Editing Texarkana, Texas

{{short description|City in Bowie County, Texas, United States}}
{{about|the city in Texas|the city in Arkansas|Texarkana, Arkansas}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                     = Texarkana, Texas
| settlement_type          = [[City (Texas)|City]]
| nickname                 = The Texas Side, T-Town, TK, Kana, Twin City
| motto                    = Twice as Nice
| image_skyline            = Texarkana Texas City Hall.jpg
| imagesize                = 250px
| image_caption            = Texarkana Texas City Hall
| image_flag               = 
| image_seal               = 
| image_map                = Bowie County Texarkana.svg
| mapsize                  = 250px
| map_caption              = Location of Texarkana, Texas
| pushpin_map              = Texas#USA
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location within Texas##Location within the United States
| pushpin_relief           = yes
| pushpin_label            = Texarkana
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name         = United States
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Bowie County, Texas|Bowie]]
| government_footnotes     = |
| government_type          = [[Council-manager government|Council-Manager]]
| leader_title             = [[City Council]]
| leader_name              =  
| leader_title1            = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name1             = 
| established_date         = December 8, 1873 / June 12, 1874
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_km2           = 76.33
| area_land_km2            = 75.20
| area_water_km2           = 1.13
| area_total_sq_mi         = 29.47
| area_land_sq_mi          = 29.03
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.44
| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_total         = 36193
| population_density_km2   = 474.16
| population_density_sq_mi = 1228.13
| timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset               = &minus;6
| timezone_DST             = CDT
| utc_offset_DST           = &minus;5
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft             = 325
| coordinates              = {{coord|33|28|34|N|94|06|30|W|region:US-TX_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]s
| postal_code              = 755XX.
| area_codes               = [[Area code 903|903]], [[Area code 430|430]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 48-72368<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 2412054<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2412054}}</ref>
| website                  = {{URL|http://ci.texarkana.tx.us/}}
}}
'''Texarkana''' is a city in [[Bowie County, Texas]], United States, in the [[Ark-La-Tex]] region. Located approximately {{convert|180|mi}} from [[Dallas]], Texarkana is a [[twin cities|twin city]] with neighboring [[Texarkana, Arkansas]]. The Texas city's population was 36,193 at the 2020 census.<ref name="Census 2010" />

The city and its Arkansas counterpart form the core of the [[Texarkana metropolitan area|Texarkana metropolitan statistical area]], encompassing all of Bowie County, Texas, and [[Miller County, Arkansas]]. The two cities had a combined population of 65,580 in the 2020 decennial census, and the metropolitan area had a population of 149,482.<ref>{{cite web |title=Census Reporter: Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR Metro Area |url=https://censusreporter.org/profiles/31000US45500-texarkana-tx-ar-metro-area/ |access-date=May 9, 2022}}</ref>

==History==

Railroads were quick to see the possibilities of connecting markets in this vast area. In the late 1850s, the builders of the Cairo and Fulton Railroad were pushing their line steadily south across Arkansas. By 1874, they crossed the [[Red River of the South|Red River]] and reached the Texas state line. Between February 16 and March 19, 1874, trains ran between the Texas border and the Red River, whence passengers and freight were ferried north to [[Fulton, Arkansas]] to continue by rail. The Red River Bridge opened on March 20, 1874. Since then, trains have run directly from Texarkana to [[St. Louis]], Missouri.

Keen rivalry existed between the 1870s railroad builders. The [[Texas and Pacific Railroad]] reached across Texas to the Arkansas state line. The border was the logical place for the different railways to connect. On December 8, 1873, the Texas and Pacific sold the first town lots for the future city. The first buyer was J. W. Davis,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.texarkanagazette.com/news/opinion/editorials/story/2018/dec/08/happy-birthday-texarkana-our-hometown-145-years-old-today/755700/ |date=December 7, 2018 |title=Happy Birthday, Texarkana: Our hometown is 145 years old today |work=[[Texarkana Gazette]] |access-date=June 8, 2020}}</ref> who purchased the land where today's Hotel McCartney now stands on the Texas side of the border, opposite Union Station which is split between both the Arkansas and Texas border.

==Etymology==

The name Texarkana is known to be a [[portmanteau]] of [[Texas|'''Tex'''as]], [[Arkansas|'''Ark'''ansas]], and nearby [[Louisiana|Louisi'''ana''']]. However, accounts of the name's origin differ, and it had been in use some time before the town was founded. The most popular tradition is that when the [[St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway]] was building its line through the area, Col. Gus Knobel, a railroad surveyor, coined the name. He is said to have painted it on a plank and nailed it to a tree, saying "This is the name of a town which is to be built here."<ref name="arkansasguide">{{cite book|author=Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the State of Arkansas|title=Arkansas: A Guide to the State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eRujhKef6FkC|year=1941|publisher=Arkansas State Planning Board|isbn=978-1-62376-004-5|page=198}}</ref> Another story tells of a [[Red River of the South|Red River]] steamboat named ''The Texarkana'', {{circa|1860}}. A third account relates that a storekeeper named Swindle in Red Land, Louisiana, concocted a drink called "Texarkana Bitters".<ref name="texarkana">{{cite book |title=The Handbook of Texas Online |url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hdt02 |publisher=Texas State Historical Association, University of North Texas }}</ref>

==Geography==

Texarkana is located at the junction of [[Interstate 30 in Texas|Interstate 30]] and US highways [[U.S. Route 59 in Texas|59]], [[U.S. Route 67 in Texas|67]], [[U.S. Route 71 in Texas|71]] and [[U.S. Route 82 in Texas|82]] in extreme northeastern Texas on the Texas-Arkansas border.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.texarkana.tx.us/ourcity.html|title=Our City|publisher=Ci.texarkana.tx.us|access-date=December 29, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023153755/http://www.ci.texarkana.tx.us/ourcity.html|archive-date=October 23, 2010}}</ref><ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> It is bordered by the city of Texarkana, Arkansas, to the east, and by the smaller cities of [[Nash, Texas|Nash]], [[Wake Village, Texas|Wake Village]] and [[Eylau, Texas|Liberty Eylau]], Texas to the west. It is in the [[Central Time Zone]].

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the Texas city has a total area of {{convert|76.3|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|75.2|km2|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|1.1|km2|order=flip}}, or 1.39%, is covered by water.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web |title=Quick Facts: Texarkana city, Texas |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/texarkanacitytexas/POP010220#POP010220 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=April 27, 2022 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref> The city is roughly 180 miles northeast of [[Dallas]].

Several creeks run through the area including [[Wagner Creek (Texas)|Wagner Creek]], [[Cowhorn Creek]], [[Swampoodle Creek]] and [[Days Creek (Arkansas)|Days Creek]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Texas State Historical |title=Wagner Creek |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/wagner-creek |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Texas State Historical Association |language=en}}</ref>

===Climate===
* The warmest month is August.
* The highest recorded temperature was 117&nbsp;°F (47&nbsp;°C) in 1936.
* On average, the coolest month is January.
* The lowest recorded temperature was –6&nbsp;°F (–21&nbsp;°C) on December 22&ndash;23, 1989.
* The most precipitation on average occurs in December.
* A [[humid subtropical climate]] (''Cfa'') exists in the region.

{{Weather box
|location = Texarkana, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1968–present)
|single line = Y
|width = auto
|collapsed = yes
|Jan record high F = 81
|Feb record high F = 89
|Mar record high F = 89
|Apr record high F = 95
|May record high F = 98
|Jun record high F = 105
|Jul record high F = 105
|Aug record high F = 112
|Sep record high F = 108
|Oct record high F = 95
|Nov record high F = 87
|Dec record high F = 83
|year record high F = 112

|Jan avg record high F = 73.3
|Feb avg record high F = 76.9
|Mar avg record high F = 83.6
|Apr avg record high F = 86.9
|May avg record high F = 91.1
|Jun avg record high F = 95.8
|Jul avg record high F = 99.9
|Aug avg record high F = 100.8
|Sep avg record high F = 97.2
|Oct avg record high F = 89.7
|Nov avg record high F = 80.1
|Dec avg record high F = 74.8
|year avg record high F = 102.0

|Jan high F = 54.3
|Feb high F = 58.6
|Mar high F = 66.7
|Apr high F = 74.8
|May high F = 82.0
|Jun high F = 89.3
|Jul high F = 93.3
|Aug high F = 93.5
|Sep high F = 87.2
|Oct high F = 76.7
|Nov high F = 64.8
|Dec high F = 56.3
|year high F = 74.8
|Jan mean F = 43.7
|Feb mean F = 47.6
|Mar mean F = 55.2
|Apr mean F = 63.1
|May mean F = 71.8
|Jun mean F = 79.6
|Jul mean F = 83.2
|Aug mean F = 82.8
|Sep mean F = 76.2
|Oct mean F = 64.9
|Nov mean F = 53.6
|Dec mean F = 46.1
|year mean F = 64.0
|Jan low F = 33.1
|Feb low F = 36.6
|Mar low F = 43.8
|Apr low F = 51.4
|May low F = 61.7
|Jun low F = 69.8
|Jul low F = 73.0
|Aug low F = 72.1
|Sep low F = 65.2
|Oct low F = 53.2
|Nov low F = 42.4
|Dec low F = 35.8
|year low F = 53.2

|Jan avg record low F = 19.8
|Feb avg record low F = 24.9
|Mar avg record low F = 29.2
|Apr avg record low F = 37.7
|May avg record low F = 48.7
|Jun avg record low F = 61.8
|Jul avg record low F = 67.3
|Aug avg record low F = 65.8
|Sep avg record low F = 53.4
|Oct avg record low F = 38.9
|Nov avg record low F = 28.8
|Dec avg record low F = 23.9
|year avg record low F = 17.9

|Jan record low F = 2
|Feb record low F = −3
|Mar record low F = 15
|Apr record low F = 28
|May record low F = 38
|Jun record low F = 52
|Jul record low F = 57
|Aug record low F = 55
|Sep record low F = 38
|Oct record low F = 27
|Nov record low F = 16
|Dec record low F = −6
|year record low F = −6
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 4.26
|Feb precipitation inch = 4.58
|Mar precipitation inch = 4.70
|Apr precipitation inch = 4.88
|May precipitation inch = 5.25
|Jun precipitation inch = 4.39
|Jul precipitation inch = 3.40
|Aug precipitation inch = 2.77
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.89
|Oct precipitation inch = 4.78
|Nov precipitation inch = 4.33
|Dec precipitation inch = 5.18
|year precipitation inch = 52.41
|Jan snow inch = 1.0
|Feb snow inch = 1.0
|Mar snow inch = 0.0
|Apr snow inch = 0.0
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.0
|Nov snow inch = 0.0
|Dec snow inch = 0.1
|year snow inch = 2.1
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 11.0
|Feb precipitation days = 11.2
|Mar precipitation days = 10.8
|Apr precipitation days = 9.7
|May precipitation days = 10.3
|Jun precipitation days = 8.5
|Jul precipitation days = 6.8
|Aug precipitation days = 6.5
|Sep precipitation days = 6.7
|Oct precipitation days = 8.6
|Nov precipitation days = 9.1
|Dec precipitation days = 10.6
|year precipitation days = 109.8
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.3
|Feb snow days = 0.4
|Mar snow days = 0.0
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.0
|Dec snow days = 0.1
|year snow days = 0.8
|source 1 = [[NOAA]]<ref name="NOAA">
{{cite web
| url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=shv
| title = NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = June 22, 2021}}</ref><ref name=NCEI>
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00418942&format=pdf
| title = Station: Texarkana, TX
| work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = June 22, 2021}}</ref>
}}

On May 22, 2008, a [[downburst|microburst]] producing winds up to 100&nbsp;mph occurred over Stateline Avenue and surrounding communities. An analysis of radar data leading up to the damage showed that two severe thunderstorms came together on the south side of the city. One severe storm was moving northeastward from southern Bowie County, while the other was moving northwestward through Miller County. Both storms collided in an area just south of downtown Texarkana.<ref>{{Cite web |last=US Department of Commerce |first=NOAA |title=May 22, 2008: Microburst in Texarkana |url=https://www.weather.gov/shv/event_2008-05-22_microburst#:~:text=The%20National%20Weather%20Service%20in,up%20to%20100%20mph%20occurred. |access-date=2023-05-10 |website=Weather.gov |language=EN-US}}</ref>

On May 16, 2020, a [[waterspout]] tornado formed in adjacent [[Wright Patman Lake|Lake Wright Patman]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2020 |title=Storms across Northeast Texas spin up tornadoes, waterspouts |url=https://www.wfaa.com/article/weather/storms-across-northeast-texas-spin-up-tornadoes-waterspouts/287-ab40a2ac-27e1-400b-a67d-5a4c61a9145e |access-date=May 10, 2023 |website=Wfaa.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

On December 31, 2021, a rare weather phenomenon called "animal rain" caused fish to fall out of the sky and land in pedestrian's yards, sidewalks and business lots.<ref>{{Cite news |title='2021 is pulling out all the tricks': Fish rain from the sky in rare phenomenon in Texas |language=en-US |work=USA TODAY |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2021/12/31/fish-falling-from-sky-texarkana/9062273002/ |access-date=2023-05-10}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1880= 1833
|1890= 2852
|1900= 5256
|1910= 9790
|1920= 11480
|1930= 16602
|1940= 17019
|1950= 24753
|1960= 30218
|1970= 30497
|1980= 31271
|1990= 31656
|2000= 34782
|2010= 36411
|2020= 36193
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census by Decade|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br> 1850–1900<ref name=1900CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1900 Census of Population - Population of Texas By Counties And Minor Civil Divisions |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1900/bulletins/demographic/49-population-tx.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1910<ref name=1910CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1910 Census of Population - Supplement for Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1910/abstract/supplement-tx-p1.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1920<ref name=1920CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1920 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1920/bulletins/demographics/population-tx-number-of-inhabitants.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1930<ref name=1930CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1930 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1930/population-volume-1/03815512v1ch10.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1940<ref name=1940CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1940 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1940/population-volume-1/33973538v1ch09.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br>
1950<ref name=1950CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1950 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-46.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1960<ref name=1960CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1960 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/33255142v1p45ch02.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1970<ref name=1970CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1970 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/00496492v1p45s1ch02.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1980<ref name=1980CensusTX>{{Cite web|title= 1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1980/volume-1/texas/1980a_txab-01.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1990<ref name=1990CensusTX>{{Cite web|title=1990 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-45.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 2000<ref name=2000CensusTX>{{Cite web|title=2000 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2003/dec/phc-3-45.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 2010<ref name=2010CensusTX>{{Cite web|title=2010 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-45.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
}}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Texarkana racial composition'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4872368&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br> (NH = Non-Hispanic){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/en.html|title=Census|website=Census.gov|access-date=January 29, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=Census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|16,825
|46.49%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|13,565
|37.48%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|164
|0.45%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|736
|2.03%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] (NH)
|25
|0.07%
|-
|Some Other Race (NH)
|173
|0.48%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|1,613
|4.46%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|3,092
|8.54%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''36,193'''
|
|}
According to the [[2020 United States census]], there were 36,193 people, 14,148 households, and 8,767 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,228.13|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|adj=off}}. The 16,270 housing units averaged 589.4 per square mile (227.5/km{{sup|2}}). Of the 16,280 households, 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.5% were married couples living together, 19.3% had a female householder with no husband present. and 34.1% were not families; 29.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city, the age distribution of the population was 26.0% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,727, and for a family was $39,119. Males had a median income of $34,155 versus $21,143 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,815. About 19.4% of families and 24.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 34.8% of those under age 18 and 13.2% of those age 65 or over. The most affluent area of Texarkana is Pleasant Grove, where the median income is $49,562 for each household and the median for a family is $57,219 in 2013.

==Economy==
According to the city's 2021 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,<ref name="texarkanaci">
[https://www.texarkanatexas.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/843 City of Texarkana 2021 ACFR] . Retrieved August 24, 2023</ref> the top employers in the Texarkana Metropolitan Statistical Area, are:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! Employer
! # of Employees
|-
| 1
|[[Red River Army Depot]] and tenants
|2,225
|-
|2
| Christus St. Michael Health Care
|1,800
|-
|3
|[[Cooper Tire & Rubber Company]]
|1,793
|-
|4
| [[Wal-Mart]]/[[Sam's Club]]
|875
|-
|5
|[[Texarkana Independent School District]]
|846
|-
|6
|[[Graphic Packaging]] ([[International Paper]])
|829
|-
|7
|Wadley Regional Medical Center
|652
|-
|8
| [[Domtar]]
|548
|-
|9
|[[Texarkana Arkansas School District]]
|370
|-
|10
|City of Texarkana, Texas
|365
|}

==Government==
===Local government===
According to the city's most recent Comprehensive Annual Financial Report Fund Financial Statements, the city's various funds had $36.0 million in revenues, $37.0 million in expenditures, $18.9 million in total assets, $3.5 million in total liabilities, and $7.2 million in investments.<ref>[http://www.ci.texarkana.tx.us/contact.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103171223/http://www.ci.texarkana.tx.us/contact.html|date=November 3, 2013}}</ref>

===State government===
Though the city was historically [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]], Texarkana is currently represented by [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans]] in both houses of the [[Texas State Legislature]]. The [[Texas Senate|state senator]] is [[Bryan Hughes (politician)|Bryan Hughes]] from District 1. State Representative [[Gary VanDeaver]] represents Texas House District 1.

The [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]] operates the Texarkana District Parole Office in Texarkana.<ref>[http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/parole/parole-directory/paroledir-rgnldisparoff1.htm Parole Division Region I] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928130938/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/parole/parole-directory/paroledir-rgnldisparoff1.htm |date=September 28, 2011 }}. [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]]. Retrieved May 15, 2010.</ref>

The [[Texas Courts of Appeals|Texas Sixth Court of Appeals]] is located downtown in the Bi-State Justice Building.<ref>"[http://www.6thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/court/contact.asp Contact Information] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100125194454/http://www.6thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/court/contact.asp |date=January 25, 2010 }}." Texas Sixth Court of Appeals. Retrieved March 10, 2010.</ref>

===Federal government===
At the federal level, the two U.S. senators from Texas are Republicans [[John Cornyn]] and [[Ted Cruz]]; since a remap in 2022, the city of Texarkana is part of [[Texas's 1st congressional district]], which is currently represented by Republican [[Nathaniel Moran]]. Much of the rest of [[Bowie County, Texas|Bowie County]] is in the [[Texas's 4th congressional district]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://redistricting.capitol.texas.gov/Current-districts#us-congress-section|title=Current Districts|website=Redistricting.capitol.texas.gov|access-date=January 29, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.txdot.gov/data-maps/reference-maps/congressional-district-maps.html|title=Congressional district maps|website=Txdot.gov|access-date=January 29, 2024}}</ref>

The [[United States Post Office and Courthouse (Texarkana)|Federal Courthouse]] (which also holds the downtown post office<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uspspostoffices.com/tx/texarkana/texarkana |title=Post Office in Texarkana, TX - USPS Hours and Location |publisher=Uspspostoffices.com|access-date=April 7, 2015}}</ref>) is located directly on the Arkansas-Texas state line and is the only federal office building to straddle a state line. During his campaign for the presidency, [[John F. Kennedy]] spoke on the steps of the courthouse September 13, 1960, and so did President [[Jimmy Carter]], on October 22, 1980.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://txktoday.com/history/presidents-visiting-texarkana/|title=Presidents Visiting Texarkana|first=Field|last=Walsh|website=Txktoday.com|date=March 16, 2014|access-date=April 15, 2021}}</ref>

The [[Federal Correctional Institution, Texarkana]], is a [[Federal Bureau of Prisons]] facility in [[unincorporated area|unincorporated]] Bowie County just outside the southwest border of the city.<ref>[http://www.bop.gov/DataSource/execute/dsFacilityAddressLoc?start=y&facilityCode=tex FCI Texarkana Contact Information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527190750/http://www.bop.gov/DataSource/execute/dsFacilityAddressLoc?start=y&facilityCode=tex |date=May 27, 2010 }}. [[Federal Bureau of Prisons]]. Retrieved June 2, 2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ci.texarkana.tx.us/departments/citycouncil/wardmap.html Ward Map] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110127013114/http://www.ci.texarkana.tx.us/departments/citycouncil/wardmap.html |date=January 27, 2011 }}. City of Texarkana, Texas. Retrieved July 2, 2010</ref>

== Education ==
===Public school districts===
Schools in Texarkana, Texas, are under the jurisdiction of the [[Texarkana Independent School District]], the [[Liberty-Eylau Independent School District]], [[Pleasant Grove Independent School District (Bowie County, Texas)|Pleasant Grove Independent School District]], and [[Red Lick Independent School District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tea-texas.maps.arcgis.com/apps/Solutions/s2.html?appid=8b1d6f13310a49f48aa7052fe13f505a|title=Texas School District Locator|publisher=Tea-texas.maps.arcgls.com|access-date=April 7, 2015}}</ref>

===Colleges and universities===
Texarkana is home to [[Texas A&M University–Texarkana]], a four-year branch of the [[Texas A&M University System]], and to [[Texarkana College]], a [[community college]].

==Media==

=== Television ===
Texarkana is part of the [[Shreveport, Louisiana|Shreveport]]-Texarkana [[media market]], the 89th largest media market in the country and second-largest in the state of [[Louisiana]], behind only [[New Orleans]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mcswain |first=Rebecca |date=2024-01-03 |title=Top 200 Nielsen DMA Rankings (2024) – Full List |url=https://methodshop.com/nielsen-dma-rankings-full-list/ |access-date=2024-12-08 |language=en-US}}</ref> The market's [[NBC]] affiliate, [[KTAL-TV]] 6, is licensed to Texarkana. Texarkana is also served by [[KTBS-TV]] 3 ([[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]), [[KSLA]] 12 ([[CBS]]), KTSH-CD 19 ([[Telemundo]]), [[KPXJ]] 21 ([[The CW|CW]]), [[KMSS-TV]] 33 ([[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]]), [[KSHV-TV]] 45 ([[MyNetworkTV]]), and two PBS member stations: [[Arkansas PBS|KETG]] 9 and [[Louisiana Public Broadcasting|KLTS-TV]] 24.

=== Radio ===
4 [[AM broadcasting|AM]] radio stations and 19 [[FM broadcasting|FM]] stations (including a [[Low-power broadcasting|LPFM]]) serve Texarkana. Although most stations are locally-owned, [[Townsquare Media]] has a cluster in the area.

==Infrastructure==
===Transportation===

[[Image:Amtrak station in Texarkana IMG 6437.jpg|200px|right|thumb|[[Amtrak]] station in Texarkana]]
[[Texarkana Regional Airport]] is located in Texarkana, Arkansas, and serves general aviation and [[American Eagle Airlines|American Eagle]] service to [[Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport]].

[[Texarkana Union Station]] is located in downtown Texarkana along the state line, with [[Amtrak]]'s ''[[Texas Eagle]]'' providing daily service east to [[Chicago]] and west to [[San Antonio station (Texas)|San Antonio]], continuing on to [[Los Angeles]] three days a week with intermediate points.

The [[Texarkana Urban Transit District]] provides bus transportation to major areas of town along nine different routes. Service runs from 5:30 am to 6:20 pm Monday–Saturday.

Intercity bus service to the city is provided by [[Jefferson Lines]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jeffersonlines.com/bus-stops/arkansas/|title=Arkansas Bus Stops|access-date=July 20, 2023}}</ref>

Interstate 30 passes through Texarkana on the north. Loop 151 on the west of the city forms part of the [[Texarkana Loop]], a three-quarter loop around the west, south, and east of the twin cities with I-30 completing the loop on the north. [[Interstate 369 (Texas)|Interstate 369]] shares the western portion of Loop 151. [[Interstate 49]] is a newly constructed interstate corridor on the Arkansas side of the city which connects Texarkana to [[Shreveport, Louisiana]].

==Notable people==
{{div col}}
*[[McTelvin Agim]], [[NFL]] [[defensive end]]
* [[Joseph Anderson (American football)|Joe Anderson]], [[NFL]] [[wide receiver]]
* [[Miller Barber]], (1931-2013) - former PGA Tour golfer
* [[Jesse Belvin]], singer, pianist, and songwriter
* [[Footsie Blair]], (1900–1982) - was a Major League Baseball second baseman for the Chicago Cubs.
* [[J.B. Bobo]], magician
* [[Ben M. Bogard]], [[clergy]]man, founder of American Baptist Association in Texarkana in 1924<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=1593|title=Benjamin Marcus Bogard (1868–1951)|publisher=Encyclopediaofarkansas.net|access-date=August 2, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Willie Buchanon]], former NFL football player
* [[Melvin Bunch]], former MLB baseball player
* [[David Crowder]], musician
* [[James C. Dodd]], architect<ref name="GEI">{{Cite web |date=September 2017 |others=GEI Consultants Inc |title=Mid-Century Modern in the City of Sacramento Historic Context Statement and Survey Results |url=https://www.cityofsacramento.org/media/corporate/files/cdd/planning/urban-design/preservation/mcm-context-statement-report_update-website.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127044619/https://www.cityofsacramento.org/-/media/corporate/files/cdd/planning/urban-design/preservation/mcm-context-statement-report_update-website.pdf |archive-date=January 27, 2024 |access-date=January 27, 2024 |website=City of Sacramento |pages=3–18}}</ref>
* [[Robert Ealey]], electric blues singer
* [[Carl Finch]], musician, founder of [[Brave Combo]]
* [[Corinne Griffith]], silent-film actress
* [[Harmonica Slim]], blues harmonicist, singer, and songwriter<ref name="Bare">{{cite book| first1= Bob| last1= Eagle| first2= Eric S.| last2= LeBlanc| year= 2013| title= Blues - A Regional Experience| publisher= Praeger Publishers| location= Santa Barbara| page=300 | isbn= 978-0313344237}}</ref>
* [[Rich Houston]], former [[New York Giants]] NFL football player
* [[V. E. Howard]], clergyman who founded the ''International Gospel Hour''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.therestorationmovement.com/howard%2Cve.htm |title=Verna Elisha Howard (1911-2000) |publisher=Therestorationmovement.com |access-date=July 12, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225004234/http://www.therestorationmovement.com/howard%2Cve.htm |archive-date=December 25, 2013 }}</ref>
* [[LaMichael James]], football player for the [[San Francisco 49ers]] and [[Miami Dolphins]]
* [[Brandon Jones (wide receiver)|Brandon Jones]], NFL wide receiver
* [[Parnelli Jones]], race car driver in [[International Motorsports Hall of Fame]]
* [[Scott Joplin]], [[ragtime]] music composer and pianist
* [[Jeff Keith]], lead singer of rock band [[Tesla (band)|Tesla]]
* [[Jarrion Lawson]], American sprinter and long jumper
* [[Joshua Logan]], film and stage director, [[Tony Award]] and [[Pulitzer Prize]] winner
* [[Ryan Mallett]], NFL quarterback for [[Baltimore Ravens]]
* [[Eddie Mathews]], baseball player in [[National Baseball Hall of Fame|Hall of Fame]]
* [[Will Middlebrooks]], baseball player for the [[Milwaukee Brewers]]
* [[Craig Monroe]], baseball player
* [[Mac Morgan]], opera singer
* [[Dustin Moseley]], baseball player
* [[Ross Perot]], businessman and politician
* [[Charles B. Pierce]], movie producer
* [[Molly Quinn]], actress
* [[John D. Raffaelli]], American lobbyist 
* [[James Theodore Richmond]], writer, conservationist
* [[Joscelyn Roberson]], USA artistic gymnast
* [[Bill Rogers (golfer)|Bill Rogers]], golfer
* [[Marjorie Scardino|Dame Marjorie Morris Scardino]], [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning publisher and CEO of [[Pearson PLC]]
* [[Michael Jarboe Sheehan]], Roman Catholic Archbishop of Santa Fe
* [[Rod Smith (wide receiver)|Rod Smith]], NFL player for [[Denver Broncos]]
* [[Drew Stubbs]], baseball player for the [[Cincinnati Reds]] and [[Colorado Rockies]]
* [[Marshall Terrill]], author
* [[Aysel Teymurzadeh]], singer, performer
* [[Michael Trimble]], opera singer, voice teacher<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MNTZAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Michael+Trimble%22+%22opera%22|title=Treasured poems of America|author=William H. Trent|year=1989|publisher=Sparrowgrass Poetry Forum|page=298|isbn=9780923242015}}</ref>
* [[Nathan Vasher]], football player
* [[Michael Wacha]], baseball player for the [[San Diego Padres]]  
* [[Frank D. White]], [[governor of Arkansas]] from 1981 to 1983
* [[Otis Williams]], musician, founding member of [[The Temptations]]
{{div col end}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
*{{cite news |ref={{SfnRef|''The Union Daily Times'', May 20,|1922}}|date= May 20, 1922|title= Jail stormed; Negro Lynched|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86071063/1922-05-20/ed-1/seq-1/#|newspaper=The Union Daily Times|publisher= |location=Union, South Carolina|issn=2471-0563|oclc=13088988|pages=1–4|access-date= March 4, 2022 }}
*{{cite book |last=Price |first=D. J. |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Texarkana_Gateway_to_Texas_and_the_S/hW9LAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=The Texarkana Gateway to Texas and the Southwest |publisher=Woodward & Tiernan Printing Company |year=1896 |location=St. Louis, Missouri |access-date=April 28, 2025}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Texarkana, Texas}}
{{wikivoyage|Texarkana}}
{{Portal|Texas}}
*{{Official website|http://www.ci.texarkana.tx.us/}}
* [http://www.texarkana.org/ Texarkana Chamber of Commerce]
* [https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hdt02 Handbook of Texas Online: Texarkana, Texas]

{{Bowie County, Texas}}
{{Texas}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Texarkana, Texas| ]]
[[Category:Texarkana|.]]
[[Category:Cities in Bowie County, Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Texarkana metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Cities in the Ark-La-Tex]]
[[Category:Divided cities|Texarkana, Texas]]
[[Category:Twin cities]]
[[Category:Cities in Texas]]