a 40-km [[Wadala]]-[[Ghatkopar]]-Thane-Kasarvadavali [[Line 4 (Mumbai Metro)|Metro-4]] corridor via Wadala GPO and R.A.Kidwai Marg costing ₹120&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/mmrda-sanctions-rs-35-400-cr-for-118-km-mumbai-metro-network-115082601240_1.html |title=MMRDA sanctions Rs 35,400 cr for 118&nbsp;km Mumbai metro network |first=B. S. |last=Reporter |date=26 August 2015 |access-date=27 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150828002553/http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/mmrda-sanctions-rs-35-400-cr-for-118-km-mumbai-metro-network-115082601240_1.html |archive-date=28 August 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On 16 August, 2024, the [[Government of India|Union Government]] gave its approval for [[Thane Metro]], a 29 km ring metro project.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maha Metro |url=https://www.mahametro.org/thane_metro.html |access-date=2025-03-03 |website=www.mahametro.org}}</ref> It will have 22 stations, and is expected to open in 2029. It will be executed by [[Maha Metro]].

=== Thane Municipal Transport (TMT) ===
{{main|Thane Municipal Transport (TMT)}}Thane Municipal Corporation started its transport service on 9 February 1989, known as Thane Municipal Transport (TMT). TMT provides services in Thane city and suburbs like Mulund, Borivali, Mira Road, Nala Sopara, Vasai,  Bhiwandi and Navi Mumbai, among others.<ref name="thanemahapalika.com">[http://www.thanemahapalika.com/english/transport.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081113151922/http://www.thanemahapalika.com/english/transport.html|date=13 November 2008}}</ref> 
{| class="wikitable"
! Number of —
! Details
|-
| Buses || 299
|-
| Routes || 45
|-
| Depots ||
# Anand Nagar ([[State Highway 42 (Maharashtra)|Ghodbunder Road]])
# [[Kalwa, Thane|Kalwa]] Depot
# [[Kolshet]] Depot (proposed)
# Mulla Bagh Depot
# [[Wagle Estate]] Depot
|-
| Bus stands || 8
|-
| Bus stops || 874<ref name="thanemahapalika.com"/>
|-
| km travelled per day || 63,135
|-
| Daily bus trips || 7,114
|-
| Daily passengers || 280,017
|-
| Daily income || [[Indian rupee|₹]]1,388,547/-
|-
| km travelled per day per bus || 211
|-
| Employees || 2,558<ref name="thanemahapalika.com"/>
|}

==== Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport (NMMT) ====
{{Main|Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport}}
[[Image:Nmmtabc.jpg|thumb|NMMT Buses]]

Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport (NMMT) operates AC and Non-AC buses from Thane Cidco Bus Stand to various parts of Navi Mumbai (Airoli, Rabale, Ghansoli, Mahape, Kopar Khairane, Vashi, Turbhe, Nerul, Belapur, Kharghar, Kalamboli, Panvel) and also to Purna (via Kalher) and Bhiwandi (via Mankoli).

==== Mira Bhayandar Municipal Transport (MBMT)  ====
{{Main|Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Transport}}
[[Image:Buses of Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Transport.jpg|thumb|MBMT Buses]]

'''Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Transport''' (MBMT) started from 2006. The buses ply from [[Dahisar]] Check naka towards [[Versova, Mumbai|Versova]] [Thane] Check naka. So till now majority of MBMT buses can be taken up at the Check naka only. MBMT has started new services to Thane City from January 2010.

{| class="wikitable" style="border:1px solid black;"
!  style="background:gold; width:110px;"| Route
!  style="background:gold; width:65px;"| Route No
!  style="background:gold; width:250px;"| Starting
!  style="background:gold; width:200px;"| Destination (Thane)
! style="background:gold;"| Route Description
|-
| valign="top" | '''''Ordinary'''''
|  style="text-align:center;"| '''7'''
| valign="top" | '''Bhayander Railway Station (West)'''
| valign="top" | '''Ghodbunder Village'''
| valign="top" | '''Kashimira'''<ref>[http://mira-road.com/1_14_Mbmt.html Know your Town Better] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309083921/http://www.mira-road.com/1_14_Mbmt.html |date=9 March 2010 }}. Mira-Road.com.</ref>
|-
| valign="top" | '''''Limited'''''
|   style="text-align:center; background:#fff; color:#f00;"| '''10 LTD'''
| valign="top" | '''Bhayander Railway Station (West)'''
| valign="top" | '''Thane Railway Station (East)'''
| valign="top" | '''Ghodbunder Road'''
|-
| valign="top" | '''''Ordinary'''''
|  style="text-align:center;"| '''29 '''
| valign="top" | '''Mira Road Railway Station'''
| valign="top" | '''Marathon Chowk (Teen Haath Naka)'''
| valign="top" | '''Ghodbunder Road'''
|}

==== Vasai-Virar Municipal Transport (VVMT) ====

Vasai Virar Municipal Transport (VVMT) operates two routes in Thane. First from Vasai to Mulund Via Thane/Ghodbunder road and second from Nala Sopara to Thane Kopri.

===Future of transport in Thane===
A light rail network covering 42&nbsp;km has been proposed in three phases. In the first phase, consultants have suggested connectivity between Balkum and Kolshet via Naupada. It will be 16.05&nbsp;km long with 14.65&nbsp;km elevated, and only 1.4&nbsp;km on the surface, and 11 stations in all.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/now-attention-on-thane-light-rail/articleshow/1345898.cms? Times of India report]. timesofindia.indiatimes.com. (26 December 2005).</ref>

== Education ==
=== Schools ===
{{see also|List of schools in Maharashtra#Thane|label 1=List of schools in Thane}}
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a school to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order  ♦♦♦--->
* [[D.A.V. Public School, Thane]]
* [[Lighthouse_Learning| Euroschool, Thane West]]
* [[Hiranandani Foundation School, Thane|Hiranandani Foundation School]]
* [[Holy Cross Convent High School, Thane|Holy Cross Convent High School]]
* [[Little Flower High School, Thane]]
* [[New Horizon Scholars School, Thane]]
* [[Podar International School]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://podareducation.org/school/thane|title=Podar International School|website=podareducation.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413063015/https://podareducation.org/school/thane|archive-date=13 April 2019|access-date=13 April 2019}}</ref>
* [[Smt. Sulochanadevi Singhania School]]
* [[Sri Ma Vidyalaya]], [[Patlipada]], Thane
* [[St. John the Baptist High School, Thane]]
* [[Vasant Vihar High School]]
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a school to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order  ♦♦♦--->

=== Colleges and Institutes ===
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a college to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
* [[A. P. Shah Institute of Technology]]
* [[Dr. V. N. Bedekar Institute of Management Studies|Dr. V. N. Bedekar Institute of Management Studies And Law]]
* [[Institute of Management and Computer Studies]]
* [[KC College of Engineering, Thane|KC College of Engineering]]
* [[Rajiv Gandhi Medical College]]
* [[Rustomjee Academy for Global Careers]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ragc.in/|title=Best Vocational Education & Training Courses Institute in India {{!}} RAGC|website=Rustomjee Academy For Global Careers|language=en-US|access-date=13 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412105832/http://www.ragc.in/|archive-date=12 April 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Vidya Prasarak Mandal's Polytechnic]]

== Notable people ==
{{dynamic list|date=October 2017}}
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
*[[Amrita Arora]], film actress
*[[Malaika Arora]], film actress and dancer
*[[Jitendra Awhad]], Indian politician
*[[Anand Dighe]], former politician, popular by honorific "''Dharmaveer''". He was unit chief of [[Shiv Sena (1966–2022)|Shiv Sena]] in [[Thane district]].
*[[Hruta Durgule]], Indian television actress
*[[Poorva Gokhale]], television actress
*[[Avinash Jadhav]],  politician
*[[Suhas Joshi]], film-television actor
*[[Umesh Kamat]], film-television actor
*[[Sanjay Mukund Kelkar]], politician
*[[Prajakta Koli]], youtuber
*[[Kavita Lad]], film-television actress
*[[Pramod Mahajan]], Indian politician
*[[Priya Marathe]], television actress
*[[Sanjeev Naik]], politician
*[[Anand Paranjpe]], politician
*[[Prakash Vishvanath Paranjape]], politician
*[[Ravindra Phatak]], politician
*[[Satish Pradhan]], local politician
*[[Pratap Sarnaik]], politician
*[[Prithvi Shaw]], professional cricketer
*[[Eknath Shinde]], present [[Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra]]
*[[Shrikant Shinde]], Indian politician
*[[Anant Tare]], local politician
*[[Laxmi Narayan Tripathi]], Indian [[LGBT]] activist
*[[Rajan Vichare]], local politician
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->

== See also ==
* [[Battle of Thane 636]]
* [[2013 Thane building collapse]] in [[Shil Phata, India|Shil Phata]]
* [[Transportation in Thane]]
* [[Trans Thane Creek]]
* [[Chandanwadi, Thane|Chandanwadi]]
* [[List of towns and villages in Thane district]]
* [[Thane Creek]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Thane}}
{{Wikivoyage|Thane}}
* [http://www.thaneweb.com/ Thaneweb.com]—The city portal
* [http://mahaforestthane.org.in/ Official Website of Thane Forest Circle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523172809/http://mahaforestthane.org.in/ |date=23 May 2018 }}
* [http://www.thanemahapalika.com/ ThaneMahapailika.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514141025/http://www.thanemahapalika.com/ |date=14 May 2019 }}—Thane Municipal Corporation (Local Body)
* [http://thanecity.gov.in/index.php Official website of Thane City]
* [https://thane.nic.in/ Thane District]

{{Maharashtra}}
{{Million-plus cities in India}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Mumbai metropolitan area}}

[[Category:Thane| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Thane district]]
[[Category:Cities in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Smart cities in India]]