Editing Texhoma, Oklahoma

{{Short description|Town in Oklahoma, US}}
{{For|the area between Texas and southern Oklahoma with a similar name|Texoma}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Texhoma, Oklahoma
| settlement_type    = [[Town]]
| image_map          = Texas County Oklahoma incorporated and unincorporated areas Texhoma highlighted.svg
| mapsize            = 300px
| map_caption        = Location within [[Texas County, Oklahoma|Texas County]], [[Oklahoma]].
| coordinates        = {{coord|36|30|16|N|101|47|11|W|region:US-OK|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Oklahoma]] [[Texas]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Oklahoma|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Texas County, Oklahoma|Texas]]
| established_title  = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date   = 1908
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft       = 3487
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi   = 0.64
| area_land_sq_mi    = 0.64
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00
| area_total_km2     = 1.66
| area_land_km2      = 1.66
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_total   = 596
| population_density_sq_mi = 1335.41
| population_density_km2 = 515.55
| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset         = -6
| timezone_DST       = CDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -5
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 73949
| area_code_type     = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| area_code          = [[Area code 580|580]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 40-73100
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 2413378<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2413378}}</ref>
| website            = [http://www.texhoma.us/ texhoma.us]
}}

'''Texhoma''' is a town in [[Texas County, Oklahoma|Texas County]], [[Oklahoma]], United States.<ref name=gnis/> The population was 596 at the [[United States Census, 2020|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Texhoma%20town,%20Oklahoma | title=Explore Census Data }}</ref> Texhoma is a [[divided city]] with the Texas–Oklahoma state border separating the town from [[Texhoma, Texas]]. The name of the town is a [[portmanteau]] of '''Tex'''as and Okla'''homa'''.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Td4jAAAAIBAJ&sjid=TygEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3270%2C4288911 | title=Take a Good Look at the US Map. Towns Have the Craziest Names | work=The Milwaukee Journal | date=September 8, 1969 | access-date=May 18, 2015 | author=Remington, Frank L. | pages=2}}</ref> Founded around the Rock Island Railroad laying tracks through the area, much of the town's local economy is from ranching and livestock.

==History==
Before [[Neutral Strip|No Man's Land]] was opened for settlers in 1890, the area now known as the [[Oklahoma Panhandle]] was sparsely settled ranchland. After the opening, filing occurred on some of the land near the [[CCC Ranch Headquarters|CCC Ranch]], mostly by the cowboys, and sold to the ranch as soon as proved up. Expansion of the [[Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad|Rock Island Railroad]] tracks from [[Liberal, Kansas]] to [[Santa Rosa, New Mexico]] spurred the settlement's formation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Texhoma {{!}} The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture |url=https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry?entry=TE026 |access-date=2024-07-15 |website=Oklahoma Historical Society {{!}} OHS |language=en-us}}</ref>

A post office named '''Loretta''' was established May 7, 1898, but anticipating the railroad, the post office in 1901 moved and changed its name to Texhoma, said name referring to the community's location on the state line.<ref name="OHS">{{cite web|url= https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=TE026| title= Texhoma| publisher= Larry O’Dell, Oklahoma Historical Society| access-date=February 26, 2020}}</ref> Very few claims were filed on until the railroad was assured. The town grew quickly to a population near 1,000, serving as the closest railroad town to the people who lived as far north and west as present [[Boise City, Oklahoma|Boise City]], and south into the [[Texas Panhandle]] to the present town of [[Gruver, Texas|Gruver]].<ref name=":0" />

After a 1932 survey moved the border south by about 365 feet, most of the businesses in the [[Texhoma, Texas|Texhoma in Texas]] were moved into the Oklahoma.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Texas State Historical |title=Texhoma, TX |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/texhoma-tx |access-date=2024-07-15 |website=Texas State Historical Association |language=en}}</ref>

==Geography==
Texhoma is located at {{Coord|36|30|16|N|101|47|11|W|type:city}} (36.504421, -101.786517).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|0.6|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

==Demographics==

=== 2020 census ===
{{US Census population
|1910= 372
|1920= 687
|1930= 819
|1940= 577
|1950= 1464
|1960= 911
|1970= 921
|1980= 785
|1990= 746
|2000= 935
|2010= 926
|2020= 596
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2020, there were 596 people, 302 households, and 254 families residing in the town. The population density was {{convert|1,495.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 408 housing units at an average density of {{convert|652.3|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 81.60% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.96% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.21% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 14.76% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.46% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 31.76% of the population.

There were 352 households, out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 31.2% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $27,500, and the median income for a family was $36,667. Males had a median income of $23,229 versus $18,250 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $12,938. About 11.7% of families and 15.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 16.9% of those under age 18 and 17.8% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
Texhoma students in both Texas and Oklahoma are served jointly by an unusual bi-state arrangement. Kindergarten through fourth grade students are served by the [[Texhoma Independent School District]] [http://www.texhomaisd.net/ Texhoma Independent School District] in Texas, while fifth through twelfth grade students by [http://www.texhoma61.net Texhoma Public Schools] in Oklahoma. It is the only city in Oklahoma where graduating students can attend either Oklahoma or Texas public universities at the in-state tuition rates for either.<ref>Wallace, Linda (November 17, 1991). "In Texhoma, A Bridge Over Interstate Rivalry". ''Philadelphia Inquirer'': A02.</ref>

==Transportation==
The town is served by [[Oklahoma State Highway 95|State Highway 95]], which runs from a southern terminus at the Texas state line 42.5 miles north to the Kansas state line, as well as by [[U.S. Route 54#Oklahoma|U.S. Highway 54]].

[[Municipal Airport (Oklahoma)|Texhoma Municipal Airport (FAA ID: K49)]];<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.airnav.com/airport/K49|title= Texhoma Municipal Airport|publisher=AirNav.com|access-date=February 2, 2024}}</ref> Guymon Municipal Airport (KGUY; FAA ID: GUY) is approximately 22 miles northeast.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Guymon+Municipal+Airport-GUY,+Northwest+12th+Street,+Guymon,+OK/Texhoma,+OK/@36.5928911,-101.7837698,11z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x8706288dfbf96ecf:0x483d926e5ed92bc3!2m2!1d-101.506943!2d36.684166!1m5!1m1!1s0x870604698e22a7f1:0xdbd6f390a9d0f45!2m2!1d-101.7829416!2d36.5050267 |title=Guymon Municipal Airport to Texhoma, Oklahoma|publisher=Google Maps|access-date=September 11, 2020}}</ref>

Commercial air transportation is available at [[Liberal Mid-America Regional Airport]] in [[Liberal, Kansas]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cityofliberal.org/202/Liberal-Airport |title= Liberal Mid-America Regional Airport|publisher=City of Liberal|access-date=September 7, 2020}}</ref> about 62 miles northeast,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Liberal+Airport,+Terminal+Road,+Liberal,+Kansas+67901/Texhoma,+OK/@36.7731643,-101.642727,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x8708135f5d23a237:0x50b30d4c4a5a96af!2m2!1d-100.9523051!2d37.0445698!1m5!1m1!1s0x870604698e22a7f1:0xdbd6f390a9d0f45!2m2!1d-101.7829416!2d36.5050267 |title=Liberal Airport to Texhoma, Oklahoma|publisher=Google Maps|access-date=September 11, 2020}}</ref> or at the larger [[Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport]],<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.fly-ama.com/ |title=Homepage|publisher= Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport|access-date=September 11, 2020}}</ref> about 110 miles to the south.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Rick+Husband+Amarillo+International+Airport+(AMA),+Airport+Boulevard,+Amarillo,+TX/Texhoma,+OK/@35.9613837,-102.8088046,8z/data=!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x8701362a069a663b:0xcfa7135a56f1d068!2m2!1d-101.7074509!2d35.2203245!1m5!1m1!1s0x870604698e22a7f1:0xdbd6f390a9d0f45!2m2!1d-101.7829416!2d36.5050267 |title= Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport to Texhoma, Oklahoma|publisher=Google Maps|access-date=September 11, 2020}}</ref>

Rail freight service is available from the [[Union Pacific Railroad]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/odot/documents/Rail%20Map%202018-2020.pdf |title=Oklahoma 2018-2020 State Railroad Map|publisher=Oklahoma Department of Transportation|accessdate=March 27, 2024}}</ref>

==Sites of interest==
Texhoma High School is housed in a pair of [[monolithic dome]] structures.<ref>Parker, Freda. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030119113339/http://www.monolithic.com/gallery/schools/texhoma_new/index.html Texhoma's Showplace: Two Monolithic Domes]".</ref>

{{main| National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas County, Oklahoma }}

NRHP-listed locations in the Texhoma area are: 
* [[CCC Ranch Headquarters|CCC (Three C) Ranch Headquarters (Osborn Homestead)]] (west of Texhoma)
* [[Penick House]] (218 N. East St.)
* [[Johnson-Cline Archaeological Site]]

==Notable people==
*[[Patience Latting]], [[List of mayors of Oklahoma City|Oklahoma City mayor]], 1971–1983

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|http://www.texhoma.us/}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110703165132/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/T/TE026.html TEXHOMA]

{{Texas County, Oklahoma}}
{{Oklahoma}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in Texas County, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Towns in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Divided cities]]
[[Category:Twin cities]]
[[Category:Oklahoma Panhandle]]