Editing Tettigoniidae

{{Short description|Family of insects}}
{{redirect|Katydid|other uses|Katydid (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|fossil_range      = {{fossil_range|earliest=Carboniferous|Jurassic|recent}}
|image             = Tettigonia viridissima qtl2.jpg
|image_caption     = ''[[Tettigonia viridissima]]''
|image2            = Tettigonia viridissima - sound.ogg
|image2_caption    = Stridulation of ''T. viridissima''
|display_parents   = 3
|parent_authority  = [[Hermann August Krauss|Krauss]], 1902
|taxon             = Tettigoniidae
|authority         = [[Hermann August Krauss|Krauss]], 1902
|subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies
|subdivision       = [[Tettigoniidae#Classification|See text]]
}}
[[Insect]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] '''Tettigoniidae''' are commonly called '''katydids''' (especially in North America)<ref name=osf/> or '''bush crickets'''.<ref name="Ragge">{{cite book|title=Grasshoppers, Crickets & Cockroaches of the British Isles |author=Ragge DR|year=1965|publisher=F Warne & Co, London|pages=299}}</ref> They have previously been known as "long-horned [[grasshopper]]s".<ref>{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia Of Insects|last1=Ingrisch|first1=Sigfrid|last2=Rentz|first2=D.C.F.|year=2009|isbn=9780123741448|pages=732–743|chapter=Chapter 187 - Orthoptera: Grasshoppers, Locusts, Katydids, Crickets|doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-374144-8.00196-X|edition=Second}}</ref> More than 8,000 [[species]] are known.<ref name="osf" /> Part of the suborder [[Ensifera]], the Tettigoniidae are the only extant (living) family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea.

Many species are [[Nocturnality|nocturnal]] in habit, having strident mating calls and may exhibit [[mimicry]] or [[camouflage]], commonly with shapes and colours similar to leaves.<ref name="EBChecked">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Katydid |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/long-horned-grasshopper |access-date=9 October 2014}}[]</ref>

==Etymology==
The family name Tettigoniidae is derived from the genus ''[[Tettigonia]]'', of which the [[Tettigonia viridissima|great green bush cricket]] is the type species; it was first described by [[Carl Linnaeus]] in 1758. In Latin ''tettigonia'' means a kind of small cicada, [[leafhopper]];<ref>{{L&S|tettigonia|ref}}</ref> it is from the Greek τεττιγόνιον ''tettigonion'', the diminutive of the imitative ([[onomatopoeic]]) τέττιξ, ''tettix'', [[cicada]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Tettigoniidae |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tettigoniidae |dictionary=Merriam-Webster|access-date=31 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{LSJ|tettigo/nion|τεττιγόνιον}}, {{LSJ|te/ttic|τέττιξ|ref}}.</ref> All of these names such as ''tettix'' with repeated sounds are [[onomatopoeic]], imitating the [[stridulation]] of these insects.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Tettix|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tettix|dictionary=Merriam-Webster|access-date=31 March 2015}}</ref> The common name ''katydid'' is also onomatopoeic and comes from the particularly loud, three-pulsed song, often rendered "''ka-ty-did''", of the [[nominotypical subspecies|nominate subspecies]] of the North American ''[[Pterophylla camellifolia]]'', belonging to the subfamily [[Pseudophyllinae]], which are known as "true katydids".<ref>{{OEtymD|katydid|date=7 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=common true katydid (Pterophylla camellifolia) |url=http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/walker/buzz/141a.htm |access-date=12 August 2018}}</ref>

==Description and life cycle==
===Description===
[[File:Grande sauterelle verte - Portrait.jpg|thumb|''[[Tettigonia viridissima]]'']]
Tettigoniids range in size from as small as {{cvt|5|mm}} to as large as {{cvt|130|mm}}.<ref name=funk>{{cite book|title=Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia|publisher=EBSCO Publishing|page=1|edition=1}}</ref> The smaller species typically live in drier or more stressful habitats which may lead to their small size. The small size is associated with greater agility, faster development, and lower nutritional needs. Tettigoniids are tree-living insects that are most commonly heard at night during summer and early fall.<ref name="rentz2010">{{cite journal|last1=Rentz|first1=David|title=A guide to the katydids of Australia|journal=Journal of Insect Conservation|date=15 July 2010|volume=14|issue=6|pages=579–580|doi=10.1007/s10841-010-9312-4|s2cid=11131753}}</ref> Tettigoniids may be distinguished from the [[grasshopper]] by the length of their filamentous [[antenna (biology)|antennae]], which may exceed their own body length, while grasshoppers' antennae are always relatively short and thickened.
[[File:Katydid on bamboo leaf.jpg|thumb|Katydid camouflaged on a bamboo leaf]]
===Life cycle===
[[File:Katydid Eggs.jpg|thumb|Katydid eggs attached in rows to a plant stem]]
[[File:Katydid nymph.webm|thumb|thumbtime=15|[[Katydid]] nymph]]

Eggs are typically oval and may be attached in rows to plants. Where the eggs are deposited relates to the way the [[ovipositor]] is formed. It consists of up to three pairs of appendages formed to transmit the egg, to make a place for it, and place it properly. Tettigoniids have either sickle-shaped ovipositors which typically lay eggs in dead or living plant matter, or uniform long ovipositors which lay eggs in grass stems. When tettigoniids hatch, the nymphs often look like small, wingless versions of the adults, but in some species, the nymphs look nothing at all like the adult and rather mimic other species such as [[ant]]s, [[spiders]] and [[assassin bug]]s, or flowers, to prevent predation. The nymphs remain in a mimic state only until they are large enough to escape predation. Once they complete their last molt (after about 5 successful molts), they are then prepared to mate.<ref name="rentz2010"/>

==Distribution==
Tettigoniids are found on every continent except Antarctica.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bush crickets|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Tettigoniidae|publisher=BBC Nature|access-date=25 November 2013}}</ref> The vast majority of katydid species live in the [[tropical climate|tropical]] regions of the world.<ref name="EBChecked"/> For example, the Amazon basin [[tropical forest]]s are home to over 2,000 species.<ref name="EBChecked"/> However, katydids are found in the cool, dry temperate regions, as well, with about 255 species in North America.

==Classification==
The Tettigoniidae are a large family and have been divided into a number of subfamilies:<ref name="osf">{{OSF|name=family Tettigoniidae Krauss, 1902|id=11|access-date=10 May 2022}}</ref>
{{Columns-list|colwidth=27em|
*[[Austrosaginae]] (Australia)
*[[Bradyporinae]] (southeast Europe, west & central Asia)
*[[Conocephalinae]] (global)
*[[Hetrodinae]] (Africa)
*[[Hexacentrinae]] (pantropical, especially Asia)
*[[Lipotactinae]] (Asia)
*[[Listroscelidinae]] (Americas, Madagascar, Australia)
*[[Meconematinae]] (global)
*[[Mecopodinae]] (South America, Africa, Southeast Asia, Oceania)
*[[Microtettigoniinae]] (Australia)
*[[Phaneropterinae]] (global)
*[[Phasmodinae]] (Australia)
*[[Phyllophorinae]] (Australasia)
*[[Pseudophyllinae]] (global)
*[[Pterochrozinae]] (Central and South America)
*[[Saginae]] (North America, Africa, Europe)
*[[Tettigoniinae]] (global)
*[[Tympanophorinae]] (Australia)
*[[Zaprochilinae]] (Australia)
}}

{{Gallery |mode=packed
|Sattelschrecke.jpg|''[[Ephippiger ephippiger]]''<br />(Bradyporinae)
|Conocephalus fuscus qtl1.jpg|''[[Conocephalus fuscus]]''<br />(Conocephalinae)
|CSIRO ScienceImage 178 A Parap Grasshopper.jpg|''[[Paraphisis]]'' sp.<br />(Meconematinae)
|Phaneroptera falcata.jpg|''[[Phaneroptera falcata]]''<br />(Phaneropterinae)
|Leaf-mimic Katydid (Pseudophyllus titan) (7852012270).jpg|''[[Pseudophyllus titan]]''<br />(Pseudophyllinae)
|Roesel's bush-cricket (Metrioptera roeselii diluta) male.jpg|''[[Metrioptera roeselii]]''<br />(Tettigoniinae)
}}

The Copiphorinae were previously considered a subfamily, but are now placed as tribe [[Copiphorini]] in the subfamily Conocephalinae.<ref>[http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1133737 Orthoptera species file (retrieved 3 January 2018)]</ref> The genus ''[[Acridoxena]]'' is now placed in the tribe [[Acridoxenini]] of the Mecopodinae (previously its own subfamily, Acridoxeninae).

===Extinct taxa===
The ''Orthoptera species file''<ref name=osf/> lists:
*†[[Pseudotettigoniinae]] (North America, Europe)
*†[[Rammeinae]] (Europe)
*†[[Tettigoidinae]] (Australia)
;Genera ''[[incertae sedis]]''
* †''[[Locustites]]'' Heer, 1849: 3 spp.
* †''[[Locustophanes]]'' Handlirsch, 1939: †''L. rhipidophorus'' Handlirsch, 1939
* †''[[Prophasgonura]]'' Piton, 1940: †''P. lineatocollis'' Piton, 1940
* †''[[Protempusa]]'' Piton, 1940: †''P. incerta'' Piton, 1940
* †''[[Prototettix]]'' Giebel, 1856: †''P. lithanthraca'' (Goldenberg, 1854)

The genus †''[[Triassophyllum]]'' is extinct and may be placed here or in the [[Archaeorthoptera]].<ref>[https://www.gbif.org/species/121404587 GBIF: ''Triassophyllum'' Papier et al., 1997 (retrieved January 2018))]</ref>

==Ecology==
[[File:Bellied bright bush-cricket (Poecilimon thoracicus) male.jpg|thumb|''[[Poecilimon thoracicus]]'' (Phaneropterinae)]] 
 
The diet of most tettigoniids includes [[leaves]], [[flowers]], [[bark (botany)|bark]], and [[seed]]s, but many species are exclusively [[predator]]y, feeding on other [[insect]]s, [[snail]]s, or even small [[vertebrate]]s such as [[snake]]s and [[lizard]]s. Some are also considered pests by commercial crop growers and are sprayed to limit growth, but population densities are usually low, so a large economic impact is rare.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tree of Life project|url=http://tolweb.org/Tettigoniidae|access-date=25 November 2013}}</ref>

Tettigoniids are serious insect pests of [[karuka]] (''Pandanus julianettii'').<ref name="French">{{cite book |last1=French |first1=Bruce R. |author-link=Bruce French (agricultural scientist) |title=Growing food in the Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea |date=1982 |publisher=AFTSEMU (Agricultural Field Trials, Surveys, Evaluation and Monitoring Unit) of the World Bank funded project in the Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea |pages=64–71 |url=https://docplayer.net/42672690-Growing-food-in-the-southern-highlands-province-of-papua-new-guinea-bruce-r-french.html |access-date=20 September 2018 |language=en |format=PDF}}</ref> The species ''[[Segestes gracilis]]'' and ''[[Segestidea montana]]'' eat the leaves and can sometimes kill trees.<ref name="French"/> Growers will stuff leaves and grass in between the leaves of the crown to keep insects out.<ref name="French"/>

By observing the head and mouthparts, where differences can be seen in relation to function, it is possible to determine what type of food the tettigoniids consume. Large tettigoniids can inflict a painful bite or pinch if handled, but seldom break the skin.

Some species of bush crickets are consumed by people, such as the ''[[nsenene]]'' (''Ruspolia differens'') in [[Uganda]] and neighbouring areas.

===Communication===
The males of tettigoniids have sound-producing [[organ (anatomy)|organs]] located on the hind angles of their front wings. In some species, females are also capable of stridulation. Females chirp in response to the shrill of the males. The males use this sound for courtship, which occurs late in the summer.<ref>{{cite book |title=Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia |page=1 |edition=6 |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/katydid.aspx |access-date=10 December 2014}}</ref> The sound is produced by rubbing two parts of their bodies together, called [[stridulation]]. In many cases this is done with the wings, but not exclusively. One body part bears a file or comb with ridges; the other has the plectrum, which runs over the ridges to produce a vibration.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Robertson |first1=Laura |last2=Meyer |first2=John |title=Exploring Sound with Insects|journal=Science Scope|date=January 2010|volume=33 |issue=5|page=12 |url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-216960409.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504170619/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-216960409.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-05-04}}</ref> For tettigoniids, the fore [[wings]] are used to sing. Tettigoniids produce continuous songs known as trills. The size of the insect, the spacing of the ridges, and the width of the scraper all influence what sound is made.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chapman |first1=R. F. |title=The Insects: Structure and function |isbn=978-0521113892 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |edition=5|year=2013 }}</ref>

Many species stridulate at a tempo which is governed by ambient temperature, so that the number of chirps in a defined period of time can produce a fairly accurate temperature reading. For American katydids, the formula is generally given as the number of chirps in 15 seconds plus 37 to give the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/cricket.html |publisher=U.S. Library of Congress |title=Can you tell the temperature by listening to the chirping of a cricket?}}</ref>

===Predation===
[[File:Wandering spider (Cupiennius getazi) with female katydid prey (Tettigoniidae sp.).jpg|thumb|Wandering spider (Cupiennius sp.) with ''Tettigoniidae sp.'' prey]]
Some tettigoniids have spines on different parts of their bodies that work in different ways. The Listroscelinae have limb spines on the ventral surfaces of their bodies. This works in a way to confine their prey to make a temporary cage above their mouthparts. The spines are articulated and comparatively flexible, but relatively blunt. Due to this, they are used to cage and not penetrate the prey's body. Spines on the tibiae and the femora are usually more sharp and nonarticulated. They are designed more for penetration or help in the defensive mechanism they might have. This usually works with their diurnal roosting posture to maximize defense and prevent predators from going for their head.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Montealegre|first1=Fernando|last2=Morris|first2=Glenn|title=The spiny devil katydids, ''Panacanthus'' Walker (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae): an evolutionary study of acoustic behaviour and morphological traits|journal=Systematic Entomology|date=24 Dec 2003|volume=29|issue=1|pages=29–57|doi=10.1111/j.1365-3113.2004.00223.x|s2cid=13692215}}</ref>

===Defense mechanisms===
[[File:Katydid india.jpg|thumb|Katydid [[mimicry|mimicking]] a leaf]]
[[File:Tribe Conocephalini - Meadow Katydids 2015-11-02-hawaii.webm|thumb|A [[Conocephalinae#Tribe Conocephalini|Meadow Katydids]] in [[Hawaii]]]]

When tettigoniids go to rest during the day, they enter a diurnal roosting posture to maximize their cryptic qualities. This position fools predators into thinking the katydid is either dead or just a leaf on the plant. Various tettigoniids have bright coloration and black apical spots on the inner surfaces of the [[tegmina]], and brightly colored hind wings. By flicking their wings open when disturbed, they use the coloration to fool predators into thinking the spots are eyes. This, in combination with their coloration mimicking leaves, allows them to blend in with their surroundings, but also makes predators unsure which side is the front and which side is the back.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Castner|first1=James|last2=Nickle|first2=David|title=Notes on the biology and ecology of the leaf-mimicking katydid ''Typophyllum bolivari'' Vignon (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Pterochrozini)|journal=Journal of Orthoptera Research|date=August 2004|volume=4|pages=105–109}}</ref>

{{Quote box |width=240px |align=right |quoted=true |bgcolor=#FFFFF0 |salign=right
 |quote =<poem> 
'''''Katydid''''' 

I LOVE to hear thine earnest voice,
   Wherever thou art hid,
Thou testy little dogmatist,
   Thou pretty Katydid!
Thou mindest me of gentlefolks, -
   Old gentlefolks are they, -
Thou say'st an undisputed thing
   In such a solemn way. 

Thou art a female, Katydid!
   I know it by the trill
That quivers through thy piercing notes,
   So petulant and shrill.
I think there is a knot of you
   Beneath the hollow tree, -
A knot of spinster Katydids, -
   Do Katydids drink tea? 

O, tell me where did Katy live,
   And what did Katy do?
And was she very fair and young,
   And yet so wicked, too?
Did Katy love a naughty man,
   Or kiss more cheeks than one?
I warrant Katy did no more
   Than many a Kate has done.
</poem>|source =''From the "To An Insect" poem by [[Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.|Oliver Wendell Holmes]]''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=kXd4bRr71a4C&dq=Oliver+Wendell+Holmes+Katydid&pg=PA356 ''A Library of Poetry and Song: Being Choice Selections from The Best Poets. With An Introduction by William Cullen Bryant''], New York, J.B. Ford and Company, 1871, pp. 356-357.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=TiA7AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA9 ''The Poetical Works of Oliver Wendell Holmes''], Boston And New York, Houghton, Mifflin And Company, 1893, p. 9.</ref>}}

{{Quote box |width=240px |align=right |quoted=true |bgcolor=#FFFFF0 |salign=right
 |quote =<poem> 
'''''To A Katydid''''' 

LITTLE friend among the tree-tops, 
       Chanting low your vesper hymns,
               Never tiring, 
               Me inspiring, 
       Seated 'neath the swaying limbs, 
Do you know your plaintive calling, 
When the summer dew is falling, 
Echoes sweeter through my brain 
Than any soft, harmonic strain?

Others call you an intruder,  
       Say discordant notes you know; 
               Or that sadness, 
               More than gladness, 
       From your little heart doth flow; 
And that you awake from sleeping 
Thoughts in quiet they were keeping, 
Faithless love, or ill-laid schemes, 
Hopes unanchored — broken dreams.

No such phantoms to my vision 
       Doth your lullaby impart, 
               But sweet faces, 
               No tear traces, 
       Smile as joyous in my heart, 
As when first at mother's knee 
Learned I your sweet mystery. 
I defend you with my praises, 
For your song my soul upraises. 

Oft I fancy when your neighbors, 
       In some secret thicket hid, 
               Are debating, 
               Underrating 
       What that little maiden did, 
That above their clam'rous singing 
I can hear your accents ringing, 
Like a voice that must defend 
From abuse some time-loved friend. 

Dream I not of fame or fortune, 
       Only this I inward crave, 
               Sweet assurance, 
               Long endurance, 
       Of a love beyond the grave. 
Should my songs die out and perish, 
You'll my name repeat and cherish; 
Though all trace is lost of me, 
Still you'll call from tree to tree.
</poem>|source =''From the "To A Katydid" poem by [[Kate Slaughter McKinney]]''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1NUtAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA7 ''Katydid's Poems: With A Letter By Jno. Aug. Williams''], Courier-Journal Job Printing Company, 1887, pp. 7-8.</ref>}}

==Reproductive behavior==
The males provide a [[nuptial gift (animal behavior)|nuptial gift]] for the females in the form of a [[spermatophylax]], a body attached to the males' [[spermatophore]] and consumed by the female, to distract her from eating the male's spermatophore and thereby increase his paternity.<ref name="vahed">{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/j.1469-185X.1997.tb00025.x |title=The function of nuptial feeding in insects: A review of empirical studies |year=1998 |last1=Vahed |first1=Karim |journal=Biological Reviews |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=43–78|s2cid=86644963 }}</ref>

===Polygamy===
The Tettigoniidae have polygamous relationships. The first male to mate is guaranteed an extremely high confidence of paternity when a second male couples at the termination of female sexual refractoriness.  The nutrients that the offspring ultimately receive will increase their fitness. The second male to mate with the female at the termination of her refractory period is usually [[cuckolded]].<ref name=gwynne1988>{{cite journal |last1=Gwynne |first1=G.T. |title=Courtship feeding in katydids benefits the mating male's offspring|journal=Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |date=December 1988 |volume=23|issue=6|pages=373–377 |doi=10.1007/bf00303711|bibcode=1988BEcoS..23..373G |s2cid=28150560 }}</ref>

===Competition===
The polygamous relationships of the Tettigoniidae lead to high levels of male-male competition. Male competition is caused by the decreased availability of males able to supply nutritious spermaphylanges to the females. Females produce more eggs on a high-quality diet; thus, the female looks for healthier males with a more nutritious spermatophylax. Females use the sound created by the male to judge his fitness. The louder and more fluent the trill, the higher the fitness of the male.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Gwynne|first1=Darryl T.|last2=Brown|first2=William D.|title=Mate feeding, offspring investment, and sexual differences in katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)|journal=Behavioral Ecology|date=1994|volume=5|issue=3|pages=267–272 |doi=10.1093/beheco/5.3.267}}</ref>

===Stress response===
In species which produce larger food gifts, the female often seeks out the males to copulate. This, however, is a cost to females as they risk predation while searching for males. Also, a cost-benefit tradeoff exists in the size of the spermatophore which the male tettigoniids produce. When males possess a large spermatophore, they benefit by being more highly selected for by females, but they are only able to mate one to two times during their lifetimes. Inversely, male Tettigoniidae with smaller spermatophores have the benefit of being able to mate two to three times per night, but have lower chances of being selected by females. Even in times of nutritional stress, male Tettigoniidae continue to invest nutrients within their spermatophores. In some species, the cost of creating the spermatophore is low, but even in those which it is not low, it is still not beneficial to reduce the quality of the spermatophore, as it would lead to lower reproductive selection and success. This low reproductive success is attributed to some Tettigoniidae species in which the spermatophylax that the female receives as a food gift from the male during copulation increases the reproductive output of the reproduction attempt. However, in other cases, the female receives few, if any, benefits.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jia |first1=Zhiyun |last2=Jiang |first2=Zhigang |last3=Sakaluk |first3=Scott |title=Nutritional condition influences investment by male katydids in nuptial food gifts |journal=Ecological Entomology |date=2000 |volume=25 |issue=1|pages=115–118|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2311.2000.00239.x|bibcode=2000EcoEn..25..115J |s2cid=85677289 }}</ref>

The reproductive behavior of bush crickets has been studied in great depth. Studies <!-- conducted in 2010 at the University of Derby by Karim Vahed, Darren Parker and James Gilbert --> found that the tuberous bush cricket (''[[Platycleis affinis]]'') has the largest testes in proportion to body mass of any animal recorded. They account for 14% of the insect's body mass and are thought to enable a fast remating rate.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2010.0840 |title=Larger testes are associated with a higher level of polyandry, but a smaller ejaculate volume, across bushcricket species (Tettigoniidae) |year=2010 |last1=Vahed |first1=K. |last2=Parker |first2=D. J. |last3=Gilbert |first3=J. D. J. |journal=Biology Letters |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=261–4 |pmid=21068028 |pmc=3061181}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Orthopteroid genera containing species recorded in Europe]]

==References==
{{Reflist|28em}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
* [http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/Walker/buzz/katydids.htm North American Katydids] with range maps and audio files of katydid songs
* {{Wikisource-inline|list=
** [[Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.]], “[[s:To an Insect|To an Insect]],” 1831
** {{Cite AmCyc|wstitle=Katydid|short=x |noicon=x}}
** [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]], “[[s:Miss Katy-Did and Miss Cricket|Miss Katy-Did and Miss Cricket]],” ''Queer Little Folks'', 1897
** {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Katydid|short=x |noicon=x}}
** [[Paul Laurence Dunbar]], “[[s:Whip-Poor-Will and Katy-Did|Whip-Poor-Will and Katy-Did]],” ''The Complete Poems of Paul Laurence Dunbar'', 1913
** {{Cite NSRW|wstitle=Katydid|short=x |noicon=x}}
}}

{{Orthoptera|1}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q727919}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Tettigoniidae| ]]
[[Category:Orthoptera families]]
[[Category:Extant Jurassic first appearances]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Hermann August Krauss]]